01 华泰张继强：新开局下的叙事与主线【把握2026投资机会】 15:00-16:00 核心看点： AI投资热潮会否迎来关键验证？全球"财政扩张+货币配合"将如何搅动市场？国内新旧 动能转换能否进入"右侧开花结果"？明年我们能否等来企业盈利的实质性改善？ 嘉宾： 张继强丨华泰证券研究所所长，总量研究负责人，固收首席分析师 扫码预约 02 中金陈健恒：中美新老经济分化加剧，债牛趋势更为确定 16:00-17:00 核心看点 ： 聚焦三大核心驱动力：出口放量，核电资本开支加速与技术升级，以及AI数据中心用电 结构变革。 嘉宾： 廖启华丨瑞银大中华区能源转型及新能源行业研究主管 严亦舒丨瑞银证券中国公共事业及新能源行业分析师 利林海丨瑞银证券中国公共事业及新能源行业分析师 徐宾丨瑞银证券中国研究部总监 核心看点： 中美新老经济分化加剧，股牛和债牛并不对立。全球财政政策持续宽松后，面临制约的 情况下，货币政策有望接力放松，且全球货币政策空间依然较为充足。中国今年在贸易顺差和财政 赤字创新高的情况下，经济和股市有支撑，明年这两个因素的同比拉动减弱，债券利率将重新加快 回落速度。在全球贸易和地缘和各国政策摩擦性增加的情况 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Core Viewpoints - In October 2025, economic data growth slowed down overall under a high base, with both supply and demand sides weakening synchronously, and growth in industry, investment, consumption, and exports all decelerating. The transformation between old and new drivers continued, with service consumption and high - end manufacturing remaining resilient, showing a characteristic of "traditional sectors under pressure, emerging sectors providing support". There was a divergence between volume and price performance, and it may be difficult to sustainably drive industrial product prices. The window for interest rate cuts is expected to open from the fourth quarter of this year to the first quarter of next year. Instead of speculating on the timing of interest rate cuts, it is advisable to seize the opportunity to take action before the implementation [2][8][9]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Industrial Production - In October, the year - on - year growth rate of industrial added value dropped to 4.9%, 1.6 percentage points lower than the previous value and lower than market expectations. The month - on - month growth rate of 0.17% was also weaker than the seasonal level, affected by the high - base effect, fewer working days, and weakening external demand orders. The year - on - year growth rate of export delivery value turned negative to - 2.1%. In terms of sectors, the year - on - year growth rate of the mining industry decreased by 1.9 percentage points to 4.5%, and the manufacturing industry had the greatest drag, with its year - on - year growth rate decreasing by 2.4 percentage points to 4.9%. However, high - end manufacturing showed outstanding performance, with the added value of the automobile and railway, ship equipment manufacturing industries increasing by 16.8% and 15.2% year - on - year respectively, and the computer and communication equipment manufacturing industry growing by 8.9% [5][8][9]. Investment - In October, the year - on - year growth rate of single - month fixed - asset investment dropped to - 11%, the lowest since March 2020. Private investment declined at an accelerated pace, with the year - on - year decline in single - month investment widening by 7.9 percentage points to - 16.8%. Infrastructure and real estate were the main drags, pulling down the year - on - year growth rate by 3.6 and 3.0 percentage points respectively. The year - on - year decline in single - month real estate investment widened to - 23.2%, and the declines in sales area and amount widened to - 19.6% and - 25.1% respectively. Insufficient funds for real estate enterprises restricted the start and completion of projects, and construction and installation projects pulled down the year - on - year growth rate of fixed - asset investment by 7 percentage points. The year - on - year decline in single - month investment in broad - based infrastructure widened to - 12.1%, and it remains to be seen whether the investment of policy - based financial instruments will translate into physical work. The year - on - year growth rate of single - month investment in the manufacturing industry decreased by 4.7 percentage points to - 6.7%. Weak domestic demand and tariff uncertainties inhibited corporate capital expenditures, but investment in equipment and tools still maintained a relatively high growth rate of 6.9%, indicating that equipment renewal policies still played a supporting role [8][9]. Consumption - In October, the year - on - year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods slightly decreased to 2.9%. On the one hand, it was affected by the weakening of automobile sales, with the year - on - year growth rate of retail sales of automobiles at - 6.6%. After excluding automobiles, the year - on - year growth rate of total retail sales of consumer goods was 4.0%, 0.8 percentage points faster than in September. On the other hand, household appliances also had a negative impact, with the consumption amount decreasing by 14.6% year - on - year, possibly due to the fading effect of "trade - in" subsidies and the high - base effect. Service consumption showed resilience, with the year - on - year growth rate of catering revenue rising to 3.8%, and the cumulative growth rate of service retail sales from January to October accelerating to 5.3%, 0.9 percentage points higher than the growth rate of retail sales of goods during the same period. The holiday economy drove the recovery of consumption related to culture, sports, entertainment, and tourism. In terms of structure, demand for durable goods such as gold and silver jewelry (37.6%) and communication equipment (23.2%) was strong, but consumption in the automobile and real - estate chains remained sluggish, and the recovery of domestic demand was uneven [8][9]. Price and Policy Outlook - In October, the narrowing decline of PPI indicated an improvement in prices, but the industrial added value after excluding price factors weakened significantly, and fixed - asset investment had been negative for four consecutive months. There was a divergence between volume and price performance, and it may be difficult to sustainably drive industrial product prices. If the "volume" further slows down, the actual improvement and sustainability of prices may be limited. In this context, the necessity of increasing monetary policy support may rise. The window for interest rate cuts is expected to open from the fourth quarter of this year to the first quarter of next year. It is expected that the yield of the active 10 - year treasury bond (tax - free) will decline to 1.65% - 1.7% this year, and the yield of the taxable bond will decline to 1.7% - 1.75% [8][9].

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the importance of strengthening the real economy, with a focus on technological self-reliance and promoting domestic demand as key tasks [2][4][6] - Consumption promotion is not merely about increasing the production of new consumer goods but involves creating more opportunities for consumption through market liberalization and public services [2][9][12] Group 1: Economic Strategy - The plan prioritizes the reinforcement of the manufacturing sector as a foundation for economic development, with technology as a crucial driver for new economic momentum [4][5][15] - The shift from investment-driven growth to a dual-engine model of investment and demand is highlighted as a significant strategic adjustment [4][6] Group 2: Consumption Dynamics - Current consumer spending in China is approximately 37%, significantly lower than the 50% target and 70% in developed countries, indicating a need for structural changes in consumption patterns [7][10] - The focus on service consumption is increasing, with a call for a balanced approach that respects individual needs and promotes diverse consumption opportunities [8][10] Group 3: Social and Cultural Factors - Encouraging personal pursuits and cultural activities, such as street dancing and singing, is seen as essential for stimulating consumption and creating a vibrant economic cycle [2][12][13] - Addressing social concerns, such as healthcare and education, is crucial for boosting consumer confidence and spending [11][12] Group 4: Technological and Industrial Development - The plan aims to leverage new productive forces to lead various industries towards modernization, emphasizing the integration of technology into traditional sectors [15][18] - The importance of maintaining a complete industrial chain and self-sufficiency in technology and resources is underscored as a response to global competition [19]

事件点评 2025 年 11 月 16 日 经济短期回落，政策发力下全年经济发展目标可期 固定收益研究团队 ——2025 年 10 月经济数据点评 陈曦（分析师） 王帅中（联系人） chenxi2@kysec.cn 证书编号：S0790521100002 wangshuaizhong@kysec.cn 证书编号：S0790125070016 事件：国家统计局公布 2025 年 10 月经济数据，规上工增当月同比增长 4.9%（前 值为+6.5%，下同），环比增长 0.17%（+0.64%）；社零当月同比增长 2.9%（+3.0%）， 固投累计同比减少 1.7%（-0.5%）。 10 月生产消费短期回落的可能原因 10 月规模以上工业增加值同比环比均有所回落。10 月生产端受双节假期前部分 需求提前释放，企业为应对节前备货而提前安排生产，叠加中美关系再度紧张对 制造业出口的扰动及工作日数量减少的影响，规模以上工业增加值同比环比均有 所下滑。此前公布的 PMI 数据中已有显示，10 月制造业生产指数为 49.7%，5 月以来首次落入收缩区间，同时 10 月出口自 2025 年 3 月以来首次负增长，两项 数据已对 ...

Economic Overview - In October, some economic indicators showed a downward trend due to last year's high base, deep adjustments in the real estate sector, and weak domestic demand [2][6] - Despite the downturn, there were positive signs such as a rebound in service retail sales driven by the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holidays, indicating significant consumption potential [2][6] Industrial Performance - The industrial added value for October grew by 4.9% year-on-year, a decline of 1.6 percentage points from the previous month, marking the lowest monthly growth this year [6][12] - The manufacturing sector is transitioning towards high-end production, with equipment manufacturing increasing by 8%, outpacing overall industrial growth [6][10] Investment Trends - From January to October, fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) decreased by 1.7%, with infrastructure investment down by 0.1% and real estate development investment down by 14.7% [7][14] - High-tech sectors such as aerospace and information services saw significant investment growth, with aerospace manufacturing up by 19.7% and information services up by 32.7% [7][12] Trade Dynamics - In October, the total import and export volume grew by 0.1% year-on-year, with exports declining by 0.8% and imports increasing by 1.4% [8][9] - The trade growth slowdown was attributed to last year's high base, with some exports delayed from September due to typhoons [9][10] Policy Measures - The government is implementing policies to enhance the adaptability of supply and demand in consumer goods, aiming to stimulate consumption and investment [3][13] - Recent policies include the introduction of 500 billion yuan in new policy financial tools and the acceleration of local government bond usage to support effective investment [13][14] Economic Outlook - Despite the challenges, the overall economic operation remains stable, with a GDP growth of 5.2% in the first three quarters, laying a solid foundation for achieving the annual target of around 5% [12][15] - Analysts suggest that additional policy measures may be necessary to counteract weak demand and support economic recovery, particularly in the real estate sector [14][15]

Economic Overview - In October, economic indicators showed a downward trend due to factors such as last year's high base, deep adjustments in the real estate sector, and weak domestic demand [1][4] - Despite the downturn, there were positive signs in the economy, particularly in service retail sales, which rebounded due to the National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holidays, indicating significant consumption potential [1][11] Production and Investment - The industrial added value and service production index both recorded their lowest monthly growth rates of the year in October, with industrial added value growing by 4.9%, down 1.6 percentage points from the previous month [5][11] - Fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) decreased by 1.7% year-on-year from January to October, with infrastructure investment down by 0.1% and real estate development investment down by 14.7% [6][12] Trade and Exports - In October, the total import and export volume grew by only 0.1%, with exports declining by 0.8% and imports increasing by 1.4%, reflecting a significant drop in growth compared to previous months [7][11] Policy Measures - The State Council is implementing measures to enhance the adaptability of supply and demand in consumer goods, aiming to stimulate consumption and improve project funding arrangements [2][12] - Recent policies include the accelerated deployment of 500 billion yuan in new policy financial tools and the utilization of 500 billion yuan in local government debt limits to boost effective investment [12][14] Economic Challenges and Outlook - The economy faces challenges from weak domestic demand and structural issues, necessitating stronger growth policies to reverse the current downward trend and promote recovery [13][14] - Despite the pressures, achieving the annual growth target of around 5% remains likely, with expectations for further fiscal and monetary policy support in the coming months [13][14]

Group 1: Economic Transition Insights - China is in a critical phase of economic transition, where the shift from old to new growth drivers is essential for overcoming growth bottlenecks and achieving high-quality development[1] - By 2027, emerging industries are expected to surpass traditional industries in terms of value added, with a projected value of approximately CNY 17.5 trillion for old industries and CNY 14.3 trillion for new industries in 2024[2] - The financial restructuring accompanying industrial transformation has been effective, with the non-performing loan ratio of major banks remaining stable compared to the previous transition period (1998-2002) when it exceeded 25%[2] Group 2: Employment and Structural Changes - Emerging industries have limited direct employment absorption capacity, with the construction industry employing between 12 to 20 million people, significantly outpacing the 6 million in high-tech manufacturing sectors[2] - The service sector's employment share is expected to structurally increase, which may take a longer time to address structural employment issues[2] - The transition from old to new economic drivers is characterized by a gradual shift in employment dynamics, requiring the widespread adoption of new business models and scenarios[2] Group 3: Industry Development Trends - Key emerging sectors such as semiconductors, software development, and maritime equipment are identified as future pillars of the economy, transitioning from "technological breakthroughs" to "commercial realization" phases[3] - The analysis of export comparative advantage indicates significant potential in sectors like optical instruments and chip manufacturing, which are crucial for national strategic goals[3] - The industrial lifecycle analysis shows that industries like software development and gaming are in a growth phase, with capital expenditure focused on technological upgrades and revenue growth[3]

Economic Overview - Domestic demand growth is slowing, but the quality of growth is expected to improve[6] - Fixed asset investment cumulative year-on-year decreased from -0.5% to -1.7%, slightly below expectations[6] - Real estate development investment has a cumulative year-on-year decline of over -14%[6] Consumption Insights - Retail sales cumulative year-on-year increased by 0.8% compared to the end of last year, indicating resilience in consumer spending[6] - Consumption in sectors like beverages, tobacco, and cosmetics improved by 7.9%, 2.5%, and 1% respectively, while home appliances and automobiles saw declines of -14.6% and -6.6%[6] Export and Production Trends - Export delivery value decreased by -2.1% year-on-year, significantly lower than the previous value of 3.8%[6] - Industrial added value decreased from 6.5% to 4.9% year-on-year, reflecting a slowdown in production[6] Policy and Investment Outlook - New policy financial tools totaling 500 billion yuan have been fully deployed, expected to drive total project investment of about 7 trillion yuan[6] - The government's commitment to support the economy remains strong, despite the time lag in policy effects[6] Risk Factors - The rapid changes in industry dynamics due to "anti-involution" may lead to employment pressures[6]

Economic Overview - Economic indicators have shown a decline in October due to external uncertainties, reduced working days, and elevated year-on-year bases, but the economy remains above target levels, leading to a moderate policy support stance [1][2] - The export growth rate in October dropped significantly to -1.1% from 8.3% in the previous month, with industrial export delivery value declining by 2.1% year-on-year [1][2] - Manufacturing investment growth slowed by 1.3 percentage points to 2.7% from January to October [1] Demand Side Analysis - Consumer demand showed resilience, with retail sales growing by 2.9% year-on-year in October, slightly better than market expectations [1] - Restaurant revenue increased by 3.8% year-on-year in October, up 2.9 percentage points from the previous month, while durable goods consumption growth slowed [1] Investment Trends - Fixed asset investment growth decreased by 1.2 percentage points to -1.7% from January to October, with infrastructure investment also slowing to -0.1% [2] - Real estate development investment saw a larger decline of 0.8 percentage points to -14.7%, indicating ongoing challenges in the sector [2] Supply Side Analysis - Industrial value-added growth fell by 1.6 percentage points to 4.9% in October, while the service production index decreased by 1.0 percentage points to 4.6% [2] - Despite the decline, cumulative growth rates for industrial and service sectors remain above last year's figures [2] Policy Response - Current policies are characterized by moderate implementation, with limited likelihood of significant increases in policy measures this year [3] - The central bank emphasizes providing ample liquidity for the real economy while balancing short-term growth stabilization and long-term structural adjustments [3] Fiscal Measures - Recent fiscal policies include the allocation of 500 billion yuan to local governments to enhance financial capacity, with specific funds directed towards investment projects [3] - The Ministry of Finance has outlined six key areas for future fiscal policy, including boosting consumption and supporting local government bonds [3] Private Investment Initiatives - The State Council has introduced measures to promote private investment, focusing on easing market access and supporting private projects in emerging sectors [4] - These initiatives aim to optimize investment structures and enhance the flow of private capital into new productive areas [4]

Core Insights - The economic indicators for October showed a downward trend due to factors such as last year's high base, deep adjustments in the real estate sector, and weak domestic demand [1][3][4] - Despite the challenges, there are positive signs in the economy, particularly in service retail sales and the manufacturing of high-tech products [1][4][9] - The need for stronger growth policies is increasing to counteract the current economic pressures and promote recovery [1][12][13] Economic Performance - In October, the industrial added value and service production index both recorded their lowest monthly growth rates of the year, with industrial added value growing by 4.9%, down 1.6 percentage points from the previous month, and service production index growing by 4.6%, down 1 percentage point [3][4] - Fixed asset investment from January to October decreased by 1.7%, with infrastructure investment down by 0.1% and real estate development investment down by 14.7% [5][11] - The total retail sales of consumer goods in October grew by 2.9%, marking the lowest monthly growth rate of the year [4][5] Sectoral Analysis - High-tech manufacturing sectors, such as equipment manufacturing, saw an increase of 8%, indicating a shift towards mid-to-high-end manufacturing [4][7] - Investment in high-tech fields, including new energy and artificial intelligence, is expanding, with aerospace and information services seeing significant growth rates of 19.7% and 32.7%, respectively [5][11] - The disparity between high-tech industries and traditional sectors is widening, with high-tech manufacturing and services showing robust growth while traditional sectors face challenges [7][12] Policy Implications - The introduction of 500 billion yuan in new policy financial tools and another 500 billion yuan in local debt limits is aimed at stabilizing the economy, although the effects are expected to take time to materialize [11][12] - There is a call for additional fiscal measures to support consumer spending and investment, particularly in the real estate sector, to prevent further declines [12][13] - The overall economic stability is seen as a foundation for achieving the annual growth target of around 5% [9][12]