Summary of Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the economic outlook for the first quarter of 2025, focusing on GDP growth, consumption, infrastructure investment, and the real estate market [2][3]. Key Points and Arguments 1. **Economic Growth Forecast**: The GDP growth rate for Q1 2025 is expected to exceed 5%, supported by strong performance in consumption, infrastructure, and real estate investments, despite weak net exports [2][3]. 2. **Consumption Trends**: Consumption growth for January and February was 4.0%, lower than the expected 4.5%, but higher than the previous year's 3.5% and Q4's 3.8%. The "trade-in" policy implemented on January 20 is anticipated to boost consumption growth to around 4.5% [2][3]. 3. **Infrastructure Investment**: Both broad and narrow definitions of infrastructure investment are expected to exceed last year's levels, with significant increases in water conservancy and municipal projects due to enhanced spending willingness from local governments [3]. 4. **Real Estate Market**: Although the real estate market shows signs of marginal weakness, it has improved compared to the previous year. A potential easing of regulations, such as lowering loan rates, could stabilize its impact on the macro economy [3]. 5. **Monetary Policy**: The current monetary policy is in a moderately tight balance aimed at preventing financial risks, with no significant adjustments expected in the short term. The central bank emphasizes that monetary policy should be viewed as a state rather than a single action [4][5]. 6. **Fiscal Policy**: An estimated 3 trillion yuan in new funds is expected this year, including special government bonds and increased deficit rates. There is a need to expand the range of subsidies to stimulate consumption [5]. 7. **Stock Market Dynamics**: The recent shift in stock market style is attributed to the continuous rise in risk-free interest rates, leading to a rotation from consumer sectors to high-dividend and stable financial sectors [6][10]. 8. **Impact of Overseas Markets**: Adjustments in overseas markets have influenced the risk appetite for Hong Kong and A-shares, with trading volumes indicating a need for stronger upward momentum in the short term [9][10]. 9. **Structural Rotation in Markets**: The market is experiencing structural rotation, with funds moving towards sectors that have not seen significant increases, such as high-dividend stocks, coal, and banking [10][11]. 10. **Future Market Drivers**: For the market to rise further, it requires support from other sectors, including real estate and consumer-related stocks, to create a broader upward trend [12]. Additional Important Insights - **Short-term Interest Rates**: The rise in short-term interest rates may be nearing its end, with the monetary policy currently in a phase of total easing observation [13]. - **Banking Sector Support**: The central bank's recent operations aim to lower costs for banks, indicating a continued focus on supporting the banking sector despite expectations of gradual easing [15]. - **Market Expectations**: The current yield curve is flat, with expectations of potential steepening, but the exact form of this change remains uncertain [19]. This summary encapsulates the key insights from the conference call, highlighting the economic outlook, market dynamics, and policy implications for the upcoming period.

证券研究报告 目 录 CATALOGUE 生产投资向好，地产成交回暖 地产 消费 价格 生产&基建 出行 04 05 01 02 03 00 政策 中观数据周报 投资要点 KEY POINTS 1 • 国内政策：专项债收储工作规范明确；发展消费金融提振消费。中央层面，国务院常务会议讨论通过《国务院2025年重点工作分工方 案》，李强总理在国务院第八次全体会议上强调更加注重加大政策力度和激发市场力量良性互动、协同发力。实施好更加积极有为的宏 观政策。产业层面，《促进环保装备制造业高质量发展若干意见》印发。金融财税层面，自然资源部就做好运用地方政府专项债券支持 土地储备有关工作出台通知，在发债要求、申报审核等方面做出明确要求。国家金融监督管理总局要求金融机构大力发展消费金融，助 力提振消费。 • 生产&基建：高频指标呈现向好态势。本周高炉、螺纹钢、涤纶长丝开工率持续提高，PTA、沥青开工率反弹，动力煤日耗相对稳定，但 建筑资金到位率仍处于低位。总体上看生产、基建相关高频指标有向好趋势。 • 地产：新房、二手房成交回暖。本周30城新房成交面积季节性回升，一线城市回升明显。9城二手房成交面积短暂回落后转向上行，体现 ...

如何看待 1-2 月经济数据？ 事件：2025 年 1-2 月工业增加值同比 5.9%（前值 6.2%），社零同比 4.0%（前值 3.7%）；1-2 月固投同比 4.1%（前值 3.2%），地产投资同 比-9.8%（前值-10.6%），广义基建投资同比 10.0%（前值 9.2%），制 造业投资同比 9.0%（前值 9.2%）。 核心观点：1-2 月经济开局平稳、有强有弱、分化明显，最大亮点可谓 地产销售跌幅明显收窄、属于"小阳春"。往后看，经济走势的不确定 性较大，一是地产销售的持续性有待进一步观察；二是两会政策将逐 步落地，有望对经济基本面构成有利支撑；三是特朗普关税的扰动大， 对我国出口的冲击可能进一步显现。 宏观点评 证券研究报告 | 宏观研究 gszqdatemark 2025 03 17 年 月 日 1、整体看，1-2 月经济基本平稳、有强有弱、分化明显，结构上延续 "供给偏强、需求偏弱"，其中：偏强的是，1-2 月工业生产、基建投 资、制造业投资增速维持高位，消费、地产投资环比改善，地产销售跌 幅明显收窄则可谓最大的亮点；偏弱的是，1-2 月 CPI、PPI 整体延续 低位，进口增速大幅走低， ...

Economic Overview - In January-February 2025, both industrial and service sector production achieved rapid growth, but domestic demand remains weak and external demand has declined, indicating a need for further optimization of the supply-demand structure [1][2] - The industrial added value growth rate for January-February was 5.9%, significantly exceeding the market expectation of 5.1%, driven mainly by the transportation equipment, metal products, and equipment manufacturing sectors [3][4] - Investment growth in January-February significantly surpassed market expectations, primarily due to strong infrastructure investment performance, while manufacturing investment showed resilience and real estate investment's decline narrowed [14][25] Production Insights - The industrial added value growth was supported by "promoting consumption" and "grabbing exports," with manufacturing sector performance particularly strong in January-February [3][4] - The service sector also maintained a high growth rate, with modern service industries showing particularly good performance [3][4] - However, high-frequency data and tariff impacts suggest that both industrial and service sectors may face weakening pressures in the future [3][4] Investment Analysis - Total investment, infrastructure investment, manufacturing investment, and real estate development investment in January-February were 4.1%, 9.9%, 9.0%, and -9.8% respectively, showing significant improvements compared to the same period last year [14][25] - The strong performance of narrow infrastructure investment was attributed to the proactive commencement of major projects post-Spring Festival and good progress in the issuance of special bond funds [14][25] - Manufacturing investment is expected to improve in the second quarter of 2025, driven by the continuation of equipment renewal policies and marginal improvements in PPI [14][25] Consumption Trends - In January-February, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 837.31 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth rate of 4.0%, slightly below the market expectation of 4.5% [25] - The growth rate of commodity retail was recorded at 3.9%, while catering revenue growth increased to 4.3%, reflecting improved consumption during the Spring Festival [25] - Future consumption support is anticipated from the recovery of housing prices and stock markets, increased social security income, and the continuation of "old-for-new" policies [25]

Investment Rating - The report indicates a stable outlook for the economy, with a focus on policy support and external demand as key drivers for growth [2][3]. Core Insights - The overall economic recovery is still reliant on policy measures and external demand, with internal dynamics such as consumer spending and private investment needing improvement [3][4]. - The production sector shows steady performance, with industrial value-added growth at 5.9% year-on-year for January-February 2025, slightly lower than December 2024's 6.2% [8][10]. - Consumer spending is recovering, with retail sales growth of 4.0% year-on-year in January-February 2025, up from 3.7% in December 2024 [17][21]. - Investment is showing marginal improvement, with fixed asset investment growth at 4.1% year-on-year for January-February 2025, compared to 3.2% for the entire previous year [24][25]. Summary by Sections 1. Production: Steady Performance - Industrial value-added growth for January-February 2025 is 5.9%, with a month-on-month increase of 0.51% in February [8][10]. - Export-oriented sectors like transportation equipment and automotive show the highest growth rates, while real estate-related sectors remain subdued due to slow downstream demand [10][12]. 2. Consumption: Bright Performance in Services - Social retail sales grew by 4.0% year-on-year in January-February 2025, higher than December 2024's 3.7% [17][21]. - Service retail sales increased by 4.9%, although this is a decline from December's 6.2% [17][21]. - Online consumption shows a significant recovery, with a year-on-year growth of 5.7% in January-February 2025, compared to 1.5% in December 2024 [21][22]. 3. Investment: Marginal Improvement - Fixed asset investment growth is at 4.1% year-on-year for January-February 2025, an increase from 3.2% in the previous year [24][25]. - Real estate investment shows a year-on-year decline of 9.8%, while manufacturing and broad infrastructure investments grow at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively [25][26]. - The improvement in broad infrastructure investment is primarily driven by high growth in electricity and heat supply investments, which increased by 25.4% [26][27].

Economic Indicators - The weekly ECI supply index is at 50.39%, unchanged from last week, while the demand index is at 49.95%, also unchanged[1] - The monthly ECI supply index has increased by 0.11 percentage points from February, while the demand index has increased by 0.06 percentage points[5] - The overall economic growth for Q1 2025 is expected to exceed 5%[5] Investment and Financing - The ELI index is at -1.36%, down 0.20 percentage points from last week, indicating a slight decline in liquidity[8] - New loans in January-February totaled 6.14 trillion RMB, a year-on-year decrease of 230 billion RMB, but the net increase in loans to the real economy was 5.87 trillion RMB, up 548 billion RMB year-on-year[11] - The average interest rate for new corporate loans is approximately 3.3%, down about 40 basis points year-on-year, while the rate for personal housing loans is about 3.1%, down about 70 basis points[11] Consumption and Exports - Retail sales of passenger cars in March are expected to show significant recovery, with a year-on-year increase of 14% and a month-on-month increase of 52%[19] - The global manufacturing PMI index rose to 50.6 in February, indicating a recovery in external demand, while South Korea's export growth increased from 0.5% in February to 2.9% in March[5] - China's export growth in March is anticipated to recover significantly due to a low base from the previous year[5] Risks and Policy Outlook - There is a risk of a "rush to export" in the short term, and the effectiveness of policy measures may fall short of market expectations[50] - The sustainability of improvements in the real estate market remains to be observed[50]

Summary of Key Points Core Viewpoint - The report highlights the current trends in various sectors, including liquidity, infrastructure, real estate, industrial products, and export chains, providing insights into price movements, production rates, and market conditions. Group 1: Liquidity - The London gold spot price increased by 1.83% week-on-week [2] - The BCI small enterprise financing environment index for February 2025 is at 46.65, down 0.86% from the previous month [2] - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference was -6.6 percentage points in January 2025, a decrease of 0.5 percentage points from the previous month [2] Group 2: Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - In late February, key enterprises' average daily crude steel production reached a new high of 2.259 million tons [3] - Weekly price changes include rebar up by 0.30% and cement price index up by 2.06%, while iron ore decreased by 3.73% [3] - National capacity utilization rates for blast furnaces, cement, asphalt, and all-steel tires increased by 0.96 percentage points, 1.00 percentage points, 0.80 percentage points, and 0.21 percentage points respectively [3] Group 3: Real Estate Completion Chain - The prices of titanium dioxide and flat glass changed by 0.34% and -1.57% respectively, with flat glass profit at -17 yuan/ton and titanium dioxide profit at -1323 yuan/ton [4] - The flat glass operating rate remained stable at 76.38% [4] Group 4: Industrial Products Chain - Major commodity price changes include cold-rolled steel down by 0.12%, copper up by 2.57%, and aluminum up by 1.21% [5] - The national semi-steel tire operating rate is at 82.78%, an increase of 0.27 percentage points [5] - The PMI new orders index for February is at 51.10%, up by 1.9 percentage points [5] Group 5: Subcategories - Iron ore spot price decreased by 3.73%, while prebaked anode prices reached a nearly 10-month high [6] - The price of graphite electrodes is 18,000 yuan/ton, unchanged, with a comprehensive profit of 441.35 yuan/ton, down by 40.71% [6] - The price of electrolytic aluminum is 20,870 yuan/ton, up by 1.21%, with estimated profit at 2,748 yuan/ton (excluding tax), down by 15.43% [6] Group 6: Price Comparison Relationships - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore is 4.20 this week [7] - The price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel is 120 yuan/ton [7] - The price difference between Shanghai cold-rolled and hot-rolled steel is 640 yuan/ton, an increase of 20 yuan/ton [7] Group 7: Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in February 2025 is at 48.60%, an increase of 2.2 percentage points [9] - The CCFI comprehensive index for container shipping rates is 1211.15 points, down by 3.16% [9] - The U.S. crude steel capacity utilization rate is at 73.70%, down by 0.80 percentage points [9] Group 8: Valuation Percentiles - The CSI 300 index increased by 1.39%, with the industrial metals sector performing best at +8.43% [10] - The PB ratio of the ordinary steel sector relative to the CSI 300 is currently at 0.54, with a historical high of 0.82 reached in August 2017 [10]

Investment Rating - Industry rating is "Outperform" (maintained rating) [5] Core Viewpoints - Increased focus on cyclical infrastructure and international engineering sectors, with significant improvement in funding sources such as special bonds. The physical volume of infrastructure is expected to accelerate, particularly after the Two Sessions, which may catalyze market performance in these sectors [1][14] - The construction industry is showing signs of recovery, with a construction PMI of 52.7%, indicating expansion. The physical workload in infrastructure is improving, supported by favorable weather and project commencement post-Spring Festival [14][20] - The report suggests a focus on three main investment themes: 1) Infrastructure + debt reduction + value enhancement; 2) Potential high elasticity in cyclical engineering; 3) Thematic investment opportunities in low-altitude economy, Belt and Road Initiative, and construction transformation [20][24] Summary by Sections Section 1: Current Market Conditions - As of February 27, 2025, the funding availability rate for 13,532 construction sites is 49.1%, showing a year-on-year increase. The construction activity index has risen, indicating a recovery in the construction sector [2][13] - The issuance of new special bonds has accelerated, with a total of 589.11 billion yuan issued, a year-on-year increase of over 180 billion yuan. Infrastructure remains the primary focus, accounting for over 50% of the funding allocation [2][14] Section 2: Market Performance - The construction index rose by 1.25% during the week of February 24-28, while the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index fell by 1.89%. Notable stock performances included HanJia Design (+32.74%) and Chengbang Co. (+22.71%) [3][17] Section 3: Investment Recommendations - The report emphasizes the importance of infrastructure investment driven by real demand in water conservancy, railways, and urban infrastructure, with expected growth rates of 7.0% and 2.0% for broad and narrow definitions of infrastructure, respectively [20][24] - Recommendations include focusing on companies benefiting from debt reduction policies and those with high exposure to cyclical engineering opportunities, such as Sichuan Road and Bridge, and China Communications Construction [20][24]

Investment Rating - Industry rating is "Outperform the Market" (maintained rating) [5] Core Viewpoints - Increased focus on cyclical infrastructure and international engineering sectors, with significant improvement in funding sources such as special bonds. The physical volume of infrastructure is expected to accelerate, particularly post the Two Sessions, which may drive market performance in these sectors [1][14] - The construction industry is showing signs of recovery, with a construction PMI of 52.7%, indicating expansion. The physical workload in infrastructure is improving, supported by favorable weather and project commencement [14][20] - The report suggests focusing on central state-owned enterprises in infrastructure and cyclical engineering products, as well as international engineering opportunities due to geopolitical developments [1][14] Summary by Sections Section 1: Current Market Conditions - As of February 27, 2025, the funding availability rate for 13,532 construction sites is 49.1%, showing a year-on-year increase. The construction PMI has risen by 3.4 percentage points from the previous month [2][14] - The issuance of new special bonds has reached 589.11 billion yuan, an increase of over 180 billion yuan compared to the same period last year, with infrastructure being the primary focus [2][13] Section 2: Market Performance - The construction index rose by 1.25% during the week of February 24-28, while the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index fell by 1.89%. Notable stock performances included HanJia Design (+32.74%) and Chengbang Co. (+22.71%) [3][17] Section 3: Investment Recommendations - Three main investment themes are highlighted: 1. Focus on infrastructure, debt reduction, and value enhancement opportunities [20] 2. Attention to cyclical engineering sectors with potential high elasticity [21] 3. Investment opportunities in low-altitude economy, Belt and Road Initiative, and construction transformation [24][25]