流动性跟踪与地方债策略专题 ➢ 风险提示：政府债供给超预期，货币政策超预期，经济表现超预期。 [Table_Author] 四季度是否会有供给冲击？ 2025 年 09 月 16 日 ➢ 9 月 12 日国务院新闻办召开新闻发布会介绍"十四五"时期财政改革发展成效，继 续落实好一揽子化债举措，提前下达部分 2026 年新增地方政府债务限额，靠前使用化债 额度，多措并举化解存量隐性债务。 ➢ 如何理解提前下达部分 2026 年新增地方政府债务限额？自 2018 年开始，全国人 大常委会就通过了《关于授权国务院提前下达部分新增地方政府债务限额的决定》，授权 期限持续到 2022 年底，但 2023 年全国人大常委会将授权期限延期至 2027 年底。根据 《决定》要求，提前下达次年的新增地方政府债务限额应为当年新增地方政府债务限额的 60%以内，即 2025 年可以提前下达的最大限额应为 5.2*60%=3.12 万亿元，提前下达限 额为常规操作，这部分规模并不会影响 2025 年地方债供给情况，而是用于 2026 年上半 年的新增债务发行。从 2020 年-2025 年上半年新增债的实际情况来看，提前下达的规模 ...

Core Views - The report indicates that the probability of a rate cut by the Federal Reserve in September has increased significantly following Powell's speech on August 22, which may also raise expectations for a rate cut by the People's Bank of China. However, due to factors such as pressure on bank net interest margins, the likelihood of a rate cut within the year is considered low, although a reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cut is anticipated [2][10] - The liquidity environment remains generally loose, with short-term interest rates showing little change. Key indicators to monitor in September include the maturity of 2.27 trillion yuan in pledged repos at the beginning of the month, a noticeable increase in the maturity of certificates of deposit starting from the second week, and the seasonal pressures at the end of the month [2][10] Government Debt Issuance - It is projected that government debt issuance in September 2025 will range from 2.11 to 2.26 trillion yuan, with net financing expected to be between 0.94 and 1.10 trillion yuan, which is lower than the 1.33 trillion yuan in August. Specifically, the issuance of treasury bonds is expected to be 1.43 trillion yuan, with net financing of 0.67 trillion yuan, while local government bonds are expected to be issued between 0.68 and 0.83 trillion yuan, with net financing of 0.27 to 0.43 trillion yuan [3][17] - The report highlights that the issuance of local government bonds has been notably diverse since August 8, with 226 bonds issued totaling 848.1 billion yuan, averaging 3.753 billion yuan per bond. The report notes that the actual issuance levels for various maturities have shown a tendency to increase, particularly for 15-year bonds, which have the highest actual spread at around 30 basis points [4][26] Local Government Debt Strategy - The report indicates that the spread between 15-year local government bonds and treasury bonds reached 31 basis points at the end of August, marking a 100% percentile level since 2024. Funds began net buying local government bonds in the last week of August, primarily focusing on the longer end of the curve, specifically 15-20 year bonds [5][58] - The report suggests that under the current treasury yield levels, 10-year local government bonds yielding over 2% and 30-year bonds yielding over 2.3% are considered high and may present investment opportunities. Specific bonds identified as having value include 25 Guangdong Bond 42, 25 Guangdong Bond 41, 25 Jiangsu Bond 42, and 25 Sichuan 56 [5][58] Money Market Rate Tracking - The report notes that the 1-year large bank negotiable certificates of deposit (NCD) rate increased from 1.63% at the beginning of August to 1.67% by the end of the month. The maturity scale of NCDs is expected to rise further to 3.55 trillion yuan in September, which is the second-highest historical level, indicating increased pressure for renewal [20][28] Open Market Operations - As of August 29, the total balance of the central bank's open market operations was 134.021 trillion yuan, with pledged repos at 22.731 trillion yuan and medium-term lending facility (MLF) at 55.500 trillion yuan. The report anticipates continued provision of medium-term liquidity support in September [11][39]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Group 2: Core Views of the Report - In July, the bond market oscillated weakly due to factors such as the central bank's protection of the capital market, short - term settlement of Sino - US economic and trade negotiations, and the "anti - involution" driving the equity and commodity markets. The long - end yield increased more, with the 10Y and 1Y Treasury bond yields rising by 6BP and 4BP respectively [1][8]. - In August, from the fundamental perspective, focus on the possible improvement of CPI and social financing structure, the resilience of exports after the extension of Sino - US tariff exemptions, the marginal changes of PMI in domestic and external demand, and the impact of the "anti - involution" policy on the improvement of the prosperity index. Also, observe the possible disturbances of the improvement of key data such as real estate on the fundamentals and expectations [2]. - In terms of supply, the single - month issuance peak of ultra - long special national bonds and the continued high - level use of new special bonds are expected to drive the high supply of government bonds in August. The net supply of government bonds in August may be around 1.4 trillion yuan, which may be the peak in the second half of the year [2]. - Regarding the capital market, there may be phased fluctuations due to the end of the month and the peak of inter - bank certificate of deposit (CD) maturities. After entering August, with the decline of inter - bank CD scale and the central bank's protection, the capital market is expected to return to a balanced and loose state. The central bank may restart Treasury bond trading, and multiple tools will jointly support the reasonable and abundant liquidity [2]. - From the policy perspective, the Politburo meeting at the end of July was positive but with limited incremental information. The Sino - US tariff negotiation was settled at the end of July, with a 90 - day tariff exemption extension, and the attitude of the US needs to be continuously monitored [3]. - In terms of institutional behavior, institutions still increased their holdings in July. In August, with interest rates likely to decline and fluctuate, focus on the support of large - scale banks for the short - end, the increase in the long - end holdings of rural commercial banks, the recovery of the fund's motivation to increase holdings by extending the duration, and the marginal change in the insurance company's willingness to allocate ultra - long - end bonds [3]. Group 3: Summary According to the Catalog 1. Bond Market Review: Interest Rates Oscillated Upward, and the Yield Curve Steepened Bearishly - In July, affected by multiple factors, the bond market oscillated weakly. The long - end yield increased more, with the 10Y and 1Y Treasury bond yields rising by 6BP and 4BP respectively. The term spread widened by 2BP to 32BP [1][8]. - The yield curve of Treasury bonds steepened bearishly in July, with the medium - and long - end yields generally rising more. The implied tax rate of China Development Bank bonds generally increased [9]. - Overseas, US inflation continued to rise slightly, labor data improved, and the Fed maintained the benchmark interest rate unchanged in July. The market's expectation of a September interest rate cut decreased. The yield of US Treasury bonds rose, and the Sino - US interest rate spread inverted further [10]. 2. This Month's Outlook and Strategy (1) This Month's Bond Market Outlook: The Capital Market is Likely to Return to Normal, and Supply will Reach a Peak in the Second Half of the Year - **Fundamentals**: For the July macro - data to be released, pay attention to the possible improvement of CPI and social financing structure, the resilience of exports after the extension of tariff exemptions, the marginal changes of PMI, and the impact of real estate data improvement on fundamentals and expectations [2][28]. - **Supply**: The single - month issuance peak of ultra - long special national bonds and the continued high - level use of new special bonds will drive the high supply of government bonds in August. The net supply of government bonds in August is expected to be around 1.4 trillion yuan, which may be the peak in the second half of the year [2][41]. - **Capital Market**: There may be phased fluctuations at the end of the month, but after entering August, with the decline of inter - bank CD scale and the central bank's protection, the capital market is expected to return to a balanced and loose state. The central bank may restart Treasury bond trading, and multiple tools will jointly support the reasonable and abundant liquidity [2][48]. - **Policy**: The Politburo meeting at the end of July was positive but with limited incremental information. The Sino - US tariff negotiation was settled at the end of July, with a 90 - day tariff exemption extension, and the attitude of the US needs to be continuously monitored [3][61]. - **Institutional Behavior**: Institutions still increased their holdings in July. In August, with interest rates likely to decline and fluctuate, focus on the support of large - scale banks for the short - end, the increase in the long - end holdings of rural commercial banks, the recovery of the fund's motivation to increase holdings by extending the duration, and the marginal change in the insurance company's willingness to allocate ultra - long - end bonds. The adjustment of government bond VAT may also affect institutional allocation logic [3][68]. (2) Bond Market Strategy: Focus on the Balance between Stocks and Bonds, the Bond Market will Oscillate Downward, and Pay Attention to Trading Opportunities - In August, the main points of concern are the return of the capital market to a loose state under the central bank's protection, the shift from the stock - bond seesaw to the balance between stocks and bonds, the peak supply of government bonds due to the acceleration of special bond issuance, and the short - term impact of the change in government bond VAT [74]. - In terms of interest rates, the bond market's capital market in August is likely to return to a stable state under the central bank's protection. The bond market is still in a favorable environment, but the implementation of broad - based monetary policies needs to be awaited. The subsequent market is likely to evolve from the stock - bond seesaw to a balanced state. Short - term bond interest rates may decline marginally. Strategies include maintaining an appropriate duration, focusing on band trading, paying attention to the trading value of old bonds and the allocation value of new bonds, taking profits when yields are low, and increasing allocations when the 10 - year Treasury bond yield rises above 1.75% [76]. 3. Important Economic Calendar for August - The table provides the expected release dates and market expectations of various economic indicators in July and August, including foreign exchange reserves, CPI, PPI, M2, social financing scale, etc. [78]

Core Viewpoint - The report from Shenwan Hongyuan indicates that the 10-year government bond yield in China is expected to fluctuate between 1.65% and 1.80% from August to October, with stringent conditions required for a downward breakthrough [1] Group 1: Market Conditions - The bond market is anticipated to experience volatility during August to October, with mid to short-term bonds expected to perform steadily, leading to a steeper yield curve compared to the current state [1] - In August, the pressure on the bond market may not be significant due to a peak in government bond supply, and monetary policy will need to support liquidity alongside fiscal needs [1] Group 2: Central Bank Actions - If the bond market experiences intensified adjustments, the central bank may consider restarting open market operations for government bonds [1] - The focus on preventing capital turnover and managing risks suggests that liquidity is more likely to remain loose rather than further easing [1] Group 3: Future Risks and Economic Indicators - The transition between the third and fourth quarters is identified as a potential risk window, as government bond supply is expected to decrease, leading to a lower probability of liquidity hedging [1] - There may be a risk of rising consumer price index and producer price index as the economy enters a verification period for anti-involution effects [1] Group 4: Investment Opportunities - The second half of the year may present lower odds for the bond market and higher odds for the stock market, driven by the migration of household deposits and insurance funds into equities [1] - The stock market is showing signs of bottoming out, with a gradual emergence of wealth effects, while the bond market's pricing is becoming less sensitive to fundamentals and liquidity, making it more reactive to changes in price expectations [1]

Group 1: Wealth Management Scale - The wealth management scale decreased by CNY 744 billion to CNY 30.92 trillion during the week of July 28 to August 1[1] - In July, the total growth was only CNY 2,469 billion, significantly lower than the historical average of over CNY 10 trillion for the same month[1] - The decline in scale is attributed to ongoing net value decreases and redemption pressures, with short-term and medium-term debt products experiencing maximum drawdowns of 8bp and 6bp respectively[1] Group 2: Leverage Rates - The average leverage level in the interbank market decreased from 107.41% to 107.34% during the week of July 28 to August 1[3] - Non-bank institutions saw a rebound in leverage rates, increasing from 112.10% to 112.34%[3] - Exchange leverage rates also declined slightly from 122.47% to 122.43% during the same period[3] Group 3: Bond Fund Duration - The duration of interest rate-based medium and long-term bond funds decreased from 5.49 years to 5.45 years[4] - Credit bond fund duration reached a historical high of 2.81 years, up from 2.78 years[4] - Short and medium-term bond fund durations decreased to 1.01 years and 1.65 years respectively[4] Group 4: Government Debt Issuance - The planned issuance of government bonds increased to CNY 5,785 billion for the week of August 4-8, up from CNY 5,174 billion[47] - Net issuance of government bonds rose from CNY 2,876 billion to CNY 3,390 billion, primarily due to a significant increase in national bond net issuance[47] - Local government bond issuance for the week of July 28 to August 1 was CNY 3,372 billion, with a net issuance of CNY 2,360 billion[50]

Group 1 - The central bank maintains a relatively loose liquidity stance, with market institutions expecting no tightening of funds in August [1][2] - The liquidity gap in August is estimated to be around 200 billion yuan, indicating manageable pressure [1] - Government bond issuance is expected to peak in August, with net financing around 1.2 trillion yuan, contributing to the liquidity landscape [2] Group 2 - The banking sector is anticipated to face increased pressure due to high government bond supply, with monthly net financing potentially reaching 1.5 to 1.6 trillion yuan [2] - The central bank may utilize various liquidity management tools, including OMO, MLF, and reverse repos, to stabilize the market [2] - Recent economic data does not support a shift in monetary policy, reinforcing the expectation of stable liquidity conditions [2][3] Group 3 - Risks to liquidity are more influenced by institutional market behavior rather than fiscal and monetary policies, highlighting the need to monitor bank liabilities and lending capabilities [3] - The decline in deposit rates and the siphoning effect from the equity market may exacerbate deposit outflows, particularly affecting joint-stock banks [3] - The recent reduction in leverage in the bond market is expected to help control the sensitivity of institutions to fluctuations in funding rates [3]

Group 1: Market Liquidity - In July, the overnight funding rate rose significantly to 1.53% and then to 1.65% on July 24, raising concerns about liquidity[1] - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) injected a net amount of 601.8 billion yuan through 7-day reverse repos on July 25, indicating a supportive stance on liquidity[1] - By the end of July, the overnight funding rate decreased to 1.36%, with the balance of 7-day reverse repos significantly higher than seasonal levels[1] Group 2: Government Debt Supply - It is estimated that in August 2025, government debt issuance will be between 2.17 trillion and 2.39 trillion yuan, with net financing close to 1.17 trillion to 1.39 trillion yuan[5] - From January to July 2025, net financing from ordinary government bonds reached 2.56 trillion yuan, with various types of bonds contributing to a total of 9.02 trillion yuan utilized, accounting for 65% of the annual quota of 13.86 trillion yuan[5][27] - The issuance of local government bonds is progressing slightly faster than that of national bonds[5] Group 3: Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The 1-year interbank certificate of deposit (CD) rate rose slightly after reaching around 1.6% in early July, with the market beginning to see price increases[6] - The maturity scale of CDs in August increased to 3.07 trillion yuan, indicating heightened renewal pressure[6] - The 1-year CD rate is expected to fluctuate between 1.6% and 1.7%, with rates above 1.65% considered to have certain allocation value[6]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content Group 2: Core View of the Report - The capital market in August does not have a basis for tightening. Although the bond market has become desensitized to capital and fundamental information recently, it will eventually return to these two concerns. Currently, the Sino - US tariff negotiations have not released more positive information, and the latest economic data does not support a shift in monetary policy [2][9] Group 3: Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Overall Judgment of August Capital Market - In July, after the capital interest rate dropped to nearly 1.3% at the beginning of the month, there were two significant increases. On July 25, the central bank immediately made a large - scale net investment of 601.8 billion yuan in 7 - day reverse repurchase to support the capital market, indicating that the central bank's attitude of supporting the capital market has not changed. The overnight capital interest rate has dropped to 1.36%, and the balance of 7 - day reverse repurchase is significantly higher than the seasonal level, similar to the situation in the second quarter [2][9] 2. Open Market - In August, the maturity of MLF is 300 billion yuan, and the maturity of outright reverse repurchase is 900 billion yuan, totaling 1.2 trillion yuan, less than the 1.5 trillion yuan in July. Since May, the combined caliber of these two tools has been net investment, so there is no need to worry too much. Starting from August, the maturity time and operation time of MLF will change from misaligned to consistent, solving the problem of affecting market expectations for medium - term liquidity [3][14] 3. Government Bond Supply - It is expected that in August 2025, the government bond issuance will be 2.17 - 2.39 trillion yuan, and the net financing will be 1.17 - 1.39 trillion yuan, close to the 1.25 trillion yuan in July. From January to July 2025, a total of 9.02 trillion yuan of the annual quota has been used, accounting for 65% of the annual 13.86 trillion yuan, with the local bond issuance progress slightly faster than that of national bonds. There are new policy tools to be launched, and they are expected to be implemented in the third quarter [4][17][18] 4. Inter - bank Certificates of Deposit - Recently, the increase in market risk appetite has not only pressured the bond market but also disturbed the inter - bank capital market. The 1 - year CD interest rate started to rise slightly after reaching around 1.6% at the beginning of July. The maturity scale of CDs in August will rise slightly to 3.07 trillion yuan, increasing the pressure on renewal. Before the policy interest rate is further lowered, the 1 - year CD interest rate is likely to fluctuate between 1.6% - 1.7%, and there is a certain allocation value at 1.65% and above. Unless the central bank tightens liquidity investment, the probability of a significant price increase for issuance is not high, and the CD interest rate in August will mainly fluctuate seasonally [5][25]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Ratings - No specific industry investment ratings are provided in the report [2] Group 2: Core Views of the Report - The index has broken through the upper edge of the short - term shock range and the central position continues to move up during the new round of US trade policy negotiation window, but caution is needed when testing key positions. For the stock index, unilateral strategy suggests range operation and appropriate multi - allocation on dips [2] - The central bank's increase in open - market investment has improved the bond market sentiment, and the future situation of the tax - period capital and government bond supply needs to be observed. Curve strategy can appropriately bet on steepening [2] - There is more long - short game in the short - term gold market with support at the 60 - day moving average. Buying on dips is recommended for gold and silver, and there may be a phased pulse - type rise in silver [2] - The container shipping index is expected to oscillate strongly. For the EC2508 contract, unilateral operation is recommended to wait and see, and multi - material and short - raw material arbitrage can be considered [2] - Industrial material demand and inventory are deteriorating, and the decline in apparent demand should be noted. For steel, iron ore, coking coal, and coke, buying on dips is recommended [2] - For copper, attention should be paid to the Sino - US tariff negotiation rhythm. The aluminum market has a strong expectation of off - season inventory accumulation. For non - ferrous metals, different trading strategies are given according to different varieties [2] - The short - term oil price has rebounded due to geopolitical risks. For different energy and chemical products, various trading strategies such as waiting and seeing, range operation, and buying on dips are recommended according to their fundamentals [2] - For agricultural products, different trading strategies such as short - term long, short - term wait - and - see, and short - selling on rebounds are recommended according to different varieties [2] - For special commodities and new energy products, trading strategies such as waiting and seeing, buying on dips, and short - selling on rallies are recommended according to different varieties [2] Group 3: Summaries by Related Categories Financial Sector - **Stock Index**: The index has broken through the short - term shock range, but caution is needed at key positions. Unilateral strategy suggests range operation and appropriate multi - allocation on dips [2] - **Treasury Bond**: The central bank's open - market operation has improved sentiment, and future capital and supply situations need to be observed. Curve strategy can bet on steepening [2] - **Precious Metals**: Gold has support at the 60 - day moving average, and buying on dips is recommended. Silver may have a phased pulse - type rise [2] Shipping and Industrial Materials Sector - **Container Shipping Index**: Expected to oscillate strongly. Unilateral operation on the EC2508 contract should wait and see, and arbitrage opportunities can be considered [2] - **Steel**: Industrial material demand and inventory are poor. Attention should be paid to the decline in apparent demand, and buying on dips is recommended [2] - **Iron Ore, Coking Coal, Coke**: Black market sentiment has improved, and buying on dips is recommended [2] Non - Ferrous Metals Sector - **Copper**: Attention should be paid to the Sino - US tariff negotiation rhythm. The mid - term surplus pattern remains unchanged [2] - **Aluminum**: There is a strong expectation of off - season inventory accumulation, and different price ranges are given for different varieties [2] Energy and Chemical Sector - **Crude Oil**: The short - term oil price has rebounded due to geopolitical risks. Different trading strategies are given for different energy and chemical products according to their fundamentals [2] Agricultural Products Sector - Different trading strategies such as short - term long, short - term wait - and - see, and short - selling on rebounds are recommended for different agricultural products [2] Special Commodities and New Energy Sector - Different trading strategies such as waiting and seeing, buying on dips, and short - selling on rallies are recommended for special commodities and new energy products [2]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided regarding the report industry investment rating. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The issuance rhythm of government bonds in the first half of 2025 was significantly faster than in previous years, with the net financing progress reaching about 58.66% of the annual forecast. The supply pressure of treasury bonds is expected to ease in the second half of the year, while the supply of local bonds is likely to accelerate. The game between the increased supply after the early - trading and policy expectations is the key point in the bond market [8][2][3]. - The net financing peak of government bonds in the second half of the year is expected to be in July - August, and the supply peak may appear as early as late July. By the end of the third quarter, as the supply of government bonds weakens and the "14th Five - Year Plan" nears completion, there may be a new expectation of increased government bond issuance. The 9 - 11 months are the policy observation windows [3][37][40]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Treasury Bonds: The Issuance Rhythm is Generally Fast, and the Supply Pressure Tends to Ease in the Second Half of the Year 3.1.1 H1 Review: The Overall Net Financing Progress Exceeds Half, and the Issuance of Special Treasury Bonds is Significantly Ahead - In the first half of 2025, treasury bonds were issued in large quantities, with a cumulative issuance of 7.89 trillion yuan and a net financing of 3.38 trillion yuan. The net financing progress reached 51.45% of the annual forecast, significantly faster than the average level of the past five years [9]. - For ordinary treasury bonds, the issuance was 6.83 trillion yuan, and the net financing was 2.53 trillion yuan, an increase of 343.8 billion yuan year - on - year. The number of issuance periods decreased, and the single - period scale increased [12]. - For special treasury bonds, the issuance was 105.5 billion yuan, and the net financing was 85.5 billion yuan, an increase of 60.5 billion yuan year - on - year. The issuance was ahead of schedule, with 55.5 billion yuan of ultra - long - term special treasury bonds and 50 billion yuan of capital - injection special treasury bonds issued [14]. 3.1.2 H2 Outlook: The Issuance of Special Treasury Bonds is Advanced, and the Supply Pressure of Treasury Bonds is Weakened - It is estimated that about 7.78 trillion yuan of treasury bonds are to be issued in the second half of the year, with an expected net financing of 3.19 trillion yuan. The supply pressure is expected to ease. The issuance of ordinary treasury bonds is about 6.94 trillion yuan, with a relatively stable rhythm. The net financing peaks may occur in August and November [16]. - There are 745 billion yuan of special treasury bonds to be issued, and the single - period scale may increase. The issuance will focus on the peak - shifting effect to relieve the instantaneous issuance impact. The issuance peak of all treasury bonds may be concentrated from July to September, and the net financing peaks may occur in August, September, and November [18][20]. 3.2 Local Bonds: The Main Line of Debt Resolution Switches to Steady Growth, and the Supply is Expected to Accelerate in the Second Half of the Year 3.2.1 H1 Review: Debt Resolution was the Main Line in the First Half of the Year, and the Issuance of New Bonds Accelerated at the End of the Second Quarter - In the first half of 2025, local bonds were issued cumulatively at 5.49 trillion yuan, with a net financing of 4.41 trillion yuan, completing 65.81% of the annual progress. The issuance of new local bonds increased year - on - year, with 452 billion yuan of new general bonds and 2.16 trillion yuan of new special bonds issued [22][24]. - The issuance of local refinancing bonds was mainly for debt resolution, with a total issuance of 2.88 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.21 trillion yuan year - on - year. Among them, the special refinancing special bonds for repaying existing debts were issued at 1.8 trillion yuan [26]. 3.2.2 H2 Outlook: The Supply of Local Bonds is Expected to Accelerate, and the Peak May Come in Late July - As of July 6, the planned issuance of local bonds in the third quarter in 29 provincial - level administrative regions and planned -单列 cities is 2.61 trillion yuan. It is expected that the total supply scale of local bonds in the second half of the year will be about 4.2 trillion yuan, forming a net financing scale of 2.27 trillion yuan. The issuance may accelerate in late July [33][34]. 3.3 Bond Market: The Game between the Increased Supply after the Early - trading and Policy Expectations is the Key Point - The net financing peak of government bonds in the second half of the year is expected to be in July - August, and the supply peak may appear as early as late July. The supply pressure may ease in the fourth quarter, but attention should be paid to the impact of the maturity volume fluctuation of treasury bonds from November to December [37]. - By the end of the third quarter, as the supply of government bonds weakens and the "14th Five - Year Plan" nears completion, there may be a new expectation of increased government bond issuance. Historically, fiscal policies have been dynamically adjusted beyond the initial plan from September to November. The 9 - 11 months are the policy observation windows [40][41]. - The game between the supply pressure change of government bonds and policy expectations is one of the logical main lines of bond - market pricing. The early - trading in the bond market contradicts the actual supply pressure in July - August. There may be a new market expectation of policy efforts from the end of the third quarter to the fourth quarter [50].