Group 1 - UBS's report addresses ten challenging questions from investors regarding global economic conditions and strategic outlook [1] - The report highlights that current tariffs impose an effective GDP tax of approximately 1.5% on U.S. importers, with global growth tracking at a mere 1.3% year-on-year, placing it in the 8th lowest historical percentile [1] - The report indicates that the recent dollar sell-off is not indicative of a long-term depreciation trend, as it lacks key elements seen in previous cycles, such as improved economic growth in other regions [2] Group 2 - The initial impact of tariffs on U.S. inflation data is expected to manifest in the July CPI report, with significant effects potentially delayed by one to two months [3] - There is a notable discrepancy between reported trade data and container shipping data, suggesting that foreign exporters are not significantly lowering prices to absorb tariff costs [4] - The U.S. budget deficit is primarily influenced by the 2017 tax cuts, with concerns about supply issues persisting, but historical demand fluctuations are expected to absorb any supply increases [5] Group 3 - Evidence suggests a reduction in foreign investors' exposure to U.S. assets, with April data indicating asset sell-offs, although the continuation of this trend remains uncertain [6] - The U.S. stock market typically outperforms during global GDP slowdowns, but the current slowdown is largely driven by the U.S. economy, with European markets showing unexpected resilience [7] - The "One Big Beautiful" Act is projected to provide a 45 basis point boost to economic growth by 2026, despite initially increasing the deficit [9] Group 4 - Central banks globally are adjusting their policies in response to tariff impacts, with expectations of 1-3 rate cuts, while the Fed faces a dilemma balancing inflation and employment concerns [10] - China has implemented fiscal stimulus measures equivalent to 1.5-2% of GDP, with further monetary easing anticipated, including a potential 20-30 basis point rate cut [11]

Group 1: Impact of Tariffs on Global Economy - Current tariffs impose an effective GDP tax of approximately 1.5% on U.S. importers, and even with a trade agreement, it is unlikely that tariffs will decrease significantly [1] - Global growth tracking estimates a current annual rate of only 1.3%, which is at the 8th lowest percentile historically [1] - There is a significant divergence between hard and soft data following tariff announcements, with a peak gap not seen in 27 years [1] Group 2: U.S. Dollar Dynamics - UBS is bearish on the dollar from a cyclical perspective but does not view this as the start of a long-term depreciation trend [2] - The current dollar sell-off lacks key elements that characterized past long-term declines, such as improved economic growth in other regions and reduced risk premiums [2] Group 3: Inflation and Tariffs - Initial impacts of tariffs are beginning to show in private sector data, but delays in transmission to official consumer price indices are expected [3] - Significant effects on CPI from tariffs are anticipated to manifest in July's data, which will be released in August [3] Group 4: Global Exporters' Response - Evidence of a "tariff rush" in Q1 indicates that trade volumes have not yet stabilized despite price increases [4] - There is little evidence that foreign exporters are absorbing tariff costs by lowering export prices, and the impact of dollar depreciation on their profits is noted [4] Group 5: U.S. Fiscal Outlook and Global Interest Rates - The majority of changes in budget deficits stem from the extension of the 2017 tax cuts, with no fundamental changes expected post-election [6] - Concerns about supply issues persist, but historically, demand fluctuations have been more significant than supply [6] Group 6: Capital Flows from the U.S. - There is a widely accepted view that foreign investors are reducing exposure to U.S. assets, supported by April's international capital flow data [7] - The ongoing decline of the dollar suggests that foreign exchange hedging may be a driving factor behind this trend [7] Group 7: U.S. vs. European Stock Markets - U.S. stock markets typically perform better during global GDP slowdowns, but the current slowdown is primarily driven by the U.S. economy [8] - Comparisons reveal that U.S. valuations are exceptionally high while European markets appear relatively cheap [8] Group 8: "One Big Beautiful" Act's Economic Impact - The "One Big Beautiful" Act is projected to increase deficits before 2026, with a total reduction of $0.4 trillion over ten years [8] - The act is expected to provide a boost of approximately 45 basis points to economic growth by 2026 [8] Group 9: Central Banks' Response to Tariff Escalation - Central banks have shifted their views due to the absence of retaliatory measures and dollar depreciation, with expectations of 1-3 policy rate cuts [9] - The current situation is viewed as simpler than a "stagflation" scenario, allowing for potential easing policies [9]

Group 1 - Nearly half of central banks surveyed believe the U.S. may restructure its federal debt [1] - The survey conducted by UBS covered nearly 40 central banks and revealed that two-thirds are concerned about the independence of the Federal Reserve [3] - Concerns about the quality of U.S. economic data and the weakening of the rule of law were also highlighted by nearly half of the central banks [3] Group 2 - The primary risk identified by 74% of central banks is the trade and international alliance policies of the Trump administration [5] - There is an increasing pessimism regarding the global economic outlook, with many central banks now expecting stagflation [5] - Almost all surveyed central banks are pursuing diversification of reserve assets, with a strong preference for gold [7] Group 3 - 67% of central banks believe gold will be the best-performing asset from now until around 2029, a significant increase from 21% in the previous year's survey [7] - No central bank plans to reduce its gold holdings in the next 12 months, and over one-third have increased their gold positions in the past year [7] - While 13% of central banks think Bitcoin could be the best-performing asset in the next five years, only one is considering investing in it [7]

瑞银集团委托进行的一项对央行储备管理者的调查发现，近半数受访者认为美国进行债务重组是一个可 能的情景。 或许正因如此，多元化仍然是储备管理者们所坚持的一项基本信条，他们中几乎所有人都看好黄金， 67%的受访者认为黄金是当前至本十年末表现最佳的资产类别，而2024年的调查中这一比例仅为21%。 没有受访者计划在未来12个月内减少其黄金敞口，略超三分之一的受访者报告在去年增加了持有量。 对美国风险资产来说，一个更积极的消息是，80%的受访者预测美元仍将是世界储备货币，但同时也观 察到，储备多元化的驱动力正变得更强。话虽如此，去年美元持有量的平均份额实际上还增加了一个百 分点，达到56%。 其他可能令投资者警惕的发现包括，三分之二的受访者对美联储的独立性感到担忧，近半数受访者对美 国经济数据的质量以及法治正在减弱的看法感到不安。 尽管地缘政治仍是各国央行的主要关切，但它已被特朗普政府对贸易和国际联盟的政策所产生的潜在影 响所取代，成为首要风险，有74%的受访者提到了这一点。他们可能想到了4月份，当时特朗普在宣布 其"解放日"关税时，断言贸易战的进行和取胜都"简单直接"。令人惊讶的是，考虑到这个受访群体，经 济问题被 ...

值得关注的是，当前市场估值结构呈现显著分化。标普500市盈率(TTM)虽达21.5倍，但科技巨头占比33%的权重结 构使其估值水平低于2000年互联网泡沫时期的28倍。瑞银提出的"估值相对论"在美联储政策轨迹中得到印证：2023 年基准利率维持5.25%-5.5%高位，但标普500指数仍实现24%年涨幅，显示利率上行并未抑制科技股估值扩张，这 与1995-1999年期间美联储6次加息但纳指仍暴涨400%的现象形成历史共振。 NDR最新情绪指标显示，当前市场修正周期(下跌20%所需交易日)处于历史低位，标普500指数在不触发熊市阈值 的情况下已连续512个交易日创新高，这一数据超越1990年代牛市后期表现。市场正处在技术革命红利释放与地缘 秩序重构的交汇期，投资者需在战略定力与战术灵活之间寻找平衡点。 瑞银强调的两大核心逻辑已获得多维度数据支撑：其一，生产力跃升方面，人工智能技术突破正复制1990年代互 联网革命的路径。AI通过算力重构、数据要素配置和产业智能化升级，推动全要素生产率提升，这与1987-2000年 期间互联网技术催生纳斯达克指数十年涨超400%的轨迹形成历史呼应。其二，全球安全格局重构层面，IM ...

21世纪经济报道记者 张伟泽 实习生 王艺之 香港报道 瑞银集团最新发布的报告指出，人形机器人正从科幻走向现实，预计到2050年，全球人形机器人市场规 模有望达到1.4万亿至1.7万亿美元。 7月7日，瑞银中国机械行业分析师王斐丽在媒体分享会上表示，鉴于技术与监管方面的影响，五年内人 形机器人市场或不会出现"电动汽车时刻"，即技术瓶颈得以解决并实现销量大幅增长。但人形机器人长 期发展前景广阔，未来25年复合增长率将超过40%。 报告强调，在行业发展初期，上游关键零部件供应商将率先受益，而整机厂商由于研发上的大量投入， 面临短期压力。 人形机器人将率先在工业场景落地 王斐丽介绍，在基准假设下，到2050年，全球人形机器人年度需求将提升至8600万台，全球保有量将突 破3亿台。全球人形机器人领域的投资活动呈现强劲势头。数据显示，2022年至2024年，相关投资项目 数量从33个增至75个，投资金额也从4.77亿美元跃升至18.99亿美元。其中，中国和美国是该领域投资总 额最大的两个国家。 对于人形机器人的商业化落地，报告认为工业场景和服务业场景将率先实现落地，最后才会进入家庭场 景。王斐丽解释说，工业场景对机器人 ...

Core Viewpoint - UBS Global Research anticipates that the European Central Bank will lower its policy interest rate by 25 basis points in July [1] Summary by Relevant Categories - **Interest Rate Forecast** - The expected reduction in the policy interest rate is projected to be 25 basis points [1]

智通财经APP获悉，近期，市场焦点始终围绕美国政策动向——从"大而美法案"的辩论，到美国介入以 伊冲突。而随着90天关税暂缓期即将结束，未来几周政策焦点将转向关税决策：是继续延长暂缓期，还 是对未达成协议的国家加征关税。 但在瑞银看来，尽管政策不确定性主导了近期市场波动，该行认为关注点将逐步转向宏观经济数据，特 别是经济增长与通胀路径的实际演变。 瑞银预计美国经济增长将放缓，但不会陷入衰退。随着通胀压力逐步传导至终端消费者，消费支出将适 度收缩从而抑制增长。未来数月，关税对通胀数据的影响将开始显现。考虑到价格传导与消费反应存在 时滞，今年末经济增长或将进一步走弱。 布局优质固收产品。机构MBS和投资级公司债既能提供可观收益，又能有效对冲股市波动; 长线投资者可逢低布局股市。待关税形势明朗、美联储开启降息周期、市场开始计价2026年盈利增长 后，股市将重获支撑——该行预计标普500指数将持续震荡，但2025年底有望逐步攀升至6200点。2024 年EPS预计增长6%至265美元，2026年将进一步增长8%，2026年6月目标位看至6500点。 板块配置方面，瑞银对价值型与成长型板块持中立态度。本月上调金融板块至 ...

About this content About Angela Harmantas Angela Harmantas is an Editor at Proactive. She has over 15 years of experience covering the equity markets in North America, with a particular focus on junior resource stocks. Angela has reported from numerous countries around the world, including Canada, the US, Australia, Brazil, Ghana, and South Africa for leading trade publications. Previously, she worked in investor relations and led the foreign direct investment program in Canada for the Swedish government ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article is that targeted tariffs may support the US dollar in the short term [1] - UBS analysts suggest that the US may impose tariffs on countries that have not made significant progress in trade agreements while extending tariff suspensions for those that have [1] - The report indicates that targeted tariffs against specific countries tend to strengthen the dollar, whereas broad tariffs generally weaken it [1]