丨证券研究报告丨 固定收益丨点评报告 [Table_Title] 谁来接长债？ 报告要点 [Table_Summary] 近期债市中短端抗跌，但超长端利差再次走阔。当前债市的困局在于财政的拉久期节奏，和央 行买长债的节奏并不一致，当前债市缺少长债的买入力量。后续债市如何恢复超长端的供求平 衡？我们认为主要有以下三种路径，并对每种路径进行了验证及测算：1）央行开始明显买入长 久期国债；2）长债利率继续调整后，财政系统在面临长端融资成本攀升的时候，会理性选择缩 短发行久期；3）大行进一步得到注资，或缓解利率敏感性监管指标压力，让大行有空间继续买 入长久期债券。在这一矛盾缓解之前，我们预计中短端相对抗跌，而超长端可能继续震荡偏弱。 分析师及联系人 [Table_Author] 赵增辉 马月 马玮健 SAC：S0490524080003 SAC：S0490525080001 SFC：BVN394 %% %% research.95579.com 1 [Table_Title2] 谁来接长债？ [Table_Summary2] 近期债市中短端抗跌，而超长端利差再走阔 近期债市中短端抗跌，但超长端利差再次走阔，主因超长端 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the home appliance industry [11]. Core Insights - The Federal Reserve announced a 25 basis point reduction in the federal funds rate to a target range of 4.00%-4.25% on September 18, 2025, marking a return to a rate cut cycle after nine months. This cycle is expected to continue for the remainder of the year and into the next two years [2][5]. - The impact of the rate cut on the supply side of the U.S. home appliance industry is significant and has a higher transmission efficiency compared to the demand side, which typically shows improvement with a delay of 1-2 quarters after the end of the rate cut cycle [6][24]. - The revenue contribution from the recent rate cut to domestic appliance companies may not be evident in the short to medium term, necessitating further observation of the U.S. economic fundamentals [8][48]. Summary by Sections Introduction - The report analyzes the effects of the Federal Reserve's monetary policy easing on domestic appliance companies that have established a significant presence in the U.S. market [5][16]. Response of the U.S. Home Appliance Industry to Rate Cuts - On the supply side, U.S. appliance manufacturers typically see a turning point in new order amounts immediately following the initiation of a rate cut cycle, with shipment growth rates usually aligning with new orders or lagging by one quarter [6][22]. - On the demand side, while historical data shows that demand for home appliances improves after rate cuts, this improvement is often delayed until 1-2 quarters after the last rate cut [24][30]. Stock Performance of Appliance Companies During Rate Cuts - Anticipation of rate cuts tends to boost stock prices of U.S. appliance companies initially, but actual performance is often driven by valuation post-announcement. Recent cycles have shown muted stock performance due to the industry's maturity [7][34]. - Historical analysis of Whirlpool's stock performance indicates that while the stock tends to perform well before rate cuts, it often experiences a pullback after the cuts are implemented [34][38]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on high-quality industry leaders with structural growth and high dividend returns, recommending companies like Midea Group, Haier Smart Home, and Gree Electric for their strong domestic and emerging market sales [8][48]. - Additionally, it highlights brands with global reach and product diversification, such as Anker Innovations and Ninebot, as potential investment opportunities [8][48].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the coal industry [8] Core Insights - The rapid development of the AI industry in the U.S. has led to electricity shortages, which are expected to drive an increase in coal consumption. By 2025, domestic coal demand in the U.S. could rise to between 547 million and 640 million tons, representing an annual growth of 27% to 48% compared to 2025 levels. This shift may significantly reduce U.S. coal exports and disrupt the global coal trade balance, providing marginal support for coal prices globally and in China [2][6][21] Summary by Sections Coal Consumption and Production - In the first nine months of 2025, U.S. coal consumption reached 197.09 million tons, a year-on-year increase of 13.5%. Coal production during the same period was 236.29 million tons, up 5.0% year-on-year. Coal imports surged by 53.1% to 1.2 million tons, while exports fell by 11.4% to 42.45 million tons [6][16][26] Market Performance - The coal index in the Yangtze River region increased by 1.25%, underperforming the CSI 300 index by 0.03 percentage points. The price of thermal coal at Qinhuangdao port was 785 RMB per ton, down 31 RMB from the previous week. The price of coking coal at Jingtang port was 1,630 RMB per ton, also down 40 RMB [5][28][51] Future Outlook - The report suggests that the coal market may remain robust due to strict safety regulations and low inventory levels at mines and ports. If cold weather increases daily consumption, coal prices could rise further. The report emphasizes the need to monitor extreme weather, procurement rhythms, and port inventory changes [5][29][45]

行业研究丨深度报告丨家用电器 [Table_Title] 如何看新兴市场白电景气度与格局？ %% %% %% %% research.95579.com 1 丨证券研究报告丨 报告要点 [Table_Summary] 受益于居民户均收入突破临界拐点，过去几年东南亚、拉美及中东非等新兴市场家电渗透率迎 来加速提升，行业长期保持高景气，同时国内企业凭借深入的本地化布局与产品及性价比等方 面优势正逐步抢占日韩系与欧美系企业份额。展望后续，国内市场面临潜在的基数与需求前置 压力，增长中枢或边际放缓，海外成熟地区家电也已基本进入存量阶段，而新兴市场当前渗透 率仍处于相对低位，且国内品牌保有较大份额提升潜力，有望为国内家电企业规模增长贡献长 期势能。 分析师及联系人 [Table_Author] 陈亮 SAC：S0490517070017 SFC：BUW408 请阅读最后评级说明和重要声明 2 / 20 %% %% %% %% research.95579.com 2 [Table_Title2] 如何看新兴市场白电景气度与格局？ [Table_Summary2] 新兴市场家电景气度如何？ 国内出口表现与上市公司财报的交 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the real estate industry is "Positive" and maintained [11]. Core Insights - The pressure on the existing market poses challenges for pricing by real estate companies, but it is not the most significant factor affecting alpha. The real constraint on alpha is the contraction of market activity, with a relative shortage of investable cities and quality land. Although the number of participating companies has decreased compared to previous years, competition remains intense. The difficulty in replenishing effective inventory and high premium rates are notable challenges. To break the further contraction of market activity, policy support is essential, which, despite its limited overall effect, is expected to provide support for quality properties and structural markets [2][8]. Market Performance - The Yangtze River Real Estate Index decreased by 1.97% this week, with an excess return of -3.24% relative to the CSI 300, ranking 31 out of 32 industries. Year-to-date, the real estate index has increased by 6.58%, with an excess return of -9.93% relative to the CSI 300, ranking 26 out of 32 [5][16]. Policy Developments - The central government emphasizes the implementation of urban renewal actions, integrating it with safety hazard elimination and stabilizing the real estate market. Local measures include home purchase subsidies in Nanning and support for quality housing development in Chongqing, which includes increasing the supply of quality land and promoting the construction of high-quality residential projects [6][18]. Sales Trends - The transaction volume of new homes in 37 sample cities showed a year-on-year decline of 44.0% over the past four weeks, while second-hand homes in 17 cities decreased by 24.6%. Year-to-date, new home sales in 37 cities are down 15.0%, while second-hand homes are up 5.6% [7][19]. Key Focus Areas - The long-term alpha in the new home market is expected to be driven by quality properties, with companies that have advantages in inventory age, location, and brand likely to continue outperforming. The pressure from old inventory is anticipated to ease marginally as the volume of old stock decreases over time [8].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" and maintained [6] Core Insights - As of the end of Q3, China's high-quality data sets have surpassed 500PB, providing strong support for the enhancement and acceleration of innovation in artificial intelligence models [1][3] - The construction of high-quality data sets is expected to accelerate, driven by ongoing policy support, which will help form a commercial closed loop for data circulation [10] - There is a growing demand for high-quality data sets, particularly in sectors like healthcare, finance, and industry, where companies possess scarce data resources [10] Summary by Relevant Sections Data Set Construction - The importance of high-quality data set construction has been recognized, with the National Data Bureau releasing guidelines to promote its development [10] - The construction of high-quality data sets is seen as a key driver for the performance leap in artificial intelligence [10] Market Dynamics - The market is expected to see a shift towards a willingness to pay for high-quality data, which will stimulate the professionalization and standardization of data supply [10] - The value of high-quality data is anticipated to accelerate its release as the construction of these data sets continues to scale [10]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for several key stocks in the financial and manufacturing sectors, including Green City China, Jianfa International Group, New China Life Insurance, and Bank of Communications [12][42][44]. Core Views - The report highlights the increasing pressure on corporate earnings in the short term, with a focus on the potential for export recovery in the coming year [9][10]. - The real estate sector is facing downward pressure, but there are expectations for policy support to alleviate burdens on homebuyers [11]. - The non-bank financial sector is experiencing an optimized market structure, with high growth potential in the securities industry [15]. - The banking sector is expected to see accelerated valuation reassessment driven by strong allocation forces [17]. - The new energy sector is at a bottoming phase, with attention on marginal changes in new technologies [20]. - The machinery sector is approaching mass production of humanoid robots, focusing on core supply chain targets [25]. - The military industry is expected to improve, with a focus on military trade, internal installations, and military-to-civilian transitions [27]. - The light industry is emphasizing opportunities in overseas manufacturing and high-quality domestic consumption [30]. Summary by Sections Real Estate - The real estate sector is under increasing downward pressure, particularly in core cities, with expectations for policy measures to lower home purchase thresholds [11]. - Key companies like Green City China and Jianfa International Group are highlighted for their strong land acquisition and sales performance, with projected net profits for 2025-2027 [12][14]. Non-Bank Financial - The securities industry is expected to maintain high growth, with significant improvements in insurance companies' performance [15][16]. - New China Life Insurance is noted for its leading elasticity and potential for growth in the equity market [16]. Banking - The report emphasizes the ongoing valuation repair in the banking sector, particularly for large state-owned banks and city commercial banks [17][19]. - Bank of Communications is highlighted for its low PB valuation compared to peers, indicating potential for significant upside [19]. New Energy - The new energy sector is identified as having established a bottom, with a focus on solar, storage, and lithium battery technologies [20][21]. - Companies like Sunshine Power and Siling Co. are recommended for their growth potential in the energy storage market [22][23]. Machinery - The humanoid robot sector is approaching mass production, with companies like Hengli Hydraulic expected to benefit from this trend [25][26]. Military - The military sector is projected to see upward trends in military trade and civilian applications of military technology [27][28]. Light Industry - The report emphasizes the importance of overseas manufacturing and high-quality domestic consumption opportunities, with companies like Simor International and Aorijin highlighted for their growth potential [30][32][34]. Environmental - The environmental sector is expected to benefit from carbon reduction policies and overseas expansion opportunities, with companies like Huanlan Environment and Ice Wheel Environment noted for their growth prospects [35][40][41].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" and maintained [6] Core Insights - The report highlights a two-year lag in the domestic AI capital expenditure (Capex) cycle compared to overseas trends, with a significant increase expected in 2024 [3][4] - Domestic leading cloud providers, such as Alibaba Cloud, are anticipated to see revenue growth starting from the second half of 2024, reflecting the returns on AI investments [4][35] - The report predicts a substantial increase in token consumption in the domestic market by 2026, aligning with the overseas growth patterns [5][40] Summary by Sections Overseas Observation - The overseas AI industry has a three-stage cycle from Capex investment in 2023, revenue growth for cloud vendors in 2024, to token explosion in 2025 [3][11] - High Capex investments are primarily directed towards model training, which is costly and resource-intensive [19][22] Domestic Observation - Domestic major players are expected to officially start their AI Capex cycle in the second half of 2024, with a one-year delay compared to overseas counterparts [4][31] - Revenue growth for leading domestic cloud providers like Alibaba Cloud is projected to rebound from a low of 3% to 26% year-on-year by late 2024 [4][35] Domestic Forecast - The report anticipates that the domestic token explosion will occur in 2026, with current token consumption not showing significant growth compared to overseas trends [5][40] - As coding and multimodal models mature, downstream application scenarios are expected to open up, leading to increased demand for high-quality tokens [5][40]

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" and is maintained [7]. Core Views - The company reported a revenue of HKD 34.48 billion for the first half of the 2025/26 fiscal year, a decrease of 1.8% year-on-year. The net profit attributable to shareholders was HKD 1.334 billion, down 24.2% year-on-year. Free cash flow reached HKD 2.6 billion, an increase of approximately 17% year-on-year. The interim dividend per share remained unchanged at HKD 0.15 [2][4]. Summary by Sections Revenue and Profitability - The total gas sales volume increased by 1.7%, with natural gas sales revenue at HKD 20.38 billion, up 3.8% year-on-year. However, engineering design and installation revenue decreased by 5.2% to HKD 3.16 billion, and liquefied petroleum gas sales revenue fell by 12.3% to HKD 8.38 billion [7]. - The average procurement price for gas was HKD 2.63 per cubic meter, unchanged year-on-year, while the average gross margin was HKD 0.58 per cubic meter, a slight decrease of HKD 0.01 year-on-year [7]. Customer Pricing and Sales - As of September 2025, the cumulative proportion of residential gas price adjustments reached approximately 74%, with residential gas prices increasing from HKD 2.56 per cubic meter in the 2021/22 fiscal year to HKD 2.87 per cubic meter in the 2025/26 fiscal year [7]. - The average industrial customer gas price was HKD 3.28 per cubic meter, slightly down by HKD 0.02 year-on-year, while the commercial customer gas price was HKD 3.49 per cubic meter, a slight increase of HKD 0.03 year-on-year [7]. Cash Flow and Dividends - The company achieved a free cash flow of HKD 2.6 billion, reflecting a year-on-year increase of approximately 17%. The expected annual dividend per share is maintained at HKD 0.50, resulting in a current dividend yield of approximately 5.84% [7]. - The financing cost has decreased, with the average financing cost dropping from 3.84% in the previous fiscal year to 3.39% [7]. Customer Connections - The company added approximately 676,300 new residential connections in the first half of the fiscal year, a decrease of 25.2% year-on-year. The full-year guidance for new connections remains unchanged at 1 to 1.2 million [7]. - The performance contribution from connection and engineering segments has decreased to 16.0% [7]. Value-Added Services - The value-added services segment generated approximately HKD 1.015 billion in revenue, accounting for 30.0% of total revenue, with a year-on-year increase of 1.3% [7].

Investment Rating - The report has an investment rating of "Positive" and has been upgraded [13] Core Insights - The report provides a unique perspective on the gold mining supply history over the past century, analyzing it through four dimensions: quantity, efficiency, capital, and geological difficulty. It outlines a historical transition from "quantity dividends" to "technical dividends" and "capital dividends," ultimately leading to "geological constraints." The current supply system is shifting from "external drivers" to "internal constraints," fundamentally reshaping the long-term support logic for gold prices [3][9][11]. Summary by Sections Historical Supply Waves - The gold supply has undergone four distinct phases: 1. Quantity Dividend Period (1900-1970): Characterized by significant new discoveries, with over 300 new gold mines discovered every decade, leading to a production increase from 500 tons to 1200 tons [10][34]. 2. Efficiency Dividend Period (1970-2000): Technological advancements allowed for increased production despite declining ore grades, with annual production rising from 1200 tons to 1900 tons [10][38]. 3. Capital Dividend Period (2000-2012): Capital investments surged, with global mining capital expenditures rising from $11.3 billion to nearly $80 billion, boosting production from 2500 tons to 2900 tons [10][48]. 4. Geological Constraint Period (2012-Present): Geological conditions have become the primary constraint, with exploration depths increasing and average grades declining, leading to a systematic upward shift in the supply curve [10][54]. Future Supply Outlook - The global gold supply is expected to experience a fundamental shift, with a slight increase to 3694 tons in 2025 due to new projects in North America and Africa. However, from 2026 to 2028, a trend of supply contraction is anticipated, with annual growth rates projected to remain between -5% and 0%, leading to a total production drop to approximately 3500 tons by 2028 [11][77]. Supply Dynamics - The report emphasizes that the supply dynamics are transitioning from an expansion phase to a contraction phase, with geological constraints becoming the dominant factor. The average exploration depth has increased significantly, and the average grade has dropped to 0.35 g/t, leading to rising costs and declining production capacity [20][60]. Price Support Mechanism - The structural contraction in supply is expected to provide strong support for gold prices, as the historical mechanisms that led to significant price pullbacks due to supply surges are no longer effective. The report suggests that the rigid constraints on supply will fundamentally support gold prices moving forward [11][77].