2017 投资咨询业务资格:证监许可【2012】31号 ITC国贸期货 世界500强投资企业 E 突期货有限公司 流的衍生品综合服务商 D778 - 服 热 官 方 线 网 www.itf.com.cn 400-8888-598 市 市 站 需 有 课 风 慎 脸 fet ITG国贸期货 贵金属数据日报 | 国贸期货研究院 | | | | | | | 投资咨询号: Z0013700 | | 2025/5/27 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 宏观金融研究中心 白素娜 | | | | | | | 人业资格号:F3023916 | | | | 伦敦银现 内外盘金 (美元/盎司) | 日期 | 伦敦金现 (美元/盎司) | | COMEX更令 (美元/盎司) | COMEX白银 (美元/盎司) | AU2508 (元/克) | AG2508 (元/千克) | AU (T+D) (元/克) | AG (T+D) (元/千克) | | 银15点价 | | | | | | | | | | | 格厨房 | 2025/5/26 ...

2025年5月美元汇率大幅下跌，主要原因可归结为以下六个方面： 1. 财政赤字与信用风险加剧 美国国会通过的新减税法案预计未来十年新增数万亿美元财政赤字，叠加穆迪等评级机构调降美国主权 及银行信用评级，市场对美债可持续性担忧加剧。这一背景下，美国国债拍卖遇冷，5月22日20年期国 债拍卖需求疲软，长期收益率大幅飙升，反映投资者要求更高风险溢价，直接拖累美元指数跌破99关 口。 2. 关税政策冲击全球信心 特朗普公开施压美联储大幅降息，甚至威胁解雇主席鲍威尔，引发市场对货币发行政治化的担忧。这种 干预动摇了美元信用基础，部分投资者认为美联储可能丧失抑制通胀的能力，加剧美元抛售潮。同期美 债收益率曲线陡峭化，10年期国债收益率突破4.5%，显示市场对长期通胀预期升温。 4. 全球去美元化进程加速 中国、俄罗斯等国家推动本币结算和黄金储备多元化，叠加美国滥用金融制裁导致美元资产信任度下 降。IMF数据显示人民币购买力平价被显著低估（3.55元/1美元），促使国际资本重新配置资产。5月美 元指数较年初累计下跌11.1%，创2005年以来最差开局。 5. 美元套利逻辑逆转 日本央行加息至0.25%并缩减超长期国债购买， ...

Core Viewpoint - The "one big beautiful bill" passed in the House on May 22, with a potential Senate vote in June, aims to significantly increase the U.S. fiscal deficit over the next decade, addressing structural issues like income inequality and re-industrialization, while also facing global geopolitical competition [1] Group 1: Legislative Impact - The bill includes tax cuts, spending reductions, an increase in the debt ceiling, and policies related to defense and immigration [1] - A combined version of the bill is expected to be completed by July 4, aligning with Trump's expectations [1] Group 2: Fiscal Implications - The legislation is likely to lead to a substantial increase in the U.S. fiscal deficit over the next ten years [1] - The U.S. may not have the objective conditions to effectively reduce the deficit in the medium to long term due to structural issues [1] Group 3: Market Reactions - Following the increase in the debt ceiling, a wave of U.S. debt issuance is anticipated between July and September [1] - This situation may compel the U.S. to accelerate monetary and financial policy adjustments, such as initiating quantitative easing (QE) and expediting SLR exemptions to provide liquidity to the U.S. debt market [1]

本 文摘自：2025年5月26日发布的 宏观扰动再起，金属价格震荡运行 于嘉懿 ，资格证书编号： S0880522080001 刘小华 ，资格证书编号： S0880523120003 报告导读： 特朗普全面减税法案的最终落地、以及其关税威胁均存在不确定性，市场情 绪反复之下，金价或呈现震荡。国内宏观利好频出，或将对冲部分海外影响，不过仍需 关注淡季下游需求反馈，工业品价格预计震荡运行。 周期研判： 特朗普全面减税法案，在美众议院预算委员会获得通过，引发市场对于美财政赤字担忧，且特 朗普再度发动对欧盟等关税威胁，市场避险情绪上升，金价上行。然该法案的最终落地、以及特朗普关税 威胁均存在不确定性，市场情绪反复之下，金价或呈现震荡。同时国内宏观方面利好频出，或将对冲部分 海外影响，进入传统淡季，需关注下游对工业金属需求反馈，工业品价格预计震荡运行。 贵金属：市场情绪反复，金价或延续震荡。 5 月 22 日，美国总统特朗普的全面减税法案，在美国众议院 获得通过，引发市场对于美财政赤字的担忧，长期美债遭遇抛售，叠加周五特朗普提出对欧盟、苹果、三 星加征关税，美股下跌、美元指数单周下跌约 2% 。同时，据美国有线电视新闻 ...

Group 1 - The focus of funds has shifted from monetary policy and growth risks to fiscal deficits and turmoil in the bond market, with significant declines in long-term government bonds in Japan and the US raising concerns about rising capital costs [1][3] - The Japanese government bond (JGB) market has seen a rare surge in attention, with the 30-year bond yield reaching levels not seen since 1999, driven by factors such as poor auction results and heavy government debt burdens [3][4] - The absence of life insurance companies in the bond market has played a critical role in the turmoil, as rising inflation has diminished their interest in long-term bonds, despite the government's efforts to reduce issuance [3][4] Group 2 - The US Senate narrowly passed a tax bill that could increase the national debt ceiling by $4 trillion, leading to a sharp decline in US Treasury bonds, with the 30-year yield approaching a 20-year high of 5.1% [5][6] - The US national debt has surged by $13 trillion in the last five years, raising concerns about sustainability, with projections indicating that the debt could reach $36 trillion by the end of Trump's presidency [5][6] - The ratio of US debt to GDP is quickly approaching the 120% warning threshold, with major rating agencies downgrading the US's top sovereign credit rating, although the government is still able to meet its debt obligations due to the Federal Reserve's support [6][7] Group 3 - The upcoming focus will be on the long-term bond trends in the US and Japan, particularly whether the long-term yields have peaked in the short term, with the Federal Reserve's May meeting minutes expected to provide insights into rising risks of high unemployment and inflation [7]

Group 1 - The report indicates a negative sentiment in the U.S. stock market, with the S&P 500 down by 2.6% and the Nasdaq and Dow Jones both down by 2.5% during the week, reflecting a broader market decline [4][9]. - The U.S. long-term bond yields have risen, with the 10-year Treasury yield increasing by 8 basis points, indicating a shift in market focus from tariffs to fiscal policy, which is expected to impact bond market trading [3][4]. - The geopolitical risks are highlighted, particularly with Israel's plans to strike Iranian nuclear facilities, which have heightened market risk aversion and contributed to the weakness in U.S. stocks [2][4]. Group 2 - The report suggests that the U.S. stock market is likely to continue experiencing volatility in the short term, primarily due to rising long-term bond yields around 4.5%, which may suppress stock valuations [2][4]. - In the medium to long term, the market is expected to return to a focus on economic fundamentals and corporate earnings resilience, supported by potential interest rate cuts from the Federal Reserve as inflation declines [2][4]. - The report notes that the recent passage of Trump's "Big Beautiful Bill," which includes tax cuts and regulatory rollbacks, is anticipated to increase fiscal deficits significantly, raising concerns about fiscal sustainability [3][4]. Group 3 - The report highlights that the global stock ETF inflows have slowed, with a net inflow of $6.8 billion into U.S. stock ETFs, while emerging markets, particularly China, have seen significant outflows [6][27]. - The report indicates that gold ETFs have seen mixed activity, with some funds like SPDR Gold Trust experiencing inflows, while others like iShares Gold Trust have seen outflows, reflecting changing investor sentiment towards gold [6][23]. - The report emphasizes that the market is currently in a state of cautious optimism regarding Hong Kong stocks, with the Hang Seng Index showing a 1.1% increase, although overall pressure remains [6][12].

一般情况下，日本银行会对债市进行干预，不过主要聚焦在十年期国债。日本银行对超长期债市的干预 仅仅是象征性的。从去年开始，日本央行便致力于货币环境正常化，但是庞大的套利交易盘成为政策执 行的巨大掣肘。如今市场主动调整，正中央行下怀，所以日本银行乐得作壁上观，让市场通过收益率的 变化自己去解决供需错配问题。 日本超长债市上，借贷杠杆不是特别高，衍生产品也不多。所以价格动荡会导致投资的账面亏损，但未 必触发系统性风险。尤其日本央行在十年期国债市场还有相当的影响力，笔者认为这次市场突变不会对 日本金融体系构成很大的系统性风险，但可能对全球资金结构和流向带来重大变数。 日本是世界上最大的储蓄国，但由于长期的超低利率环境，日资多投向海外资产，对日本经济和日元资 产帮助有限。从政策制定者的角度，当然希望引导日资回流，改善本国的资金流动性。现在日本本币的 长期收益率明显上涨，而美债收益率扣除汇率对冲成本后已经不再有吸引力。日本在海外拥有超过1000 万亿日元的净资产，这笔资金部分回流对全球金融市场都可能是一个冲击。 这次市场突变不会对日本金融体系构成很大的系统性风险，但可能对全球资金结构和流向带来重大变 数。 资金将焦点从货 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core View of the Report - Last week, precious metal prices showed a volatile and slightly stronger trend. The prices of gold and silver were boosted by Moody's downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating, which weakened the US dollar index and increased global market risk aversion. Meanwhile, the tax reform bill promoted by US President Trump in Congress raised concerns about the expansion of the fiscal deficit. Trump's tariff threat on Friday further boosted precious metal prices [3][6]. - The US - EU trade negotiation is ongoing. Trump initially claimed to impose a 50% tariff on EU goods starting from June 1, but later postponed the deadline to July 9. Japan is considering accepting a US tariff reduction, and India and the US are discussing a "three - stage" trade agreement expected to reach a temporary agreement by early July [3][6]. - Although the US - China trade relationship has recently eased, there is still great uncertainty in the trade negotiations between the US and other economies such as the EU and Japan. The global economic outlook remains unclear, and geopolitical risks occur frequently. Investors tend to seek more stable asset allocations, so the short - term gold price is expected to maintain a volatile and slightly stronger trend [3][8]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Last Week's Trading Data | Contract | Closing Price | Change | Change Rate (%) | Total Volume (Lots) | Total Open Interest (Lots) | Price Unit | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | SHFE Gold | 780.10 | 28.30 | 3.76 | 220512 | 178255 | Yuan/gram | | Shanghai Gold T + D | 775.72 | 21.63 | 2.87 | 48148 | 210456 | Yuan/gram | | COMEX Gold | 3357.70 | 152.40 | 4.75 | - | - | US dollars/ounce | | SHFE Silver | 8263 | 162 | 2.00 | 522479 | 634627 | Yuan/kilogram | | Shanghai Silver T + D | 8244 | 131 | 1.61 | 372524 | 3454112 | Yuan/kilogram | | COMEX Silver | 33.64 | 1.21 | 3.73 | - | - | US dollars/ounce | [4] 3.2 Market Analysis and Outlook - The precious metal prices showed a volatile and slightly stronger trend last week due to Moody's downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating, the tax reform bill, and Trump's tariff threat [3][6]. - The US - EU trade negotiation is in progress. Trump postponed the tariff deadline for the EU to July 9. Japan may accept a US tariff reduction, and India and the US are expected to reach a temporary trade agreement by early July [3][6]. - The tax reform bill led by Trump will increase the federal debt by about $3.8 trillion in the next decade, causing concerns about fiscal sustainability and global bond market fluctuations. The bill will face challenges in the Senate vote [6]. - Fed officials emphasized patience in policy adjustment. The market expects a 90% probability of an ECB interest rate cut next month [6][7]. - Geopolitical risks include the ongoing Russia - Ukraine conflict negotiation and the "Gideon's Sword" operation by the Israeli Defense Forces [7]. - This week, focus on US economic data such as GDP and PCE, and events like the US trade negotiations, the Fed's May meeting minutes, and speeches by Fed officials [8]. 3.3 Important Data Information - In May, the US manufacturing PMI reached a three - month high of 52.3, and the service PMI was 52.3, with new orders growing at the fastest rate in a year. However, manufacturing export orders contracted for the second consecutive month, and the employment index declined [9]. - As of the week ending May 17, the number of initial jobless claims in the US decreased by 2000 to 227,000, a four - week low, indicating a stable employment market [9]. - In May, the eurozone manufacturing PMI improved slightly to 49.2, but the service PMI dropped to 48.9, a 16 - month low, dragging down the composite PMI to 49.5. The money market increased bets on further ECB interest rate cuts this year [9]. - In April, US new home sales reached the highest level since February 2022, with an annualized growth of nearly 11% to 743,000 units [9]. - In April, Japan's core CPI rose 3.5% year - on - year, and the price of rice increased by 98%, which may prompt the Bank of Japan to raise interest rates in October [10]. - In April, China's gold imports reached 127.5 metric tons, a 73% increase, a new high in 11 months [10]. - As of May 20, the total gold holdings of precious metal ETFs were 922.46 tons, an increase of 3.73 tons from last week. The silver holdings of ishare were 14217.50 tons, an increase of 302.60 tons from last week [10]. 3.4 Relevant Data Charts - The content provides multiple charts including SHFE and COMEX precious metal prices, inventory changes, non - commercial net long positions, and the relationship between precious metal prices and other economic indicators such as the US dollar, inflation, and interest rates [14][15][16]

Group 1: U.S. Treasury Market Dynamics - U.S. Treasury yields have experienced significant volatility, with the 10-year yield surpassing 4.5% due to concerns over fiscal sustainability and inflation[2] - Since April 30, the 10-year Treasury yield has increased by 37 basis points (bps), with the term premium contributing 28 bps to this rise[2] - The term premium reached a new high of 0.9% by May 22, reflecting disturbances in fiscal, inflation, monetary, and trading factors[2] Group 2: Tax Legislation Impact - The "Beautiful Act" passed by the House of Representatives is expected to increase the deficit rate to approximately 8% by 2026, although its marginal economic contribution is limited[3] - The Act extends existing tax cuts, with about 80% of its provisions aimed at prolonging the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) measures, effective from January 1, 2026[3] - The projected increase in the deficit rate due to the Act is estimated at 1.8 percentage points, with a total deficit increase of around $3.3 trillion over the next decade[3] Group 3: Market Reactions and Asset Performance - The market has witnessed a "triple kill" in stocks, bonds, and currencies, with the Nasdaq down 2.5% and the 10-year Treasury yield rising by 8 bps to 4.51%[5] - The U.S. dollar index fell by 1.8% to 99.12, while gold prices surged by 5.0% to $3,351.0 per ounce amid market volatility[5] - The correlation between the U.S. fiscal deficit and Treasury yields remains stable, with a 1 percentage point increase in the deficit leading to an approximate 78 bps rise in the 10-year Treasury yield[3]

Group 1: Global Long-Term Interest Rates - Goldman Sachs predicts that global long-term interest rates will continue to rise, with the speed of this increase being crucial as it may trigger systemic risks in financial markets [1][2] - The current slow pace of interest rate increases has limited impacts on the stock market, but a rapid rise could lead to significant declines and tighten financial conditions [2][6] Group 2: United States - Concerns about the sustainability of the U.S. fiscal deficit are resurfacing, particularly with the new fiscal legislation that does not intend to reduce borrowing [3][4] - Goldman Sachs estimates that the yield on 30-year U.S. Treasury bonds could exceed 6%, driven by a combination of potential growth rates and persistent deficits [6][17] - The U.S. government is unlikely to reduce spending significantly, and any intervention by the Federal Reserve or Treasury may only provide temporary relief [5][6] Group 3: Europe - Weak economic data and escalating trade conflicts have led to expectations of a rate cut by the European Central Bank (ECB) in June, with inflation forecasts falling below targets [7][8] - The ECB is expected to lower growth and inflation projections, and a 25 basis point cut would bring the policy rate down to 2% [8][19] - Market reactions to potential rate cuts have been muted, indicating a cautious approach to future monetary policy [10][19] Group 4: United Kingdom - The UK's service sector inflation has exceeded expectations, providing justification for a more hawkish stance from the Bank of England [11][12] - Upcoming wage data will be critical in determining the future direction of monetary policy, with high wage growth potentially undermining rate cut expectations [12][19] - Despite high inflation, market responses have been relatively calm, suggesting that the potential for further rate cuts is already priced in [12][19] Group 5: Japan - Japan's long-term bond market is facing structural challenges as life insurance companies shift from being net buyers to net sellers of long-term bonds [13][15] - The Japanese government is increasing bond issuance while the Bank of Japan has not indicated any tightening measures, leading to concerns about rising long-term interest rates [15][20] - Upcoming bond auctions will be critical to monitor as they may reflect ongoing demand issues in the long-term bond market [16][20]