Domestic Insights - The August PMI manufacturing price index increased, likely due to the upward shift in upstream commodity prices, which may hinder future corporate profit recovery[2] - The current domestic market is in a new bull market phase, with wealth effects expected to boost service consumption as a highlight for Q4 economic growth[2] - September is a critical observation window for RMB appreciation, especially if US-China negotiations show substantial progress[2] Overseas Insights - In August, non-farm payrolls added only 22,000 jobs, significantly below the expected 75,000, indicating a moderate slowdown in employment rather than a rapid decline[15] - The unemployment rate rose to 4.3% in August from 4.2% in July, reinforcing concerns about employment risks discussed at the Jackson Hole meeting[15] - The weak non-farm data suggests the Federal Reserve may lower interest rates by 75 basis points this year, with weak dollar trading likely to continue in the coming weeks[15] Liquidity and Market Trends - The overall liquidity tightened this week, with the benchmark interest rate down approximately 7.412 basis points[19] - The average daily transaction volume in the interbank pledged repo market increased by about 2417.16 billion CNY, reaching 73138.95 billion CNY[20] - Government bond issuance pressure decreased, with a net repayment of 1184.54 billion CNY and a planned issuance of 8376.7 billion CNY next week[21] Asset Performance - The Shanghai Composite Index fell by 1.18% this week, while the Shenzhen Component Index decreased by 0.83%[39] - Gold prices showed an upward trend, while international crude oil prices experienced a downward trend[37] - The US 10-year Treasury yield declined, reflecting a mixed performance in European bond yields[39]

Overall Inventory Cycle - As of June 2025, total U.S. inventory increased by 2.89% year-on-year, compared to a previous value of 2.64%[1] - Total U.S. sales in June 2025 rose by 3.94% year-on-year, up from 3.32% previously[1] - Since April 2025, the U.S. has shifted from passive inventory replenishment to active destocking, but inflationary pressures are slowing this process[1] - Actual inventory growth rates from April to June 2025 were 2.2%, 1.6%, and 1.3% respectively[1] Industry Inventory Cycle - In June 2025, 7 out of 14 major industries were in active destocking, including oil, gas, chemicals, and automotive sectors[1] - The historical percentile for overall inventory growth in June was 35.3%, with specific industries like construction materials at 84.5% and chemicals at 64.6%[1] - Oil and chemical sectors are likely in active destocking, while construction and metal inventories remain high, indicating a potential shift to active destocking[1] - The transportation sector has been in active destocking since April 2025, while automotive parts have also transitioned to active destocking since December 2024[1]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for China Feihe (06186.HK) with a target price of HKD 5.1 [1][4]. Core Views - The company reported a 9.36% year-on-year decline in revenue for H1 2025, totaling CNY 9.151 billion, and a 46.66% drop in net profit to CNY 1 billion. The interim dividend declared is HKD 0.1209 per share, amounting to CNY 1 billion [1][4]. - The company is facing significant operational pressure due to intensified competition and proactive inventory reduction, which has led to a decrease in market share [4]. - The gross margin for H1 2025 was 61.58%, down 6.3 percentage points year-on-year, primarily due to changes in sales structure and losses from raw milk powder [4]. - The company is implementing various measures to adjust operations, including inventory management and the introduction of new customized products, aiming for a recovery in performance [4]. Financial Summary - **Revenue Forecasts**: - 2024A: CNY 20.749 billion - 2025E: CNY 18.792 billion - 2026E: CNY 19.835 billion - 2027E: CNY 20.469 billion - Year-on-year growth rates: 5.6%, -9.4%, 5.5%, 3.2% [1][10]. - **Net Profit Forecasts**: - 2024A: CNY 3.570 billion - 2025E: CNY 2.190 billion - 2026E: CNY 3.001 billion - 2027E: CNY 3.384 billion - Year-on-year growth rates: 5.3%, -38.7%, 37.1%, 12.8% [1][10]. - **Earnings Per Share (EPS)**: - 2024: CNY 0.39 - 2025: CNY 0.24 - 2026: CNY 0.33 - 2027: CNY 0.37 [1][10]. - **Valuation Ratios**: - Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratios for 2025E: 17 - Price-to-Book (P/B) ratios for 2025E: 1.4 [1][10]. Market Performance - The current share price is HKD 4.39, with a market capitalization of HKD 39.8 billion [2]. - The stock has experienced a 12-month high of HKD 6.80 and a low of HKD 3.34 [2]. Strategic Adjustments - The company is focusing on health-oriented strategies and actively promoting reforms to address operational challenges, including inventory adjustments and the launch of new products [4]. - The company aims to improve channel profitability and market presence through these strategic initiatives [4].

Core Viewpoint - The overall decline in corporate profits has narrowed in July, showing a differentiated structure primarily due to profit recovery relying on "anti-involution" policies leading to supply contraction and price increases, alongside demand support from certain high-end manufacturing sectors. However, downstream consumer demand remains weak, causing marginal profit shrinkage in downstream industries. The current inventory cycle is characterized by proactive destocking driven by policies. A comprehensive recovery in corporate profits will require policy efforts to boost downstream demand, transitioning profit recovery from structural to comprehensive [1]. Summary by Sections - Corporate Profit Trends: The decline in corporate profits has slowed down, indicating a potential recovery phase influenced by specific policies and market conditions [1]. - Structural Differentiation: The recovery is uneven, with high-end manufacturing benefiting while downstream sectors face challenges due to weak consumer demand [1]. - Inventory Cycle: The current phase is marked by proactive destocking, suggesting a strategic approach to inventory management under policy guidance [1]. - Future Outlook: A full recovery in corporate profits hinges on policy measures aimed at stimulating downstream demand, which is essential for transitioning from structural recovery to overall profit growth [1].

Economic Indicators - July manufacturing PMI recorded at 49.3%, down from 49.7% in June, indicating a significant contraction and falling below market expectations of 49.6%[2] - Non-manufacturing PMI decreased to 50.1% from 50.5%, while the composite PMI output index fell to 50.2%[2] Demand and Supply Dynamics - New orders fell below the expansion threshold, with new export orders declining by 0.6 percentage points, marking a four-month low[5] - The production index showed a notable decline but remained in the expansion zone, indicating ongoing production activity despite weakening demand[3] Price and Cost Pressures - Major raw material purchase prices surged, leading to a significant increase in factory prices, although the increase in factory prices lagged behind raw material costs, creating a record price gap for the year[7] - The supply chain faced pressures as the supplier delivery time index slightly increased, indicating stable logistics efficiency amidst rising costs[3] Inventory and Procurement Trends - Finished goods inventory saw a substantial decrease, reflecting a shift from passive to active inventory reduction strategies by companies due to high costs and weak demand[8] - Procurement volumes dropped significantly, entering a contraction phase as companies adjusted their purchasing strategies in response to declining orders[5] Sector Performance - Equipment manufacturing PMI fell to 50.3%, while consumer goods PMI dropped to 49.5%, indicating a contraction in consumer demand[4] - Large enterprises experienced a decline in PMI, while medium-sized enterprises showed a slight recovery, highlighting a growing disparity among different business sizes[4] Future Outlook - The July PMI data reversed the optimistic expectations from June, indicating a retreat in demand, inventory cycles, and industry dynamics[10] - The bond market is expected to reflect these economic realities, with the ten-year government bond yield showing an upward trend despite the contraction in manufacturing PMI[12]

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The commodity market in the first half of 2025 is significantly driven by macroeconomic factors, reflecting weak demand from China and the U.S., as well as changes in overseas policies and geopolitical situations. The second half of the year will continue to focus on economic and policy trends, with domestic "anti-involution" movements influencing market perceptions of capacity adjustments and commodity value reassessment [3][6]. Group 1: Market Overview - In the first half of 2025, the commodity market experienced notable macro-driven changes, with geopolitical tensions pushing precious metals to new highs while domestic supply conditions pressured many commodities to near historical lows [6][20]. - The market can be divided into three phases: pre-February with concerns over U.S. policy uncertainty, March to mid-May with rising commodity risk sentiment, and post-mid-May following the Geneva agreement between China and the U.S. that led to a rebound in previously low-priced commodities [8][9][10]. - The market's basic reflection of policy environments and past economic changes indicates that spot prices for some assets are relatively effective, but intuitive trading based on insufficient analysis poses risks [3][19]. Group 2: U.S.-China Economic Cycle - The economic conditions of China and the U.S. significantly influence commodity pricing, with both countries experiencing a phase of weak demand, leading to overall market pressure [28][30]. - The cyclical relationship between China and the U.S. suggests that while there are opportunities for commodity rebounds, the overall adjustment cycle has not yet concluded [27][28]. - The "anti-involution" policies in China are interpreted as a direction to help industries escape competitive dilemmas, leading to a potential revaluation of commodity prices [26][43]. Group 3: Potential Trading Logic - Energy prices are sensitive to supply expectations, with OPEC+ decisions impacting market trends. The recent increase in production by OPEC+ has created a bearish trend, while U.S. policy shocks have further depressed prices [53][55]. - In the non-ferrous metals sector, U.S. trade policies, particularly regarding copper, are crucial for pricing dynamics, with inventory shifts affecting market conditions [60][61]. - The renewable energy sector is undergoing adjustments due to low-price competition, necessitating industry self-discipline and policy regulation to restore balance [66][70]. Group 4: Agricultural Commodities - Weather conditions and trade flows are critical for agricultural commodities, with the summer season being pivotal for crop growth. Predictions indicate that extreme weather may not significantly impact yields this year [71][74]. - Changes in trade policies are likely to alter pricing logic, with potential shifts in trade flows affecting domestic pricing strategies for agricultural products [77].

Overall Inventory Cycle - In April, the total inventory in the U.S. increased by 3.37% year-on-year, compared to a previous value of 3.43%[1] - The total sales in April rose by 3.74% year-on-year, down from 4.04% previously[1] - The data indicates a preliminary shift towards active destocking in the U.S. inventory cycle[1] Industry Inventory Cycle - Among 14 major industries in April, 10 were in passive restocking, including construction materials, metals, and consumer goods[12] - The historical percentile for overall inventory in April was 39.2%, with chemical products at 85.7% and construction materials at 83.2%[12] - Oil and chemical sectors are likely transitioning to active destocking, while construction and metal inventories remain high[12] Future Outlook - Despite uncertainties regarding tariffs, the U.S. inventory cycle is expected to lean towards active destocking in Q2 due to previous overstocking[1] - The "panic import" demand has extended the passive restocking cycle for downstream industries[14] - Active destocking is anticipated for automotive and automotive parts as of December 2024, with a continued trend into April 2025[14]

Profit Trends - In May, the profit growth rate of industrial enterprises fell to -9.1%, a decrease of 12.1 percentage points from April[3] - Cumulative profit growth from January to May was -1.1%, down from 3.2% in the previous four months[4] - The profit margin for May was 5.3%, slightly down from April, indicating a significant year-on-year decline due to high profit margins last year[5] Industry Performance - The share of profits from midstream industries dropped from 54% to 49%, reflecting weaker demand compared to upstream and downstream sectors[6] - Upstream industries faced profit declines primarily due to falling prices and volumes, while midstream sectors, particularly export-oriented ones, struggled to pass costs downstream[10] - Specific sectors like specialized equipment and electrical machinery saw profit growth rates drop by over 20 percentage points due to changing export dynamics[10] Economic Outlook - Active inventory reduction has continued for two months, with finished goods inventory growth at 3.5%[16] - Future profit recovery for enterprises will depend on the effectiveness of domestic demand policies amid ongoing external uncertainties[16] - The report anticipates that proactive policies will support domestic demand improvement, aiding in profit recovery for businesses[3]

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - In May, industrial enterprise profits experienced a year-on-year decline of 9.1%, a significant drop of 12.1 percentage points compared to April, driven by falling volume, price, and profit margins due to disruptions in both domestic and external demand, as well as a decrease in commodity prices [1][2][4]. Group 1: Profit Trends - Cumulative profit growth for industrial enterprises from January to May was -1.1%, down from 3.2% in the previous period, with May's profit growth at -9.1% [2]. - The profit margin for May was reported at 5.0%, slightly up from the previous month, but the monthly figure of 5.3% showed a decline from April, indicating increased pressure on overall profits [4][9]. - The upstream sector faced significant profit margin declines due to falling international commodity prices, while the midstream sector struggled to pass on costs to downstream industries [9]. Group 2: Sector Performance - The share of profits from the midstream sector decreased from 54% to 49%, reflecting weaker demand compared to upstream and downstream sectors [5]. - In the upstream sector, only the chemical industry showed a narrowing profit decline, while other sectors experienced profit growth declines [7]. - The automotive sector saw a significant drop in profit growth, similar to trends in the midstream sector, while the pharmaceutical industry experienced a profit growth rebound [7][9]. Group 3: Inventory and Demand - Active inventory reduction has continued for two months, with a 3.5% increase in industrial product inventory from January to May [11]. - The overall revenue growth for enterprises from January to May was 2.7%, with May's growth at 0.8%, both showing a decline from previous months [11]. - Future profit recovery for enterprises will depend on the effectiveness of domestic demand policies amid ongoing external uncertainties [11].

Overall Inventory Cycle - In March 2025, the total inventory in the U.S. increased by 3.47% year-on-year, compared to a previous value of 2.54%[1] - Sales in March 2025 rose by 4.05% year-on-year, up from 3.21% previously[1] - The U.S. was expected to enter an active destocking phase by late 2024, but tariff expectations led to a surge in imports, particularly in industrial and consumer goods, exceeding seasonal norms and potentially overextending future demand[1] Industry Inventory Cycle - As of March 2025, 10 out of 14 major industries were in a passive restocking phase, including chemicals, building materials, and metals[19] - The historical percentile for overall inventory growth in March was 40.8%, with chemicals at 87.1%, building materials at 68.9%, and automotive parts at 55.1%, indicating high inventory levels relative to historical data[19] - The oil and gas sector has been in an active destocking phase since March 2025, while other sectors remain in passive restocking[20] - The transportation sector is currently in an active destocking phase, while machinery manufacturing is in a passive destocking phase[21] - Consumer goods, including durable goods and textiles, are also in a passive restocking phase as of March 2025[22]