Group 1 - The core viewpoint indicates that the new RMB loans and social financing in August exceeded market expectations, suggesting a neutral to tight liquidity state [1][2] - The economic data for August shows a recovery in consumption, investment, and exports, with retail sales increasing by 0.5% year-on-year, marking the first positive growth this year [1] - The monetary multiplier reached a historical high of 7.17 in August, reflecting strong credit expansion, while the excess reserve ratio continued to decline, leading to tighter interbank liquidity [2] Group 2 - The central bank's operations included a total of 620 billion yuan in reverse repos maturing this week, with a net injection of 90 billion yuan over the first four days [2] - Despite the central bank's excess MLF operations, the issuance rates for interbank certificates of deposit remained firm, indicating ongoing pressure on banks' medium to long-term liabilities [3] - The VIX index has decreased from a high of 38.28 to around 25, reflecting a decline in market risk appetite due to simultaneous declines in US crude oil and stock markets [3] Group 3 - FTSE Russell announced it will conduct a final assessment regarding the inclusion of RMB bonds in its indices, with a high likelihood of Chinese government bonds being included, which could attract significant allocation funds to the bond market [4] - The interbank lending center extended trading hours for overseas institutions investing in the Chinese bond market, demonstrating a positive regulatory attitude towards foreign capital [4]

民生固收报告称， 央行呵护资金面的态度没发生转变 ，综合看 8 月资金面不具备收紧的基础。预计 8 月政府债净融资 1.17-1.39 万亿元，与 7 月接近。 央行近期 部署下半年重点工作提到， " 落实落细适度宽松的货币政策，加力支持科技创新、提振消费、小微企业、稳定外贸等 " 的表述，与 7 月 30 日召 开的中央政治局会议定调保持一致。 央行网站 8 月 7 日显示，为保持银行体系流动性充裕， 8 月 8 日， 中国人民银行将以固定数量、利率招标、多重价位中标方式开展 7000 亿元买断式逆回 购操作，期限为 3 个月（ 91 天）。 Wind 数据显示，本周央行公开市场将有 16632 亿元逆回购到期，其中周一至周五分别到期 4958 亿元、 4492 亿元、 3090 亿元、 2832 亿元、 1260 亿元。 中信证券近期报告称，经测算，完全排除 MLF 以及逆回购到期的因素， 8 月流动性缺口的绝对规模压力不大。 财政和货币政策对流动性格局的风险可 控，更多需要关注机构行为对资金面的扰动 。预计流动性不会进一步大幅收紧，但在一些跨月或税期走款等特殊时点， 仍建议谨慎布局，不要过度博 弈。 长 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles indicates a downward trend in the yields of major term government bonds, with the 10-year government bond yield returning to 1.69% and a generally loose funding environment as the overnight rate is below 1.3% [1][5] - The closing prices of government bond futures mostly increased, with the 30-year main contract rising by 0.03% to 119.380 yuan, the 10-year main contract up by 0.05% to 108.615 yuan, and the 5-year main contract also up by 0.05% to 105.830 yuan [1][3] - The interbank major interest rate bond yields decreased across the board, with the 10-year government bond active coupon yield down by 0.7 basis points to 1.69% and the 30-year government bond yield down by 0.45 basis points to 1.914% [1][2] Group 2 - The auction results for government bonds showed a weighted interest rate of 1.585% for a 3-year bond and 1.715% for a 7-year bond, with full bid-to-cover ratios of 3.27 and 5.36 respectively [3] - The trading market for non-financial credit bonds saw significant movements, with the top five gainers including bonds from companies like 德达 and 文蓝, while the top five losers included bonds from 万科 and 梁山 [4] - The central bank conducted a reverse repurchase operation of 160.7 billion yuan at a rate of 1.40%, with a net withdrawal of 122.5 billion yuan for the day [5][6]

Core Viewpoint - The report from Shenwan Hongyuan indicates that the 10-year government bond yield in China is expected to fluctuate between 1.65% and 1.80% from August to October, with stringent conditions required for a downward breakthrough [1] Group 1: Market Conditions - The bond market is anticipated to experience volatility during August to October, with mid to short-term bonds expected to perform steadily, leading to a steeper yield curve compared to the current state [1] - In August, the pressure on the bond market may not be significant due to a peak in government bond supply, and monetary policy will need to support liquidity alongside fiscal needs [1] Group 2: Central Bank Actions - If the bond market experiences intensified adjustments, the central bank may consider restarting open market operations for government bonds [1] - The focus on preventing capital turnover and managing risks suggests that liquidity is more likely to remain loose rather than further easing [1] Group 3: Future Risks and Economic Indicators - The transition between the third and fourth quarters is identified as a potential risk window, as government bond supply is expected to decrease, leading to a lower probability of liquidity hedging [1] - There may be a risk of rising consumer price index and producer price index as the economy enters a verification period for anti-involution effects [1] Group 4: Investment Opportunities - The second half of the year may present lower odds for the bond market and higher odds for the stock market, driven by the migration of household deposits and insurance funds into equities [1] - The stock market is showing signs of bottoming out, with a gradual emergence of wealth effects, while the bond market's pricing is becoming less sensitive to fundamentals and liquidity, making it more reactive to changes in price expectations [1]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In July 2025, the capital market experienced increased volatility but maintained a stable central level. The central bank actively adjusted its open - market operations to maintain market stability. The implementation effect of monetary policy will continue to emerge, and the central bank may maintain a coordinated policy stance during the peak issuance of government bonds. - In August, the overall capital gap pressure is expected to be seasonally large, around 1.8 trillion yuan. However, the capital central level is likely to remain around 1.5%, with a limited risk of significant tightening. The central bank may maintain a coordinated policy stance and there is a relatively higher probability of restarting bond - buying from August to September [4][5][69]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 7 - Month Capital and Liquidity Review 3.1.1 Capital Review - In July 2025, the overnight capital fluctuation range increased compared to the end of the previous quarter. The overnight capital fluctuated between 1.3 - 1.4% at the beginning of the month and rose to around 1.5% in the middle. The 7D capital price was basically around 1.5% from the beginning to the middle of the month and rose to around 1.6% at the end. The spread between 7D and overnight capital inverted for one day at the end of the month [10]. - The capital operation was affected by fiscal expenditures, reverse - repurchase operations, and MLF. The capital center decreased overall, with DR001 centered around 1.4% and DR007 fluctuating around 1.5% [11]. - The capital stratification pressure increased briefly in July, with spreads at a seasonal low. The capital volatility of overnight increased, and the 7D capital volatility changed seasonally. The average daily trading volume of inter - bank pledged repurchase decreased slightly compared to June [16][22][23]. 3.1.2 Liquidity Review - In terms of liquidity volume, the base currency in July may have decreased by 6019 billion yuan. The end - of - month excess reserves may have decreased by 5161 billion yuan, with an excess reserve ratio of about 1.55%. The narrow - sense excess reserve level after deducting reverse - repurchase is about 0.7%, still at a low level [31]. - In open - market operations, the central bank actively increased reverse - repurchase investments in July, with a net investment of 1880 billion yuan. MLF invested 4000 billion yuan and matured 3000 billion yuan. The net investment of outright reverse - repurchase was 2000 billion yuan, and a 1000 - billion - yuan treasury deposit operation was carried out [33][37][40]. 3.2 7 - Month Monetary Policy Tracking - In the middle of July, the central bank leader stated that the effect of the implemented monetary policy would continue to emerge, and it was reasonable for small and medium - sized banks to increase bond holdings. The regulatory attitude was more moderate than expected. - In the middle and late July, the central bank solicited opinions on "canceling the freezing of collateral for bond repurchase", which may improve collateral utilization efficiency in the long run. - At the end of July, the Political Bureau meeting emphasized implementing a more proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy, and fully releasing policy effects. The probability of a short - term interest rate cut is low, and the central bank may maintain a coordinated policy stance during the peak issuance of government bonds [3][48][52]. 3.3 8 - Month Gap Prediction 3.3.1 Rigid Gap - In August, the growth of general deposits may freeze about 902 billion yuan in reserves. The MLF maturity is 3000 billion yuan, and the outright reverse - repurchase maturity is 0.9 trillion yuan (4000 billion yuan for 3M and 5000 billion yuan for 6M) [4][57]. 3.3.2 Exogenous Shocks - Cash withdrawals and non - financial institution deposits may slightly freeze excess reserves. Cash withdrawals may consume about 577 billion yuan in excess reserves, and non - financial institution deposits may consume about 723 billion yuan [61]. 3.3.3 Fiscal Factors - The government bond issuance in August is expected to be around 1.5 trillion yuan. Considering factors such as payment reflux, taxation, and fiscal expenditures, government deposits may freeze about 2000 billion yuan in liquidity [64]. 3.3.4 Comprehensive Judgment - The overall capital gap in August is estimated to be around 1.8 trillion yuan, with a seasonally large pressure. However, the capital central level is likely to remain around 1.5%, with a limited risk of significant tightening. The central bank may continue the idea of over - repurchase and pay attention to the bank's liability situation and the possibility of the central bank restarting bond - buying from August to September [4][5][69].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating The provided content does not mention the industry investment rating. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In June, the excess reserve ratio rose to 1.3%, still at a low level for the end - of - quarter month and lower than expected. The central bank maintained the normalization of capital prices by supporting bank lending. In July, the central bank aimed to keep liquidity relatively loose within the existing framework, with the excess reserve ratio expected to be around 1.2%. In August, the excess reserve ratio is projected to be about 1.1%, remaining at a neutral level in recent years. The probability of reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate cuts in August is low, but the central bank may still maintain relatively loose liquidity [2][3]. - The fluctuation of the capital market in July was related to the improvement of the equity market sentiment, especially the freezing of funds due to new stock listings on the Beijing Stock Exchange. The capital market in August may continue the tone of July, and attention should be paid to whether DR001 can break through the lower limit of 1.3% at the beginning of the month [2][33][61]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1. Quarter - end Central Bank Claims Did Not Rise Unexpectedly, and the Increase in the Excess Reserve Ratio in June Was Weaker than Seasonal - In June, the excess reserve ratio rose by about 0.3pct to 1.3%, lower than the expected 1.5%, due to the central bank's claims on other depository corporations not rising additionally as expected to offset the previous decline. After the central bank announced the liquidity injection of various tools in May, the difference between the central bank's claims on other depository corporations and high - frequency data decreased, and its follow - up normalization needs attention [6]. - In June, the fiscal deposit decreased by 5722 billion yuan, less than the expected 7400 billion yuan. The expenditure progress of special refinancing bonds was slow, and the repurchase of treasury cash time deposits might have led to an additional increase in government deposits. Other factors such as currency issuance, central bank legal deposit reserves, and foreign exchange funds were close to expectations [8]. - Despite the relatively low excess reserve ratio, the net lending scale of banks continued to rise in June, and the central DR001 rate dropped below 1.4%, indicating that the central bank was normalizing capital prices by supporting bank lending [15]. 3.2. In July, the Central DR001 Rate Was Stable but with Increased Fluctuations, and the Central Bank Maintained Relative Looseness within the Existing Framework - In July, although the supply pressure of government bonds remained high, the general fiscal revenue and expenditure might show an anti - seasonal deficit, and the expenditure of replacement bonds was expected to bring additional government deposit injections. It was estimated that government deposits would increase by about 450 billion yuan, and the consumption of excess reserves would weaken marginally. Credit lending decline might lead to a decrease in bank reserve payments by about 90 billion yuan. Currency issuance might increase by about 30 billion yuan, and foreign exchange funds might continue to withdraw about 50 billion yuan. In the open market, the central bank's claims on other depository corporations might rise by about 260 billion yuan, and the excess reserve ratio was expected to be about 1.2% [15]. - In July, DR001 once exceeded 1.35%, and 1.3% seemed to become the new lower limit. The average DR001 for the whole month did not decline significantly but fluctuated more. The decline in non - bank capital demand led to a decline in DR007 despite the decrease in bank net lending. This might indicate that the central bank had achieved policy normalization and hoped to maintain relatively loose liquidity within the existing framework, resulting in stable but more volatile capital interest rates [27]. - The increased fluctuation of the capital market in late July might be related to the improvement of the equity market sentiment, especially the freezing of funds due to new stock listings on the Beijing Stock Exchange. The freezing and unfreezing of funds on the Beijing Stock Exchange might only impact the inter - bank liquidity under special circumstances [33]. - The cross - month progress of institutions in July was generally slow, but the abundant capital supply ensured the looseness of the capital market at the end of the month [37]. 3.3. In August, Relative Looseness May Still Be Maintained within the Existing Framework, and Attention Should Be Paid to Whether the Central Bank Continues to Relax Controls and Amplify Fluctuations - In August, although the general fiscal deficit might be higher than the same period in previous years, and the expenditure of replacement bonds might still cause additional leakage of government deposits, the net supply of government bonds was also at a high level. It was estimated that government deposits would decrease by about 50 billion yuan. Reserve payments might increase seasonally, currency issuance might increase by about 50 billion yuan, and foreign exchange funds might continue to withdraw about 50 billion yuan. In the open market, the central bank's claims on other depository corporations might decline by about 430 billion yuan, and the excess reserve ratio was expected to be about 1.1% [3][43]. - Since July, the central bank has emphasized the implementation of existing policies. The threshold for reserve requirement ratio cuts and interest rate cuts has increased, and it is not the baseline expectation for August. However, the central bank's concern about bond investment risks has decreased, and it may still tend to maintain relatively loose liquidity within the existing framework in August [3][56]. - In August, the capital market may continue the tone of July. Attention should be paid to whether DR001 can break through the lower limit of 1.3% at the beginning of the month. If so, the central bank may further relax controls on bank lending, increasing the fluctuation of the capital market. Although the exogenous disturbances such as the tax period in August may decrease, the decline in the central DR001 and DR007 rates may be limited [61].

Group 1 - The article emphasizes the importance of combining macro quantification with factor momentum to select resonant factors, particularly focusing on growth factors while considering market conditions [1][4] - Current macro indicators show economic decline, slightly loose liquidity, and improving credit indicators, leading to a correction in the direction of economic downturn and tight liquidity [3][4] - The article identifies that the stock pools are still biased towards growth factors, especially in the CSI 300 and CSI 1000 indices, while the CSI 500 leans more towards fundamental factors [4][5] Group 2 - Economic leading indicators suggest a potential slight increase after reaching a short-term bottom in August 2025, despite recent declines in PMI and new orders [6][8] - Various leading indicators are analyzed, indicating that many are in a downward cycle, with expectations for some to reach their bottom by early 2026 [9][10] - The liquidity environment is assessed as slightly loose, with interest rates remaining stable and monetary supply indicators suggesting a continuation of this trend [12][14] Group 3 - Credit indicators are generally weak, but the overall credit environment remains positive, with some signs of recovery in recent months [15][16] - The article recommends increasing stock allocations due to improving equity trends, while reducing allocations in other asset classes [16][17] - The focus remains on liquidity as the most significant variable affecting market dynamics, with credit and inflation also being monitored [18][20] Group 4 - The article suggests industry selection based on economic sensitivity and credit sensitivity, highlighting sectors that are less sensitive to economic downturns but more responsive to credit conditions [20][21] - Industries identified as having high growth potential include electronics, media, and beauty care, which are less affected by economic fluctuations [20][21]

2025 年 8 月 4 日 行业研究 如何看待股债跷跷板和 8 月流动性？ ——流动性观察第 114 期 银行业 买入（维持） 作者 分析师：王一峰 执业证书编号：S0930519050002 010-57378038 wangyf@ebscn.com 分析师：赵晨阳 执业证书编号：S0930524070005 010-57378030 zhaochenyang@ebscn.com 行业与沪深 300 指数对比图 资料来源：Wind 相关研报 6 月金融数据前瞻——流动性观察第 113 期 7 月流动性：自发宽松——流动性观察第 112 期 5 月金融数据前瞻——流动性观察第 111 期 6 月流动性展望——流动性观察第 110 期 4 月金融数据前瞻及 5 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 109 期 3 月金融数据前瞻及 4 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 108 期 2 月金融数据前瞻及 3 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 107 期 1 月金融数据前瞻及 2 月流动性展望——流动性观 察第 106 期 12 月金融数据前瞻及 1 月流动性展望——流动性 观察第 105 期 11 月金融数据前瞻及 12 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The economic and corporate profit factors are rated as neutral. In July, the prosperity of the three major industry indices generally declined. Supply - side manufacturing saw a double - drop in production and demand. Externally, demand showed resilience, with a smaller decline in new export orders than new orders. Extreme weather and falling demand dragged down the production start - up rate. The "anti - involution" initiative was effective, alleviating low - price competition and boosting raw material and ex - factory prices, thus improving corporate business expectations. [3] - Macro - policy factors are rated as neutral - to - bullish. The Central Political Bureau Meeting on July 30 emphasized improving the implementation efficiency of existing policies, with relatively limited signals for new incremental aggregate policies. Market expectations for real - estate incremental policies were adjusted. Policy statements in the consumption and investment fields remained consistent. The "anti - involution" related wording was adjusted, which may reflect a change in policy focus. [3] - Overseas factors are rated as neutral. From July 28th to 29th, Sino - US representatives held the third round of economic and trade talks in Stockholm. Both sides had in - depth, candid, and constructive exchanges and would promote the extension of the suspended 24% reciprocal tariffs by the US and China's counter - measures. [3] - Liquidity factors are rated as bullish. As of July 31st, the A - share margin trading balance was 1978.5 billion yuan, an increase of 3.727 billion yuan from the previous week. The A - share margin trading purchase amount accounted for 11.5% of the total market turnover, at the 97.2% quantile level in the past decade. [3][32] - The investment view is to buy on dips. In the short term, as macro - level positives are gradually realized, the upward speed of stock indices may slow down, and market fluctuations and adjustments should be watched out for. In the long run, this year's futures index market has been more driven by valuation expansion, with relatively weak profit drivers. Currently, there is still support at the valuation level. For example, although the current price - to - earnings ratio of the CSI 300 has returned to the median, the ERP is still at a historically high level (74.25% quantile), and with Huijin's support for liquidity, valuation factors are expected to continue to play a role. [3] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Stock Index Market Review - Last week, the CSI 300 fell 1.75% to 4054.9; the SSE 50 fell 1.48% to 2754.1; the CSI 500 fell 1.37% to 6213.2; the CSI 1000 fell 0.54% to 6670.5. [5] - In terms of futures, the IF main contract of the CSI 300 fell 1.96%, the IH main contract of the SSE 50 fell 1.47%, the IC main contract of the CSI 500 fell 1.56%, and the IM main contract of the CSI 1000 fell 0.76%. [6] - Among the Shenwan primary industry indices, last week, Medicine and Biology (2.9%), Communication (2.5%), Media (1.1%), Electronics (0.3%), and Social Services (0.1%) led the gains, while Non - Ferrous Metals (- 4.6%), Real Estate (- 3.4%), Transportation (- 3.2%), Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery (- 3%), and Power Equipment (- 2.6%) led the losses. [8] - In terms of trading volume and open interest of stock index futures, the trading volume of CSI 300 futures was 584321 lots, with a 7.33% change; SSE 50 futures was 290211 lots, with a 6.13% change; CSI 500 futures was 490539 lots, with a 7.75% change; CSI 1000 futures was 1086841 lots, with a 14.10% change. The open interest of CSI 300 futures was 261869 lots, with a 0.65% change; SSE 50 futures was 96900 lots, with a - 0.55% change; CSI 500 futures was 220244 lots, with a - 2.36% change; CSI 1000 futures was 338220 lots, with a 3.42% change. [12] - As of August 1st, the annualized discount of the current - month contract IF2508 was 7.8%; IH2508 was 0.12%; IC2508 was 19.97%; IM2508 was 20.98%. The annualized discount of the next - month contract IF2509 was 4.65%; IH2509 had an annualized premium of 0.07%; IC2509 was 13.09%; IM2509 was 14.26%. The annualized discount of the current - quarter contract IF2512 was 3.71%; IH2512 had an annualized premium of 0.21%; IC2512 was 10.75%; IM2512 was 12.17%. The annualized discount of the next - quarter contract IF2603 was 3.38%; IH2603 had an annualized premium of 0.18%; IC2603 was 9.77%; IM2603 was 11.47%. [16] - The spread between the CSI 300 and the SSE 50 closed at 1300.8, at the 84.1% historical quantile level; the spread between the CSI 1000 and the CSI 500 closed at 457.3, at the 65.8% historical quantile level. The ratio of the CSI 300 to the CSI 1000 was 0.6, at the 33.3% historical quantile level; the ratio of the SSE 50 to the CSI 1000 was 0.6, at the 36% historical quantile level. [20] 3.2 Factors Affecting Stock Indices - Liquidity - In terms of the money market and macro - liquidity, the central bank conducted 1663.2 billion yuan of reverse - repurchase operations in the open market this week, with 1656.3 billion yuan of reverse - repurchases maturing, resulting in a net injection of 6.9 billion yuan. Next week, 1663.2 billion yuan of reverse - repurchases will mature. [26] - As of July 31st, the A - share margin trading balance was 1978.5 billion yuan, an increase of 3.727 billion yuan from the previous week. The A - share margin trading purchase amount accounted for 11.5% of the total market turnover, at the 97.2% quantile level in the past decade. Last week, the daily trading volumes of A - shares were 1619.1 billion yuan, 1662.8 billion yuan, 1709.2 billion yuan, 1782.1 billion yuan, and 1466.6 billion yuan respectively, with an average daily trading volume 64.06 billion yuan less than the previous week. As of August 1st, the risk premium rate of the CSI 300 was 5.92, at the 75.7% quantile level in the past decade. [32] 3.3 Factors Affecting Stock Indices - Economic Fundamentals and Corporate Profit - In terms of China's macro - economic indicators, in June 2025, GDP at constant prices was 5.2%, industrial added - value year - on - year was 6.8%, fixed - asset investment cumulative year - on - year was 2.8%, real - estate investment was - 11.2%, infrastructure investment was 4.6%, manufacturing investment was 7.5%, social consumer goods retail was 4.8%, the urban surveyed unemployment rate was 5.0%, CPI was 0.1%, PPI was - 3.6%, the increment of social financing was not provided, the growth rate of social financing stock was 8.9%, new RMB loans were 2360 billion yuan, M1 was 4.6%, M2 was 8.3%, exports in US dollars were 5.9%, imports in US dollars were 1.1%, manufacturing PMI was 49.7%, and non - manufacturing PMI was 50.5%. [35] - In July, the manufacturing PMI was 49.3, a decrease of 0.4 from June; the non - manufacturing PMI was 50.1, a decrease of 0.4 from June. Among them, new orders, new export orders, production, and other sub - indices all declined to varying degrees, while the production and operation activity expectation index increased by 0.6. [42] - In terms of the profitability of major broad - based indices, as of March 31, 2025, the year - on - year growth rate of the net profit attributable to the parent company of the CSI 300 was 3.32%, and the return on equity (ROE) was 9.75%; for the SSE 50, the net profit growth rate was - 0.19%, and ROE was 10.21%; for the CSI 500, the net profit growth rate was 7.39%, and ROE was 5.99%; for the CSI 1000, the net profit growth rate was 3.34%, and ROE was 5.12%. [47] 3.4 Factors Affecting Stock Indices - Policy Drivers - A series of macro - policies have been introduced, including the Central Urban Work Conference held from July 14th to 15th, which pointed out that China's urbanization is shifting from a rapid growth stage to a stable development stage, and urban development is shifting from large - scale incremental expansion to stock quality improvement. The meeting deployed seven key tasks. [52] - The Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission's Sixth Meeting on July 1st emphasized governing low - price disorderly competition in enterprises and introduced a series of monetary policy measures. [53] - The State Council's press conference on May 7th announced a series of measures from quantitative, price - based, and structural monetary policies, such as reducing the deposit - reserve ratio by 0.5 percentage points and lowering policy interest rates. [53] 3.5 Factors Affecting Stock Indices - Overseas Factors - In the United States, in July, the manufacturing PMI was 48%, a decrease of 1 percentage point from the previous value; the non - manufacturing PMI data was not fully provided, with a decrease of 50.8 percentage points from the previous value. The seasonally - adjusted unemployment rate was 4.2%, and the number of new non - farm payrolls was 73,000. The University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index in July was 61.7, an increase of 1 from the previous value. [60][62] - In June, the year - on - year growth rate of PCE was 2.58%, and the core PCE was 2.79%; the year - on - year growth rate of CPI was 2.7%, and the core CPI was 2.9%. [63] - Trump's team has made a series of tariff - related statements and actions, including threatening to impose tariffs on imports from China, Canada, Mexico, and other countries, and implementing "reciprocal tariffs" policies, which have led to China's counter - measures. [69][71] 3.6 Factors Affecting Stock Indices - Valuation - As of August 1, 2025, the rolling price - to - earnings ratios of the CSI 300, SSE 50, CSI 500, and CSI 1000 were 13.1 times, 11.3 times, 30.2 times, and 41 times respectively, at the 65.4%, 79.5%, 71%, and 63.3% quantile levels in the past decade. [76]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The TL2509 variety is expected to be in a state of oscillation in the short - term, medium - term, and overall, with an intraday tendency to be slightly stronger. The core logic is that the manufacturing PMI weakened in July, but the possibility of an interest rate cut in the short term is low [1]. - For the TL, T, TF, and TS varieties, the intraday view is slightly stronger, the medium - term view is oscillatory, and the overall reference view is oscillatory. After continuous adjustments since July, the 1 - year treasury bond yield has returned to near the policy rate, triggering the anchoring effect of the policy rate. Coupled with the emphasis on implementing a moderately loose monetary policy in the second half of the year, treasury bond futures have bottomed out and rebounded. However, the central bank has shifted to net liquidity withdrawal in recent open - market operations, and the high trading volume in the stock market indicates a strong risk preference among investors, resulting in insufficient upward momentum for treasury bonds. Overall, treasury bond futures are expected to trade in a range in the short term [5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalog Variety Viewpoint Reference - Financial Futures Stock Index Sector | Variety | Short - term | Medium - term | Intraday | Viewpoint Reference | Core Logic Summary | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | TL2509 | Oscillation | Oscillation | Slightly stronger oscillation | Oscillation | The manufacturing PMI weakened in July, but the possibility of an interest rate cut in the short term is low [1] | Main Variety Price and Market Driving Logic - Financial Futures Stock Index Sector - **Varieties**: TL, T, TF, TS - **Intraday View**: Slightly stronger oscillation - **Medium - term View**: Oscillation - **Reference View**: Oscillation - **Core Logic**: Treasury bond futures oscillated and consolidated last Friday. After continuous adjustments since July, the 1 - year treasury bond yield has returned to near the policy rate, triggering the anchoring effect of the policy rate. The policy emphasizes implementing a moderately loose monetary policy in the second half of the year, leading to a rebound in treasury bond futures. But the central bank's net liquidity withdrawal and high stock market trading volume limit the upward momentum of treasury bonds. Short - term trading in a range is expected [5]