市场主流观点汇总 2025/8/26 此报告，意在客观反映行业内期货公司、证券公司对大宗商品各品种的 研究观点，追踪热点品种，分析市场投资情绪，总结投资驱动逻辑等。 本报告不构成个人投资建议，仅供公司内部使用，仅作参考之用。 报告说明 期货从业资格证号：F3036000 投资咨询从业资格证号：Z0016090 黄 恬 期货从业资格证号：F03100883 投资咨询从业资格证号：Z0021089 | 报告中策略观点和投资逻辑是基于所采纳的机构当周公开发布的研究报 | | --- | | 告，对于各期货品种的多空观点、交易逻辑进行整理加工汇总而成，收 | | 盘价数据选择上周五，周度涨跌为上周五较前一周五收盘价变动幅度。 | | 【行情数据】 | | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 资产类别 | 细分品种 | 收盘价 | | 周度涨跌情况 | | | | | 数据时点 | | 2025/8/22 | | 2025/8/18 | 至 | 2025/8/22 | | | | PTA | 4868.00 | PTA | | ...

贴水持续收敛，市场情绪延续乐观 [Table_ReportTime] 2025 年 8 月 23 日 请阅读最后一页免责声明及信息披露 http://www.cindasc.com 1 [Table_FirstAuthor] 于明明 金融工程与金融产品首席分析师 执业编号：S1500521070001 联系电话：+86 18616021459 邮 箱：yumingming@cindasc.com 证券研究报告 金工研究 崔诗笛 金融工程与金融产品 金融工程分析师 执业编号：S1500523080001 联系电话：+86 18516560686 邮 箱：cuishidi@cindasc.com 孙石 金融工程与金融产品 金融工程分析师 执业编号：S1500523080010 联系电话：+86 18817366228 邮 箱：sunshi@cindasc.com 信达证券股份有限公司 CINDA SECURITIES CO.,LTD 北京市西城区宣武门西大街甲 127 号金隅 大厦 B座 邮编：100031 [贴水持续收敛 Table_Title] ，市场情绪延续乐观 [Table_ReportDate] 202 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core View of the Report - The report presents the daily arbitrage data of various futures varieties of Baocheng Futures on August 22, 2025, including power coal, energy chemicals, black metals, non - ferrous metals, agricultural products, and stock index futures [1][5][21][27][39][50] Summary by Category Power Coal - The table shows the basis and spreads (5 - 1 month, 9 - 1 month, 9 - 5 month) of power coal from August 15 to August 21, 2025. The basis on August 21 was - 97.4 yuan/ton, and the spreads were all 0.0 [1][2] Energy and Chemicals Energy Commodities - Data on the basis of energy commodities (fuel oil, INE crude oil, crude oil/asphalt) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are provided, along with the ratio of crude oil to asphalt and other information [7] Chemical Commodities - The basis data of chemical commodities (rubber, methanol, PTA, LLDPE, V, PP) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are presented. For example, the basis of rubber on August 21 was - 920 yuan/ton [9] - The table shows the inter - period spreads (5 - 1 month, 9 - 1 month, 9 - 5 month) of chemical commodities (rubber, methanol, PTA, LLDPE, PVC, PP, ethylene glycol) and inter - variety spreads (LLDPE - PVC, LLDPE - PP, PP - PVC, PP - 3*methanol) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 [11] Black Metals - The basis data of black metals (rebar, iron ore, coke, coking coal) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are given. For instance, the basis of rebar on August 21 was 199.0 yuan/ton [21] - The inter - period spreads (5 - 1 month, 9(10) - 1 month, 9(10) - 5 month) and inter - variety spreads (rebar/iron ore, rebar/coke, coke/coking coal, rebar - hot - rolled coil) of black metals are presented [20] Non - Ferrous Metals Domestic Market - The domestic basis data of non - ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, nickel, tin) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are shown. For example, the basis of copper on August 21 was 220 yuan/ton [28] London Market - Data on LME non - ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, nickel, tin) on August 21, 2025 are provided, including LME premium/discount, Shanghai - London ratio, CIF, domestic spot price, and import profit and loss [34] Agricultural Products - The basis data of agricultural products (soybean No.1, soybean No.2, soybean meal, soybean oil, corn, etc.) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are presented [39] - The inter - period spreads (5 - 1 month, 9 - 1 month, 9 - 5 month) of agricultural products (soybean No.1, soybean No.2, soybean meal, soybean oil, rapeseed meal, etc.) are shown [39] - The inter - variety spreads (soybean No.1/corn, soybean No.2/corn, soybean oil/soybean meal, soybean meal - rapeseed meal, etc.) of agricultural products from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are provided [39] Stock Index Futures - The basis data of stock index futures (CSI 300, SSE 50, CSI 500, CSI 1000) from August 15 to August 21, 2025 are given. For example, the basis of CSI 300 on August 21 was 5.87 [51] - The inter - period spreads (next month - current month, next quarter - current quarter) of stock index futures are presented [53]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the given content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report The report objectively reflects the research views of futures and securities companies on various commodity varieties, tracks hot - spot varieties, analyzes market investment sentiment, and summarizes investment driving logics. It presents the market mainstream views on different asset classes, including their price changes and the corresponding multi - and short - term logics[2]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Market Price Data - **Commodities**: From August 11 to August 15, 2025, palm oil had the highest weekly increase of 5.11% at a closing price of 9460.00; while gold had the largest weekly decline of 1.52% at a closing price of 775.80. Other commodities like polysilicon, bean meal also showed varying degrees of increase or decrease[3]. - **Stocks**: A - shares (CSI 500, SSE 50, etc.), overseas stocks (Nikkei 225, S&P 500, etc.) generally showed an upward trend. For example, CSI 500 increased by 3.88%[3]. - **Bonds**: Chinese 10 - year government bonds increased by 2.36%, while 2 - year government bonds decreased by 0.26%[3]. - **Foreign Exchange**: The euro against the US dollar increased by 0.54%, while the US dollar index decreased by 0.43%[3]. 3.2 Commodity Views 3.2.1 Macro - Financial Sector - **Stock Index Futures**: Among 8 institutions, 4 were bullish, 1 was bearish, and 3 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors included increased trading volume in the stock market, favorable policies, and improved liquidity. Bearish factors were potential over - heating in some indices and high A - share valuations[5]. - **Treasury Bond Futures**: Among 7 institutions, 1 was bullish, 3 were bearish, and 3 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors were loose funds, central bank's net injection, and weak economic data. Bearish factors were volatile long - term bonds and strong stock market performance[5]. 3.2.2 Energy Sector - **Crude Oil**: Among 9 institutions, 2 were bullish, 4 were bearish, and 3 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors included high - load operation of US refineries and expected end of OPEC+ production increase. Bearish factors were the progress of US - Russia summit and the slowdown of Asian oil demand[6]. 3.2.3 Agricultural Products Sector - **Palm Oil**: Among 8 institutions, 4 were bullish and 4 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors were strong export data and low inventory in some regions. Bearish factors were the call for policy re - evaluation in Indonesia and increased domestic inventory[6]. 3.2.4 Non - Ferrous Metals Sector - **Aluminum**: Among 7 institutions, 1 was bullish, 1 was bearish, and 5 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors were improved macro - policies and low domestic inventory. Bearish factors were US tariff expansion and unstable trade situation[7]. 3.2.5 Chemical Sector - **Methanol**: Among 8 institutions, 5 were bearish and 3 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors were policy support and cost increase. Bearish factors were high import volume and low demand in the off - season[7]. 3.2.6 Precious Metals Sector - **Gold**: Among 8 institutions, 1 was bearish and 7 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors were expected Fed rate cuts and economic data deterioration. Bearish factors were high PPI data and improved risk appetite[8]. 3.2.7 Black Metals Sector - **Iron Ore**: Among 8 institutions, 1 was bullish, 3 were bearish, and 4 expected a sideways trend. Bullish factors were increased iron - water production and decreased global shipments. Bearish factors were increased port inventory and weak demand for steel products[8].

Quantitative Models and Construction Methods 1. Model Name: Continuous Hedging Strategy - **Model Construction Idea**: This strategy is based on the analysis of basis convergence factors and optimization strategies, as detailed in the "Cinda Financial Engineering Derivatives Research Report Series III"[44] - **Model Construction Process**: - **Backtesting Period**: From July 22, 2022, to August 15, 2025[45] - **Spot Side**: Hold the total return index of the corresponding underlying index[45] - **Futures Side**: Use 70% of the funds for the spot side and allocate the same nominal principal amount to short futures contracts of CSI 500, CSI 300, SSE 50, and CSI 1000 indices, occupying the remaining 30% of the funds[45] - **Rebalancing Rules**: Continuously hold quarterly/monthly contracts until the remaining time to maturity is less than 2 days, then close the position at the closing price and simultaneously short the next quarterly/monthly contract at the closing price[45] - **Assumptions**: Equal allocation of principal between spot and futures sides, excluding transaction fees, impact costs, and the indivisibility of futures contracts[45] 2. Model Name: Minimum Basis Strategy - **Model Construction Idea**: This strategy selects contracts with the smallest annualized basis discount to optimize hedging performance[46] - **Model Construction Process**: - **Backtesting Period**: From July 22, 2022, to August 15, 2025[46] - **Spot Side**: Hold the total return index of the corresponding underlying index[46] - **Futures Side**: Use 70% of the funds for the spot side and allocate the same nominal principal amount to short futures contracts of CSI 500, CSI 300, SSE 50, and CSI 1000 indices, occupying the remaining 30% of the funds[46] - **Rebalancing Rules**: Calculate the annualized basis for all tradable futures contracts on the day of rebalancing and select the contract with the smallest basis discount for opening positions. Hold the same contract for 8 trading days or until the remaining time to maturity is less than 8 days before selecting a new contract[46] - **Assumptions**: Equal allocation of principal between spot and futures sides, excluding transaction fees, impact costs, and the indivisibility of futures contracts[46] --- Model Backtesting Results 1. Continuous Hedging Strategy - **CSI 500**: - Annualized Return: -3.00% (monthly), -2.17% (quarterly)[48] - Volatility: 3.82% (monthly), 4.71% (quarterly)[48] - Maximum Drawdown: -9.01% (monthly), -8.34% (quarterly)[48] - Net Value: 0.9112 (monthly), 0.9351 (quarterly)[48] - Annual Turnover: 12 (monthly), 4 (quarterly)[48] - 2025 YTD Return: -4.34% (monthly), -1.89% (quarterly)[48] - **CSI 300**: - Annualized Return: 0.42% (monthly), 0.57% (quarterly)[51] - Volatility: 2.97% (monthly), 3.32% (quarterly)[51] - Maximum Drawdown: -3.95% (monthly), -4.03% (quarterly)[51] - Net Value: 1.0128 (monthly), 1.0174 (quarterly)[51] - Annual Turnover: 12 (monthly), 4 (quarterly)[51] - 2025 YTD Return: -1.06% (monthly), -0.24% (quarterly)[51] - **SSE 50**: - Annualized Return: 0.98% (monthly), 1.87% (quarterly)[56] - Volatility: 3.08% (monthly), 3.50% (quarterly)[56] - Maximum Drawdown: -4.22% (monthly), -3.76% (quarterly)[56] - Net Value: 1.0301 (monthly), 1.0583 (quarterly)[56] - Annual Turnover: 12 (monthly), 4 (quarterly)[56] - 2025 YTD Return: -0.08% (monthly), 0.89% (quarterly)[56] - **CSI 1000**: - Annualized Return: -6.19% (monthly), -4.65% (quarterly)[60] - Volatility: 4.71% (monthly), 5.76% (quarterly)[60] - Maximum Drawdown: -14.01% (monthly), -12.63% (quarterly)[60] - Net Value: 0.8362 (monthly), 0.8654 (quarterly)[60] - Annual Turnover: 12 (monthly), 4 (quarterly)[60] - 2025 YTD Return: -10.21% (monthly), -5.84% (quarterly)[60] 2. Minimum Basis Strategy - **CSI 500**: - Annualized Return: -1.32%[48] - Volatility: 4.60%[48] - Maximum Drawdown: -7.97%[48] - Net Value: 0.9603[48] - Annual Turnover: 17.36[48] - 2025 YTD Return: -1.85%[48] - **CSI 300**: - Annualized Return: 1.22%[51] - Volatility: 3.10%[51] - Maximum Drawdown: -4.06%[51] - Net Value: 1.0378[51] - Annual Turnover: 15.39[51] - 2025 YTD Return: 0.41%[51] - **SSE 50**: - Annualized Return: 1.64%[56] - Volatility: 3.10%[56] - Maximum Drawdown: -3.91%[56] - Net Value: 1.0509[56] - Annual Turnover: 16.05[56] - 2025 YTD Return: 0.97%[56] - **CSI 1000**: - Annualized Return: -4.02%[60] - Volatility: 5.56%[60] - Maximum Drawdown: -11.11%[60] - Net Value: 0.8720[60] - Annual Turnover: 15.97[60] - 2025 YTD Return: -5.09%[60] --- Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods 1. Factor Name: Cinda-VIX - **Factor Construction Idea**: Reflects investors' expectations of future volatility in the options market, with a term structure to capture expectations over different time horizons[62] - **Factor Construction Process**: Adjusted based on overseas methodologies and tailored to China's options market[62] - **Factor Evaluation**: Provides insights into market volatility expectations and serves as a valuable tool for risk management[62] 2. Factor Name: Cinda-SKEW - **Factor Construction Idea**: Measures the skewness of implied volatility across different strike prices, capturing market expectations of tail risks[69] - **Factor Construction Process**: Analyzes the slope of implied volatility to assess market sentiment towards extreme events[69] - **Factor Evaluation**: Useful for identifying market concerns about potential large-scale risks, often referred to as the "Black Swan Index"[70] --- Factor Backtesting Results 1. Cinda-VIX - **30-Day VIX Values**: - SSE 50: 24.25[62] - CSI 300: 24.25[62] - CSI 500: 28.09[62] - CSI 1000: 27.87[62] 2. Cinda-SKEW - **SKEW Values**: - SSE 50: 100.82[70] - CSI 300: 105.10[70] - CSI 500: 99.01[70] - CSI 1000: 109.56[70]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the performance differences among various index funds, particularly focusing on the volatility and returns of large-cap and small-cap indices over the past decade, highlighting the challenges in choosing the best investment strategy among them [3][5][24]. Performance Analysis of Different Indices - Historical data shows significant performance disparities among indices of different sizes over the past ten years, with the 中证2000 exhibiting the highest volatility and returns during bullish phases, while the 沪深300 remains relatively stable [5][7]. - The 中证全指 demonstrates a balanced performance, generally staying within a moderate range with fewer extreme fluctuations compared to other indices [5][7]. Bull Market Performance - In 2014, all five indices saw substantial gains, with 沪深300 and 中证2000 both around 50%, while 中证全指, 中证500, and 中证1000 had returns between 30%-45% [10]. - The year 2015 marked extreme differentiation, with 中证2000 soaring over 100%, while 沪深300 showed minimal growth [11]. - In 2019, all indices rose moderately, with gains concentrated in the 20%-35% range, favoring 沪深300 and 中证全指 slightly [12]. - The year 2020 saw a general tightening of gains, with most indices recording increases between 10%-20%, and 沪深300 slightly outperforming small-cap indices [13]. Bear Market Performance - During bear markets, indices generally experienced significant declines, with the depth of the drop closely related to market capitalization structure [17]. - In 2016, the 中证全指 and 沪深300 fell by 5%-8%, while 中证500 and 中证1000 dropped by 10%-15%, and 中证2000 remained relatively stable [17]. - The year 2018 witnessed a severe downturn, with 中证1000 and 中证2000 suffering losses of nearly 40% and over 35%, respectively, while large-cap indices also faced declines exceeding 25% [18]. - In 2022, all indices recorded declines in the 15%-25% range, with small-cap indices and 中证全指 experiencing slightly larger drops, while 沪深300 fared better [19]. - In 2023, most indices recorded slight declines or remained flat, with only 中证2000 achieving approximately 2% positive returns, indicating that small-cap indices often bear greater adjustment pressure in bear markets [20]. Summary of Returns and Volatility - 中证2000 has the highest cumulative return at nearly 197% with an annualized return of 10.19% and a volatility of 28.26%, indicating high elasticity and risk [23]. - 中证全指 and 沪深300 show long-term returns of 84.46% and 79.11%, respectively, with annualized returns in the 5%-6% range and lower volatility, reflecting stability and balanced returns [23]. - 中证500 and 中证1000 fall in between, with cumulative returns of 67.92% and 55.63%, annualized returns slightly below 5%, and volatility ranging from 21%-27% [23]. Investment Strategy Recommendations - The article suggests that small-cap indices perform better during favorable market conditions but come with higher volatility and drawdown risks, while large-cap and broad-based indices offer more stable returns [24]. - A diversified investment approach, such as balancing large-cap and small-cap allocations and integrating growth and value styles, is recommended to enhance adaptability across different market conditions [24].

Market Data Summary - The report presents the closing prices and weekly price changes of various assets as of August 1, 2025, compared to July 28, 2025. Commodities like crude oil had a 2.92% increase, while most others, such as palm oil, soybean meal, and copper, experienced declines. A - shares, overseas stocks, and bonds also mostly saw negative changes, with exceptions like the US dollar index and US dollar mid - price showing increases [2]. Commodity Views Summary Macro - Financial Sector Stock Index Futures - The report collected views from 8 institutions, with 3 bullish, 2 bearish, and 3 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors include the upcoming full - scale opening of childcare subsidy applications, the World Artificial Intelligence Conference boosting the tech sector, central bank liquidity injection, and the extension of the tariff buffer period. Bearish factors involve the lack of new policy surprises in the Politburo meeting, reduced A - share trading volume, the Fed's unchanged interest rate, a decrease in ETF shares tracking the CSI 300, and a decline in the July manufacturing PMI [4]. Treasury Bond Futures - Seven institutions' views were collected, with 0 bullish, 1 bearish, and 6 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are the increasing expectation of Fed rate cuts, the unchanged expectation of loose monetary policy, stable - growth policies not exceeding expectations, and the tax - free advantage of existing bonds. Bearish factors include the taxation of new bonds reducing their attractiveness, positive market risk appetite diverting funds to stocks, and low short - term chasing value [4]. Energy Sector - For crude oil, 8 institutions' views were gathered, with 2 bullish, 3 bearish, and 3 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are high US refinery operating rates, increased US sanctions on Russian oil, OPEC +'s lower - than - expected production increase, and improved macro sentiment due to a tariff agreement. Bearish factors include lower - than - expected US gasoline consumption, OPEC +'s decision to accelerate production in September, a shift in global oil demand from strong to weak, and a significant downward revision of US non - farm payroll data [5]. Agricultural Products Sector - Regarding live hogs, 8 institutions' views were collected, with 1 bullish, 3 bearish, and 4 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are strong expectations of policy - driven capacity reduction, farmers' resistance to price cuts, a slower slaughter pace, and a potential decrease in August supply after an increase in July. Bearish factors are the large supply of heavy hogs, an expected increase in piglet supply from September to the end of the year, high hog inventories, and suppressed demand due to summer and high temperatures [5]. Non - Ferrous Metals Sector Aluminum - Eight institutions' views were gathered, with 0 bullish, 5 bearish, and 3 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are low domestic aluminum ingot inventories, increased weekly production of aluminum strips and foils, improved downstream profits, and moderate inventory accumulation. Bearish factors are weakening macro sentiment, tariff - affected exports to the US, weakening production and orders of aluminum profiles, and supply pressure during the inventory accumulation phase [6]. Chemicals - Soda Ash - Eight institutions' views were collected, with 0 bullish, 5 bearish, and 3 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are stable downstream demand, downstream inventory reduction and subsequent replenishment needs, and potential short - covering rallies. Bearish factors are long - term over - capacity issues, a return to fundamental trading due to weakening macro sentiment, reduced demand expectations for photovoltaic glass, and low motivation for producers to cut production [6]. Precious Metals - Gold - Seven institutions' views were collected, with 4 bullish, 0 bearish, and 3 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are concerns about economic recession due to revised US non - farm payroll data, concerns about monetary policy independence from White House personnel changes, increased safe - haven demand due to a falling US dollar index and a slumping stock market, a technical breakthrough, and the potential for further upward movement after a long consolidation. Bearish factors are reduced uncertainty from US - Japan and US - EU tariff agreements, a hawkish stance from Powell, and potential further rebounds in the US dollar index [7]. Black Metals - Iron Ore - Eight institutions' views were gathered, with 0 bullish, 3 bearish, and 5 expecting a sideways trend. Bullish factors are high steel mill profit margins, a decline in overseas ore shipments, a decrease in port iron ore inventories, and high hot metal production. Bearish factors are an increase in domestic port arrivals, the fading of anti - cut - throat competition trading, lower - than - expected policy strength from the Politburo meeting, an increase in non - Australian and non - Brazilian ore shipments, and a decrease in daily hot metal production due to adverse weather [7].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core Viewpoints - In the short - term, the upward speed of the stock index may slow down after the phased realization of macro - positive factors, and market fluctuations and adjustments should be watched out for. In the long run, the futures index market this year is mainly driven by valuation expansion, and the valuation factor is expected to continue to play a role. It is advisable to go long on the stock index opportunistically this week [7] 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs Interest Rate and Bond Market - The closing prices and changes of various interest rate varieties are as follows: DRO01 closed at 1.31, down 8.18bp; DR007 at 1.42, down 13.00bp; GC001 at 1.29, up 26.00bp; GC007 at 1.46, up 3.00bp; SHBOR 3M at 1.56, down 0.30bp; LPR 5 - year at 3.50, unchanged; 1 - year treasury bond at 1.37, down 0.73bp; 5 - year treasury bond at 1.57, down 0.23bp; 10 - year treasury bond at 1.71, up 0.60bp; 10 - year US treasury bond at 4.23, down 14.00bp [4] - Last week, the central bank conducted 1.6632 trillion yuan of reverse repurchase operations in the open market, with 1.6563 trillion yuan of reverse repurchases due, resulting in a net investment of 6.9 billion yuan. This week, 1.6632 trillion yuan of reverse repurchases will expire, with 495.8 billion, 449.2 billion, 309 billion, 283.2 billion, and 126 billion yuan expiring from Monday to Friday respectively [4][5] Stock Index Market - Stock index closing prices and changes compared to the previous day: CSI 300 closed at 4055, down 0.51%; SSE 50 at 2754, down 0.79%; CSI 500 at 6213, down 0.21%; CSI 1000 at 6670, up 0.14%. For index futures, IF当月 closed at 4043, down 0.7%; IH当月 at 2754, down 0.8%; IC当月 at 6166, down 0.4%; IM当月 at 6617, up 0.1% [6] - Last week, CSI 300 fell 1.75% to 4054.9; SSE 50 fell 1.48% to 2754.1; CSI 500 fell 1.37% to 6213.2; CSI 1000 fell 0.54% to 6670.5. In the Shenwan primary industry index, last week, the pharmaceutical and biological (2.9%), communication (2.5%), media (1.1%), electronics (0.3%), and social services (0.1%) sectors led the gains, while most sectors declined, with non - ferrous metals (-4.6%), real estate (-3.4%), transportation (-3.2%), agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (-3%), and power equipment (-2.6%) leading the losses [6] - The IF, IH, IC, and IM index futures have different levels of premium and discount for different contracts. For example, IF's premium and discount rates for the current - month, next - month, current - quarter, and next - quarter contracts are 9.10%, 0.00%, 0.01%, and 3.41% respectively [8]

Core Viewpoint - In July 2025, major asset performance was led by the ChiNext Index, followed by oil and the CSI 500, with a general upward trend in risk assets, particularly in Chinese markets, while commodities showed mixed results [1][2][14]. Group 1: Asset Performance - In July, risk assets mostly rose, with Chinese assets leading the way and U.S. stocks reaching new highs, while domestic commodities experienced low-level increases [2][14]. - The performance of commodities was predominantly positive, with oil prices rising due to multiple favorable factors, while copper prices retreated due to lower-than-expected copper tariffs [2][17]. - The three major U.S. stock indices closed higher, with technology stocks showing significant resilience due to strong earnings reports [2][19]. Group 2: Macroeconomic Insights - The macroeconomic landscape in July 2025 was characterized by a divergence between hard and soft data in the U.S., while China's soft data indicated a slowdown [4][62]. - The domestic "stock-bond seesaw" effect deepened, with the total A-share index rising by 4.7% in July, while the yield on 10-year government bonds increased by 5.75 basis points to 1.71% [2][32]. Group 3: Key Drivers of Equity Assets - Future drivers for equity assets may include "profitability and risk appetite," with A-shares needing to respond to fundamental factors such as PPI trends and mid-year earnings [5][62]. - The reduction of uncertainties surrounding U.S.-China tariffs could enhance short-term export certainty, as recent high-level trade talks indicated a potential extension of tariff measures [5][62]. - New technological themes, such as advancements in artificial intelligence, are expected to create investment opportunities [5][62]. Group 4: Market Timing Signals - The M1-BCI-PPI timing system indicated a slight improvement in overall positive signals despite a slowdown in actual GDP growth [6][62]. - The stock-bond valuation ratio showed a return to neutrality, suggesting that while equity assets have lost some advantage, the overall score still leans towards equities [7][62]. Group 5: Sector Performance - In July, over 90% of industries in the domestic market reported positive returns, with growth and cyclical sectors leading the gains, particularly in steel, pharmaceuticals, and construction materials [2][32][44]. - The real estate sector saw a widening year-on-year decline in sales, with second-hand home sales showing more resilience compared to new homes [2][42]. Group 6: Commodity Market Dynamics - The commodity market showed a general upward trend in July, with significant increases in domestic pricing for black metals and polysilicon, while international oil and copper prices exhibited mixed performance [17][62]. - The Brent crude oil futures price increased by 7.3% in July, driven by geopolitical factors and tariff negotiations, although it faced a pullback in early August [17][62].

Report Summary 1. Industry Investment Rating - There is no information about the industry investment rating in the provided content. 2. Core View - After consecutive strong rallies, with the phased realization of macro - level positives, the upward speed of stock indices may slow down, and market volatility and adjustments should be watched out for [4]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Market and Operation - **Interest Rates**: DR001 closed at 1.40% with an 8.17bp increase, DR007 at 1.55% with a 3.67bp increase, GC001 at 1.03% with a 75.00bp decrease, GC007 at 1.43% with a 19.50bp decrease, SHBOR 3M at 1.57% with a 0.20bp increase, LPR 5 - year at 3.50% with no change, 1 - year treasury at 1.37% with a 1.25bp decrease, 5 - year treasury at 1.56% with a 1.25bp decrease, 10 - year treasury at 1.71% with a 1.50bp decrease, and 10 - year US treasury at 4.38% with a 4.00bp increase [3]. - **Central Bank Operations**: The central bank conducted 2832 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations yesterday, with 3310 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing, resulting in a net withdrawal of 478 billion yuan. This week, there are 16563 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing, but government bond issuances and certificate of deposit maturities are lower than last week, and month - end fiscal expenditures may speed up, which could bring incremental funds to the inter - bank market [3]. Stock Index Market - **Index Performance**: The CSI 300 closed at 4076 with a 1.82% decrease, the SSE 50 at 2776 with a 1.54% decrease, the CSI 500 at 6226 with a 1.40% decrease, and the CSI 1000 at 6661 with a 0.85% decrease. The trading volume of the two markets was 19360 billion yuan, an increase of 918 billion yuan from the previous day. Industry sectors generally declined, with energy metals, steel, coal, mining, photovoltaic equipment, real estate development, shipbuilding, precious metals, and chemical fiber industries leading the decline [3]. - **Futures Contracts**: IF's current - month contract closed at 4070 with a 1.8% decrease, IH's at 2777 with a 1.6% decrease, IC's at 6187 with a 1.3% decrease, and IM's at 6612 with a 0.9% decrease. IF's trading volume was 156196 with a 13.2% increase, IH's was 75925 with a 7.0% increase, IC's was 119559 with a 13.6% increase, and IM's was 267774 with a 15.8% increase. IF's open interest was 270987 with a 1.4% decrease, IH's decreased, IC's was 227163 with a 1.2% decrease, and IM's was 348264 with a 0.5% increase [3]. - **Premium and Discount**: IF's current - month contract had a premium of 3.10%, IH's had a discount of - 1.23%, IC's had a premium of 15.22%, and IM's had a premium of 17.89% [5].