有色金属周报(锌) 多空僵持，沪锌区间整理 2025年5月26日 宏源期货研究所 010-8229 5006 祁玉蓉（F03100031, Z0021060） 摘要 | | 主要逻辑 | 本周观点 | 上周观点 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | |  | 宏观：中美贸易关系缓解，关税影响暂告一段落。 | | | |  | 原料端：维持趋松预期，目前国内炼厂原料库存27天左右， | | | | | 海外矿山虽有扰动，但影响较小。4月进口锌精矿大量到 | | | | | 港，进口矿达49万吨，部分OZ矿已运至国内，Kipushi矿 | | | | | 试单销售，Gamsberg、Antamina矿亦有招标，紫金矿业在 | | | | | 俄控股的Kyzyl-Tashtyg铅锌矿将取消原定于6月暂停运营 | 随着关税风波暂告一段落，锌价 | | | | 的计划，公司将维持矿山正常运转，矿端持续宽松。 | 走势回归基本面逻辑，当前锌市 | | |  | 成本利润：近期随着锌价重心下移，矿端对TC继续上调 | 供强需弱，库存处于相对低位， | | | | 意愿不高，预计6月TC调涨空间相对有 ...

Core Viewpoint - The easing of trade tensions between China and the U.S. is expected to support the resilience of foreign trade in the second quarter, but the future of economic negotiations remains uncertain due to escalating strategic competition between the two countries [1][12]. Group 1: Trade and Economic Impact - In April, China's exports to the U.S. decreased by 21% year-on-year, while imports fell by 14%, indicating a significant impact from the tariffs, but the overall trade balance was not completely disrupted [2]. - China's overall export growth in April was 8.1%, significantly higher than the market expectation of 2.0%, supported by increased exports to non-U.S. countries, such as a 21% increase to ASEAN [2]. - The industrial added value in April grew by 6.1% year-on-year, exceeding the market expectation of 5.5%, driven by resilient foreign trade [2]. Group 2: Economic Growth and Structural Changes - The high-tech manufacturing and digital product sectors showed strong performance, with year-on-year growth rates of 10% for both categories, indicating a shift towards industrial upgrading [3]. - Investment in high-tech services increased by 11.3% year-on-year from January to April, with information services seeing a remarkable 40.6% growth [3]. Group 3: Infrastructure Investment - Infrastructure investment (excluding electricity) grew by 5.8% year-on-year from January to April, supported by accelerated fiscal policies [4]. - Local government special bonds issuance reached 1.19 trillion yuan, a 65% increase year-on-year, indicating a proactive approach to funding infrastructure projects [4]. Group 4: Financial Market Resilience - The Chinese financial market demonstrated strong resilience, with the A-share market rebounding by 7.1% from its low in April, and the onshore and offshore RMB appreciating by 1.2% and 2.2% respectively [5][6]. - Despite the pressures from U.S. tariffs, foreign capital continued to show interest in Chinese assets, with net inflows into domestic bonds and stocks [6]. Group 5: Currency and Exchange Rate Dynamics - The RMB appreciated against the USD, but its real effective exchange rate index fell by 2.9% in April, indicating a passive appreciation that does not harm export competitiveness [8]. - The foreign exchange market remained stable, with banks reporting a surplus in foreign exchange settlement and sales, driven by increased willingness to settle in RMB [7]. Group 6: Consumer and Real Estate Market Trends - Consumer spending showed signs of weakness, with retail sales growth slowing to 5.1% in April, below market expectations, largely due to declining automobile sales [10]. - The real estate market faced challenges, with sales volume and value declining by 2.1% and 6.7% year-on-year, respectively, indicating a weakening demand [11].

Report Industry Investment Ratings - No specific industry investment ratings are provided in the report. Core Views - Cotton is expected to show a moderately strong upward trend in the short - to medium - term, especially during the Sino - US "honeymoon period" in May and June. However, caution is needed in July and August. The 09 contract is relatively strong, while the 01 contract may face supply pressure due to expected new cotton production. The price is also highly affected by macro factors [1]. - PTA is likely to operate under pressure. With the weakening of demand and the restart of some production enterprises, the PTA market may continue to be under pressure in the short term without new positive factors [2][3]. - Ethylene glycol is expected to trade in a range. Although the cost is decreasing and the supply - demand situation is favorable, there may be a price correction due to the rapid short - term increase [3]. - Short - fiber is expected to trade in a range. The price may be strong in the near term but weak in the long term due to the approaching terminal off - season and the end of upstream spring maintenance [4]. - Sugar is expected to trade sideways. Internationally, there are expectations of increased production in Brazil, while domestically, the market is influenced by both positive and negative factors [4][5]. - Apples are expected to trade at a high level. With low inventory, the price is likely to remain in a high - level range, although the market may be affected by the listing of seasonal fruits [5]. Summary by Related Catalogs Cotton - As of the end of April, the commercial inventory was 415 million tons, and the industrial inventory was 95 million tons. By the end of August, the commercial inventory is expected to be 155 million tons, lower than the same period last year and in 2023. The 09 contract is strong, and the new cotton in the 01 contract may lead to a supply increase. The short - to medium - term price is expected to rise, especially in May and June, but caution is needed in July and August. The price is affected by macro factors, and it is advisable to hedge at the rebound high [1]. - On May 22, the China Cotton Price Index was 14,621 yuan/ton, up 54 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. The cotton yarn index was 20,520 yuan/ton, unchanged from the previous day. The total cotton warehouse receipts were 11,757 (- 14) sheets [8]. - As of early May, Brazil's 2025 new cotton harvest has not started, with an expected total output of 3.95 million tons. In April, Brazil exported 239,000 tons of cotton, and the cumulative export volume this year is at a historical high [8]. - On May 22, the Xinjiang cotton road transportation price index was 0.1311 yuan/ton·km, down 1.35% month - on - month [8]. PTA - As of May 14, the average PTA processing margin was 390.88 yuan/ton, down 10.5% month - on - month and up 7.68% year - on - year. As of May 15, the weekly average PTA capacity utilization rate was 74.63%, down 0.35% month - on - month and up 4.68% year - on - year. The PTA output was 1.2967 million tons, a slight decrease from last week [8][9]. - The PTA market is under pressure due to weakening demand and the restart of production enterprises. The price is affected by factors such as crude oil and polyester production cuts [2][3]. Ethylene Glycol - The total ethylene glycol capacity utilization rate in China was 61.04%, down 2.42% month - on - month. The production was 368,300 tons, down 1.32% from last week [10][13]. - The price is expected to trade in a range. Although the cost is decreasing and the supply - demand situation is favorable, there may be a price correction [3]. Short - fiber - As of the 8th, the weekly output of domestic short - fiber was 166,900 tons, up 1.52% month - on - month, and the average capacity utilization rate was 88.24%, up 1.30% month - on - month. The average polymerization cost was 5,706.60 yuan/ton, up 7.35% month - on - month, and the industry cash flow was - 361.60 yuan/ton, down 86.41% month - on - month [11]. - The price is expected to be strong in the near term but weak in the long term due to the approaching terminal off - season and the end of upstream spring maintenance [4]. Sugar - The NFCSF expects India's 2024/25 sugar production to be about 2.611 million tons, lower than the previous season. The ISO has raised the global sugar shortage estimate for the 2024/25 season to 5.47 million tons. In April 2025, China imported 130,000 tons of sugar, and the cumulative import from January to April was 278,400 tons, a significant decrease year - on - year [12][13][14]. - The sugar price is expected to trade sideways. Internationally, there are expectations of increased production in Brazil, while domestically, the market is influenced by both positive and negative factors [4][5]. Apples - As of May 21, the total apple cold - storage inventory in the main production areas was 1.7085 million tons, down 242,500 tons from the previous week. The prices in Shaanxi Luochuan and Shandong Qixia are provided [15]. - Apples are expected to trade at a high level. With low inventory, the price is likely to remain in a high - level range, although the market may be affected by the listing of seasonal fruits [5]. Macro Information - Trump's tax - cut bill has passed the House of Representatives and will be reviewed by the Senate. The bill plans to cut taxes by over $4 trillion in the next decade and reduce spending by at least $1.5 trillion [8]. - The Eurozone's May manufacturing PMI improved slightly, but the service PMI declined significantly, dragging down the composite PMI. The market is increasing bets on the ECB to cut interest rates twice this year [8].

今年5月以来，汇率市场多空博弈态势加剧。以美元兑离岸人民币汇率为例，从4月中上旬的1美元兑7.42元人民币一路震荡下跌。5月21日，美元兑离岸人民 币再度跌破7.2元关口。 在这背后，中美贸易紧张局势缓和、国内释放经济稳增长信号、美联储政策转向预期升温。市场对于中国经济和资产的信心显著提升，支撑人民币汇率的因 素正在积聚。 中美谈判意外破冰，市场迎来"减压时刻" 在全球贸易保护主义阴云笼罩的背景下，5月12日，《中美日内瓦经贸会谈联合声明》一经发布，市场为之振奋。这份声明不仅标志着此次会谈取得了突破 性进展，更被市场视为全球贸易摩擦降温的关键信号。 贸易协议的走向主导着市场情绪并影响着人民币汇率的走势。渣打中国宏观策略主管刘洁就表示，短期美元对人民币有望下行，人民币中间价不排除进一步 调强至7.17-7.18，但未来人民币汇率仍将取决于中国经济状况和贸易谈判进展。 LPR、存款利率同步下调，国内政策支持增强 5月20日，新一期贷款市场报价利率（LPR）出炉，1年期LPR降至3%，5年期以上LPR降至3.5%，均较上一期下降10个基点，这是今年以来LPR首次下降。 同日，六大国有银行、招商银行等多家银行宣布下调 ...

棉纺策略日报 简要观点 ◆ 棉花：震荡偏强 国内目前供需形势，4 月底商业库存只有 415 万吨，工业库存 95 万吨， 按照后面每月 65 万吨消费的话，到了 8 月底商业库存只有 155 万吨， 去年同期是 214 万吨，23 年炒作商业库存偏紧的年份是 163 万吨，显 然今年比 23 年还紧张（紧张的原因，配额、进口棉少了，月消费量并 不低，新疆上了很多产能），今年现货基差一直偏强就是这个原因，棉 花基本面供应是偏紧的，涨跌还得看基本面形势，这是本年度的供应形 势，09 合约偏强，短中期上涨意愿概率大。但是到了 01 合约，新棉， 目前新疆种植面积或有所扩大，新疆新开垦的地 200 万亩，去年种植 番茄其他作物，应该都改种棉花，所以预计新棉丰产至 750 万吨，新 年度供应或宽松了些，因此棉价涨幅受到限制。目前短中期棉价上涨高 度 14000-14100，中美贸易战缓和，5、6 月国内会抢出口的，6 月 30 日美国国债到期不会出现幺蛾子，是中美蜜月期，所以后面认为还会上 涨，但是到了 7、8 月份要谨慎，主要是原因是，此时又怕中美谈判不 顺，会反复，届时会价格会有回落。就目前来看，远期国内丰产缓解紧 ...

晨报 铁矿石 铁矿石：地产数据偏弱 矿价波动加剧 整理 投资咨询业务资格： 从业资格号：F3059924 投资咨询号：Z0002978 电话：010-62688526 成 材：武秋婷 从业资格号：F3078638 投资咨询号：Z0018248 电话：010-62688555 从业资格号：F3038114 投资咨询号：Z0014834 电话：010-62688541 原材料： 冯艳成 从业资格号：F3059529 投资咨询号：Z0018932 电话：010-62688516 供应方面：外矿环比显著增加，整体同比降幅趋于收窄。5 月份是外矿发运旺季，主流矿 山预计发运保持平稳回升态势，供给端支撑力度边际减弱。 需求方面：国内需求整体处于历史同期高位区，铁水环比回落至 244.8（-0.87），短期需 求端见顶，国内终端需求进入淡季，但当前钢厂盈利率水平较高且出口端预期上修，预期铁水 将整体高位回落走势但下行斜率偏低，短期对价格影响程度尚不显著。 原材料：程 鹏 库存方面：从当前国内高企的需求水平来看，5 月份港口库存水平将保持相对平稳或偏向 于去化态势，但整体评估来看，库存整体处于高位，库存高位阶段性去库难以提供 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints The report objectively reflects the research views of futures and securities companies on various commodity varieties, tracks hot - spot varieties, analyzes market investment sentiment, and summarizes investment driving logics. It presents the market mainstream views on different asset classes, including their price trends, strategy viewpoints, and corresponding利多 and利空 logics [2]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Market Data - **Commodities**: From May 12 to May 16, 2025, ethylene glycol had the highest weekly increase of 5.74% among commodities, while gold had the largest decline of 4.64%. Other commodities like iron ore, PTA, etc., also had different degrees of price changes [3]. - **Equities**: The NASDAQ Index had a significant increase of 7.15%, the Hang Seng Index rose 2.09%, while the CSI 500 decreased by 0.10% [3]. - **Bonds**: Chinese government bonds of 5 - year, 2 - year, and 10 - year terms all had price increases, with the 5 - year bond rising 4.06% [3]. - **Foreign Exchange**: The US Dollar Index increased by 0.56%, while the Euro - US Dollar exchange rate decreased by 0.76% [3]. 3.2 Commodity Views 3.2.1 Macro - Financial Sector - **Stock Index Futures**: Among 9 institutions' views, 2 are bullish, 1 is bearish, and 6 are neutral.利多 factors include successful Sino - US tariff negotiations, a relatively loose market capital supply, and growth in the social financing scale.利空 factors are net out - flow of industry funds, reduction in ETF shares, and conservative domestic policies [5]. - **Treasury Bond Futures**: Among 7 institutions' views, 0 are bullish, 2 are bearish, and 5 are neutral.利多 factors are the unchanged loose monetary policy and reduced expectations of fiscal stimulus.利空 factors are the recovery of market risk appetite and limited space for further interest - rate cuts [5]. 3.2.2 Energy Sector - **Crude Oil**: Among 9 institutions' views, 2 are bullish, 3 are bearish, and 4 are neutral.利多 factors are low global crude oil inventories, positive Sino - US negotiation results, and potential uncertainty in OPEC+ production increases.利空 factors are Iran's potential nuclear - deal signing and an increase in US crude oil inventories [6]. 3.2.3 Agricultural Products Sector - **Palm Oil**: Among 7 institutions' views, 1 is bullish, 2 are bearish, and 4 are neutral.利多 factors are the growth of Malaysian palm oil shipping data, increased export competitiveness, and potential replenishment demand in India.利空 factors are high inventory pressure and a decline in crude oil prices [6]. 3.2.4 Non - Ferrous Metals Sector - **Copper**: Among 7 institutions' views, 1 is bullish, 1 is bearish, and 5 are neutral.利多 factors are low copper concentrate TC, positive Sino - US tariff negotiations, and strong terminal demand.利空 factors are weak overseas demand and high inventory in China [7]. 3.2.5 Chemical Sector - **Soda Ash**: Among 7 institutions' views, 1 is bullish, 2 are bearish, and 4 are neutral.利多 factors are concentrated maintenance in May and high exports.利空 factors are high industry inventory, new production capacity, and weak downstream demand [7]. 3.2.6 Precious Metals Sector - **Gold**: Among 7 institutions' views, 1 is bullish, 0 are bearish, and 6 are neutral.利多 factors are the downgrade of the US sovereign credit rating and geopolitical uncertainties.利空 factors are the recovery of risk appetite and capital out - flow from gold ETFs [8]. 3.2.7 Black Metals Sector - **Iron Ore**: Among 7 institutions' views, 1 is bullish, 1 is bearish, and 5 are neutral.利多 factors are high molten iron production and low port inventory.利空 factors are expected increase in supply and weakening demand [8].

1. Report Industry Investment Ratings - No specific industry - wide investment ratings are provided in the report 2. Core Views of the Report - Cotton is expected to be oscillating strongly. The supply of cotton is tight this year, with the 09 contract likely to rise in the short - and medium - term. However, the 01 contract may face a more relaxed supply situation due to expected new cotton production in Xinjiang. The price is affected by the macro - environment, especially the outcome of Sino - US negotiations. It is recommended to hedge at the rebound high this year [1]. - PTA is in a range - bound oscillation. The cost end is loose, the downstream is wait - and - see, and the short - term domestic PTA spot market may continue to be under pressure [2][3]. - Ethylene glycol is in a range - bound oscillation. The cost end has declined, and the supply - demand pattern is favorable, but there may be a price correction due to the rapid short - term increase [3]. - Short - fiber is in a range - bound oscillation. Although the price has rebounded, considering the upcoming off - season in the terminal market and the end of upstream spring maintenance, the price is expected to be strong in the near term and weak in the long term [3]. - Sugar is oscillating. Internationally, the new Brazilian sugar - cane crushing season has started, and the market has mixed expectations. Domestically, factors are also mixed, and the sugar price is expected to maintain an oscillating trend [3]. - Apples are in a high - level oscillation. The current apple inventory is low, and the price is expected to remain high, but macro - risks need to be monitored [4]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Macroeconomic Information - In April 2025, China's economic growth was stable. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 6.1% year - on - year, the service production index increased by 6%, and the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 5.1%. From January to April, the national fixed - asset investment increased by 4% year - on - year, and the unemployment rate in urban areas was 5.1% [7]. - The US leading economic index in April 2025 dropped by 1% to 99.4 points, the largest monthly decline since March 2023 [7]. 3.2 Each Variety's Fundamental Information Tracking Cotton - As of the end of April 2025, the commercial inventory was 415 tons, and the industrial inventory was 95 tons. If the monthly consumption is 65 tons, the commercial inventory will be 155 tons by the end of August, tighter than in 2023. The 09 contract is strong, and the price is likely to rise in the short - and medium - term. The 01 contract may face a more relaxed supply situation due to expected new cotton production in Xinjiang [1]. - On May 19, 2025, the China Cotton Price Index (CC Index) was 14,566 yuan/ton, down 11 yuan/ton from the previous trading day, and the cotton yarn index (CY Index C32S) was 20,520 yuan/ton, unchanged from the previous trading day [7]. PTA - As of May 14, 2025, the average PTA processing interval in China was 390.88 yuan/ton, a month - on - month decrease of 10.5% and a year - on - year increase of 7.68%. The domestic supply increased slightly, and the processing interval decreased significantly [8]. - As of May 15, the weekly average PTA capacity utilization rate in China was 74.63%, a month - on - month decrease of 0.35% and a year - on - year increase of 4.68%. The domestic PTA output was 129.67 tons, a decrease of 0.54 tons from the previous week and an increase of 9.7 tons from the same period last year [8][9]. Ethylene Glycol - As of May 14, 2025, the total ethylene glycol capacity utilization rate in China was 61.04%, a month - on - month decrease of 2.42%. The output was 36.83 tons, a decrease of 1.32% from the previous week [12]. Short - fiber - As of May 8, 2025, the weekly output of domestic polyester short - fiber was 16.69 tons, a month - on - month increase of 0.25 tons, and the capacity utilization rate was 88.24%, a month - on - month increase of 1.30% [10][11]. - As of May 8, 2025, the average polymerization cost of domestic polyester short - fiber was 5,706.60 yuan/ton, a month - on - month increase of 7.35%. The industry cash flow was - 361.60 yuan/ton, a month - on - month decrease of 86.41% [11]. Sugar - The Indian National Federation of Cooperative Sugar Factories (NFCSF) predicts that the ending inventory of sugar in the 2024/25 season will be 480 - 500 tons. The sugar production in the 2024/25 season as of May 15 was 2,574 tons, a decrease of 580 tons from the same period last year [11]. - The International Sugar Organization (ISO) has raised its forecast of the global sugar shortage in the 2024/25 season to 547 tons. The expected sugar production in India in the 2024/25 season is 2,609 tons, lower than the previous forecast [11][12]. - In April 2025, China imported 13 tons of sugar, an increase of 7.57 tons year - on - year. From January to April, the total sugar imports were 27.84 tons, a decrease of 97.91 tons year - on - year [13]. Apple - As of May 14, 2025, the inventory of apples in cold storage in the main producing areas of China was 195.10 tons, a decrease of 33.76 tons from the previous week. The current inventory is at a low level in the past five years [14]. - In the Luochuan area of Shaanxi, the price of 70 starting fruit farmer's general - grade apples is 4.0 - 4.2 yuan/jin, and the price of 70 starting semi - commercial apples is 4.5 - 5.0 yuan/jin. In the Qixia area of Shandong, the price of fruit farmer's third - grade apples is 2 - 2.5 yuan/jin, and the price of fruit farmer's 80 above general - grade apples is 2.8 - 3.5 yuan/jin [4][14].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the lithium and cobalt industry [2][5]. Core Insights - The report highlights a return to weak realities from strong expectations in the cobalt and lithium markets, with prices rebounding before retreating [14][15]. - The easing of US-China trade relations is expected to buffer the downward trend in lithium prices, although the overall market remains cautious [14][15]. - Cobalt market dynamics are characterized by a tightening supply and a cautious outlook from industry players, with many adopting a wait-and-see approach [16]. Summary by Sections 1. Cycle Assessment - The lithium sector is experiencing a slight price decline, with the Wuxi 2507 contract down 1.57% to 62,600 CNY/ton, and the Guangxi 2507 contract down 1.94% to 61,800 CNY/ton [14]. - Lithium concentrate prices have decreased to 712 USD/ton, down 13 USD/ton from the previous period [14]. - Recommended stocks for overweight positions include Zhongmin Resources, Yahua Group, Cangge Mining, Ganfeng Lithium, Keda Manufacturing, and Tibet Mining [14]. 2. Company and Industry Dynamics Tracking - The report notes significant developments in the industry, including a major discovery at the Tamarack copper-nickel project in Minnesota [19]. - The International Cobalt Institute predicts a shift to a cobalt shortage by the early 2030s, driven by demand growth outpacing supply [19]. - Salt Lake Co. has signed a project cooperation letter indicating a potential investment of around 300 million USD in Highfield Resources [19]. 3. Key Data: New Energy Material Production, Imports, and Metal Prices - Domestic production of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide saw a month-on-month decline in April [20]. - Lithium carbonate production decreased by 7% month-on-month but increased by 40% year-on-year [22]. - Cobalt sulfate production increased by 11% month-on-month and 48% year-on-year [23]. - The average price of battery-grade lithium carbonate fell by 2.15% to a range of 66,100-64,600 CNY/ton [57]. 4. Listed Company Profit Forecasts - Ganfeng Lithium is projected to have a PE ratio of 86.06 for 2025, while Tianqi Lithium is rated cautiously with a PE of 58.30 for 2025 [94]. - Huayou Cobalt is rated for an overweight position with a PE of 11.79 for 2025 [94].

5月12日，中美两国在日内瓦举行的经贸会谈上达成了一项突破性协议，双方决定取消91%的加征关税，并暂停实施24%的对等关税，这一重大消息让无数 外贸企业如同久旱逢甘霖，纷纷开始催单、抢发货。美国零售商们的狂欢显示了他们对中国商品的强烈依赖，而这一切，不仅是对市场变化的即时反应，更 是在未来90天内与中美贸易关系走向的不确定性博弈中的一次"资源调配"。 可以说，中美之间的贸易关系在复杂的关税政策下经历了颠簸的航程。根据近期的数据，中国制造的产品在美国市场上占据了绝对优势，尤其在玩具、电子 产品、服装等领域，中国市场的份额高达80%。这样的依赖不仅反映在企业间的交易频繁，更体现了美国消费者对于中国产品的根深蒂固的需求。 就拿玩具行业来说，美国的零售商们在得知关税下调的消息后，几乎像是失去了理智般，迅速向中国工厂下达了大量订单，他们迫切希望在即将到来的假期 购物季前填满货架。正因为此，深圳的一家外贸企业在短短半天内便收到了六个客户的催单电话，而不少厂家为了赶工，甚至连夜加班，这种现象直接体现 在了运输的紧张上。 特朗普虽然暂时松口，但就在协议达成后的24小时内，他便再次以威胁的口吻指出，如果在接下来的90天内无法达 ...