01 重要事件回顾 1、中国商务部国际贸易谈判代表兼副部长李成钢29日晚在瑞典斯德哥尔摩说，根据中 美新一轮经贸会谈共识，双方将继续推动已暂停的美方对等关税24%部分以及中方反制 措施如期展期。 8、美国7月就业增长超预期放缓，美国7月季调后非农就业人口录得7.3万人，远低于市 场预期的11万人。同时前月数据被大幅下修，显示劳动力市场显著降温。 2、7月30日，中共中央政治局召开会议，分析研究当前经济形势和经济工作。会议重申 稳中求进的工作总基调，延续了4月政治局会议中"加紧实施更加积极有为的宏观政策"的 表述。货币政策适度宽松取向不变，但未提及降准降息。会议指出，依法依规治理企业 无序竞争。推进重点行业产能治理。规范地方招商引资行为。坚持"两个毫不动摇"，激 发各类经营主体活力。 3、7月30日，美联储如期按兵不动，将联邦基金利率目标区间维持在4.25%至4.50%。 这是美联储连续第五次在货币政策会议上决定暂停降息。鲍威尔在最新一轮货币政策会 议后的新闻发布会上表示，美联储尚未就9月利率做出任何决定。 4、7月30日，美国经济分析局公布2025年二季度GDP数据初值：二季度实际GDP年化 季率初值+3.0 ...

Core Insights - The market experienced its smoothest main upward phase since the beginning of the year in July, with a 3.74% increase and a maximum drawdown of 1.18% [3][6] - The "anti-involution" policies and the emphasis on stabilizing growth in key industries contributed to market acceleration and improved profit-making effects [3][6] - Small-cap, growth, and loss-making stocks outperformed in July, with sectors like steel, pharmaceuticals, building materials, and communications leading the gains [3][10] Market Performance Summary - In July, the market saw a significant increase, with the main index rising 3.74% and achieving the highest monthly Sharpe and Calmar ratios of the year [6][8] - The average number of stocks hitting the daily limit dropped from over 70 to around 50 by the end of July, indicating a slight easing in profit-making effects [3][43] - The small-cap index outperformed the large-cap index, with small-cap stocks rising 5.54% compared to 3.48% for large-cap stocks [10] Industry Analysis - The report highlights the importance of identifying companies that only incur losses in profits but maintain positive cash flow, particularly in the cement and chemical sectors [3][98] - The "anti-involution" theme is expected to drive excess returns, with a projected initial pulse of around 20 percentage points, particularly benefiting small-cap stocks [3][91] - Industries experiencing supply contraction and rising demand include upstream coking coal, midstream engineering machinery, and downstream white goods and pharmaceuticals [3][115] Thematic Investment Focus - The report emphasizes the significance of the "14th Five-Year Plan" and the industries benefiting from childbirth subsidies, including maternal and infant products, children's healthcare, and early education services [3][118] - Key areas of focus include digital transformation in industries and consumption services, particularly in regions like the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area and the Yangtze River Delta [3][120]

每周 一景：新疆 喀拉峻 点击右上角菜单，收听朗读版 【宏观】 就业的"滞"和价格的"胀"：美联储的两难选择 非农数据：下修幅度超出市场预期。 7月美国非农新增就业数据不及预期，更让市场担忧的是5月和6月数据的大幅下修。从历史上来看，此次非农数据的下 修幅度较为少见，引起了市场对数据质量的疑虑，我们通过与ADP就业数据对比，倾向于认为美国私人部门就业市场确实有所走弱。 中国经济与资本市场发展的熊。形势压力如今已然是共识，股票价格反映的是投资者对未来的预期。也应看到中国转型步伐加快，创新持续涌现；长期利率破 2后，无风险收益系统性下沉；围绕提高投资者回报，资本市场改革纵深提速，"转型牛"得以确立。展望后市股指还有新高，歇脚调整应逆向提高中国仓位。 中国股市"转型牛"的关键动力一：经济转型和新兴业态初露峥嵘。 目前，传统周期动力正在出清、触底和磨底，去库存企稳的能见度在提高。2025年以来， 新技术趋势和新消费动向持续涌现，资本开支开启上升趋势。在"实然"不足的时期，解决问题的"应然"是关键，中国政策的重心向发展倾斜，财政扩表支持 民生、提振消费与改善企业现金流；反内卷的背后是经济治理思路的转变，持续优化和推进是 ...

国泰君安期货-黑色金属周报合集 国泰君安期货研究所 黑色金属团队 | 林小春 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0000526 | linxiaochun@gtht.com | | --- | --- | --- | | 李亚飞 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0021184 | liyafei2@gtht.com | | 刘豫武 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0021518 | liuyuwu@gtht.com | | 张广硕 | 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0020198 | zhangguangshuo@gtht.com | | 金园园 | （联系人）从业资格号：F03134630 | jinyuanyuan2@gtht.com | 2025年08月03日 Guotai Junan Futures all rights reserved, please do not reprint CONTENTS 1、钢材观点：政策预期缓和，钢价小幅回落 2、铁矿石观点：情绪回落，震荡下修 3、焦煤焦炭周度观点：焦炭一轮提涨开启，震荡偏强 4、铁合金观点：市场情绪降温，交易回归基本面 Special report on Guotai Jun ...

如有疑问请以音频内容为准，添加妙妙子微信huxiuvip302，入群有机会与董小姐进一步交流。 新闻解读评级说明：五星重磅，四星重要，三星级以下大家选择听。 1、美股大跌，特朗普会被迫调整政策吗？ 这个周末，多条消息似乎又给大家带来一丝希望。它们究竟是真是假、影响几何？我们逐条梳理。 本篇评级为★★★，主要围绕以下内容展开： 1、美股大跌，特朗普会被迫调整政策吗？ 2、国债利息收税，对个人有何影响？ 3、成交量大幅收缩，意味着什么？ 先回顾市场：自上周四起，大盘进入快速下跌，此前领涨的去产能赛道——煤炭、多晶硅等——普遍深 调，行业跌幅约5%，钢铁龙头跌幅逾10%；科技板块亦未能幸免，芯片、AI概念小幅回撤，唯有银行 等避险方向逆势上涨。为何风云突变？我们在前两日音频中已提前分析，此处不再赘述，重点看周末的 新消息能否为下行趋势"踩刹车"。 第一条逻辑线：中美扰动。用四个字形容，周末的消息可谓"天助我也"。 上周五美国公布7月非农就业仅增7.3万，远低于预期；更糟的是，5月、6月数据被大幅下修——5月由 13.3万下修至1.9万，6月由12.5万下修至1.4万，华尔街直呼"数据已不可信"。特朗普旋即换人，宣布 ...

Group 1 - The July Politburo meeting decided to hold the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee in October to discuss the "14th Five-Year Plan" proposals, emphasizing the need for "solid foundation and comprehensive efforts" for achieving socialist modernization [12][13] - The macro policy focus has shifted from "quantity" to "quality," with the removal of phrases like "timely reserve requirement ratio and interest rate cuts," indicating a more cautious approach to economic stimulus [12][13] - The "de-rolling" policy has been officially defined, with a focus on "key industries" and a shift away from real estate-related discussions, reflecting a new development model in the real estate sector [13] Group 2 - The manufacturing PMI for July was reported at 49.3%, a decrease of 0.4 percentage points, indicating a contraction in the manufacturing sector, with both supply and demand showing signs of decline [14] - Recent supply-demand policies have led to price increases in some commodities, which may boost PPI expectations; however, historical data suggests that price increases driven by strong reality tend to be more sustainable than those driven by strong expectations [14][15] Group 3 - The recent US-China trade talks have resulted in a temporary suspension of tariffs, but the long-term risks associated with reciprocal tariffs should not be underestimated, as the situation remains fluid and subject to change [17][20] - The trade talks have not yielded unexpected results, merely postponing risk points by 90 days, and the experience from the 2018 trade war indicates that the US stance can be unpredictable [20] Group 4 - The A-share market has seen a significant improvement in liquidity, with financing balances exceeding 2024 levels, indicating a potential for continued market performance [22] - The relationship between the stock and bond markets is characterized by a "see-saw" effect, where funds are shifting from the bond market to the stock market, driven by improved expectations for fundamentals [22][23] Group 5 - The overall profit expectations for A-shares in 2025 are likely to be weak, with a downward trend expected in the second and third quarters, followed by a potential recovery in the fourth quarter [25] - The profit growth in A-shares is primarily driven by year-on-year net profit margin increases, while revenue growth remains under pressure, indicating a challenging demand environment [25][27] Group 6 - The upcoming mid-year report disclosures in August are expected to enhance the importance of performance trading, with stocks showing high growth and strong opening characteristics likely to yield good returns [30] - Key industries to focus on in August include motorcycles and others, optical electronics, traditional Chinese medicine, lighting equipment, and agriculture [30][36] Group 7 - The recommended stocks for August include Lu'an Huanneng, which is positioned as a top choice for coking coal due to its resilient demand and potential for production capacity increases [37][38] - China Aluminum is highlighted for its strong position in the global aluminum industry, with expected profit increases driven by rising production volumes [37]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the metals and new materials industry, particularly emphasizing investment opportunities in precious metals [4]. Core Insights - The report highlights significant adjustments in U.S. employment data, suggesting a shift in focus towards precious metal investments due to increased economic uncertainty [4]. - It notes a decline in various metal prices, with precious metals experiencing a mixed performance, while industrial metals face downward pressure due to seasonal demand and tariff impacts [5][10]. - The report suggests that the central bank's continued gold purchases indicate a long-term bullish trend for gold prices, with specific companies recommended for investment [5][22]. Weekly Market Review - The Shanghai Composite Index fell by 0.94%, while the Shenzhen Component and CSI 300 Index dropped by 1.58% and 1.75%, respectively. The non-ferrous metals index underperformed, decreasing by 4.62% [6]. - Precious metals saw a 4.11% decline, with industrial metals like aluminum and copper also experiencing significant drops [10]. - Year-to-date performance shows precious metals up by 30.47%, indicating a strong recovery potential despite recent declines [10]. Price Changes and Company Valuations - The report details price changes for various metals, with copper, aluminum, and lead showing declines of 1.42%, 2.64%, and 2.11%, respectively, while gold prices increased by 2.32% [15]. - Key companies in the industry are evaluated, with specific price-to-earnings (PE) and price-to-book (PB) ratios provided for major players like Zijin Mining and Shandong Gold [19][20]. Precious Metals Analysis - The report indicates that the U.S. non-farm payrolls data has created a favorable environment for gold investments, with central bank purchases expected to support price increases [22]. - The gold ETF holdings have slightly decreased, but the overall sentiment remains positive due to ongoing purchases by the Chinese central bank [22]. Industrial Metals Overview - Copper supply is under pressure due to increased tariffs on imports, while demand remains stable with slight increases in production rates [33]. - Aluminum prices have decreased, but the report anticipates a long-term upward trend due to supply constraints and policy support [49]. Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on companies with strong fundamentals and growth potential in the metals sector, particularly those involved in gold mining and aluminum production [5][19].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is positive, indicating a favorable outlook for the sector [1][22]. Core Viewpoints - The report emphasizes optimism for the steel industry during the peak seasons of September and October, suggesting that the current price declines should not deter investment [1]. - The report highlights that the overall inventory levels for major steel products have shown a slight increase, which may impact future pricing dynamics [4]. - The report notes that the average daily production of molten iron is projected to remain stable, indicating a balanced supply-demand scenario [8]. Summary by Sections Price Trends - The SW Steel Index has decreased by 2.2% week-on-week but has increased by 16.4% year-to-date [3]. - The price of rebar (HRB400 20mm) is currently at 3,350 CNY per ton, reflecting a week-on-week decline of 2.9% and a year-to-date decrease of 1.8% [3]. Inventory Levels - The total social inventory of the five major steel products stands at 941,000 tons, with a year-to-date increase of 2% [4]. - The total inventory at steel mills is reported at 410,000 tons, which has increased by 16.9% year-to-date [4]. Supply and Demand - The report indicates that the average daily production of major steel products is expected to remain consistent, supporting stable market conditions [8]. - The report also mentions that the iron ore price index is currently at 99 USD per ton, down by 3.5% week-on-week [3].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the steel industry is "Positive" [2] Core Viewpoints - The steel market is expected to remain strong overall due to ongoing production cuts and favorable demand conditions, despite recent price declines and inventory increases [3][4] - The report highlights that while the steel industry faces supply-demand imbalances, the implementation of "stability growth" policies is likely to support steel demand, particularly in real estate and infrastructure sectors [3][4] - The report suggests that the industry is moving towards a more concentrated supply structure, which may stabilize the overall supply-demand situation [3][4] Summary by Sections Market Performance - The steel sector declined by 2.26% this week, underperforming the broader market, with specific declines in various sub-sectors: special steel down 1.28%, long products down 4.00%, and flat products down 1.80% [10][12] - Iron ore and steel raw materials also saw declines, with iron ore down 5.96% and steel consumables down 3.74% [12] Supply Data - As of August 1, the average daily pig iron production was 2.4071 million tons, a week-on-week decrease of 1.52 tons, but a year-on-year increase of 1.10 tons [25] - The capacity utilization rate for blast furnaces was 90.2%, down 0.57 percentage points week-on-week, while electric furnace utilization increased by 1.56 percentage points to 57.1% [25] Demand Data - Total consumption of the five major steel products was 8.52 million tons, a week-on-week decrease of 161,000 tons, reflecting a 1.85% decline [35] - The transaction volume of construction steel by mainstream traders was 94,000 tons, down 2.07 tons week-on-week, marking an 18.00% decrease [35] Inventory Data - Social inventory of the five major steel products increased to 9.424 million tons, up 152,900 tons week-on-week, but down 25.37% year-on-year [43] - Factory inventory remained stable at 4.095 million tons, with a slight week-on-week increase of 1,000 tons [43] Price Trends - The comprehensive index for ordinary steel was 3,563.9 yuan/ton, down 42.25 yuan/ton week-on-week, while the special steel index increased slightly to 6,629.6 yuan/ton [49] - The profit for rebar production was 200 yuan/ton, a significant decrease of 82.0 yuan/ton week-on-week [57] Raw Material Prices - The spot price index for Australian iron ore (62% Fe) was 770 yuan/ton, down 13.0 yuan/ton week-on-week [70] - The price for first-grade metallurgical coke was 1,660 yuan/ton, up 55.0 yuan/ton week-on-week [70] Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on regional leaders with advanced equipment and environmental standards, as well as companies benefiting from the new energy cycle and high-margin special steel producers [3][4]

广发证券 资深宏观分析师 贺骁束 hexiaoshu@ gf.com.cn 广发宏观郭磊团队 报告摘要 第一， 1993年以来经历了四轮通胀回落周期，前三轮主要背景依次为亚洲金融危机、全球次贷危机，以及欧债危机余波和国内产能周期叠加。本轮背景（2022- 2024 ） 主 要 是 房 地 产 周 期 下 台 阶 、 地 方 化 债 、 部 分 产 业 供 给 增 长 过 快 等 三 大 因 素 叠 加 。 过 去 三 轮 周 期 的 平 减 指 数 季 度 谷 底 读 数 分 别 为-1.61%、-1.35%、-0.28%，本轮平减指数于2024年一季度短暂触底，但后续走势仍较弱，今年二季度再度触及-1.2%的本轮周期低位。 第二， 为什么会出现这种情况？我们如果以CRB指数、南华综合指数两个指标的同比作为"外部"和"内部"的价格坐标，CRB同比谷底在2023年3月，后续整体震 荡上行，最新的2025年7月数据仍延续新高；南华综合指数同比自2024年三季度出现再度下行，并在2025年5月一度创下本轮新低。若以"GDP平减指数 VS 螺 铜比"（螺纹钢和铜分别代表内外定价因素）来观测，其经验走势吻合度也较高，两 ...