加拿大央行调查：大多数加拿大出口商表示，他们的产品被美国关税政策豁免，未受到加征关税的影 响。 ...

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry or Company Involved - The discussion primarily revolves around the **U.S. tariff policies**, **Hong Kong internet companies**, and the **macro-economic environment** affecting these sectors. Core Points and Arguments 1. **U.S. Tariff Rates**: The effective tariff rate in the U.S. is maintained at 10%-14%, with tariffs on China around 40%-50%, generating annual revenue of $300-400 billion to offset new expenditures and prevent significant deficits [1][4][5]. 2. **Future Tariff Strategy**: The U.S. government is unlikely to set tariffs too high to avoid a simultaneous downturn in stocks, bonds, and currency. The expectation is for moderate inflation increases without sudden spikes [5][11]. 3. **Impact on Hong Kong Internet Companies**: Recent positive developments in chip technology have boosted Hong Kong internet companies, leading to improved market sentiment, although sustainability remains uncertain [2][6]. 4. **Market Sensitivity to Tariff Changes**: The market has become desensitized to tariff changes, viewing them as negotiation tactics rather than significant threats. The actual impact of recent tariff adjustments has been minimal [7][12]. 5. **Dollar and U.S. Stock Performance**: The U.S. dollar has strengthened significantly over the past few months, and U.S. stocks are expected to continue outperforming, driven by strong fundamentals and credit cycles [8][11]. 6. **Trade Agreements**: Recent agreements with trade partners like Indonesia and Japan are aimed at negotiating higher tariffs to facilitate discussions, but the outcomes often fall short of expectations [9][10]. 7. **Hong Kong Market Liquidity**: The liquidity in the Hong Kong market is primarily driven by southbound capital, with signs of tightening liquidity expected in Q3 due to weak growth and delayed policy actions [3][14]. 8. **Economic Indicators**: Recent GDP growth has slowed, with Q2 figures showing a decline from 5.4% to 5.2%. Inflation remains low, and consumer spending has been affected by various factors, including regulatory disruptions [18][19]. 9. **Banking Sector Performance**: The banking sector has shown strong performance despite recent market fluctuations, with improved financial data indicating a favorable investment environment [33][34][35]. Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content 1. **Inflation and Monetary Policy**: Despite uncertainties surrounding tariffs, the Federal Reserve's path towards interest rate cuts remains unchanged, with expectations for potential rate reductions in the near future [11][12]. 2. **Sectoral Investment Strategies**: The current market structure suggests a focus on structural opportunities rather than overall index performance, with recommendations to consider sectors like insurance and innovative technologies for long-term investments [17][40]. 3. **Regulatory Impact on Competition**: The competitive landscape in the food delivery sector is under scrutiny, with regulatory measures aimed at promoting healthier competition and improving profitability for involved parties [36][37][39]. 4. **AI Sector Potential**: The AI sector is highlighted for its significant growth potential across various applications, including gaming, software, and education, which could drive economic benefits [16]. This summary encapsulates the key insights and implications from the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the current economic landscape and its impact on relevant industries.

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. 2. Core View - The positive macro - expectations brought by anti - involution have pushed up short - term copper prices [3]. 3. Key Points by Category 3.1 Price and Volatility - The latest copper price is 79,700 yuan/ton, with a monthly price range forecast of 73,000 - 80,000 yuan/ton. The current volatility is 10.13%, and the historical percentile of the current volatility is 14.3% [2]. - In the copper futures market, the latest prices of沪铜主力,沪铜连一,沪铜连三, and伦铜3M are 79,700 yuan/ton, 79,770 yuan/ton, 79,750 yuan/ton, and 9,794.5 dollars/ton respectively, with daily increases of 1,290 yuan, 1,330 yuan, 1,390 yuan, and 116.5 dollars, and daily increase rates of 1.65%, 1.7%, 1.77%, and 1.2% respectively. The沪伦比is 8.15, with a daily decrease of 0.03 and a daily decrease rate of 0.37% [8]. 3.2 Risk Management Suggestions - For inventory management with high finished - product inventory and concerns about price drops, it is recommended to sell 75% of沪铜主力期货 contracts at around 82,000 yuan/ton and sell 25% of CU2509C82000 call options when volatility is relatively stable [2]. - For raw material management with low raw material inventory and concerns about price increases, it is recommended to buy 75% of沪铜主力期货 contracts at around 75,000 yuan/ton [2]. 3.3 Factors Affecting Prices - **Likely Positive Factors**: Sino - US tariff policy easing, reduction in LME inventory levels, the US dollar index hovering at a low level, and anti - involution benefiting the entire non - ferrous metal sector [4]. - **Likely Negative Factors**: Tariff policy fluctuations, reduced global demand due to tariff policies, and the Fed maintaining high interest rates [5]. 3.4 Market Outlook - Copper prices showed a downward - breaking trend before July 17th. However, the strong US retail data on July 17th and positive tariff expectations on July 18th boosted copper prices. The decline in the gold - copper ratio also indicated a change in investors' risk preferences. In the next week, copper prices may continue the strong trend of the last two trading days of last week, showing a slight upward trend. The US tariff policies with Indonesia and Japan are also beneficial to demand. The durable goods orders data on July 25th is worth attention [6]. 3.5 Spot Data - The latest prices of Shanghai Non - ferrous 1 copper, Shanghai Wumaom, Guangdong Nanchu, and Yangtze Non - ferrous are 78,660 yuan/ton, 78,635 yuan/ton, 78,540 yuan/ton, and 79,760 yuan/ton respectively, with daily increases of 640 yuan, 620 yuan, 550 yuan, and 1,050 yuan, and daily increase rates of 0.82%, 0.79%, 0.71%, and 1.33% respectively. The升贴水of Shanghai Non - ferrous, Shanghai Wumaom, Guangdong Nanchu, and Yangtze Non - ferrous are 220 yuan/ton, 115 yuan/ton, 60 yuan/ton, and 125 yuan/ton respectively, with daily increases of 45 yuan, 30 yuan, 5 yuan, and 20 yuan, and daily increase rates of 25.71%, 35.29%, 9.09%, and 19.05% respectively [11]. 3.6 Scrap - to - Refined Copper Spread - The current scrap - to - refined copper spread (tax - included) is 1,478.51 yuan/ton, with a daily increase of 513.08 yuan and a daily increase rate of 53.15%. The reasonable scrap - to - refined copper spread (tax - included) is 1,496.7 yuan/ton, with a daily increase of 10.45 yuan and a daily increase rate of 0.7%. The price advantage (tax - included) is - 18.19 yuan/ton, with a daily increase of 502.63 yuan and a daily decrease rate of 96.51%. Similar data is also provided for the non - tax - included situation [14]. 3.7 Warehouse Receipt and Inventory Data - **SHFE Warehouse Receipts**: The total沪铜仓单is 38,239 tons, with a daily decrease of 3,900 tons and a daily decrease rate of 9.26%. The total international copper warehouse receipt is 4,667 tons, with a daily decrease of 2,708 tons and a daily decrease rate of 36.72% [17]. - **LME Inventory**: The total LME copper inventory is 122,075 tons, with a daily decrease of 100 tons and a daily decrease rate of 0.08%. The registered LME copper warehouse receipt is 108,100 tons, with a daily decrease of 2,850 tons and a daily decrease rate of 2.57%. The cancelled LME copper warehouse receipt is 14,075 tons, with a daily increase of 2,875 tons and a daily increase rate of 25.67% [19]. - **COMEX Inventory**: The total COMEX copper inventory is 242,837 tons, with a weekly increase of 8,633 tons and a weekly increase rate of 3.69%. The registered COMEX copper warehouse receipt is 107,368 tons, with a weekly increase of 4,944 tons and a weekly increase rate of 0.76%. The cancelled COMEX copper warehouse receipt is 135,469 tons, with a weekly increase of 217 tons and a weekly increase rate of 0.16% [22][23]. 3.8 Import and Processing Data - The copper import profit and loss is - 127.28 yuan/ton, with a daily increase of 16.74 yuan and a daily decrease rate of 11.62%. The copper concentrate TC is - 43.17 dollars/ton, with no daily change [23].

新华社17日消息，美国股市、汇市和债券市场16日再次因总统特朗普有意解除美联储主席鲍威尔的职务 而出现"三杀"。特朗普当天晚些时候对媒体说，他不打算解除鲍威尔的职务。而在近期，美国在多个事 务上的动态也格外引人关注，特别是其对华态度似乎出现了一些转变的迹象。 15日晚，特朗普在白宫与众议院共和党人会面，就解除美联储主席鲍威尔职务一事征求意见。得到肯定 回应后，他暗示将很快行动，甚至展示了拟解除职务的信件。此消息一经发出，纽约股市三大股指明显 走低，衡量美元对六种主要货币的美元指数下跌，美国国债收益率上升。面对市场的强烈反应，特朗普 随后辟谣，称报道不实，但承认讨论过此事。他表示"不打算做任何事"，但"不排除任何可能"，还 称"除非鲍威尔因涉嫌欺诈不得不离职，否则可能性极低" 。16日稍晚，特朗普在专访中又表示希望看 到鲍威尔主动请辞，还提及有人说炒掉鲍威尔会搅乱市场 。 美联储主席（资料图） 特朗普此番举动并非毫无缘由。几个月来，他持续要求美联储降息，认为美国政府支付的债务利息过 高。而鲍威尔领导下的美联储多次拒绝降息，这让特朗普极为不满，多次炮轰鲍威尔，甚至一度威胁解 除其职务。早在4月21日，特朗普施压美 ...

固定收益 | 固定收益专题 关税对美国通胀和财政影响多大？ 证券研究报告 特朗普关税政策跟踪 目前宣布的关税政策有哪些？ 截至目前，特朗普宣布或威胁的关税政策，可以分成 4 部分： 1）基于芬太尼和边境问题的关税，主要针对中、加、墨；但符合 USMCA 的商品已经豁免。2）已达成贸易协议的国家：英国、越南、印尼。贸易协 议有 2 个特征：对供应链安全的重视、要求购买美国商品。协议尚未发布 官方文本，细节仍有悬念。3）"对等关税 2.0"，延长谈判期限至 8 月 1 日。 4）行业关税，包括钢铁和铝及其制品（包括钢制家电）、汽车及其关键零 部件、铜关税。 实际有效关税税率上升了多少？ 今年以来，截至 5 月，美国平均有效关税税率从 2.3%上升至 8.8%，共上升 6.5 个百分点。分国家看，对中国征收的平均关税税率上行最多、而对加 拿大、墨西哥的有效关税上升幅度较小。分行业看，钢铁和铝及其制品的 有效关税税率上行幅度最大，其次是家具、寝具、玩具、运动用品、服装 鞋靴被征收的平均关税税率提升较大。 关税如何影响美国通胀？ 1）美国在关税生效之前、到底以较低的价格"囤货"了多少？ 从美国的进口数据看：贵金属（尤其 ...

Group 1: Investment Ratings - Gold and silver are both given a ★★★ rating, indicating a clearer long/short trend and relatively appropriate investment opportunities at present [1] Group 2: Core Views - Today, precious metals are oscillating with a slight upward trend. Recently, global geopolitical risks have cooled down, risk sentiment is positive, the US economy is resilient, and a work plan for stabilizing growth in key industries such as non-ferrous metals in China is about to be introduced. Industrial products are rising excitedly in rotation, there is insufficient upward driving force for gold, and there is still room for the gold-silver ratio to decline. The uncertainty before the deadline of US tariff policy remains high, risk sentiment is prone to fluctuations, and precious metals are mainly in an oscillating and wait-and-see state [1] Group 3: Summary of Related Content Tariff - The US Commerce Secretary is confident of reaching an agreement with the EU, and small countries need to pay a 10% benchmark tariff starting from August 1st. The EU is preparing a retaliatory plan under the tough US trade stance. Trump has increased pressure on the EU, with the minimum tariff possibly rising to 15%-20%. The US-Japan trade agreement is still within the "realm of possibility", and the Pakistani Finance Minister is in the US to promote the signing of a trade agreement [2] Fed - Trump believes that high interest rates are "killing the real estate market" and has reiterated that interest rates should be lowered to 1%. An insider said that Treasury Secretary Bessent advised Trump not to remove Powell. Waller refused to comment on whether he would hold a different opinion at the July meeting and said he would accept if the president asked him to be the Fed Chairman. Goolsbee is "slightly worried" that tariffs are pushing up commodity inflation and expects interest rates to drop significantly in the next year [2] Iran Nuclear Negotiations - Iran has agreed to hold a new round of negotiations with three European countries at the deputy foreign minister level in Istanbul on the 25th. Putin met with a senior advisor to the Iranian Supreme Leader to discuss the Iran nuclear issue. Trump reiterated that all three Iranian nuclear facilities have been completely destroyed [2]

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant information provided. Core Views Copper - After the 232 investigation, the non-US electrolytic copper market shows a pattern of "loosening supply expectations and weak actual demand." The spot contradiction will be gradually resolved. The next stage may return to macro trading. The price of the main contract is expected to range between 77,000 - 80,000 yuan/ton [1]. Aluminum - In the short term, the price of the main aluminum contract is expected to remain under pressure at high levels, ranging between 20,200 - 21,000 yuan/ton. The price of the main alumina contract is expected to fluctuate widely between 3,000 - 3,400 yuan/ton in the coming week [4]. Aluminum Alloy - The aluminum alloy market is expected to be weak and volatile, with the main contract price ranging between 19,400 - 20,200 yuan/ton [5]. Zinc - The zinc price is expected to fluctuate in the short term, with the main contract price ranging between 22,000 - 23,500 yuan/ton [7]. Nickel - The nickel price is expected to adjust within a range in the short term, with the main contract price ranging between 118,000 - 126,000 yuan/ton [9]. Tin - The supply of tin ore remains tight, and the demand is expected to be weak. It is recommended to hold short positions established at previous high levels [11]. Stainless Steel - The stainless steel price is expected to fluctuate in the short term, with the main contract price ranging between 12,500 - 13,000 yuan/ton [13]. Lithium Carbonate - In the short term, the lithium carbonate price is expected to remain strong, with the main contract price ranging between 65,000 - 72,000 yuan/ton. However, there is still a downward risk in the medium term [16]. Summary by Directory Copper - **Price and Basis**: SMM 1 electrolytic copper price increased by 0.82% to 78,660 yuan/ton. The premium of SMM 1 electrolytic copper rose by 70 yuan/ton to 175 yuan/ton [1]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2508 - 2509 contracts decreased by 20 yuan/ton to -30 yuan/ton [1]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, the electrolytic copper production was 1.1349 million tons, a decrease of 0.30% month-on-month; the import volume was 0.3005 million tons, an increase of 18.74% month-on-month [1]. Aluminum - **Price and Spread**: SMM A00 aluminum price increased by 0.63% to 20,700 yuan/ton. The premium of SMM A00 aluminum rose by 10 yuan/ton to 110 yuan/ton [4]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2508 - 2509 contracts increased by 15 yuan/ton to 55 yuan/ton [4]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, the alumina production was 7.2581 million tons, a decrease of 0.19% month-on-month; the electrolytic aluminum production was 3.609 million tons, a decrease of 3.22% month-on-month [4]. Aluminum Alloy - **Price and Spread**: The price of SMM aluminum alloy ADC12 increased by 0.50% to 20,100 yuan/ton [5]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2511 - 2512 contracts increased by 35 yuan/ton to 70 yuan/ton [5]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, the production of recycled aluminum alloy ingots was 0.615 million tons, an increase of 1.49% month-on-month; the production of primary aluminum alloy ingots was 0.255 million tons, a decrease of 2.30% month-on-month [5]. Zinc - **Price and Spread**: The price of SMM 0 zinc ingot increased by 0.95% to 22,320 yuan/ton. The premium of SMM 0 zinc ingot decreased by 15 yuan/ton to 5 yuan/ton [7]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2508 - 2509 contracts decreased by 5 yuan/ton to 5 yuan/ton [7]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, the refined zinc production was 0.5851 million tons, an increase of 6.50% month-on-month; the import volume was 0.0361 million tons, an increase of 34.97% month-on-month [7]. Nickel - **Price and Basis**: The price of SMM 1 electrolytic nickel increased by 0.87% to 121,500 yuan/ton. The premium of 1 Jinchuan nickel decreased by 50 yuan/ton to 2,000 yuan/ton [9]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2509 - 2510 contracts increased by 30 yuan/ton to -90 yuan/ton [9]. - **Supply, Demand, and Inventory**: In June, China's refined nickel production was 31,800 tons, a decrease of 10.04% month-on-month; the import volume was 19,157 tons, an increase of 116.90% month-on-month [9]. Tin - **Spot Price and Basis**: The price of SMM 1 tin increased by 1.37% to 265,500 yuan/ton. The premium of SMM 1 tin remained unchanged at 700 yuan/ton [11]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2508 - 2509 contracts increased by 120 yuan/ton to -90 yuan/ton [11]. - **Fundamental Data (Monthly)**: In May, the tin ore import volume was 13,449 tons, an increase of 36.39% month-on-month; the SMM refined tin production was 14,840 tons, a decrease of 2.37% month-on-month [11]. Stainless Steel - **Spot Price and Basis**: The price of 304/2B (Wuxi Hongwang 2.0 coil) increased by 0.39% to 12,800 yuan/ton. The basis between futures and spot increased by 28.95% to 245 yuan/ton [13]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2509 - 2510 contracts remained unchanged at -40 yuan/ton [13]. - **Fundamental Data**: The production of 300-series stainless steel crude steel in China (43 companies) was 1.7133 million tons, a decrease of 3.83% month-on-month; the import volume was 0.1095 million tons, a decrease of 12.48% month-on-month [13]. Lithium Carbonate - **Price and Basis**: The average price of SMM battery-grade lithium carbonate increased by 2.62% to 66,650 yuan/ton. The basis (based on SMM battery-grade lithium carbonate) decreased by 3.86% to -3,230 yuan/ton [16]. - **Monthly Spread**: The spread between 2508 - 2509 contracts decreased by 180 yuan/ton to -80 yuan/ton [16]. - **Fundamental Data**: In June, the lithium carbonate production was 78,090 tons, an increase of 8.34% month-on-month; the demand was 93,815 tons, a decrease of 0.15% month-on-month [16].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of tariff policies on consumer spending and inflation in the U.S., highlighting that while consumer confidence has shown signs of recovery, the long-term effects of tariffs are likely to lead to increased inflation pressure as pre-tariff inventories are depleted [1][8]. Group 1: Consumer Confidence and Spending - The University of Michigan's consumer confidence index rose to 61.8 in July, marking a 5-month high, but remains 16% lower than before the Trump administration [1]. - Retail sales in June increased by 0.6%, exceeding market expectations, while consumer spending on debit and credit cards grew by 7% and 4% respectively in Q2 compared to the previous year [4][5]. - Despite these positive indicators, Wells Fargo warns that consumer spending is not as robust as previously thought, with households reducing discretionary service spending [4][5]. Group 2: Discretionary Spending Trends - Discretionary service spending has shown a concerning decline, with a 0.3% drop noted in May, and a contribution of only 0.3 percentage points to GDP in the first quarter, the lowest since Q2 2020 [5][7]. - Consumers are increasingly opting for essential goods over discretionary items, as evidenced by shopping behavior during Amazon's Prime Day, where essential items were prioritized [6][7]. Group 3: Tariff Policy Effects - The effective tariff rate currently stands at 20.6%, the highest since 1910, yet inflation data does not reflect significant price increases due to tariffs [8][9]. - Key factors mitigating the impact of tariffs include declining energy prices and the Federal Reserve's tightening monetary policy, which has kept inflation in a downward trend [8][10]. - Import behavior has shifted, with a significant increase in imports prior to tariff implementation, leading to a stockpiling effect that has buffered immediate price impacts [8][9]. Group 4: Economic Outlook - The overall economic growth in the U.S. is expected to slow, with various economic indicators showing mixed performance and a general contraction trend [2][10]. - Low-income households are particularly vulnerable, as they are quickly exhausting pandemic savings and facing rising debt levels, which could lead to a significant impact on overall consumer spending [7][10].

Group 1 - The recent rebound of the US dollar is influenced by two key factors: Trump's tariff threats and the Federal Reserve's monetary policy stance [1][2] - Trump's renewed threats of tariffs have been a direct catalyst for the dollar's recent rise, with market attention focused on the August 1 deadline for potential tariff implementation [1] - The Federal Reserve's dovish comments have limited the potential gains of the dollar, suggesting that without such interventions, the dollar could have surged significantly [1][2] Group 2 - Despite facing resistance from the Federal Reserve, the dollar has found a stronger footing during the recent short squeeze, with technical analysis indicating support for the euro/dollar pair [2] - The current sentiment around the dollar is not entirely stable, as any further dovish comments from Federal Reserve policymakers could lead to a reversal in market sentiment [2] - The future trajectory of the dollar will depend on the complex interplay between Trump's tariff policies and the Federal Reserve's monetary policy [2]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive outlook on the chemical industry, indicating a "Look Favorably" investment rating [1]. Core Insights - The report highlights supply disruptions in TDI, spandex, and organic silicon, with the commencement of the Yarlung Zangbo River project expected to boost demand for civil explosives in Tibet. The elimination of outdated production capacity may improve the industry landscape [1][3]. - The report emphasizes the anticipated increase in global oil supply led by non-OPEC producers, while demand remains stable with a projected global GDP growth of 2.8%. However, the impact of tariffs and geopolitical uncertainties may affect oil demand growth [3][4]. - The report suggests that the recent fire at Covestro's German facility has led to a significant drop in TDI supply in Europe, causing prices to surge from €1900/ton to €2500/ton, with domestic prices rising from ¥12000/ton to ¥14913/ton [3][4]. Summary by Sections Industry Dynamics - The report discusses the macroeconomic outlook for the chemical industry, noting a significant increase in oil supply and stable demand, while also highlighting the potential impact of geopolitical tensions and tariff policies on oil prices [3][4]. - It mentions that coal prices are expected to decline in the medium to long term, alleviating pressure on downstream sectors, and that the U.S. may accelerate natural gas export facility construction, potentially lowering import costs [3]. Supply Chain Disruptions - The report details the supply chain disruptions in TDI, spandex, and organic silicon, with specific companies recommended for investment, including Wanhua Chemical, Cangzhou Dahua, and Hualu Hengsheng [3]. - The report notes that the recent fire at Dongyue Silicon Material's factory may tighten supply in the organic silicon market, suggesting investment in Xingfa Group, Xin'an Chemical, and Luxi Chemical [3]. Policy and Capacity Elimination - The report highlights the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's plans to promote structural adjustments and eliminate outdated production capacity in key industries, which may lead to an improved industry landscape [3][6]. - It provides statistics on the proportion of outdated capacity in various chemical products, indicating potential benefits from policy changes [6][9]. Investment Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on traditional cyclical stocks and specific companies within the chemical sector, including Wanhua Chemical, Hualu Hengsheng, and various agricultural chemical firms [3]. - It also identifies growth stocks with recovery potential in sectors such as semiconductor materials and panel materials, suggesting companies like Yake Technology and Dinglong Co [3].