对预算赤字的担忧在5月因国会审议的一项减税法案而加剧。无党派机构国会预算办公室(Congressional Budget Office)估计，众议院通过的税收与支出法案版本将在未来十年使美国预算赤字增加2.4万亿美 元。 特朗普政策引发的此类市场波动通常会让总部位于迈阿密的城堡证券受益——该公司擅长处理高频交 易。受市场波动推动，城堡证券今年第一季度公布了创纪录的利润和交易收入。 这家由亿万富翁肯·格里芬(Ken Griffin)创立的做市巨头正不断扩大在各类资产和地区的布局，于2023年 涉足投资级企业债券市场。埃斯波西托周四透露，公司正寻求在新监管框架下拓展加密货币交易业务。 "加密货币已过了不可逆转的临界点，它正成为机构投资者和专业投资者认真对待的资产类别，"他 说，"随着监管规则的明确，我认为这将成为一个庞大且可行的资产类别，我们都将参与其中。" 智通财经APP获悉，城堡证券(Citadel Securities)总裁吉姆·埃斯波西托(Jim Esposito)指出，美国财政赤字 和不断攀升的政府债务水平是一枚"定时炸弹"，加入了众多金融高管对美国日益恶化的财政前景的警告 行列。曾于去年从高盛集团加入 ...

Group 1 - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield remains below 4.5%, indicating economic uncertainty and multiple factors affecting market direction [1] - Global investors are reassessing debt and deficit issues across countries, not just in the U.S., with expectations of rising global bond yields [1][2] - The decline in the international appeal of U.S. Treasuries is evident as foreign investors, particularly from Japan, shift their focus back to domestic markets due to rising Japanese bond yields [2] Group 2 - Japan's government debt-to-GDP ratio is the highest among developed countries at 235%, while the U.S. stands at 122% [3] - Concerns are rising regarding European sovereign debt as fiscal pressures increase, with Germany's 10-year bond yield expected to rise from 2.5% to 3% [3] - The U.S. fiscal policy and tariff uncertainties complicate predictions for the 10-year Treasury yield, which is projected to end the year at 4.25% [3] Group 3 - A proposed tax bill in the U.S. could increase the fiscal deficit by $2.4 trillion over the next decade, with the current fiscal deficit at 6.4% of GDP [4] - The likelihood of a severe market reaction similar to the U.K.'s past situation is considered low due to high current yields helping to stabilize the market [4] Group 4 - A sharp rise in U.S. Treasury yields could negatively impact the stock market, leading to wider credit spreads and tighter financial conditions, ultimately suppressing economic growth [5] - Concerns about U.S. debt management are highlighted, with warnings that failure to control debt could lead to significant market disruptions [5]

Core Viewpoint - The rising fiscal deficit may impact the Federal Reserve, potentially leading to an increase in the neutral interest rate level [1] Group 1 - The Federal Reserve Governor, Christopher Waller, indicated that a one-directional increase in the fiscal deficit could have implications for monetary policy [1] - The potential rise in the neutral interest rate level is a concern for the Federal Reserve as it navigates economic conditions [1]

【导读】摩根大通全球宏观研究主管：若人民币升值预期增强，投资者或更青睐中国国债 中国基金报记者吴娟娟 日前，摩根大通全球宏观研究主管Luis Oganes在摩根大通中国峰会期间接受本报独家专访时表示，在关税等带 来的不确定性下，美联储或难以实施预防性降息，欧元和亚洲货币获支撑。 Luis Oganes认为，若人民币升值预期增强，投资者可能更青睐中国国债，贸易谈判结果为关键影响因素。全球 投资者或降低对美国资产的高配幅度。 美国财政状况令美国国债市场承压 中国基金报：穆迪最近下调了美国信用评级，如何看待目前的国债市场形势？ Luis Oganes：长期以来，美国的财政状况难言乐观。2024年，美国的财政赤字占GDP比率为6.28%，今年我们 预计这一数值约为6%。不过，国会正在讨论财政法案。依照该法案，明年财政赤字将会增加。摩根经济学家估 计，2026年美国财政赤字占GDP比率约7%，这不是好的信号。疫情后，美国财政赤字理应比现在低得多。但 是，赤字易升难降。 穆迪的决定并不令人意外。标普早在2011年取消了对美国的3A评级，2023年惠誉亦取消了对美国的3A评级。 根据国会讨论的法案，10年内，美国政府债务占 ...

智通财经APP注意到，美债涨势趋稳，投资者在周五非农就业报告公布前保持谨慎，并小幅下调对美联 储降息的押注。 周四两年期美债收益率一度上涨2个基点至3.89%，缓解了前一日因美国经济数据逊于预期引发的暴 跌。交易员仍充分定价美联储今年将降息两次(每次25个基点)，但减少了对第三次降息的押注。 投资者正等待美国非农就业数据以研判货币政策前景。 本周早些时候的数据显示，美国私营部门就业增速已放缓至两年来最低水平，但部分分析师认为这不足 以支撑美债持续上涨。 杰富瑞国际首席欧洲策略师莫希特·库马尔表示，"美国的财政问题将阻碍任何实质性反弹。" 尽管经济数据走弱，他仍预计10年期收益率将在4.25%至4.75%区间波动，"若10年期收益率向4.25%回 落，我们将借此机会重建空头头寸。" 在日本30年期国债拍卖结果好于许多投资者担忧后，美国长期国债小幅上涨。不过，由于投资者仍担忧 美国不断扩大的财政赤字，美债涨幅落后于欧洲债券。 周四美国30年期国债收益率下降2个基点至4.86%，但自5月初以来仍累计上涨逾20个基点。此前穆迪评 级剥夺了美国最后一个AAA级信用评级，且美国众议院通过了一项延续特朗普减税政策的数万亿美 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Big Beautiful Bill" passed by the House of Representatives is expected to increase the net deficit by at least $3 trillion over the next decade, with significant implications for U.S. fiscal policy and economic growth [3][11][28]. Summary by Sections Bill Content and Progress - The "Big Beautiful Bill" includes the permanent extension of key provisions from the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, additional tax relief measures, and increased spending in defense and border security while cutting expenditures in agriculture, education, and energy [3][11][13]. - The bill is projected to increase the national debt by approximately $3.8 trillion over the next ten years, according to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) [11][28]. Tax Policy - The bill extends and makes permanent the major provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, introduces new personal and family tax cuts, and raises the state and local tax deduction cap from $10,000 to $40,000 [13][14]. - It also imposes higher tax rates on passive income for individuals and corporations from countries deemed to have "discriminatory" tax policies, potentially reaching a maximum rate of 20% [4][14]. Deficit and Revenue Projections - The estimated annual tariff revenue is projected to reach around $200 billion, which could help mitigate the deficit increase caused by the bill, although it will not fully cover the shortfall from tax cuts [5][30]. - Under baseline assumptions, the deficit rates for 2025 to 2028 are estimated to be around 6.4% to 7.0%, with optimistic scenarios potentially lowering the rates slightly [6][30][28]. Economic Impact - The bill is expected to provide a marginal boost to economic growth, with projections indicating a real GDP growth rate of approximately 1.5% in 2025 and a potential recovery to 2.0%-2.5% in 2026 due to tax cuts and lower interest rates [7][32]. - However, the long-term fiscal sustainability remains a concern, as the combination of increased deficits and rising interest payments could lead to a significant increase in the national debt [34][38]. Long-term Debt and Interest Risks - The CBO estimates that if the ten-year Treasury yield remains at 4.5%, interest payments could exceed $13 trillion by 2034, significantly increasing the fiscal burden [34][38]. - The debt-to-GDP ratio is projected to rise from nearly 100% to 128% by 2034, raising concerns among credit rating agencies about the sustainability of U.S. fiscal policy [38]. Market Reactions and Bond Yields - Recent increases in long-term U.S. Treasury yields are attributed to the "Trump premium," reflecting market concerns over the fiscal implications of the "Big Beautiful Bill" and the potential for increased deficits [45][51]. - Despite short-term pressures, the 10-year Treasury bonds are still viewed as having significant investment value, especially in light of potential future interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve [52].

以下文章来源于中国银河宏观 ，作者中国银河宏观 中国银河宏观 . 中国银河证券宏观经济研究 文/中国银河证券首席宏观分析师 张迪 、 中国银河证券宏观经济分析师 于金潼 、中国银河证券宏观经济分析师助理 铁伟奥 5月22日，美国众议院以215比2 1 4票的微弱优势通过2 0 2 5财年预算 协调法案"The One , Bi g, Be a utif ul Bill "（大美丽法案）。不同机 构估计，该法案将在未来1 0年内使净赤字增加至少3万亿美元。这个 法案究竟会带来什么影响？ 大美丽法案包括什么？ 5月22日，美国众议院以215比214票的微弱优势通过2025财年预算协调法案"The One, Big, Beautiful Bill"（大美丽法案）。不同机构估计，该法案将在未来 10 年内使净赤字增加至少3 万亿美元。主要内容包括延长并永久化2017年《减税和就业法案》的主要条款，并添加额外的税收减免 政策；虽然在农业、教育、能源等领域削减了支出，但在国防和边境安全上扩大了支出，叠加减税政 策，总体上法案让美国政府赤字进一步上行。 其中外国资产税引人注意，法案第899条规定对美国认为 存在税收政策"歧 ...

分析师： 蔡梦苑 登记编号：S0890521120001 分析师：郝一凡 登记编号：S0890524080002 分析师：刘 芳 | 资产类别 | 核心逻辑观点 | 配置建议 | | --- | --- | --- | | A股大盘 | > 颠簸与变局将近,以稳应变: | 中佳 | | | ◆ 国内经济基本面:关税反复,总需求回落压力上升,需关注政策发力的对冲效果; | | | | ◆ 资金面:A股成交额回落至"9.24"以来的低位,市场观望情绪上升 · | | | | ◆ 政策面:短期内以落实已部署正常政策为主,下半年或有增量政策; | | | | ◆ 外部环境:关税谈判期仅剩月余,不确定性有抬头的风险,且不可预测性较强。 | | | | > 关税豁免期临近结束(7月8日),变盘节点临近,6-7月或先抑后扬:关税豁免期仅剩月余,不确定性 | | | | 抗动或上升,目市场成交活跃度回落,市场临沂变盘。此外,结构上或将出现风格变化,今年以来市场 | | | | 缩圈至更为极致的"杠铃"策略 -- 大盘权重+微盘,即以银行为代表的权重以及以微盛股指数为代表 | | | | 的方向表现更为突出。但这一趋势当前面临 ...

美国管理和预算局主任Vought：特朗普的支出法案将改善财政赤字。 ...

智通财经APP获悉，美国国会预算办公室(CBO)周三发布最新预测，由众议院通过的特朗普税收与支出 法案将在未来十年令联邦预算赤字增加2.42万亿美元。该提案体现了特朗普在连任竞选中的关键经济议 程，涵盖大规模减税与联邦支出调整。然而，其可能带来的财政后果正在引发共和党内部财政鹰派的担 忧。 根据CBO的估算，从现在起至2034年，联邦政府收入将减少3.67万亿美元，而支出则下降1.25万亿美 元，两者综合将推高预算赤字。该预测尚未纳入任何潜在的"动态效应"，即税改可能推动的经济增长所 带来的税基扩大效应。 尽管政府官员一再淡化赤字风险，认为经济增长将有助于缓解财政压力，外界对这一法案的批评正日益 升温。特朗普盟友、亿万富翁马斯克周二直言不讳地称这项法案是"一项庞大、离谱、充满私利的国会 支出法案，是一种令人作呕的耻辱"。 CBO的分析指出，该法案若不作修改，可能在2034年导致1090万人失去健康保险，其中包括约140万在 移民身份方面不符合条件的民众。卫生与社会支出削减也正在成为法案能否在参议院顺利通过的关键障 碍之一。 特朗普政府则坚称减税、加征关税及放松监管将共同提振经济，财政部长贝森特上月表示并不担心 ...