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中国宏观经济2025年3月报:经济修复步伐略有加快 宏观焦点转向政策
中国宏观经济2025年3月报 投资咨询业务资格:京证监许可【2012】75号 经济修复步伐略有加快 宏观焦点转向政策 方正中期研究院 宏观金融与航运团队 李彦森 F3050205(从业) Z0013871(投资咨询) 2025年2月28日 www.founderfu.com CONTENT 目录 第一部分 经济基本面与宏观供需 第二部分 价格水平变动情况 第三部分 货币与财政政策 第四部分 汇率与商品市场波动 2 基本面与宏观供需——主要观点 年初以来国内经济基本延续去年四季度的修复趋势,且春节假期后修复速度略有加快。其中消费增长略超预期,投资暂 时变动不大,出口则维持一定韧性。当前公布的1、2月经济数据不多,我们本期更多从高频数据角度观察经济。 产出方面,春节前后受到假期影响,主要工业品生产以及建筑业生产放缓,但服务业产出增长明显。对于制造业,发电 量、汽车轮胎开工等基本稳定。我们认为短期来看库存周期暂时处于加库存阶段,政策影响依然巨大,且外需带动也没 有减弱。但今年仍面临库存周期回落的潜在影响,这也将是经济持续面临的内生风险。 需求方面,外需有望维持任性,从高频和领先数据看,半导体等高端制造业出口仍存在继 ...
宋雪涛:“抢出口”带动PMI重回扩张
雪涛宏观笔记· 2025-03-03 07:37
Core Viewpoint - The resilience of the economy is maintained by the "export grabbing" strategy, with the sustainability of economic recovery dependent on future export conditions and policy responses [1][4]. Group 1: Economic Indicators - The manufacturing PMI for February is at 50.2, indicating a return above the growth line, with a month-on-month increase of 1.1 percentage points, surpassing the average increase of 0.8 percentage points from 2015 to 2019 [1]. - The production index rose by 2.7 percentage points to 52.5%, while the new orders index increased by 1.9 percentage points to 51.1% [1]. - The export new orders index in February increased by 2.2 percentage points to 48.6%, driven by the "export grabbing" trend [2]. Group 2: Export Dynamics - The "export grabbing" mode has been accelerated since Trump's election, with a 10.1% year-on-year increase in U.S. imports from China in December 2024 and a 15.6% increase in Chinese exports to the U.S. [2]. - In January 2025, U.S. container imports reached a record 2.487 million TEU, with a month-on-month increase of 10.6% from China [2]. - The manufacturing sector's performance is bolstered by the "export grabbing," with the equipment manufacturing production index remaining above 54% in February [2]. Group 3: Price Trends - In February, the main raw material purchase prices and factory gate prices indices increased by 1.3 and 1.1 percentage points, respectively, providing positive guidance for the PPI data [3]. Group 4: Trade Tensions and Policy Outlook - The intensification of U.S.-China trade tensions since February raises concerns about the sustainability of the "export grabbing" window, with new tariffs announced by the U.S. [4]. - The manufacturing PMI's production and raw material inventory indices declined by 0.8 and 0.7 percentage points, indicating uncertainty in export performance [4]. - Current domestic policies are focused on stabilizing the economy, with monetary policy emphasizing coordination rather than aggressive measures, and fiscal policy prioritizing debt management [5][6].
周报:2025年2月官方PMI数据总体表现中性
AVIC Securities· 2025-03-03 07:36
Manufacturing PMI Insights - The official manufacturing PMI for February 2025 is recorded at 50.2%, an increase of 1.1 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a return above the growth threshold[1] - The average manufacturing PMI for the first two months of 2025 is 49.7%, lower than the average of 50.2% in the last quarter of 2024, suggesting a weaker manufacturing sentiment compared to seasonal norms[1] - The production index and new orders index for February are 52.5% and 51.1%, respectively, indicating that production is expanding faster than demand[2] Economic Trends and Risks - The new export orders index stands at 48.6%, reflecting a slight recovery but still indicating potential risks in external demand due to uncertainties in trade policies[2] - There is a notable divergence in sentiment among manufacturing enterprises, with large enterprises showing a PMI of 52.5%, while medium and small enterprises are at 49.2% and 46.3%, respectively, highlighting a reliance on large firms for recovery[2] - The manufacturing price indices indicate a potential narrowing of PPI declines, with the output price index at 48.5% and the main raw material purchase price index at 50.8%[2] Overall Economic Outlook - The comprehensive PMI average for the first two months of 2025 is 50.6%, down from 51.3% in the last quarter of 2024, suggesting a slower economic recovery trajectory[6] - The construction PMI for February is 52.7%, showing a strong recovery post-holiday, while the service sector PMI is at 50.0%, indicating a decline[5] - The overall economic sentiment remains cautious, with the need for further policy support for small and medium enterprises highlighted as crucial for sustained recovery[2]
有色钢铁行业周观点(2025年第9周):2月制造业PMI超预期,关注钢铁板块投资机会
Orient Securities· 2025-03-03 03:16
有色、钢铁行业 行业研究 | 行业周报 2 月制造业 PMI 超预期,关注钢铁板块投 资机会 ——有色钢铁行业周观点(2025 年第 9 周) 核心观点 投资建议与投资标的 风险提示 国内宏观经济增速放缓;美国通胀增速放缓;原材料价格波动 国家/地区 中国 行业 有色、钢铁行业 报告发布日期 2025 年 03 月 03 日 看好(维持) 刘洋 021-63325888*6084 liuyang3@orientsec.com.cn 执业证书编号:S0860520010002 香港证监会牌照:BTB487 | 供给优化需求改善,积极关注稀土产业链 | 2025-02-23 | | --- | --- | | 投 资 机 会 : — — 有 色 钢 铁 行 业 周 观 点 | | | (2025 年第 8 周) | | | 欧洲引领非美市场制造业前景改善,关注 | 2025-02-16 | | 铜矿股投资机会:——有色钢铁行业周观 | | | 点(2025 年第 7 周) | | | 关税或推升避险与通胀,关注黄金股投资 | 2025-02-09 | | 机会:——有色钢铁行业周观点(2025 年 | | | 第 ...
春节因素主导回升——2月PMI数据点评
一瑜中的· 2025-03-02 15:16
文 : 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜(执业证号:S0360518090001) 联系人: 陆银波(15210860866) 报告摘要 PMI 数据:制造业 PMI 回升至荣枯线以上 2 月制造业 PMI 为 50.2% ,前值为 49.1% 。具体分项来看: 1 ) PMI 生产指数为 52.5% ,前值为 49.8% ,回升 2.7 个百分点。 2 ) PMI 新订单指数为 51.1% ,前值为 49.2% 。 PMI 新出口订单指数为 48.6% ,前值为 46.4% 。 3 ) PMI 从业人员指数为 48.6% ,前值为 48.1% 。 4 )供货商配送时间指数 为 51.0% ,前值为 50.3% 。 5 ) PMI 原材料库存指数为 47.0% ,前值为 47.7% 。 PMI 点评:回升的思考 (一)为何回升:春节或是主导因素 2 月,制造业与建筑业 PMI 明显回升,或主要来自春节因素。比较 2018-2025 年每年春节所在月的 PMI 与春节所在月下一个月的 PMI (注: 2020 年和 2022 年受疫情影响较大,不予考虑),均是明显回升的 走势。 1 )制造业 PMI ...
PMI点评(2025.2):PMI节后反弹,投资好于消费
Huajin Securities· 2025-03-02 10:22
2025 年 03 月 02 日 宏观类●证券研究报告 PMI 节后反弹,投资好于消费 事件点评 PMI 点评(2025.2) 投资要点 分析师 秦泰 SAC 执业证书编号:S0910523080002 qintai@huajinsc.cn 报告联系人 周欣然 zhouxinran@huajinsc.cn 相关报告 LPR 四度持平,十债利率升至 1.7%,释放 何种信号?——华金宏观·双循环周报(第 95 期) 2025.2.21 信贷创纪录"开门红",年初集中还是全年趋 高?——金融数据速评(2025.1)2025.2.14 内外形势有何变化,货币如何调整优化?— —《货币政策执行报告》(2024Q4)解读·周 报(第 94 期) 2025.2.14 核心通胀不降反升,美联储还能降息吗?— —美国 CPI 点评(2025.1) 2025.2.13 油价回升服务走高,CPI 稍好于预期—— CPI、PPI 点评(2025.1) 2025.2.9 http://www.huajinsc.cn/ 1 / 4 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 节后 PMI 如期明显反弹,投资回暖快于消费。由于 1 月跌幅较深,1 ...
陆家嘴财经早餐2025年3月2日星期日
Wind万得· 2025-03-01 22:20
// 热点聚焦 // 1、 中国2月官方制造业PMI为50.2,前值49.1 ; 非制造业PMI为50.4,比上月上升0.2个百分点; 综合PMI为51.1,比上月上升1.0个百分点。 国家统计局:2月份,随着春节后企业陆续复工复产,生产经营活动加快, 制造业采购经理指数明显回升,为50.2%,比上月上升1.1个百分点 ;非制 造业商务活动指数为50.4%,比上月上升0.2个百分点;综合PMI产出指数为51.1%;三大指数均位于扩张区间,我国经济景气水平总体有所回升。 2月份制造业PMI重回扩张区间。专家表示, 2月份PMI指数明显回升到荣枯线之上,受到春节后复工复产和政策落地见效等叠加因素影响,企业加大 采购力度也带动了上游原材料价格的回弹 ,需要注意,更靠近终端市场的中小型企业仍处于收缩运行区间,还需要持续加大宏观经济政策逆周期调节 力度,强化政府公共产品投资对企业订单的有效扩大作用,加快巩固经济回升向好态势。 2、 3 月1日,DeepSeek于知乎开设官方账号,发布《DeepSeek-V3/R1推理系统概览》技术文章,首次公布模型推理系统优化细节,并披露成本 利润率关键信息。文章称理论上一天的总收入为 ...
PMI:无喜无忧、结构分化
赵伟宏观探索· 2025-03-01 12:16
Core Viewpoint - The February PMI shows a mild recovery post-Spring Festival, with a clear "strong-weak" differentiation in structure [2][9]. Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing PMI rose to 50.2%, up 1.1 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a recovery, albeit moderate [5][16]. - Key sub-indices such as production and new orders showed significant recovery, with production index increasing by 2.7 percentage points to 52.5% and new orders index rising by 1.9 percentage points to 51.1% [5][16]. - The new export orders index remains in contraction at 48.6%, despite a 2.2 percentage point increase [5][17]. Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing PMI increased by 0.2 percentage points to 50.4%, with construction PMI showing a notable rise of 3.4 percentage points to 52.7% [5][18]. - Service sector PMI declined by 0.3 percentage points to 50.0%, with significant drops in consumer-related sectors such as retail, accommodation, and catering [4][19]. Industry Observations - Capital-intensive industries like high-tech and equipment manufacturing show higher PMI levels, while labor-intensive sectors such as consumer goods and high-energy industries remain below the expansion threshold [3][12]. - In the construction sector, the increase in the construction PMI indicates accelerated infrastructure work, while real estate performance appears weaker [3][13]. Future Outlook - The economic recovery foundation remains fragile, with potential export risks increasing. Continuous monitoring of incremental policy changes is necessary [4][15]. - The manufacturing PMI's slight recovery above the neutral line suggests a moderate recovery level, with ongoing export pressures evident [4][15].
【广发宏观郭磊】对2月PMI数据的几点印象
郭磊宏观茶座· 2025-03-01 12:06
广发证券首席经济学家 郭磊 guolei@gf.com.cn 摘要 第一, 节后开复工正常推进。每年春节分布不同,年初数据非直接可比。2025年春节与2017、2022年相 似,均处于1月底。从PMI走势看,也呈现类似的规律:1月较前值下降,2月较1月回升。从2月环比前一年 12月的变化来看,2017为0.2;2022年为-0.1;2025年为0,季节性斜率大致相当,显示节后开复工在正 常推进。不过从绝对值看,2025年2月只有50.1,弱于2017年的51.6,略低于2022年2月的50.2,景气中 枢仍需继续提升。 第二, 出口订单依旧较为平稳。2月生产、订单、出口订单环比分别上行2.7、1.9、2.2个点。近年出口订单 基本上波动在47-48的水平,比如2023年均值47.5、2024年均值48.4,今年2月的48.6属于正常水平。不 过鉴于海外逆全球化政策仍在继续升级过程中,对于后续外需风险仍需保持警惕。 第三, 大型企业和小型企业的景气度差值扩大(图)。2月大企业和小企业PMI分别为52.5、46.3,6.2的差 值高于2024年均值的2.7。除了小企业节后劳务上工率约束这一季节性因素外,可能还包含 ...