Group 1 - The overall performance of major asset classes shows that stocks and bonds continue to rise, while commodities are experiencing a downturn [1][8] - A-shares saw significant gains in the first half of the week, supported by multiple economic policies announced by the central bank and regulatory bodies, which enhanced market liquidity [2][11] - The bond market is benefiting from the recent interest rate cuts, leading to a decrease in yields and an increase in prices, indicating a favorable short-term outlook [3][34] Group 2 - The A-share market is expected to enter a "honeymoon period" with a high probability of steady upward movement due to strong domestic policy support and improved international conditions [2][13] - The technology sector is likely to see a rebound due to policy support aimed at enhancing liquidity for small and medium-sized tech enterprises [11][12] - The consumer sector remains promising, with ongoing policies aimed at stimulating domestic demand expected to continue driving market momentum [12][13] Group 3 - The commodity market is facing downward pressure, primarily driven by the decline in gold prices, which had previously supported the market [6][37] - Short-term recommendations suggest reducing exposure to gold due to its recent overvaluation, while maintaining a cautious approach to other commodities [41][37] - The bond market is viewed as having strong short-term value, particularly in short-duration bonds, as they are more favored by the market [5][34]

Core Viewpoint - In the first four months of 2025, China's total goods trade value increased by 2.4% year-on-year, with exports growing by 7.5% and imports declining by 4.2% [6][8]. Trade Performance - The total value of goods trade in April 2025 reached 3.84 trillion yuan, marking a 5.6% increase. Exports were 2.27 trillion yuan, up 9.3%, while imports were 1.57 trillion yuan, up 0.8% [7]. - In the first four months, general trade and processing trade saw growth, with general trade imports and exports totaling 9.05 trillion yuan, a 0.6% increase, and processing trade totaling 2.54 trillion yuan, a 6.6% increase [8]. Trade Partners - ASEAN emerged as China's largest trading partner, with a total trade value of 2.38 trillion yuan, up 9.2%. The EU followed as the second-largest partner with 1.78 trillion yuan, a 1.1% increase, while trade with the US decreased by 2.1% to 1.44 trillion yuan [9][10]. Enterprise Contributions - Private enterprises contributed significantly to trade, with a total of 8.05 trillion yuan, a 6.8% increase, accounting for 56.9% of total trade. Foreign-invested enterprises contributed 4.1 trillion yuan, a 1.9% increase, while state-owned enterprises saw a decline of 11.3% to 1.96 trillion yuan [11]. Export Composition - Mechanical and electrical products accounted for over 60% of exports, totaling 5.04 trillion yuan, a 9.5% increase. Key growth areas included integrated circuits and automobiles [12]. Import Trends - Major commodity import prices fell, with iron ore down 17.8% and crude oil down 8%. However, imports of mechanical and electrical products increased by 5.7% to 2.23 trillion yuan [13]. Price Trends - In April 2025, the industrial producer price index fell by 2.7% year-on-year, with production material prices down 3.1%. The consumer price index saw a slight decline of 0.1% year-on-year, with food prices down 0.2% [16][20].

Core Viewpoint - The strategic upgrade of free trade zones (FTZs) aims to establish a new high ground for institutional openness through systematic expansion and deep quality enhancement, responding to global geopolitical challenges and promoting high-quality economic development [3]. Group 1: Expansion - The expansion measures focus on emerging fields and regional extension, with Shanghai FTZ leading the way in service industry openness, breaking barriers in technology and data sectors, and dynamically publishing a list of recognized foreign professional qualifications to accelerate talent flow [4]. - Key sectors such as value-added telecommunications and biomedicine are seeing relaxed foreign investment restrictions, with pilot programs in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hainan removing foreign equity limits to attract high-end industries [4]. - Inland and border FTZs are rapidly emerging, exemplified by Chongqing FTZ's introduction of 28 best practice cases covering investment trade and logistics, creating a multi-layered and wide-ranging open matrix [4]. Group 2: Quality Enhancement - The core of quality enhancement lies in institutional innovation and governance optimization, with Xinjiang FTZ implementing a dual-track system of negative lists and special lists to eliminate entry barriers in cross-border agriculture and energy sectors [6]. - The Ningbo area in Zhejiang is leveraging blockchain technology to streamline regulatory processes, reducing quarantine approval times and achieving "one-time declaration, full-process handling" [6]. - Digital trade is emerging as a new engine, with Shanghai exploring a negative list for data outbound and Chongqing innovating a model for reducing domestic railway freight costs in sea-rail intermodal transport [6]. Group 3: Empowering Industry Upgrades - The strategic upgrade has shown significant results, with Guangdong FTZ's import and export total increasing sixfold over ten years and Tianjin FTZ attracting an average of over $2 billion in foreign investment annually [7]. - Institutional dividends are accelerating industrial clustering, with Fujian FTZ's innovative cross-border e-commerce regulatory model driving rapid export growth and Ningbo area establishing a hub for bulk commodity resource allocation, maintaining a leading position in global port throughput [7]. - The FTZs are not only extending geographical boundaries but also deeply tapping into institutional advantages, becoming strategic points connecting domestic and international dual circulation, contributing Chinese wisdom to global economic governance [7].

债务风险：新兴市场与发达经济体双线承压 2025年第二季度，全球金融市场在多重矛盾中持续震荡。主权债务危机、货币政策分化、地缘政治冲突 以及大宗商品价格波动相互交织，形成复杂的风险传导链。尽管部分市场出现短期反弹，但深层结构性 矛盾仍未缓解，投资者需在不确定性中寻找确定性逻辑。 全球公共债务规模持续攀升，成为悬在金融市场头顶的"达摩克利斯之剑"。根据国际货币基金组织 （IMF）数据，2023年全球公共债务占GDP比重已达93.2%，较疫情前增长9个百分点。其中，阿根廷、 土耳其、埃及、巴基斯坦及日本被列为未来6-12个月内最可能爆发金融危机的国家/地区。 债务风险的传导路径清晰：高债务国需通过借新还旧维持偿付能力，但全球利率上升导致融资成本激 增，进一步压缩财政空间。若新兴市场爆发连锁违约，可能引发全球流动性紧缩，冲击高杠杆金融机 构。 政策分化：美联储按兵不动，全球央行转向艰难 地缘博弈：能源安全与供应链重构成焦点 地缘政治冲突通过两条路径冲击金融市场：一是能源价格波动，二是供应链中断。 地缘政治风险还通过"避险情绪"渠道影响市场。2025年5月，黄金价格突破3440美元/盎司，创历史新 高，反映投资者对尾 ...

早盘速递 2025/4/29 热点资讯 重点关注 原油、沪金、燃油、焦煤、PTA、沪铜 夜盘表现 板块表现 -2.50 -2.00 -1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 板块涨跌幅（%） 非金属建材, 2.78% 贵金属, 29.74% 油脂油料, 12.55% 软商品, 2.87% 有色, 18.59% 煤焦钢矿, 13.50% 能源, 2.53% 化工, 12.50% 谷物, 2.03% 农副产品, 2.92% 商 品 各 板 块 资 金 占 比 -10.0% -8.0% -6.0% -4.0% -2.0% 0.0% 2.0% 4.0% -2.00% -1.50% -1.00% -0.50% 0.00% 0.50% 1.00% 1.50% 2.00% 商品期货主力合约夜盘涨跌幅 涨跌幅 增仓比率（右轴） 第 1 页，共 3 页 板块持仓 (1,000,000) (800,000) (600,000) (400,000) (200,000) 0 200,000 400,000 Wind农副产品 Wind谷物 Wind化工 Wind能源 Wind煤焦钢矿 Wind有色 W ...

Report Summary 1. Industry Investment Rating No investment rating information is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - This week, domestic commodities entered a volatile pattern, with industrial products fluctuating and agricultural products rebounding. Multiple factors, including Trump's wavering tariff policies, cautious market sentiment, domestic policy restraint, and the impact of counter - measures on agricultural product supply - demand, contributed to this situation. - The coexistence of bullish and bearish factors will keep the commodity market in a volatile state. Negative factors such as Trump's tariff policies, global economic slowdown, and market sentiment fluctuations are countered by positive domestic policies aimed at expanding domestic demand [3]. 3. Summary by Sections PART ONE: Main Viewpoints - **Global Economic Outlook**: The IMF lowered the 2025 global economic growth forecast from 3.3% to 2.8%, the lowest since 2020, and the 2026 forecast by 0.3 percentage points to 3.0%. Trump's tariff policies, policy uncertainty, and weak demand disrupted global supply chains and dampened investment [3]. - **US Economic Indicators**: The US April manufacturing PMI was 50.7 (below expectations), and the service PMI was 51.4 (above expectations), indicating weakened economic momentum and rising stagflation risks. In March, new housing starts were 724,000 (slightly better than expected), but the high inventory - to - sales ratio (8.2 months) hindered new construction and real - estate investment [3]. - **Eurozone Economic Indicators**: The Eurozone April manufacturing PMI was 48.7, the highest since early 2023 but still below the boom - bust line for 13 months. The marginal improvement was due to short - term order digestion and export - rush effects, and the economic outlook faces significant downside risks [3]. - **Domestic Economic Policies**: The Politburo meeting on April 25 proposed using high - quality development to address external uncertainties. Fiscal and monetary policies will be more actively implemented. The LPR remained unchanged in April, but a second - quarter "timely reserve requirement ratio and interest rate cut" is expected. Industrial enterprise profits improved in Q1 2025, turning from a 3.3% decline in 2024 to a 0.8% increase [3]. PART TWO: Overseas Situation Analysis - **IMF Forecasts**: Lowered 2025 and 2026 global economic growth forecasts due to Trump's tariff policies, policy uncertainty, and weak demand [3][7]. - **US PMI Data**: April manufacturing PMI was 50.7 (below expectations), service PMI was 51.4 (above expectations), suggesting weakened economic momentum and stagflation risks [3][10]. - **US Housing Market**: March new housing starts were 724,000 (slightly better than expected), but the high inventory - to - sales ratio (8.2 months) dampened new construction and investment [3][13]. - **Eurozone PMI**: April manufacturing PMI was 48.7, the highest since early 2023 but below the boom - bust line for 13 months, with short - term factors driving the marginal improvement [3][16]. PART THREE: Domestic Situation Analysis - **Policy Meeting**: The Politburo meeting on April 25 emphasized high - quality development and more active implementation of fiscal and monetary policies [3][20]. - **LPR Trends**: LPR remained unchanged in April due to stable policy rates, low bank net interest margins, and strong Q1 economic performance. A Q2 cut is expected [3][23]. - **Industrial Profits**: Industrial enterprise profits improved in Q1 2025, turning from a 3.3% decline in 2024 to a 0.8% increase, with March profits growing 2.6% [3][26]. PART FOUR: High - Frequency Data Tracking - **PTA and Related Industries**: On April 25, PTA - related factory operating rates showed certain levels, e.g., POY and PTA had specific operating rate percentages [34]. - **Automobile Sales**: As of April 27, 30 - day automobile sales data showed growth rates, and data from April 1 - 20 also had corresponding sales volumes and growth rates [40]. - **Agricultural Products**: On April 25, the average wholesale prices of some agricultural products and the Agricultural Products Wholesale Price 200 Index had specific values and changes [41][42].

Group 1: Dollar's Plunge - The dollar index has fallen below 99, marking its lowest level since April 2022, with a daily drop exceeding 1% and a cumulative decline of nearly 6% in April, and over 9% year-to-date [1][3] - The rapid decline of the dollar has led to a surge in other currencies like the euro and yen, which have significantly appreciated against the dollar [3][4] - The drop in the dollar's value has prompted a massive influx of capital into gold, as investors seek refuge from the declining dollar [4] Group 2: Policy Impact - Trump's tariff policies are identified as a key trigger for the dollar's decline, disrupting the previous balance of the dollar's global circulation [5][8] - The imposition of high tariffs has resulted in reduced exports from China to the U.S., leading to a decrease in the dollar's circulation and demand in international markets [8][9] - Trump's erratic policy announcements have created uncertainty, causing investors to flee from dollar assets in search of more stable investments [9] Group 3: Economic Indicators - Economic indicators in the U.S. have been showing signs of weakness since January, with a continuous decline in the Citi Economic Surprise Index [10][11] - Major U.S. corporations are reporting disappointing earnings, particularly in the tech and retail sectors, contributing to investor concerns about the future economic outlook [13] - The overall sentiment among investors is shifting away from dollar assets due to fears of an impending economic recession in the U.S. [13] Group 4: Global De-dollarization - A global trend of de-dollarization is emerging, with countries like Russia leading the charge by selling off U.S. Treasury bonds and shifting trade settlements to currencies like the euro and yuan [14][17] - Other nations, including India and Iran, are also reducing their reliance on the dollar for trade, opting for local currencies instead [17] - This de-dollarization movement is seen as a response to the risks associated with over-reliance on the dollar, particularly in light of potential U.S. financial sanctions [17] Group 5: Impact on Individuals and Markets - The dollar's decline is expected to affect ordinary consumers, especially those planning to study or travel abroad, as the value of the dollar fluctuates [18][19] - The volatility of the dollar may lead to increased prices for commodities priced in dollars, impacting stock markets and investor confidence [21] - The real estate market may experience mixed effects, with potential capital outflows in cities heavily reliant on foreign investment, while a stronger yuan could attract some foreign capital [21] Group 6: Future Outlook - The long-term implications of the dollar's decline remain uncertain, but it is clear that the global economic and financial landscape is undergoing significant changes [23] - Investors are advised to consider diversifying their portfolios away from dollar assets, potentially including gold and other stable currencies [23] - The current situation presents both challenges and opportunities, emphasizing the need for investors to remain vigilant and adaptable in their strategies [23]

文 ： 华创证券研究所副所长 、首席宏观分析师 张瑜（执业证号：S0360518090001） 2 、商品房住宅销售仍偏弱。 我们统计的 67 个城市， 3 月前四周，地产成交较去年 -6.8% 。 2 月全月同比 +3% 。 3 、贸易：国内高频量价齐跌。量， 3 月 16 日当周，我国监测港口集装箱吞吐量环比 -3.3% ，前值 +9.6% ；四周累计同比为 16.5% ，高于 1-2 月八周累计同比 10.3% 。 价 ， 3 月 21 日，上海出口集装箱运价综合 指数环比 -2.0% ，前值 -8.1% 。欧洲、北美、南美航线运价均回落。 联系人： 陆银波（15210860866） 报告摘要 景气向上 1 、华创宏观 WEI 指数有所回升： 截至 3 月 23 日，该指数为 5.16% ，较 3 月 16 日上行 0.76% 。同 9 月 底相比，同比增速仍然回升的分项涉及：基建（沥青开工率）、服务消费（电影票房）、耐用品消费（乘 用车批零）、地产（商品房成交面积）、工业生产（钢厂线材产量、秦皇岛煤炭吞吐量）。 同 9 月底相 比，同比增速持平甚至回落的分项涉及 ：外需（ BDI ）、工业生产（ PT ...