点击 最 下方 关注《材料汇》 ， 点击"在看"和" "并分享 添加 小编微信 ，遇见 志同道合 的你 （请添加小编微信，后续会组建 相关微信群 ） 正文 五矿证券 珍惜有限 创造无限 1. 2025年有色金属——关税影响、降息预期与战略金属价值重估 1.1 2025年主要有色金属价格,宏观与地缘政治扰动成为主因 ロ 2025年受到关税和美联储降息预期的波动，以及地缘环境下战略金属政策等影响，有色金属价格除铅、中重稀土基本出现普涨。 ロ 大类涨跌幅来看，贵金属涨幅居前（>100%），小金属涨幅（≈78%，分化明显），工业金属（≈30%）。 ロ 具体品种来看，2025年钨价涨幅领先达到343%，COMEX黄金白银分别上涨81%、178%；铜、锡上涨51%、67%，氧化错较涨 幅达到97%,氧化简跌幅较大。 图表1:2025年有色金属价格涨跌幅与预期差异 珍惜有限 创造无限 图表2：2025年有色金属行业利润（上）、板块表现（下） 3 年度涨幅 收入YOY % 归母净利润YOY% 有色金属板块涨跌幅 40.9 71.72 9.5 SW金属新材料 58.89 8.1 8.24 6.51 51.12 SW磁性材料 3 ...

| 2.211 -0.015 -0.67% | | | 有色矿业ETF招商 | ਐ 159690 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | SZSE CNY 9:44:36 交易中 查看L2全景 | | | | 0 0 + | | 净值走势 招商中证有色金属矿业主 | | | | | | | | | 申购赎回允许情况 | 申购赎回皆允许 | | 委比 | 86.63% 委差 | 42933 | T日预估现金差额 | 2407.95元 | | 卖九 | 2.216 | 11万 | T-1日单位申赎资产 | 2225932.95元 | | 卖儿 | 2.215 | 37万 | 近5日净流入 | 单位(万元) | | 卖一 | 2.214 | 22万 | | | | 卖 | 2.213 | 3098 | 2895 | | | 卖一 | 2.211 | 3万 | 2416 | | | 孟一 | 2.210 | 453万 | | 2030 | | 孟二 | 2.209 | 477万 | | 1126 | | 乖三 | 2.208 | 45万 | | | | 买四 | 2.207 | 45万 ...

Core Viewpoint - The copper futures price is expected to rise strongly and historically exceed 100,000 yuan per ton by the end of 2025, driven by macroeconomic policies, supply constraints, and structural shortages [1] Group 1: Macroeconomic Environment - China's macroeconomic policy for 2026 is set to focus on "stability while seeking progress," aiming to expand domestic demand and optimize structure, which will resonate with the copper market fundamentals [1] - The global macroeconomic environment is characterized as "stable but fragile," with uncertainties from policy shifts, geopolitical conflicts, and protectionism affecting copper prices [2] - The Federal Reserve is expected to shift its policy focus and begin a rate-cutting cycle in September 2025, which will support copper prices through a weaker dollar [2] Group 2: Supply Constraints - The global copper supply faces fundamental challenges due to hard resource constraints, with limited new discoveries since 2015 and a long lead time for new projects [3] - The average grade of global copper mines has declined from 0.68% in 2001 to 0.45% in 2023, leading to increased mining costs and reduced efficiency [3] - Supply chain disruptions in 2025, including power outages and natural disasters, have significantly impacted copper production, exacerbated by geopolitical risks and policy changes in key producing countries [3] Group 3: Industry Dynamics - The copper concentrate processing fees have sharply declined, marking the industry’s entry into a "zero processing fee era," with significant implications for profitability [4] - Despite the profit squeeze, China's electrolytic copper production increased by 11.76% year-on-year in the first 11 months of 2025, supported by long-term contracts and favorable prices for by-products [4] - The industry is undergoing a supply-side reform, shifting focus from expansion to resource security and reasonable profits, driven by policy constraints and industry self-discipline [5] Group 4: Import Trends - In the first 11 months of 2025, China's electrolytic copper imports decreased by 8.12% year-on-year, with a notable decline in the second half of the year [6] - The Democratic Republic of the Congo has surpassed Chile as China's largest supplier of electrolytic copper, driven by increased imports of cost-effective "non-registered" brand copper [6] Group 5: Demand Drivers - Investment in the power sector is shifting towards grid upgrades, with significant investments expected to support copper demand, particularly in the context of energy transition [7] - The automotive industry is experiencing strong growth, especially in the electric vehicle segment, which has a higher copper usage per vehicle, driving marginal demand for copper [7] - Copper is increasingly recognized as a strategic resource essential for global energy transition and AI infrastructure, enhancing its long-term price outlook [8]

Group 1 - The market anticipates a potential 50 basis points interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve, leading to strong performance in Asian stock markets [2] - The expectation of a rate cut is driving global funds to accelerate purchases of gold, with recommendations to focus on leading gold companies [2] - The strategic value of rare metals is increasing due to trade disputes and geopolitical conflicts, with a clear global monopoly pattern emerging in the rare earth industry [2] Group 2 - The strategic metals sector may undergo a value reassessment, with recommendations to focus on rare earth magnets and tungsten [3] - Key Hong Kong stocks related to the gold industry include Zijin Mining, Shandong Gold, and China National Gold International [4] - Key Hong Kong stocks related to rare earth magnets include Jien Mining and those related to tungsten include Jiahua International Resources [5]

Core Viewpoint - Jilin Permanent Magnet (06680) experienced a decline of over 4%, currently trading at HKD 18.53 with a transaction volume of HKD 98.84 million [1] Group 1: Financial Performance - The company plans to hold a board meeting on August 19 to approve its interim results [1] - Jilin Permanent Magnet previously issued a profit warning, expecting revenue of approximately RMB 3.5 billion for the first half of 2025, representing a year-on-year growth of 4% to 5% [1] - The net profit attributable to shareholders is projected to be between RMB 300 million and RMB 335 million, indicating a year-on-year increase of 151% to 180% [1] Group 2: Market Conditions - Western Securities noted a significant increase in rare earth raw material prices in the first half of 2025, suggesting a potential revaluation of strategic metal values [1] Group 3: Financing Activities - The company announced the completion of a USD 117.5 million convertible bond issuance, with a net amount of USD 115 million [1] - The allocation of the proceeds includes 9% for debt repayment, 66% for repurchasing H-shares, 22% for general working capital, and 3% for operational expenses [1] - As of July 31, 2025, the company has not yet implemented any share buybacks [1]

Core Viewpoint - Jinli Permanent Magnet (300748) (06680) experienced a decline of over 4%, currently trading at HKD 18.53 with a transaction volume of HKD 98.83 million [1] Financial Performance - The company plans to hold a board meeting on August 19 to approve its mid-term performance [1] - Jinli Permanent Magnet previously issued a profit warning, expecting revenue of approximately RMB 3.5 billion for the first half of 2025, representing a year-on-year growth of 4% to 5% [1] - The net profit attributable to shareholders is projected to be between RMB 300 million and RMB 335 million, indicating a year-on-year increase of 151% to 180% [1] Market Conditions - Western Securities (002673) noted a significant increase in rare earth raw material prices in the first half of 2025, suggesting a potential revaluation of strategic metal values [1] Financing Activities - Jinli Permanent Magnet announced the completion of a USD 117.5 million convertible bond issuance [1] - The net proceeds from this issuance amount to USD 115 million, with 9% allocated for debt repayment, 66% for repurchasing H-shares, 22% for general working capital, and 3% for operational expenses [1] - As of July 31, 2025, the company has not yet implemented any share repurchase [1]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the non-ferrous and steel industry [5] Core Viewpoints - The report argues that the value reassessment of the strategic metals sector has just begun, contrary to some investors' belief that the recent rapid price increases indicate an impending peak [8][14] - It highlights three dimensions supporting this view: policy measures against strategic mineral smuggling, a tight supply-demand balance driving product prices up, and an increase in risk appetite due to political policy risk premiums [8][14][17] Summary by Sections Strategic Metals - Some investors believe the recent surge in strategic metals prices is unsustainable and may soon peak [8][13] - The report counters this by stating that the value reassessment of strategic metals is just beginning, driven by macroeconomic inflation, tight supply-demand dynamics, and political risk premiums [14][17] - Policy measures to combat strategic mineral smuggling are expected to be reinforced, particularly for rare earths and other strategic metals [15] - The supply-demand balance remains tight, with increasing demand from sectors like new energy vehicles and offshore wind power, leading to rising prices for rare earths [16] - Political policy risk premiums are expected to rise, enhancing the attractiveness of the strategic metals sector [17] Steel Industry - Steel prices are anticipated to continue rising due to production cut expectations [18] - Steel demand and production have decreased, but a dynamic balance in supply and demand is expected [18][25] - Inventory levels are showing differentiation among various steel products, with total inventory likely to decline further [25] - Cost increases in raw materials are pushing steel prices up, with profits for steel mills expected to recover [28] - The overall steel price index has seen a slight increase, with specific products like hot-rolled steel showing notable price rises [35] New Energy Metals - Lithium production in June 2025 saw a significant year-on-year increase of 20.95%, indicating strong supply growth [40] - The demand for new energy vehicles remains robust, with production and sales in June 2025 showing substantial growth [44] - Prices for lithium and cobalt have generally risen, while nickel prices have seen a decline [49][50] Industrial Metals - Global refined copper production has increased, with supply slightly better than expected [57] - The demand outlook is improving, with manufacturing activity expected to continue recovering [69]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the industry [8] Core Views - The report highlights a significant decline in China's cobalt intermediate imports in June, with a month-on-month decrease of 61.6%, indicating a potential supply vacuum in the second half of the year [2][4] - Lithium prices are expected to rebound in the short term due to recent positive signals, but long-term resource clearing signals remain unclear [4] - Strategic metals such as rare earths and tungsten are undergoing a value reassessment, with strong demand recovery anticipated in the medium to long term [4] Summary by Sections Cobalt and Nickel - China's cobalt intermediate imports in June were 18,991 tons, down 61.6% month-on-month, leading to a potential second wave of price increases as domestic inventory is digested [2][4] - Nickel prices are expected to stabilize as macroeconomic expectations improve, with a long-term upward price trend anticipated [4] Lithium - Recent events, including regulatory changes in lithium mining, indicate stricter domestic mining controls, contributing to short-term price increases for lithium products [4] - The report suggests that while short-term momentum is strong, the long-term supply-demand balance remains uncertain [4] Strategic Metals - The report emphasizes the strategic importance of rare earths and tungsten, with a notable price increase for rare earth concentrates reported at 19,100 yuan/ton, up 1.5% month-on-month [4] - The demand for rare earths is expected to recover due to traditional applications and the acceleration of humanoid robot deployment [4] Market Performance - The report notes that the metal materials and mining sector outperformed the Shanghai Composite Index, with a weekly increase of 1.70% [14] - The report recommends focusing on companies with cost advantages and volume growth potential in the strategic metals sector [4]

Summary of Key Points from the Energy Metals Industry Mid-Year Strategy Report 2025 Industry Overview - The report focuses on the energy metals industry, particularly strategic metals such as rare earths, tungsten, cobalt, and nickel, highlighting the impact of geopolitical factors and supply chain dynamics on these markets [1][2]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Supply Constraints**: China's export controls on rare earths and tungsten, along with the Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC) cobalt export ban, have led to a tightening of global strategic metal supplies, prompting a reevaluation of their value [1][2]. - **Rare Earths Demand**: The demand for rare earths is expected to remain strong due to growth in humanoid robots and overseas air conditioning needs, leading to a long-term supply-demand imbalance and potential price increases [1][6]. - **Tungsten Market Dynamics**: The tungsten industry is experiencing supply tightness due to a decrease in mining permits and declining ore grades, resulting in record-high tungsten prices despite weak downstream demand [1][8]. - **Cobalt Supply Shortages**: The DRC's export ban aims to improve mining profitability and government revenue, with expectations of a significant supply shortage as inventories are depleted, likely driving cobalt prices higher [1][10]. - **Nickel Market Positioning**: Indonesian policies have enhanced nickel's profitability within the industry, with prices fluctuating between $15,000 and $17,000. Companies are shifting focus to electric motors and plating to maximize profits amid weak stainless steel and ternary demand [1][12][14]. Additional Important Insights - **Investment Strategy**: The core investment strategy for 2025 centers on the revaluation of strategic metals, with a focus on supply-side dynamics due to a lack of significant demand catalysts [2][18]. - **Rare Earths Pricing Trends**: The rare earths market is influenced by U.S.-China trade tensions, with export controls affecting pricing and demand dynamics, particularly in high-end magnetic materials [3][5]. - **Consolidation in Rare Earths**: The integration of major rare earth groups has strengthened state control over smelting and separation assets, which is expected to enhance price stability and growth in the long term [4][6]. - **Tungsten Price Outlook**: Despite a lack of robust demand in core sectors, tungsten prices are expected to continue rising due to supply-side constraints, with potential growth in sectors like construction and aerospace [8][9]. - **Cobalt Market Dynamics**: The DRC's export ban is anticipated to create a significant supply gap, benefiting companies with nickel production capabilities unaffected by the ban [10][11]. - **Nickel's Role in the Market**: Nickel's price is closely tied to macroeconomic recovery and demand from stainless steel and battery sectors, with companies adapting to maximize profitability in a challenging environment [12][13][15]. Conclusion - The energy metals industry is poised for significant changes driven by geopolitical factors, supply constraints, and evolving demand dynamics. Investors are advised to focus on strategic metals with strong pricing power and to monitor developments in supply chains and market conditions closely [2][18].

Core Insights - The report emphasizes that the global distribution of non-ferrous resources is uneven, and strategic metals are becoming a focal point for countries, leading to a revaluation of their worth, with supply being the core theme [2][5][14] - Unlike previous trends driven by macro demand recovery, strategic metals have shown stronger excess returns compared to non-ferrous indices and base metals this year, with supply acting as the main catalyst [2][5][14] Rare Earth Magnets - Rare earths are highlighted as a core strategic metal, with potential price increases due to tightening domestic controls and possible disruptions in overseas supply [5] - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's proactive supply reduction in response to weak prices is expected to weaken the price suppression effect [5] - New regulations on rare earth management are set to enhance industry concentration and control [5] Tungsten - The report forecasts a continued rigid supply for tungsten, supporting an upward price trend due to limited new mining projects and declining output from existing mines [5] - The anticipated decline in domestic mining quotas for 2025 is expected to further bolster bullish sentiment regarding tungsten prices [5] Cobalt - Cobalt's supply is highly concentrated, with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) accounting for 75% of global production, and the DRC's export ban reflects a strong price support intention [5] - The report predicts a significant reduction in DRC's external inventory by 2025, leading to potential price increases [5] Nickel - Indonesia's government policies are expected to support nickel prices, but upward price elasticity will depend on macroeconomic recovery [5] - The report notes that the current tightness in nickel supply is expected to maintain price stability [5] Lithium - Despite current supply pressures and declining prices, the report suggests that a significant resource clearing will take time, with oversupply continuing to suppress prices [5] - However, the report indicates that lithium prices have stabilized at around 70,000 yuan/ton, providing a safety margin for investments [5]