关于"美债是否仍是最佳稳妥金融资产"的争论，国内网络空间呈现出鲜明的两极化态势。要厘清争议需跳出非黑即白的思维框架，可观察各国央行及机构的 实际资金流向，这些掌握更全面信息的决策者用真金白银投出的"信任票"，往往比民间讨论更具参考价值。 据官方数据披露，2024年6月至2025年6月期间，外国主体持有的美国国债总额从8.3万亿美元攀升至9.13万亿美元，净增加规模达8300亿美元。 这一数据直观反映出，尽管市场存在对美债风险的担忧，但全球多数经济体并未大规模减持，反而呈现出净增持态势。这种"用脚投票"的结果，从侧面印证 了美债在全球金融体系中仍占据核心地位。 不过，具体到不同国家或地区，对美债的态度存在显著分化。 中国在此期间减持了部分美债，2024年6月中国持有美债规模为7.8万亿美元，至2025年6月降至7.56万亿美元，减持规模达2400亿美元。这种调整既反映了对 资产配置多元化的战略考量，也与全球地缘政治格局变动密切相关。 在增持方面，全球前十大美债增持主体的数据颇具启示性。2024年6月至2025年6月，开曼群岛、比利时、英国分列增持榜前三位，增持规模均超1000亿美 元，其中开曼群岛以1160亿美 ...

Core Insights - The U.S. debt crisis is intensifying, with the national debt exceeding $37.4 trillion and interest payments projected to reach $900 billion in 2025, surpassing military spending [3][15][23] - Trump's recent tax policies, including a 10% tariff on Chinese goods, are seen as ineffective and potentially harmful, exacerbating the existing economic challenges [3][5][23] - The agricultural sector is facing significant challenges, with a reported 20% decline in exports and rising costs due to tariffs, leading to widespread discontent among farmers [8][9][15] Economic Indicators - The debt-to-GDP ratio has reached a historical high of 117%, indicating severe fiscal pressure [5] - Inflation is evident, with consumer prices rising, such as a nearly $1 increase in the price of milk [6][15] - The U.S. is experiencing a trade deficit that is worsening, contrary to expectations of improvement [15][23] Market Reactions - The stock market has reacted negatively to the economic situation, with significant drops in indices like the Dow Jones, which lost 1,000 points in a single day [11] - International capital is beginning to flow out of the U.S. market, raising concerns about the dollar's stability and its status as the world's primary reserve currency [11][17] Global Trade Dynamics - China's exports to the EU and ASEAN have increased by 8% and 10% respectively, indicating a shift in trade patterns and supply chain resilience [6][13] - The Chinese government is diversifying its foreign reserves, reducing its holdings of U.S. debt to $775 billion by 2025, while increasing gold reserves [13][19] Political and Economic Strategy - The U.S. government's approach to managing the debt crisis involves a mix of tax increases and tariffs, but these measures are criticized as short-term fixes that do not address underlying issues [15][23] - The ongoing U.S.-China trade tensions are characterized by retaliatory tariffs, particularly affecting U.S. agricultural products, which are facing an 84% tariff from China [9][19] Future Outlook - The situation is described as a "live broadcast" of a debt crisis with no clear resolution in sight, as both the U.S. and China navigate their respective economic challenges [21][25] - The potential for a shift in global economic leadership is being discussed, with China's stable approach contrasting with the U.S.'s more aggressive tactics [25]

新华财经北京9月19日电美国财政部18日公布2025年7月国际资本流动报告（TIC）显示，7月海外投资者继续增持美债，持仓规模环比增加319亿美 元，至9.16万亿美元，连续五个月超过9万亿美元。前十大"债主"中，日本和英国均连续增持美债，其中英国连续两个月增持超过400亿美元。加拿 大和中国大陆减持规模居前，分别为571亿美元和257亿美元。 排名变动较大的加拿大则从6月的第五位直降至第八位，原因在于加拿大7月大举减持571亿美元美债。最近几月，加拿大的美债持仓变化较为剧 烈，先在4月采取了激烈的抛售行动，卖出规模达578亿美元，随后又在5月激买617亿美元，6月再度净买入美债84亿美元，并将持仓升至4385亿美 元的历史高位。 回顾7月美债市场，对债务规模和关税影响的担忧，令美债收益率整体上行，10年期美债收益率环比上涨13BP，超长期限美债收益率月中再次站上 5%。美联储7月议息会议决定维持利率不变且表态偏鹰，导致后续降息预期不振，影响了对美债的需求。 7月4日，美国总统特朗普将"大而美"税收与支出法案正式签署成法。该法案包括的减税、削减医疗保险和营养补助项目支出、增加军事和边境安 全支出等内容预计将对 ...

Group 1: Market Data - The current prices of Shanghai Gold 2510 and 2512 are 825.86 and 828.08 respectively; the current prices of Shanghai Silver 2510 and 2512 are 9869.00 and 9902.00 respectively [2] - The price changes of Shanghai Gold 2510 and 2512 are 1.76 and 1.26 respectively, with price change rates of 0.21% and 0.15% respectively; the price changes of Shanghai Silver 2510 and 2512 are 61.00 and 67.00 respectively, with price change rates of 0.62% and 0.68% respectively [2] - The open interest of Shanghai Gold 2510 and 2512 are 87731 and 228640 respectively; the open interest of Shanghai Silver 2510 and 2512 are 144039 and 395854 respectively [2] - The trading volumes of Shanghai Gold 2510 and 2512 are 192704 and 221255 respectively; the trading volumes of Shanghai Silver 2510 and 2512 are 301538 and 646031 respectively [2] - The spot premiums and discounts of Shanghai Gold 2510 and 2512 are -1.33 and -3.55 respectively; the spot premiums and discounts of Shanghai Silver 2510 and 2512 are -58.00 and -91.00 respectively [2] - The price changes of Shanghai Gold T+D, London Gold, and London Gold (in USD/ounce) are -5.72, -2.62, and -15.12 respectively, with price change rates of -0.69%, -0.31%, and -0.41% respectively; the price change of Shanghai Silver T+D is -65.00, with a price change rate of -0.66%; the price change of London Silver (in USD/ounce) is 0.16, with a price change rate of 0.38% [2] - The current values of the differences between Shanghai Gold 2512 and 2510, and between Shanghai Silver 2512 and 2510 are 2.22 and 33 respectively; the current value of the gold/silver ratio (spot) is 84.04; the current values of the ratios of Shanghai Gold to London Gold and Shanghai Silver to London Silver are 7.04 and 7.30 respectively [2] - The current inventories of Shanghai Futures Exchange gold and silver are 56,430 kg and 1,203,523 kg respectively; the current inventories of COMEX gold and silver are 39,280,534 and 524,086,477 respectively [2] - The current values of the US Dollar Index, S&P Index, US Treasury yield, Brent crude oil, and USD/CNY are 97.3696, 6631.96, 4.11, 66.97, and 7.1087 respectively; their changes are 0.34%, 0.48%, 1.23%, 0.01%, and 0.09% respectively [2] - The current holdings of SPDR Gold ETF and SLV Silver ETF are 44315 tons each; the current net positions of CFTC speculators in silver and gold are 33486 and 32895 respectively [2] Group 2: Macroeconomic News - In July, non-US investors increased their holdings of US Treasuries, with the total holdings reaching a record high. Japan's holdings of US Treasuries increased by $3.8 billion to $1.1514 trillion; the UK's holdings increased by $41.3 billion to $899.3 billion, reaching a record high. Mainland China's holdings decreased by $25.7 billion to $730.7 billion; Canada's holdings decreased by $57.1 billion to $381.4 billion, the lowest since April [3] - The number of initial jobless claims in the US last week dropped to 231,000, the largest decline in nearly four years. The expected number was 240,000, and the previous value was revised from 263,000 to 264,000. Although the number of initial claims decreased, the number of continued claims remained above the key level of 1.9 million, indicating some pressure in the labor market [3] Group 3: Core Views and Strategies - After the Fed's interest rate decision, gold and silver prices declined. The number of initial jobless claims in the US last week dropped to 231,000, the largest decline in nearly four years. In September, the Fed cut interest rates by 25 basis points in a risk - management move, in line with market expectations. Only newly - appointed Fed Governor Milan supported a 50 - basis - point rate cut [4] - The dot - plot shows that the Fed's current neutral expectation is to cut interest rates by 25 - 50 basis points this year and to below 3.5% next year. Under Trump's continuous pressure, the Fed's stance on rate cuts remains cautious [4] - The US retail sales in August were strong, with a month - on - month increase of 0.6% (the forecast was 0.2%) and a year - on - year increase of 2.1%, achieving positive growth for the 11th consecutive month. The CPI in August increased by 2.9% year - on - year, and the core inflation remained at 3.1% year - on - year [4] - Multiple data this month show a weak employment market in the US economy, especially the non - farm payrolls of 22,000, far lower than the market expectation of 75,000. Trade negotiations have shown multiple developments, but the overall trade environment has deteriorated. The market is still observing the continuation of the impact of tariff inflation [4] - The US fiscal deficit and debt continue to expand, and central banks represented by China continue to increase their gold holdings. The long - term drivers for gold are still clear. Due to the lack of expectations for recession - style rate cuts, attention should be paid to the adjustment of profit - taking after the short - term expectations are fulfilled [4]

Report Industry Investment Rating The document does not provide a clear industry investment rating. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The US Treasury bonds still face many challenges. Although the 10-year yield of US Treasury bonds once touched the 4% mark, due to the fragile fiscal balance, judicial challenges to tariffs, and the inertia of inflation in the US, the Fed should be cautious when loosening monetary policy to avoid the risk of re - inflation [4][13]. - The growth of domestic household loans continues to slow down. In August, the year - on - year growth rate of household RMB loans and household RMB medium - and long - term loans decreased, while the government bond stock maintained a relatively high growth rate. The impact of this part of social financing on medium - and long - term bond interest rates may not be significant [4][17]. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs High - Frequency Data Panoramic Scan - **US Treasury Bond Situation**: In August, the US PPI was lower than expected, and the non - farm payroll employment data was significantly revised down. The 10 - year yield of US Treasury bonds once touched 4%. However, considering the fragile fiscal balance (the average fiscal deficit ratio of the US government in the past 4 quarters as of the second quarter of this year was about 6.3%, still higher than the pre - pandemic level), judicial challenges to tariffs, and the inertia of inflation (the commodity inflation in the US showed a rebound momentum in August, and the downward trend of service inflation stagnated), caution should be exercised when the 10 - year yield of US Treasury bonds reaches or is lower than 4% [4][13]. - **Domestic Household Loan Situation**: In August, the year - on - year growth rate of domestic household RMB loans was about 2.4%, and that of household RMB medium - and long - term loans was about 3.3%, both lower than the previous month. The government bond stock increased by 21.1% year - on - year [4][17]. - **High - Frequency Data Changes**: This week (the week of September 12, 2025), the average wholesale price of pork increased by 0.14% week - on - week and decreased by 26.31% year - on - year; the Shandong vegetable wholesale price index decreased by 0.14% week - on - week and 21.17% year - on - year; the edible agricultural product price index increased by 0.80% week - on - week and decreased by 12.29% year - on - year. The Brent and WTI crude oil futures prices decreased by 1.22% and 1.87% week - on - week respectively; the LME copper spot price increased by 0.54% week - on - week, and the LME aluminum spot price increased by 1.18% week - on - week. The domestic cement price index decreased by 0.53% week - on - week, the Nanhua iron ore index increased by 2.61% week - on - week, the operating rate of coking enterprises with a capacity of over 2 million tons increased by 3.57% week - on - week, the rebar inventory increased by 3.90% week - on - week, and the rebar price index decreased by 0.11% week - on - week. From September 1 - 10, 2025, the average daily trading area of commercial housing in 30 large and medium - sized cities was about 196,000 square meters, lower than the 229,000 square meters in September 2024 [4]. High - Frequency Data and Important Macroeconomic Indicators Trend Comparison The document mainly presents various charts showing the relationship between high - frequency data and important macroeconomic indicators such as industrial added value, PPI, CPI, etc., but does not provide a detailed text summary or conclusion [22]. Important High - Frequency Indicators in the US and Europe The document shows charts related to US weekly economic indicators, initial jobless claims, same - store sales growth, PCE, and the Fed's and ECB's implied interest rate adjustment prospects, but there is no specific text analysis [91]. Seasonal Trends of High - Frequency Data The document presents the seasonal trends of various high - frequency data through charts, including the production of crude steel, production material price index, etc., but there is no detailed text description [106]. High - Frequency Traffic Data in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen The document shows charts of the year - on - year changes in subway passenger volume in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, but there is no corresponding text analysis [163].

9月9日，"第二十五届投洽会·凤凰网梧桐夜话"交流晚宴在厦门举行。政商学界领袖齐聚一堂，围绕"浪潮之巅 投资未来"主题展开高端对话，前瞻全球格局 下的投资机遇与产业趋势。 美元稳定币通过绑定美债缓解压力，却藏"瞬间崩塌"隐患 今年6月，美国《稳定币法案》正式落地，其中核心要求引发市场广泛关注——全球范围内发行的美元稳定币，需1:1绑定美元或久期不超过93天的短久期美 债。在叶开看来，这一规则的本质是让全球美元稳定币的使用者"间接接盘美债"。 "美国长期依赖'印美元-购全球商品-发美债回收美元'的循环，当前美债压 力已十分突出。若全球个人与机构使用USDC、USDT等美元稳定币，其背后的储备资产实则是美债，相当于将美债持有主体从少数国家央行，分散到了全 球数十亿用户手中。" 华夏数字资本创始人叶开出席活动，针对稳定币的核心定义、关键特性以及未来发展方向等向凤凰网财经进行了解答。 叶开指出，这种分散化虽短期大幅缓解了美国的美债发行压力，但却埋下了更难控制的风险。 他进一步分析，过往美债主要由各国央行持有，美国可通过 外交沟通、政策协调等方式避免集中抛售。但当持有者变成全球化的普通用户与机构时，一旦出现突发事件，资 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential influence of former President Trump on the Federal Reserve's leadership and monetary policy, highlighting concerns about the independence of the Fed and the implications for the U.S. dollar's credibility in global markets [3][14]. Group 1: Federal Reserve Leadership - Trump has proposed three candidates—Hassett, Waller, and Walsh—to replace Powell, indicating a desire for immediate changes despite Powell's remaining term of over eight months [3]. - Hassett is seen as a loyalist to Trump, raising concerns about the potential loss of the Fed's independence and the impact on the dollar's credibility, which currently holds a 58% share of global foreign exchange reserves [5]. - Waller, a current Fed governor, has expressed a desire for rate cuts, but his academic background suggests a more consistent approach to monetary policy, making him a more reliable choice than Hassett [5][7]. Group 2: Market Reactions and Economic Implications - The market has reacted swiftly, with a 99.4% probability of a rate cut in September, raising questions about the extent of the cut [9]. - The potential for a 25 or 50 basis point cut is debated, with Hassett likely favoring a larger cut, while Waller may prefer a more cautious approach [10]. - Despite the pressure to cut rates to alleviate debt burdens, inflation remains a concern, with the July CPI showing a year-on-year increase of 2.9%, still above the 2% target [10][12]. Group 3: Broader Economic Context - The article suggests that hasty rate cuts could lead to rising prices for essentials like oil and food, increasing financial pressure on consumers [12]. - The reluctance of Treasury Secretary Basent to take on the role of Fed Chair indicates the precarious nature of the position amid political pressures [12]. - The overarching concern is whether the Fed will become a tool of the White House, potentially undermining the dollar's global pricing power and leading to a rapid outflow of capital from U.S. Treasuries [14].

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Industry Overview - The discussion primarily revolves around the U.S. Treasury bond market and its implications for the domestic economy, particularly in relation to the Chinese market and currency dynamics. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Impact of U.S. Treasury Rates on Currency**: Fluctuations in U.S. Treasury rates directly affect the USD/CNY exchange rate, which in turn constrains domestic monetary policy and expectations for easing [1][3][4] 2. **Shift in Investment Preferences**: There has been a notable shift of resident deposits towards wealth management products, dollar deposits, and U.S. Treasuries, leading to an expanded foreign exchange deficit and negatively impacting domestic risk assets [1][3] 3. **Attraction of A-Shares**: Since 2025, the actual yield on U.S. Treasuries has decreased due to expectations of rate cuts, making A-share dividends, which may approach 5%, more attractive compared to U.S. Treasuries yielding only 1% to 2% [1][3] 4. **Factors Influencing Treasury Rate Pricing**: U.S. Treasury rates are influenced by economic data, policy changes, and market sentiment, with significant volatility observed in 2025 due to various economic indicators and policy announcements [1][4][5] 5. **Global Economic Instability**: The current global economic environment is unstable, with significant fluctuations in U.S. Treasury and dollar markets, influenced by political events in France and Japan, as well as a reversal in global equity markets [1][6] 6. **Short-term Treasury Maturities**: In Q2 2025, $6 trillion in U.S. Treasuries are set to mature, primarily short-term bonds, which are not expected to significantly impact Treasury rates or dollar credit due to stable long-term issuance patterns [1][7] 7. **Foreign Investment Trends**: Despite concerns about foreign selling of U.S. Treasuries, data indicates that while some countries like China have sold off, major holders like Japan and the UK have increased their holdings, leading to an overall increase in non-U.S. government Treasury reserves [1][8] 8. **Fiscal Sustainability Concerns**: Long-term risks regarding U.S. fiscal sustainability are highlighted, with the potential for high borrowing to continue unless effective fiscal reforms are implemented [2][9][12] 9. **Government Spending Structure**: The U.S. government’s spending structure is deemed unhealthy, with a heavy reliance on necessary expenditures and insufficient contributions from corporate taxes, necessitating a resolution of supply-demand imbalances for sustainable development [12][14] 10. **Future Economic Outlook**: The impact of new fiscal legislation on the U.S. economy is significant, with a focus on whether the government can achieve effective fiscal consolidation or will continue to rely on high levels of borrowing [15] Other Important but Overlooked Content - The relationship between the Federal Reserve's monetary policy and Treasury rates is crucial, as short-term rates are directly influenced by Fed decisions, while long-term rates reflect market expectations of the U.S. economy [11] - The Treasury's cash management strategies, including the current balance of the Treasury General Account (TGA), are expected to have limited impact on market liquidity and Treasury rates in the near term [10]

Core Insights - The VIX volatility index experienced a daily increase of 20.0%, reaching 19.35 [1] - The S&P 500 index declined by over 1.5%, while the Dow Jones fell by 1.2% and the Nasdaq dropped by 1.8% [1] - Spot gold prices rose by more than 1.3%, hitting a historical high above $3520 [1] - The US dollar appreciated against the Japanese yen by over 0.7% and against the Swiss franc by 0.4% [1] - The yield on the US 10-year Treasury bond increased by over 4.6 basis points, although it significantly deviated from the daily high of 4.3043% recorded at 20:33 Beijing time [1]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint indicates that signals for a rate cut in September have been established, but there remains a possibility for future adjustments depending on economic conditions [1] - The article raises questions about the driving forces behind a potential Federal Reserve rate cut and the implications if no cut occurs, highlighting the uncertainty in the market [1] - It emphasizes the importance of monitoring three key variables that could influence the direction of U.S. stocks and bonds [1]