Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that the U.S. fiscal pressure is expected to impact U.S. Treasury yields, particularly with concerns over budget resolutions and potential government shutdowns [1] - The U.S. Congress passed a budget resolution for the fiscal year 2025 in April, but it lacks legal effect and cannot directly allocate funds [1] - If the budget bill is not passed by September 30, a temporary funding bill will be required to avoid government shutdown risks [1] Group 2 - The implementation of the Trump tax cuts this year is anticipated to further increase the U.S. fiscal deficit pressure [1] - Market concerns regarding fiscal pressure and inflation risks are likely to keep U.S. Treasury yields, particularly the mid-term premium and inflation expectations, elevated [1] - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield is expected to remain above 4.0% for some time, with future downward movement dependent on Trump’s policies, the economic pressures in the U.S., and Federal Reserve statements [1]

文 ｜ 明明 周成华 王楠茜 虽然今年4月美国国会通过了2 0 2 5财年预算决议，但该决议并不具有法律效力也不能直接拨款。预计今年预算法案需要在9月3 0 日前通过，否则国会则需通过临时拨款法案以避免政府停摆风险。特朗普减税法案今年若落地，美国财政赤字压力将进一步攀 升。市场对于财政压力的担忧以及对于通胀风险的担忧将持续导致美债利率中期限溢价以及通胀预期部分高位运行，进而1 0年 期美债利率中枢或一段时间在4 . 0%以上，后续美债利率下行空间的打开或需观察特朗普政策、美国经济承压状况和美联储表 态。 ▍ 2 0 2 5年4月1 0日美国众议院以2 1 6票对2 1 4票通过了参议院修订的2 0 2 5财年预算决议。 预算决议是国会内部指导文件，设定了政府在特定时期内的财政收支预期，不具有法律效力、无需总统签署和直接拨款。只要 参众两院通过相同的预算决议，该年度决议即被采纳。预算决议主要为后续立法确定财政方向和规模，以及为国会内部的预算 协调和审议提供基础。按照《1 9 7 4年国会预算法》，预算决议应在4月1 5日前通过，但实际较多财年未有决议通过。若无新决 议通过，前一决议的支出限额和收入下限会自动在剩 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent fluctuations in the Chinese dollar bond market are primarily driven by changes in tariff policies, leading to liquidity tightening and an increase in long-term risk premiums, rather than changes in the credit risk of Chinese entities [1][2]. Market Fluctuations - Since April 2025, the U.S. Treasury rates have rapidly increased due to poor auction results, liquidity tightening, and rising risk premiums, with the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield reaching 4.48% on April 11, up 31 basis points from the beginning of the month [2]. - The overall yield of Chinese dollar bonds has risen significantly, with the iBoxx index reflecting substantial increases, reaching year-to-date highs [2]. Impact of U.S. Treasury Maturities - In 2025, the U.S. Treasury has a high maturity scale of $9.8 trillion, with a peak maturity period from April to July exceeding $1 trillion monthly, and Q2 alone accounting for $5.45 trillion [3]. - The concentrated maturity pressure may tighten market liquidity and increase refinancing costs, potentially affecting market confidence in U.S. fiscal health and raising risk premiums [3]. Tariff Policy Effects - The impact of new U.S. tariffs on Chinese dollar bonds is expected to be relatively small, as the majority of existing bonds are concentrated in real estate, urban investment, and financial sectors, which are less exposed to tariff impacts [4]. - The ability of companies to mitigate tariff impacts through production relocation and regional export transformation further reduces the direct shock from tariff policies [4]. Sector-Specific Analysis - Urban investment bonds are less affected by tariff changes, as regions with high export volumes are primarily located in coastal provinces, which have lower debt repayment pressures [5]. - Financial sector bonds, particularly those issued by major state-owned banks, are well-capitalized and have diversified client bases, minimizing the impact of potential declines in loan quality [5]. Investment Strategy - The current Chinese dollar bonds exhibit attractive value for allocation, especially in light of potential capital gains from rising expectations of U.S. Federal Reserve rate cuts [6]. - Focus is recommended on short-duration AT1 bonds from state-owned banks and high-yielding central enterprise AMC dollar bonds, which have a favorable pricing differential compared to domestic bonds [6].

Group 1: Impact of Tariffs - The new tariffs proposed by Trump could generate additional revenue of $600-700 billion per year, requiring the average effective tariff rate (AETR) to rise from 2.2% to 21%[7] - If the tariffs are fully borne by households, the average loss per American household could be $5,400, approximately 5% of median household income[9] - If the tariffs are shared equally between households and corporations, household income could decline by 2.5% and corporate after-tax profits could drop by 15%[9] Group 2: Economic Objectives and Comparisons - The economic objectives of the new tariffs include increasing federal revenue and promoting the return of manufacturing, differing from the 2018 focus on trade balance[10] - By Q4 2024, manufacturing's share of non-residential fixed asset investment is expected to rise to 5.7%, up from 2.7% five years ago[10] Group 3: Economic Growth and Market Reactions - The Federal Reserve has lowered its GDP growth forecast for 2025 from 2.1% to 1.7% due to tariff impacts, while only slightly adjusting the unemployment rate[12] - As of April 7, 2025, S&P 500 EPS forecasts have been revised down by 4.1% for Q1 and 2.5% for Q2, indicating a cautious market outlook[16] Group 4: Federal Reserve and Monetary Policy - The Fed's monetary policy aims to maintain a 2% inflation rate, with actual wages and long-term inflation expectations being critical factors in policy decisions[21] - As of April 7, 2025, the 5-year inflation swap rate is at 2.3%, indicating stable long-term inflation expectations[23] Group 5: Asset Allocation and Market Trends - High tariffs are expected to create both demand and supply shocks, influencing asset allocation strategies, with potential shifts favoring commodities over financial assets in a stagflation scenario[26] - The 10-year U.S. Treasury term premium is currently at 43 basis points, significantly lower than historical averages, indicating reduced demand for U.S. debt amid tariff-induced inflation risks[29]

Core Insights - The report highlights a positive outlook for domestic PMI data, suggesting a favorable direction for asset allocation while monitoring variables related to US Treasury rates [5][6][9] - It emphasizes the seasonal recovery in February PMI, indicating a need to pay attention to the incremental policies from the upcoming Two Sessions [5][13] - The investment strategy for March includes a focus on key stocks, with a particular emphasis on sectors benefiting from domestic demand expansion and technological advancements [5][18] Group 1: Domestic PMI Data and Economic Indicators - The manufacturing PMI for February is reported at 50.2, an increase of 1.1 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a significant recovery in manufacturing activity [8][13] - The non-manufacturing PMI stands at 50.4, slightly above market expectations, reflecting a stable recovery in the service sector [8][13] - The report suggests that the recovery in PMI is influenced by the post-Spring Festival resumption of activities and government stimulus measures, with production and new orders showing growth [8][14] Group 2: Market Performance and Asset Allocation - The report notes a general decline in global equity markets during the last week of February, with A-shares experiencing adjustments while US and European markets showed mixed results [7][8] - It highlights a decrease in commodity prices, including oil and metals, alongside a rebound in the US dollar index [7][8] - The report recommends focusing on sectors with strong downstream recovery and competitive cost structures, particularly in non-ferrous metals and petrochemical industries [8][9] Group 3: Policy and Economic Outlook - The report discusses the government's focus on expanding domestic demand and technological innovation as key tasks for the upcoming Two Sessions, with GDP growth targets expected around 5% [18][25] - It mentions the potential for increased fiscal deficits and the expansion of special bonds to support economic growth [18][25] - The report also addresses the impact of external uncertainties, particularly related to US trade policies and their potential effects on China's export outlook [18][19]

Group 1 - The report emphasizes the importance of "crowding" as a key indicator reflecting market sentiment in popular sectors, constructed from four dimensions: volume, price, capital, and analyst forecasts [1][11][12] - The current trading crowding in the TMT sector has rebounded from the bottom to a high level, with many segments of the AI industry chain also showing high crowding, although some remain at moderate levels [2][12] - The report suggests that when crowding is low, it indicates a bottoming phase for stock prices, while high crowding suggests potential for significant price corrections [1][11] Group 2 - The transaction ratio has reached a historical high of 46%, raising concerns about whether the AI trading sentiment has peaked [3][17][20] - The report indicates that while a high transaction ratio may lead to increased volatility, it does not typically signal a systemic end to the market trend, as internal rotation and high-low switching can help digest short-term overheating [3][20] - Historical examples are provided, showing that significant changes in industry trends or fundamentals can lead to new trend formations despite high transaction ratios [3][20] Group 3 - The report introduces a "rotation intensity" indicator to measure the speed of internal rotation within the AI sector, noting that a convergence in rotation intensity often leads to a mainline market trend [4][28] - Following the Spring Festival, the main directions within AI have become clearer, with the computer and media sectors leading the gains, resulting in a decrease in rotation intensity [4][28][29] - The relationship between the AI index and rotation intensity suggests a pattern of "linked rises and rotating adjustments," indicating resilience in the sector rather than systemic declines [4][34] Group 4 - U.S. Treasury yields are highlighted as a significant factor affecting the pricing of high-valuation growth assets, with rising yields typically suppressing market risk appetite [5][37] - The report notes a strong correlation between TMT performance and U.S. Treasury yields, suggesting that changes in yields should be closely monitored from a trading perspective [5][37][39] Group 5 - The report discusses the importance of earnings performance in the AI sector, noting that the correlation between stock price movements and earnings growth is strongest during earnings disclosure periods [7][43] - It is observed that when the market focuses on fundamentals, the TMT sector may face adjustment pressures, while periods of trading on expectations can lead to better performance [7][43][45] - The example of optical modules is provided, illustrating how sustained earnings performance can lead to a strong positive correlation with stock price movements [7][51][52]