新华社北京4月30日电 题：短期波动不改经济长期向好大势——解读4月份PMI数据 新华社记者潘洁 国家统计局服务业调查中心、中国物流与采购联合会4月30日发布数据显示，尽管4月份我国制造业采购 经理指数（PMI）为49%，比上月下降1.5个百分点，但我国经济总体产出持续扩张，长期向好的基本面 没有改变。 受前期制造业较快增长形成较高基数叠加外部环境急剧变化等因素影响，4月份制造业PMI回落至临界 点以下。不过，高技术制造业等相关行业继续保持扩张，以内销为主的制造业企业生产经营总体稳定， 企业预期仍保持乐观主基调。 由于外贸环境发生变化，我国制造业出口受到影响，国外需求短期收紧。4月份，新出口订单指数为 44.7%，较上月下降4.3个百分点。国外需求的收紧拖累了制造业整体市场需求，制造业新订单指数为 49.2%，较上月下降2.6个百分点，在连续2个月运行在51%以上后落入收缩区间。 受外部需求收紧影响，生产整体也略有下降。4月份，制造业生产指数为49.8%，较上月下降2.8个百分 点。供需整体偏弱运行带动原材料和产成品价格下行，主要原材料购进价格指数和出厂价格指数分别为 47%和44.8%，比上月下降2.8和3 ...

报 告 正 文 4 月制造业 PMI 回落至线下，供需两端均有走弱。服务业和建筑业商务活动指数均线上回落。 PMI 表现如何？ 4 月 全国制造业 PMI 录得 49.0% ，较上月下降 1.5 个百分点。各分项均较上月下降，其中 需求相对供给继续增强，内需相对外需大幅增强，大中小企业均落至线下运行，原材料价格和产成品价格双双 回落。 为何本月制造业 PMI 大幅下降？ 主要原因有三： 一是 前期"抢出口"影响下，制造业较快增长，导致 前期基数较高； 二是 外部环境急剧变化， 4 月 2 日美国对全球贸易伙伴强加关税压制抢出口； 三是 季节转 淡，存在一定的季节性影响。当前主要经济体制造业景气度普遍位于收缩区间， 3 月份美国制造业 PMI 为 49.0% ， 4 月份欧元区、英国、日本制造业 PMI 初值均低于临界点。 此外，有三点值得关注 ： 一是外部环境变化影响下，行业表现分化。 高技术制造业和部分内销为主的行业表 现相对稳定， 4 月高技术制造业 PMI 为 51.5% ，明显高于制造业总体水平；农副食品、酒饮料茶、医药等行 业的生产和新订单指数均位于 53.0% 及以上；服务业和建筑业商务活动预期指 ...

Core Viewpoint - The April PMI data reflects the impact of tariff shocks, indicating that the previous "export rush" has come to an end, with significant declines in both manufacturing PMI and new export orders, surpassing the declines seen in 2018 [1] Dimension 1: Direct Impact - The new export orders index for April PMI dropped by 4.3 percentage points to 44.7%, marking a decline much steeper than the -2.7 percentage points seen during the lowest growth rates between 2018-2019 [5] - High-frequency data also shows a clear decline in export container freight rates to regions such as the U.S. West Coast, East Coast, and South America in April, signaling the end of the "export rush" [5] Dimension 2: Indirect Impact - The PMI new orders index, representing domestic demand, fell to 49.2% (down 2.6 percentage points), while the PMI production index dropped to 49.8% (down 2.8 percentage points), both falling below the growth threshold and contributing to the overall decline in manufacturing PMI [11] Dimension 3: Corporate Behavior Impact - As demand weakens, companies are more inclined to reduce prices to clear inventory, with the PMI finished goods inventory index decreasing by 0.7 percentage points to 47.3% and the PMI production expectations index falling by 1.7 percentage points [13] - The PMI ex-factory price index also declined by 3.1 percentage points to 44.8%, indicating ongoing downward pressure on inflation [13] Dimension 4: Employment and Expectations Impact - The negative impact of U.S. tariffs on the PMI employment index and production expectations index may be more significant and longer-lasting than the direct effects on exports [16] - The PMI employment index fell by 0.3 percentage points to 47.9%, aligning with the political bureau's emphasis on "stabilizing employment," "stabilizing enterprises," and "stabilizing expectations" [16] Dimension 5: Impact by Enterprise Type - In April, the PMIs for large, medium, and small enterprises were 49.2%, 48.8%, and 48.7% respectively, with declines of 2.0 percentage points, 1.1 percentage points, and 0.9 percentage points, indicating a downturn in business sentiment across all sizes, particularly among small enterprises [17] Non-Manufacturing Sector - The non-manufacturing sector also experienced a decline, with the construction PMI at 51.9% (down 1.5 percentage points) and the services PMI at 50.1% (down 0.2 percentage points), both at historically low levels [20] Policy Implications - The tariff shocks reflected in the PMI data suggest that policy measures may need to prioritize "stabilizing livelihoods" over "total countermeasures," with a focus on targeted structural policies for affected enterprises expected to be accelerated [22]

截至2025年4月30日 11:02，公司债ETF(511030)上涨0.06%，最新价报105.57元。拉长时间看，截至2025年4月29日，公司债ETF近半年累计上涨1.15%。 流动性方面，公司债ETF盘中换手0.85%，成交1.13亿元。拉长时间看，截至4月29日，公司债ETF近1月日均成交18.02亿元。 规模方面，公司债ETF最新规模达132.58亿元。 资金流入方面，国债ETF5至10年最新资金流入流出持平。拉长时间看，近5个交易日内，合计"吸金"3516.90万元。 份额方面，公司债ETF最新份额达1.26亿份，创近1月新高。 消息面上，全A营收增速小幅改善。全A（不含金融石油石化）2024年营收增速-0.78%，较前三季度的-1.5%明显改善，25Q1营收增速+0.35%，反映经济企 稳，但增速仍低。全A（不含金融石油石化）25Q1归母净利润增速+5.1%，24Q1为-6.1%，反映经济体感好转。 机构认为近两日券商自营及债基拉长久期，可能是博弈PMI等数据。未来半年债市的核心是中美关税走向，利率债波段不好做，我们建议信用下沉吃票息， 耐心等待做多机会。 华西证券4 月 30 日的制造业 P ...

金融期货日报 股指 ◆ 核心观点： 美国商务部长谈及部分关税谈判进展，声称有的已谈妥待批准，贸易协议的 希望提振美股，美股涨幅扩大。美国 3 月 JOLTS 职位空缺创半年新低，远逊 预期；4 月谘商会消费者信心指数超预期下降至 86，创 2020 年 5 月以来新 低；3 月商品贸易逆差创历史记录，远超预期。中国国家主席在上海考察时 强调，加快建成具有全球影响力的科技创新高地。国内战略定力较强，节前 出重大利好政策的概率较低，可考虑防守过节。 ◆ 策略建议： 震荡运行 国债 ◆ 核心观点： 日内公布关税贸易战后首份 PMI 数据，此前 EPMI 环比回落幅度已超季节性， 关注 4 月官方 PMI 是否显著弱于预期。虽然利率下行趋势尚未逆转，但市场 抢跑行情演绎充分，收益率行至低位后做多赔率有所下降。后续收益率能否 突破前低，将取决于：1）基本面数据是否出现超预期变化；2）配置资金能 否持续入场形成增量驱动力量。当前利率交易需更注重安全边际。 ◆ 策略建议： 短期看好 研究咨询部 2025-04-30 公司资质 长江期货股份有限公司交易咨询业 务资格：鄂证监期货字{2014}1 号 金融期货团队 研究员： 彭 ...

当我们感悟到异常，发现预期差时，阻碍我们去行动的最大障碍就是"希望交易"，尤其是，当市场已经开始出现相应的波动后，"回头看"会让我们后悔没 有在最佳的位置买入或卖出，于是就希望市场回到之前的位置再执行。 ——笔记哥《应对》 【笔记20250429— 经济学 VS 医学（+博弈明日PMI数据+资金面均衡偏松=小下)】 资金面均衡偏松，长债收益率小幅下行。 央行公开市场开展3405亿元7天期逆回购操作，今日有2205亿元逆回购到期，净投放1200亿元。 资金面均衡偏松，DR001下至1.54%附近，DR007因跨月小幅上至1.78%附近。 | | | | 银行间资金 | (2025.04.29) | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 回购代码 | 加权利率 | 变化 | 利率走势 | 最高利率 | 变化 | 成交量 | 变化量 | 成交量占 | | | (%) | (bp) | (近30天) | (%) | (bp) | (亿元) | (亿元) | 比 (%) | | R001 | 1.59 | 3 1 | | 2. ...

Economic Indicators - The April manufacturing Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) data will be released on April 30, with March's PMI recorded at 50.5%, a 0.3 percentage point increase from the previous month, marking the highest level since April 2024 [2] - The composite PMI output index for March was 51.4%, indicating increased business activity, with manufacturing production index at 52.6% and non-manufacturing business activity index at 50.8% [2] Oil Price Adjustment - A new round of refined oil price adjustments will take place at 24:00 on April 30, with a projected increase of 60 yuan per ton based on a reference crude oil price of $65.34 per barrel, reflecting a change rate of 1.46% as of April 25 [3] U.S. Economic Data - The U.S. will release its first-quarter GDP data on April 30, with Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell indicating a potential slowdown in economic growth for the first quarter of 2025 compared to the previous year's strong performance [4] - The U.S. non-farm payroll data for April will be published on May 2, following a March increase of 228,000 in seasonally adjusted non-farm employment, with the unemployment rate slightly rising to 4.2% [5] Stock Market Developments - Over 4.07 billion yuan worth of locked-up shares will be released next week, with 24.76 billion shares set to be listed, including significant unlocks from companies like China Resources Materials and Chengda Biology, each exceeding 5 billion yuan [6] New Stock Opportunities - Two new stocks will be issued from April 28 to April 30, with Zairun New Energy on the ChiNext and Tiangong Co. on the Beijing Stock Exchange, collectively raising approximately 1.194 billion yuan [11]

Core Viewpoint - The manufacturing PMI has shown a slight recovery, indicating a mixed economic outlook with strengths in the manufacturing sector and weaknesses in the construction industry [2][4][5]. Group 1: PMI Data Overview - The manufacturing PMI for March is reported at 50.5%, an increase from the previous value of 50.2% [2][16]. - The production index stands at 52.6%, up by 0.1 percentage points from 52.5% [16]. - The new orders index has risen to 51.8% from 51.1%, while the new export orders index is at 49.0%, slightly up from 48.6% [16]. - The employment index is at 48.2%, down from 48.6%, indicating a contraction in employment [16]. - The supplier delivery time index is at 50.3%, down from 51.0%, and the raw material inventory index is at 47.2%, slightly up from 47.0% [16]. Group 2: Sector Performance - The construction sector's PMI is at 53.4%, down from 56.2% year-on-year, indicating a slowdown [5][10]. - The construction employment index has dropped to 41.4% from 45.6%, reflecting a significant decline in workforce [10]. - The new orders index for construction is at 43.5%, down from 46.8%, highlighting ongoing demand concerns [10]. - The basic raw materials PMI is at 49.3%, down from 49.8%, influenced by the weak construction sector [10]. Group 3: Economic Assessment - The comprehensive PMI index for Q1 is at 50.9%, higher than Q4 2023 and Q3 2024, but lower than Q4 2024 and Q1-Q2 2024 [3][13]. - The manufacturing sector shows strength, particularly in the midstream equipment manufacturing, with a PMI of 52% [4][9]. - The EPMI index for March is reported at 59.6%, indicating robust performance in the equipment manufacturing sector [4][9].

每日债市复盘 10Y国开(240205) 20240430 2.480 较上一交易日: ↓ 5.35 BP 2.460 政治局会议:要灵活 运用利率和存款准备 2.440 金率等政策工具 2.420 2.400 今日央行大额净投放,PMI数据基本符合预 期,股市小幅下跌,债市利率大幅下行。 2.380 2.360 。今日关注: ☆ 明日关注: b 资金面: 均衡 2.340 OMO净投放4380亿元 4月官方制造业PMI: 美联储议息会议 (5.2) 2.320 R001: 2.00%; R007: 2.09% 50.4, 前值50.8 五一假期消费数据 2.300 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 16:00 16:30 17:00 ...