Core Insights - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) is focusing on implementing a scientific and stable monetary policy system to maintain the stability of financial markets including stock, bond, and foreign exchange markets [1][2] Group 1: Monetary Policy and Financial Stability - The PBOC aims to balance short-term and long-term goals, support economic growth while ensuring the health of the financial sector, and manage internal and external relationships effectively [2] - The central bank will enhance the execution and transmission of monetary policy, reform the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism, and maintain the RMB's stability at a reasonable and balanced level [2] Group 2: Macro-Prudential Management - A comprehensive macro-prudential management system and mechanisms for systemic financial risk prevention and resolution will be established, focusing on monitoring, assessing, and warning against systemic financial risks [2] - The PBOC will work with relevant departments to support local small financial institutions, local government financing platforms, and address risks in the real estate market [2] Group 3: Financial Supply-Side Structural Reform - The PBOC will deepen financial supply-side structural reforms, focusing on technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance to enhance financial services for the real economy [3] - There will be an emphasis on building a transparent, open, and resilient financial market system, as well as advancing the research and application of digital RMB [3] Group 4: Financial Openness and Security - The PBOC is committed to promoting high-level financial openness while safeguarding national financial security, including advancing the internationalization of the RMB and enhancing the use of RMB in trade [3] - Efforts will be made to facilitate trade and investment financing, and to develop a cross-border payment system for the RMB that is self-controlled and widely accessible [3]

Company Overview - The company, Guiding Compass (SZ 300803), announced on October 24 that its 14th Board of Directors' 10th meeting was held via telecommunication, where it reviewed proposals regarding the cancellation of certain stock options from the 2023 and 2025 stock option incentive plans [1][1][1] - As of the report, the company's market capitalization stands at 95.1 billion yuan [1][1][1] Revenue Composition - For the year 2024, the company's revenue composition is as follows: Internet financial services account for 79.22%, securities industry for 20.76%, and other businesses for 0.02% [1][1][1]

Core Viewpoint - The meetings held by the People's Bank of China (PBOC) and the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) emphasized the importance of implementing the spirit of the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session, focusing on financial stability and supporting high-quality economic development through strategic planning and policy measures [2][8]. Group 1: People's Bank of China (PBOC) Insights - The PBOC highlighted the effectiveness of monetary policy measures in stabilizing employment, enterprises, and market expectations, contributing to economic growth [2][3]. - The meeting underscored the importance of a unified leadership in financial work and the need for strict adherence to the Party's directives, emphasizing the establishment of a high-quality cadre team [4]. - A scientific and robust monetary policy framework is to be constructed, balancing short-term and long-term goals while ensuring the health of the financial sector [5]. - The PBOC aims to deepen financial supply-side structural reforms, focusing on technology finance, green finance, and digital finance to enhance service to the real economy [6]. Group 2: China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) Insights - The CSRC recognized the significance of the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session in guiding the next five years of economic and social development, emphasizing the need for a strategic approach [8][9]. - The CSRC aims to enhance the resilience and risk resistance of the capital market, fostering high-quality listed companies and improving market stability mechanisms [11]. - The regulatory body plans to deepen reforms in various market segments, including the Sci-Tech Innovation Board and the Growth Enterprise Market, to enhance market inclusivity and adaptability [11]. - The CSRC is committed to strengthening party discipline and governance within its ranks, ensuring effective supervision and accountability [12].

Core Insights - By September 2025, the global payment share of the Renminbi is projected to reach 3.17%, ranking it as the fifth most active currency globally, an increase from the previous 2.93% [1] - FTSE Russell has updated the inclusion criteria for the FTSE China Onshore Renminbi Bond Index, with significant adjustments set to take effect in November this year, potentially adding 3,482 bonds valued at 11.21 trillion Renminbi to the index [1] - The Bank of Korea has maintained its benchmark interest rate at 2.5% for the third consecutive time, citing concerns over rising real estate prices and increasing mortgage loans that could exacerbate financial instability [1] Market Dynamics - The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose by 0.31% to 46,734.61 points, the S&P 500 increased by 0.58% to 6,738.44 points, and the Nasdaq Composite climbed by 0.89% to 22,941.8 points [3] - COMEX gold futures increased by 1.91% to $4,143.2 per ounce, while COMEX silver futures rose by 2.03% to $48.65 per ounce [4] - U.S. crude oil futures saw a significant rise of 5.56% to $61.75 per barrel, and Brent crude oil futures increased by 5.38% to $65.96 per barrel [5] Economic Indicators - The U.S. existing home sales slightly increased to an annualized rate of 4.06 million units in September, marking the highest level in seven months [2] - The Turkish central bank has lowered its benchmark interest rate by 100 basis points from 40.5% to 39.5%, aligning with market expectations and marking the third rate cut since July [2]

Core Insights - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) reported that as of September 2025, foreign institutions held 3.78 trillion yuan in the interbank bond market, accounting for 2.2% of the total custody volume [1] - The report indicates a significant increase in the number of foreign institutions entering the market, with 11 new entities in September alone, contributing to a total of 1,176 foreign institutions [3] - The introduction of a new bond repurchase mechanism for foreign investors is expected to enhance market liquidity and attract more foreign capital into the domestic bond market [6][7] Group 1: Foreign Investment in Bond Market - As of September 2025, foreign institutions held 2.00 trillion yuan in government bonds, 0.77 trillion yuan in policy financial bonds, and 0.86 trillion yuan in interbank certificates of deposit [1][3] - The number of foreign institutions participating in the bond market has increased, with 11 out of 15 new entrants in the third quarter joining in September [3] - The trading volume of foreign institutions in the interbank bond market was approximately 0.96 trillion yuan in September, with an average daily trading volume of about 41.7 billion yuan [1] Group 2: Market Dynamics and Trends - The trading volume of foreign institutions in September showed a slight decline to 0.83 trillion yuan from 0.87 trillion yuan in August, indicating a limited contraction in overall trading activity [3] - Commercial banks maintained a dominant position in the bond market, with a trading volume of 24.46 trillion yuan in September, while securities companies saw a decrease in trading volume [4] - The new bond repurchase policy allows foreign institutions to engage in repurchase transactions, enhancing the liquidity management tools available to them [6][7] Group 3: Impact of New Regulations - The new regulations are expected to diversify the types of investors in the bond market, including foreign central banks, international financial organizations, and various financial institutions [6] - The introduction of the repurchase mechanism is anticipated to reduce transaction friction and enhance the willingness of foreign institutions to hold bonds [7] - The repurchase business is expected to improve the pricing efficiency of the domestic bond market by reflecting overseas capital market expectations [8]

1. 公开市场操作 央行公告称， 10 月 23 日以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了 2125 亿元 7 天期逆回购操作，操作利率 1.40% ，投标量 2125 亿元，中标量 2125 亿元。 Wind 数据显示，当日 2360 亿元逆回购到期，据此计算，单日净回笼 235 亿元。 财政部 、 央行 10 月 23 日以利率招标方式进行了 2025 年中央国库现金管理商业银行定期存款（十期）招投标，中标总量 1200 亿元，中标利率 1.76% ，起息日 10 月 23 日，到期日 11 月 20 日。 （*数据来源：Wind-央行动态PBOC） 2. 资金面 银行间市场资金面仍维持平稳，存款类机构隔夜回购利率已在 1.31% 附近徘徊数日；匿名点击（ X-repo ）系统上，隔夜报价还报在 1.30% 。非银机构以 存单及信用债等抵押融入隔夜，报价亦连续多日维持在 1.40%-1.45% 区间。交易员指出，在央行呵护之下，市场流动性预期延续稳定乐观。短期内缴税影 响渐近，并与跨月叠加，资金难免有短暂收敛过程，但整体平衡偏松大局仍难改。 海外方面，最新美国隔夜融资担保利率为 4.23% 。 // 债市综述 / ...

Core Viewpoint - China's economy has shown stable performance in 2023, leading to a recovery in fiscal revenue, supported by proactive fiscal policies aimed at stabilizing employment, businesses, and market expectations [1][11]. Fiscal Revenue and Taxation - In the first three quarters of 2023, the broad fiscal revenue reached 19.46 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of approximately 0.4%, marking the first positive growth in fiscal revenue this year [1]. - The general public budget revenue was 16.39 trillion yuan, with tax revenue at 13.27 trillion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 0.5% and 0.7% respectively [2]. - Tax revenue growth turned positive in recent months, with September showing an 8.7% year-on-year increase, the highest for the year, driven by improved corporate performance and active capital market transactions [2][3]. Non-Tax Revenue - Non-tax revenue in the general public budget decreased by 0.4% year-on-year to 312.12 billion yuan, significantly lower than the previous year's growth of 13.5% [4]. - The decline in non-tax revenue is attributed to a high base from previous years and stricter regulations on administrative penalties [4][7]. Government Bonds and Fiscal Expenditure - The net financing of government bonds reached 1.146 trillion yuan in the first three quarters, an increase of 428 billion yuan year-on-year [10]. - Fiscal expenditure for the same period was 20.81 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.1%, with significant allocations towards social security, education, and healthcare [11]. - The government has accelerated the issuance of special bonds to support major projects, with a total expenditure of 4.21 trillion yuan from various bond types [14][15]. Real Estate and Land Revenue - The revenue from government funds, primarily from land sales, decreased by 0.5% year-on-year to 30.72 billion yuan, with land use rights revenue dropping by 4.2% [7][8]. - Policies aimed at stabilizing the real estate market have led to a narrowing decline in land sale revenues and related taxes [8]. Investment and Economic Stability - The introduction of new policy financial tools worth 500 billion yuan aims to enhance project capital and stimulate total investment by approximately 4.8 trillion yuan [15]. - The fiscal policies are designed to support local governments in managing existing debts and facilitating economic recovery [15].

Core Insights - The Bond Connect reported a total northbound trading volume of 581 billion RMB in September 2025, with an average daily trading volume of 25.3 billion RMB [1] - Government bonds and policy financial bonds were the most actively traded, accounting for 49% and 33% of the monthly trading volume, respectively [1] - The Swap Connect facilitated 861 transactions totaling 431.8 billion RMB, with 83 foreign institutions participating [1] - The ePrime bond issuance system supported 14 offshore bond issuances in September, amounting to an equivalent of 18.324 billion RMB, including a successful issuance of 5 billion RMB in offshore RMB local government bonds by Hainan Province [1] - A total of 72 bond issuance information and results were published by the "New Bond Information Platform" in September [1]

为了有效落实科技金融相关政策，搭建科技金融工作经验交流平台，10月16日，由中国人民银行青岛市 分行与金融时报社联合主办的"构建良好科技金融服务生态 助力科创产业高质量发展暨青岛市科技金融 经验交流会"在中国人民银行青岛市分行举行，中国人民银行信贷市场司副司长余剑，金融时报社党委 书记、社长孟琦，中国人民银行山东省分行党委委员、纪委书记丁倩，中国人民银行青岛市分行党委书 记、行长刘云生以及来自青岛市金融监管部门的负责人、青岛市金融机构的代表以及科创企业的负责人 出席了此次交流会。 做好科技金融大文章越来越成为关注的焦点。从2024年6月29日，中国人民银行等七部门联合印发《关 于扎实做好科技金融大文章的工作方案》，到2024年10月16日，中国人民银行、科技部联合印发《关于 做好重点地区科技金融服务的通知》；从今年5月7日，中国人民银行、中国证监会联合发布《关于支持 发行科技创新债券有关事宜的公告》，到5月14日科技部、中国人民银行等七部门发布关于印发《加快 构建科技金融体制 有力支撑高水平科技自立自强的若干政策举措》的通知，围绕科技金融的政策推动 力度持续加大。如何进一步深化科技金融工作，更好地建立科技金融 ...

Macro Research - The report emphasizes the increasing impact of alpha factors on China's export growth, highlighting the importance of tariff changes, order overdrafts, re-export regulations, and exchange rate fluctuations in addition to external demand factors. It is projected that exports will achieve a growth rate of 1-3% in 2026, with low risk of a decline in alpha factors [2][4][18]. Real Estate Research - The real estate sector remains in a downward trend as of September, with a significant decline in front-end investments, indicating continued pressure on prices. The gap between new and second-hand housing prices is widening, suggesting diminishing marginal benefits from new projects [2][7][8]. - In the first nine months, real estate investment fell by 13.9% year-on-year, and even with a potential increase in the last quarter, a double-digit decline is expected for the year. The focus will be on how to mitigate this decline, with urban renewal and new technology infrastructure seen as potential areas for support [7][8]. Biomedicine Research - The brain-computer interface (BCI) industry is anticipated to experience significant development opportunities driven by technological breakthroughs, policy support, and capital investment. The market outlook for BCI in healthcare and consumer sectors is promising [2][10][11]. - Domestic policies are actively promoting the development of the BCI industry, with various government departments issuing supportive measures since the 13th Five-Year Plan. This includes guidelines for enhancing innovation capabilities and establishing a reliable industry system by 2030 [11][30]. - Investment activity in the BCI sector has surged, with over 1,000 disclosed transactions and nearly 400 companies receiving funding, totaling close to $10 billion. The global BCI market has grown from $1.2 billion in 2019 to nearly $2 billion in 2023, with a compound annual growth rate exceeding 13% [12][30].