国泰海通证券研报表示，延续前期观点，白酒行业2025年第二季度产业景气度环比角度仍在寻底，价格 端压力大于量的压力，从库存周期视角看，白酒产业或完全进入到库存周期后半段，在此维度下，大部 分企业短期业绩表现愈发赖于核心市场的市占率提升，且愈发依赖于腰部及以下单品驱动，份额逻辑演 绎到最后阶段。白酒商品属性正在加速重塑，其快消品属性强化，能够提前适应快消品运作逻辑的企业 竞争优势会愈发凸显。股价层面，白酒板块配置价值凸显：1)分红层面有潜力：当下头部企业股息率接 近或大于3%；2)动态估值基本回落至历史区间低位；3)后续具备潜在催化因素，例如房价等资产价格边 际企稳，内需政策等；4)选股层面，首选具备份额逻辑的企业。 ...

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Records Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the container shipping industry, particularly focusing on the impacts of U.S.-China trade relations and tariff policies on shipping demand and pricing dynamics [1][2][3]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Tariff Impact on Demand**: The average tariffs between the U.S. and China are currently between 48% and 55%, significantly pressuring Chinese manufacturing and potentially affecting corporate profitability and stock performance [1][3][4]. - **Shipping Rate Increases**: Container shipping companies have rapidly increased rates, with prices on the West Coast reaching $3,000 and the East Coast hitting $4,000. This reflects an intention to recover previous losses and enter a profit growth phase [1][5]. - **Inventory Replenishment Trends**: Although U.S. container imports are higher than last year, there has been a decline in freight volume between China and the U.S. from mid-April to mid-May, indicating that actual replenishment efforts are below expectations [1][8]. - **Supply Constraints**: The West Coast is experiencing a significant under-allocation of shipping capacity, which is expected to lead to a new round of price increases in June, potentially surpassing historical highs [1][10]. - **Future Demand Projections**: U.S. goods demand is expected to be stronger in 2025 compared to 2024, but there may be a cooling period post-tariff adjustments. Overall freight volume is anticipated to increase throughout the year [1][11][12]. Additional Important Insights - **Regional Pricing Dynamics**: The concentration of capacity allocation on South American routes is leading to price increases, while the overall impact on other routes remains limited [3][13]. - **Market Adjustments by Smaller Companies**: Smaller shipping companies in Southeast Asia are adjusting their routes to capitalize on profit opportunities, indicating a competitive market environment [14][16]. - **ETF and Stock Performance**: The expansion of ETF sizes and the inclusion of companies like COSCO Shipping Holdings in dividend indices are changing stock pricing models, leading to reduced volatility and more stable investment options [21][23][24]. - **Future Market Expectations**: The expectation is that broad-based ETFs will dominate, while industry-specific ETFs will have a lower share, influencing stock prices through index-based pricing mechanisms [25]. - **Impact of U.S. Inventory Replenishment**: The anticipated monthly replenishment in the U.S. is expected to exceed current shipping capacity, necessitating higher demands on shipping routes [26]. - **Potential Port Congestion**: There is a possibility of renewed congestion at U.S. ports, although not to the extent seen during the pandemic, which could still affect other shipping routes [27]. - **Regional Company Performance**: Companies like SeaLand International are benefiting from the supply contraction in Southeast Asia and stable demand, although challenges may arise in 2026 as U.S. inventory cycles decline [32][33]. This summary encapsulates the critical points discussed in the conference call, highlighting the current state and future outlook of the container shipping industry amidst evolving trade dynamics.

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the structural growth driven by new consumption trends, highlighting the resonance of channel and category innovation in boosting the performance of consumer goods [2][3]. Group 1: New Consumption Trends - New consumption represents a structural dividend, with channel and category innovations driving growth. The retail efficiency is improving, and the younger demographic is increasingly contributing to consumption [2]. - The consumer landscape is evolving with a clear shift towards new channels and product categories, driven by regional differentiation in consumer groups and rising demands for diverse products [2]. Group 2: Consumer Goods and Alcohol Industry - The consumer goods sector is favored for new consumption and high growth potential, while the liquor industry is seen as seeking a bottom but showing significant configuration value [3]. - The liquor industry is currently in a phase of inventory cycle adjustment, with most companies relying on market share gains in core markets and the performance of mid-tier and lower-tier products [3]. - The article notes that the attributes of liquor products are being reshaped, enhancing their fast-moving consumer goods characteristics, which will benefit companies that adapt to FMCG operational logic [3]. Group 3: Investment Recommendations - The liquor sector shows configuration value due to potential dividends, with leading companies having dividend yields close to or exceeding 3% [3]. - Dynamic valuations in the liquor sector have reverted to historically low levels, with potential catalysts such as stabilization in housing prices and domestic demand policies [3]. - Stock selection should prioritize companies with strong market share logic [3].

华泰证券研报表示，大势上，结合信用周期指引与财报线索，A股仍处于库存周期弱企稳，产能周期继 续出清的阶段，向上弹性待改善。同时，政策抓落实、稳预期，支撑风险偏好，市场或处于"上有顶、 下有底"的状态。风格上，中期维持红利+内需+科技的哑铃型配置，做多波动率。红利内部，国有行、 水电等运营性资产仍是底仓。科技和内需强调左侧思维，科技内部，AI和军工电子若调整仍可中期布 局。内需内部，三个筛选条件：1)供给收缩有约束；2)政府支出受益；3)人民币升值受益，建议超配航 空、饮料乳品等。 ...

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Core Viewpoints - The inventory cycle of the entire industrial sector continues in the "active restocking" phase. Although the inventory growth rate of the entire industrial sector remained flat compared to last month, the largest number of industries, 16 in total, are in the "active restocking" state, so it is determined that the industry inventory cycle is in the "active restocking" state [16][17]. Summary by Directory 1. Inventory Cycle Overview - In March 2025, the year-on-year growth rate of finished - product inventories of industrial enterprises remained flat at 4.2% compared to last month [9][10]. - The inventory cycle of the entire industrial sector continues in the "active restocking" state [16][17]. 2. Inventory Cycle Overview (by Industry) - **Upstream Industry**: The upstream industry (mining, accounting for only 2% of total inventory) has returned to the "active restocking" state in March 2025 [18]. - **Mid - stream Industry**: The mid - stream industry (mid - upstream manufacturing, accounting for 54% of total inventory) is in the "active restocking" state in March 2025 [19]. - **Downstream Industry**: The downstream industry (downstream manufacturing and utilities, accounting for 43% of total inventory) has returned to the "active restocking" state in March 2025 [20]. - **Specific Industries**: - Electronics is in the "passive destocking" state in March 2025 [21]. - Electrical machinery is in the "active restocking" state in March 2025 [21]. - Chemicals is in the "passive restocking" state in March 2025 [23]. - Paper is in the "passive destocking" state in March 2025 [23]. - Automobiles is in the "active destocking" state in March 2025 [28]. - Non - ferrous metals is in the "passive restocking" state in March 2025 [28]. - Instrumentation is in the "active restocking" state in March 2025 [33]. - General equipment is in the "passive destocking" state in March 2025 [33].

Report Investment Rating - No information about the industry investment rating is provided in the report. Core Views - The current stage represents the "beginning of the end" of the Sino-US game, with a "temporary easing of external pressure" as the macro - background, preparing for the 2.0 game in the future [3]. - The May 12th joint statement signals that the Sino - US trade game since 2018 has ended, and a new stage of competition and cooperation will begin. Market uncertainty pricing will shift from the trade field to other economic and financial fields [5]. - In an optimistic scenario, the end of the current inventory cycle decline may be seen in 2025. Attention should be paid to the real risks to the capital market due to the accelerated bottom - hitting of the cycle and the switch of macro - assets within the year, such as the peak of gold and the steepening of the yield curve [5]. - Regarding strategies, as the economic cycle shifts from the inventory cycle decline to the capacity cycle rise, attention should be paid to the annual inflection point of gold. For Chinese bonds, with the phased improvement of risk assets, attention should be paid to the space for RMB asset allocation provided by the accelerated decline of the inventory cycle, and the yield curve will switch to steep, maintaining a strategic steepening position (+2s10s) [6]. Summary by Directory Why is it now - The macro - background of China's package of financial policies on May 7th is the "temporary easing of external pressure", reaching a window for "easing" to prepare for the future 2.0 game [11]. Review 4 - month pressure events - In April, the global economy released a pessimistic outlook. The US announced the implementation of "reciprocal tariffs" on April 2nd, deteriorating the global trade environment. Direct exports to the US in April began to decline, and spot freight rates also continued to fall [12]. - The US financial market faced pressure in April. With the impact of the US "reciprocal tariffs" and China's "reciprocal counter - measures", the instability of the US financial market increased, and the US stocks, bonds, and the US dollar showed short - term downward pressure. Asian currencies appreciated rapidly during the May Day holiday due to the hedging of currency mismatch pressure by a Taiwanese insurance company [12]. - Under the influence of uncertainty, monetary policies gradually turned loose. The ECB cut three key interest rates by 25 basis points on April 17th, and the Bank of Japan postponed the interest rate hike for the second time on May 1st and lowered GDP and inflation forecasts [12]. Performance 1: Market pressure - Gold prices reflect the "damage" to the US dollar credit. Since the US launched "reciprocal tariffs" in April, the US dollar, bonds, and stocks have fluctuated significantly, increasing market concerns about the US dollar credit. Although US stocks rebounded at the end of April, the loosening of financial conditions driven by the rising volatility of US stocks is significantly converging, and attention should be paid to the evolution of internal contradictions in the US [17]. - The Fed's balance - sheet policy needs to cooperate. The large refinancing scale of US bonds in the middle of this year has shocked the market. The current benchmark interest rate of 4.50 - 4.75% still poses pressure on fiscal refinancing. Before the final implementation of policy games, US stocks still face the risk of a second adjustment [18]. Performance 2: Economic pressure - The global economy will face downward pressure due to the trade war. In April, the global manufacturing prosperity declined significantly, with the global manufacturing PMI dropping to 49.8, China's to 49.0, and the US's to 48.7. Structurally, it shows a decline in Chinese demand and a rise in US prices [21]. What are the incremental information - On May 12th, the Sino - US joint statement was released. In terms of the background, it was a "talk" rather than a "negotiation". In the tariff aspect, the current tariff policy will be adjusted to "one cancellation, one suspension, and one retention" before May 14th, canceling tariffs imposed after April 8th, suspending 24% tariffs for 90 days, and retaining 10% tariffs. The statement did not mention "fentanyl tariffs". In the non - tariff aspect, a mechanism will be established to negotiate economic and trade relations [25][26]. About tariffs - The 90 - day tariff suspension provides a time window for Sino - US negotiations, boosting market risk appetite. The US still needs to impose about 49% tariffs on China, and China's corresponding counter - measures still need to implement about 40% tariffs, which will cause inflationary pressure on US enterprises and consumers [31][34]. About non - tariffs - The Sino - US joint statement mentioned establishing a mechanism to continue negotiating economic and trade relations. The establishment of the communication mechanism may provide space for Trump's domestic policies before the mid - term elections. In different fields, such as trade, geopolitics, regulation, and tax cuts, corresponding developments are expected [35][37]. How to view the macro - market - The May 12th joint statement signals that the Sino - US trade game since 2018 has ended, and a new stage of competition and cooperation will begin. Market uncertainty pricing will shift from the trade field to other economic and financial fields [39]. Risks in the current downward stage - The cycle is in a downward phase in 2025. The Trump tariff war and the May 12th joint statement will accelerate the cycle to "bottom out", and attention should be paid to the real risks to the capital market [40]. Outlook for the future upward stage - The "beginning of the end" of the Sino - US game is expected to accelerate the global cycle's shift from the current downward stage (global central bank interest rate cuts) to the upward stage (global fiscal expansion). Optimistically, the "low point" of this cycle will be reached within the year, and attention should be paid to the switch of macro - assets [44][45].

证券研究报告 | 策略研究 gszqdatemark 2025 05 06 年 月 日 投资策略 A 股 25Q1 盈利与供需特征如何？——25Q1 财报分析（一） 一、业绩增长：A 股盈利回升转正，净利率是主要驱动 1.1 业绩增长：A 股盈利 24Q4 进一步下探、25Q1 回升转正 ——全 A/全 A 非金融业绩增速 2024 年四季度进一步下探，2025 年一 季度回升转正。全 A/全 A 非金融 25Q1 归母净利润同比分别为 3.58%/4.28%，环比分别变动 5.94/17.26pct；全 A/全 A 非金融 24Q4 归 母净利润同比分别为-2.36%/-12.99%，环比分别变动-2.30/-5.75pct。 ——上市板看，主板业绩保持韧性、创业板业绩弹性较强；宽基指数看， 大盘业绩增速小幅回落，中小盘盈利明显修复；行业风格看，科技 TMT、 可选消费、中游制造业绩占优，中游制造、科技 TMT、上游资源增速改善。 1.2 营收增长：A 股营收增速连续两期修复，但仍小幅负增 ——全 A/全 A 非金融营收增速连续两期修复，但仍小幅负增。全 A/全 A 非金融 25Q1 营业收入同比分别为-0 ...

制造·掘金 年报一季报总结电话会议 20250504 摘要 • 风电行业一季度景气度回升，收入同比增长 15%，归母净利润同比增长 3%，为近三年首次。零部件环节盈利显著修复，全产业链存货和应收账款 周转加速，看好 2025 年量利齐升与业绩估值双击。 • 光伏主产业链仍处于景气筑底状态，但储能逆变器环节表现亮眼。一季度 硅片、电池片及硅片组件辅材环节毛利率明显修复，电池片环节率先实现 毛利转正。建议关注经营稳健的头部公司及供需关系良好的核心辅材。 • 新能源车受益于以旧换新政策和出海加速，一季度销量稳定增长。锂电板 块自去年二季度进入复苏阶段，今年一季度逐步进入繁荣期，库存周期从 被动去库向主动补库转移。推荐具备低成本路线和强爆款打造能力的车企。 • 锂电产业链中，高压实密度材料的磷酸铁锂和六氟磷酸锂，以及电芯结构 件、辅材、负极铁锂、三元前驱体隔膜等细分赛道值得重点关注。关注固 态电池产业化进度及布局机器人、半导体等第二增长曲线的公司。 • 电网板块稳步增长，2024 年营收增速约 12%-13%，净利润保持稳定增 长。出海和主网设备环节资本开支高速增长，2025 年一季度电力设备出 口同比增长 17%。 ...

Economic Impact - The inbound economy is expected to boost China's GDP by approximately 0.2 percentage points in 2025[4] - Inbound tourism revenue as a percentage of GDP is projected to increase from 0.5% in 2024 to 0.65% in 2025[4] - The number of inbound tourists is anticipated to recover from 130 million to 150 million by 2025, with per capita spending increasing by 15% to $821[4] Consumption and Retail - The new tax refund policy is expected to increase retail sales growth by 0.1-0.2 percentage points in 2025[5] - Inbound consumption is composed of approximately 80% service consumption and 20% goods consumption[5] - The estimated additional boost to goods consumption in 2025 is projected to be between 57 billion to 74.8 billion yuan[5] Industrial Performance - In March, industrial revenue grew by 4.4% year-on-year, marking a 1.6 percentage point increase from the previous value[6] - The total profit for March turned positive at 2.6% year-on-year, indicating a recovery from negative growth[6] - The contribution to profit growth from industrial value added, PPI, and profit margin year-on-year was +7.5, -2.6, and -3.3 percentage points respectively[6] Profit Distribution - As of March, the profit share of upstream, midstream, and downstream industries was 29.9%, 38.2%, and 21.1% respectively[7] - Upstream profit growth improved to -7.4%, primarily due to rising prices in non-ferrous metals[7] - Midstream sectors benefitted from new policies, with significant profit growth in computer communication and electrical machinery sectors[7]

铝&氧化铝产业链周度报告 国泰君安期货研究所·王蓉（首席分析师/所长助理） 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0002529 日期：2025年04月27日 Guotai Junan Futures all rights reserved, please do not reprint ◆ 电解铝目前现实端的表现还不算特别疲弱，当然从本周的情况来看，不论是去库还是现货市场的表现，相较于上周都有了一定程度的边际走弱。因 此，在短期内，目前这个价格仍然显得相对坚挺，但展望后市，特别是6、7、8三个月，我们预计下游消费将更明显转弱（尤其以光伏为代表）。 基于这一点，铝价的下行空间，可能会比上行空间更值得关注。宏观面上，短期市场对关税的情绪反馈有所钝化，但并不意味着这一事件的结束， 相反可能还在对此的渐进式消化过程中。 ◆ 后续更倾向于从"未来现实"的层面去寻找进一步的验证点，主要可能来自两个方向：第一个方向是海外端，尤其是关于铝元素的供需情况，是否 真的存在产需缺口，海外的库存消耗周期还有多久。第二个方向，看我们出口端的节奏变化，今年前几个月铝加工材出口表现比较糟糕，1-2月偏弱， 但3月开始略有修复，可能与某些重点区域企业个体化 ...