利率 - 反内卷对债市的两条影响路径 20250707 摘要 当前利率已走低，未来走向取决于 6 月经济数据，如通胀、社融和出口。 若数据不佳，央行可能进一步宽松，利好债市，类似于 2015-2016 年 供给侧改革初期。 反内卷通过约束产能推升商品价格，类似供给侧改革，但可能因企业退 出导致就业和收入下降，对需求产生负面影响。缺乏需求侧支持的反内 卷对债市偏利多。 历史经验表明，无需求侧配合的通胀难以持续。若仅因供给侧冲击导致 短期通胀，央行或维持宽松。2015 年供给侧改革期间，利率整体下行， 表明通胀压力可控。 螺纹钢价格通常领先于 PPI 和利率。2015 年底螺纹钢率先上涨，PPI 随 后见底，利率在 2016 年 1 月触底后反弹，受大宗商品价格、供给侧改 革和经济数据改善等多重因素影响。 2021 年大宗商品上涨不仅因输入性通胀，更受煤炭行业政策影响，如 《刑法修正案（十一）》禁止超产及安全检查等，导致煤炭供应收紧， 需求良好也助推价格上涨。 Q&A 反内卷对债券市场的影响如何？ 反内卷对债券市场的影响相对较小。尽管权益市场因反内卷而表现火热，但债 券市场并未受到显著影响。当前，债市关注的主要是 ...

Report Summary 1. Investment Rating The provided content does not mention the industry investment rating. 2. Core View On July 4, the liquidity was abundant and loose. The yields of the bond market showed a divergent trend, with the medium - and short - end yields continuing to decline and the long - end yields rising slightly. The convertible bond market also showed divergence following the equity market, and most convertible bond issues declined. The 10 - year government bond yields of major European economies also showed a divergent trend [1]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Bond Market News - **Domestic News**: Minister of Finance Lan Fuan attended the 2025 BRICS Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting, expressing China's willingness to deepen BRICS financial cooperation. The New Development Bank of BRICS approved Colombia and Uzbekistan as new members. The central bank solicited public opinions on the revised business rules of the RMB Cross - border Payment System. The Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges revised the ETF risk management business guidelines, which will take effect on August 1, 2025 [3][4]. - **International News**: Elon Musk announced the establishment of the "American Party" on July 5, aiming to "avoid US bankruptcy" and indicating participation in the 2026 mid - term elections. This marked the breakdown of his political alliance with Trump [6]. - **Commodities**: On July 4, Brent crude oil futures for September delivery fell 0.72% to $68.30 per barrel, with a weekly increase of 2.24%. Spot gold rose 0.33% to $3337.15 per ounce, with a weekly increase of 1.92%. NYMEX natural gas prices fell 0.53% to $3.387 per ounce [7]. 3.2 Liquidity - **Open Market Operations**: On July 4, the central bank conducted 34 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at a fixed interest rate of 1.40%. With 525.9 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing on the same day, the net withdrawal of funds was 491.9 billion yuan [9][10]. - **Funding Rates**: On July 4, the liquidity was abundant and loose, and major repurchase rates continued to decline. DR001 dropped 0.10bp to 1.314%, and DR007 dropped 4.52bp to 1.422%. Various inter - bank lending and repurchase rates also showed downward trends [11][12]. 3.3 Bond Market Dynamics - **Interest - Rate Bonds**: - **Yield Trends**: On July 4, the trends of major inter - bank interest - rate bonds diverged. The medium - and short - end yields continued to decline due to loose liquidity, while the long - end yields rose slightly due to the stock - bond seesaw effect. For example, the yield of the 10 - year treasury bond active bond 250011 rose 0.15bp to 1.6410% [14]. - **Bond Tenders**: Information on the tendering of several bonds such as 25进出清发02, 25附息国债07(续2), and 25附息国债11(续2) was provided, including issuance scale, winning yields, and multiples [16]. - **Credit Bonds**: - **Secondary - Market Transaction Anomalies**: On July 4, the transaction prices of two industrial bonds deviated by more than 10%, with "H1碧地01" falling more than 66% and "H0中骏02" falling more than 19% [16]. - **Credit Bond Events**: Companies such as Sunac China, Fantasia Holdings, Vanke, and Yida China announced matters related to share issuance, debt restructuring, guarantee balances, and loan defaults [17]. - **Convertible Bonds**: - **Equity and Convertible Bond Indices**: On July 4, the three major A - share indices showed different trends, with the Shanghai Composite Index rising 0.32%, and the Shenzhen Component Index and ChiNext Index falling 0.25% and 0.36% respectively. The convertible bond market also showed divergence, with the CSI Convertible Bond Index and Shanghai Convertible Bond Index rising 0.15% and 0.24% respectively, and the Shenzhen Convertible Bond Index falling 0.01%. Most convertible bond issues declined [18]. - **Convertible Bond Tracking**: Some convertible bonds such as Jingao Convertible Bond proposed to lower the conversion price, and some such as Jingduan Convertible Bond announced early redemptions [24]. - **Overseas Bond Markets**: - **US Bond Market**: The US bond market was closed on July 4 due to the Independence Day holiday [21]. - **European Bond Market**: On July 4, the 10 - year government bond yields of major European economies showed a divergent trend. Germany's 10 - year government bond yield dropped 1bp to 2.57%, France's rose 1bp, and those of Italy and the UK remained unchanged, while Spain's dropped 1bp [22]. - **Price Changes of Chinese - Issued US - Dollar Bonds**: The daily price changes of some Chinese - issued US - dollar bonds as of July 4 were provided, including information on credit entities, bond codes, bond balances, and yields [25].

Core Viewpoint - The bond market is experiencing narrow fluctuations due to a lack of trading drivers, but there are no clear negative factors impacting it [1][3]. Market Performance - The 10-year government bond yield slightly decreased by 0.2 basis points to 1.639% [1][3]. - The 30-year government bond yield remained unchanged at 1.8515% [1][3]. - The trading volume for 10-year and 30-year active bonds was below 1,000 transactions by the end of the day [3]. Futures Market - The 30-year main contract for government bond futures fell by 0.04% to 121.150 yuan, while the 10-year main contract remained flat at 109.105 yuan [1][3]. - The 30-year main contract opened at 121.34 yuan but subsequently declined [3]. Monetary Policy - The central bank conducted a reverse repurchase operation of 106.5 billion yuan at a fixed rate of 1.40%, with a net withdrawal of 225 billion yuan for the day [3]. - The Shibor short-term rates mostly declined, with the overnight rate dropping to 1.312%, the lowest since December 2024 [4]. Credit Market - The trading volume for non-financial credit bonds showed significant declines, with the top five falling bonds listed [8]. - Conversely, the top five rising non-financial credit bonds also showed positive performance [8]. Interbank Rates - The interbank repo rates showed mixed movements, with some rates remaining stable while others increased slightly [5][6][7].

Market Overview - The bond market experienced a warm oscillation last week, with a slight decline in long-term bond yields. The 10-year government bond futures main contract rose by 0.03%, while the 10-year bond yield fell by 0.29 basis points compared to the previous week [2][3] - The yield curve has steepened further, driven by a combination of factors including a loosening of the funding environment and a reduction in government bond issuance [1][3] Secondary Market - On July 1, the bond market was supported by a loosening funding environment and a reduction in government bond issuance, leading to a general decline in yields. The 10-year bond yield decreased by 0.36 basis points [4] - On July 2, the market continued to strengthen due to the increasingly loose funding environment, with the 10-year bond yield falling by 0.37 basis points [4] - On July 3, the bond market remained warm, with most yields declining, although the 10-year bond yield increased slightly by 0.11 basis points [4] - On July 4, short-term bonds continued to perform well due to the ongoing loose funding environment, while long-term bonds weakened slightly due to the stock-bond effect, with the 10-year bond yield rising by 0.26 basis points [4] Primary Market - A total of 47 bonds were issued last week, a decrease of 130 bonds from the previous week, with an issuance volume of 513.2 billion, down by 354.4 billion. The net financing amount was 376.6 billion, a significant decrease of 404.1 billion [11][12] - Government bonds, policy bank bonds, and local government bonds saw varying issuance trends, with government bonds and policy bank bonds increasing while local government bonds saw a significant decrease [11][12] Economic Indicators - The macroeconomic sentiment continued to improve in June, with the manufacturing PMI rising to 49.7%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points from May. The non-manufacturing business activity index rose to 50.5%, also up by 0.2 percentage points [13] - The service sector PMI decreased slightly to 50.1%, reflecting seasonal trends, while the composite PMI output index rose to 50.7%, indicating ongoing expansion [13] Liquidity Observation - The central bank conducted a net withdrawal of 1375.3 billion in the open market last week, indicating a tightening of liquidity despite the overall loose funding environment [24]

Domestic News - The Minister of Finance, Lan Fan'an, attended the 2025 BRICS Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting, emphasizing China's commitment to deepen financial cooperation among BRICS nations and support the development of the New Development Bank [2] - The People's Bank of China released a draft for public consultation regarding the rules for the Cross-Border Interbank Payment System (CIPS), aiming to optimize its functions and services [2] Market Dynamics - On July 4, the interbank market showed a mixed trend in major interest rate bonds, with short- to medium-term bonds continuing to decline due to ample liquidity, while long-term bonds experienced a slight increase [9][10] - The yield on the 10-year government bond rose by 0.15 basis points to 1.6410%, while the 10-year policy bank bond yield also increased by 0.15 basis points to 1.7175% [9][10] Credit Bonds - On July 4, two industrial bonds experienced significant price deviations, with "H1碧地01" dropping over 66% and "H0中骏02" declining over 19% [11] - Sunac China announced plans to issue 754 million shares to raise approximately 5.6 billion yuan to repay domestic bonds [11] Convertible Bonds - The convertible bond market showed divergence, with the China Securities Index for convertible bonds rising by 0.15% and the Shenzhen index declining by 0.01% on July 4 [14] - The trading volume in the convertible bond market reached 82.835 billion yuan, an increase of 15.047 billion yuan from the previous trading day [14] - Notable performers included the newly listed electric chemical convertible bond, which hit the upper limit, and the Anke convertible bond, which rose over 36% [14][15] International Market - The yield on 10-year government bonds in major European economies showed mixed trends, with Germany's yield decreasing by 1 basis point to 2.57% while France's yield increased by 1 basis point [17]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Views of the Report - The bond market is still in a favorable environment with the central bank maintaining a moderately loose policy, but there are potential disturbances. The third quarter may still be a good window for long - positions, but the time may be later [4][5][37]. - Short - term central bank's total - volume easing policies are relatively limited, and whether the capital interest rate will be further relaxed is worth discussing. The pricing of funds and certificates of deposit in the new steady - state needs further observation [4][21][37]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Bond Market Performance this Week - From June 30 to July 4, the bond market showed a volatile and strong pattern, with most yields of interest - rate bonds declining. After the cross - quarter period, the funds were loose, and the overnight interest rate dropped to 1.3%. The medium - and short - term bonds performed strongly, and the interest rate of 50 - year treasury bonds decreased significantly. As of July 4, the yields of 1Y, 2Y, 10Y, 30Y, and 50Y treasury bonds changed by - 0.9BP, - 0.7BP, - 0.3BP, + 0.2BP, - 3.4BP respectively from last week, reaching 1.34%, 1.35%, 1.64%, 1.85%, 1.94% [1][8]. 3.2 Understanding the Boundary of Central Bank's Easing - **July Liquidity Situation**: In July, the liquidity usually shows a seasonal loosening trend. The reasons include that July is a small month for credit lending, the maturity scale of certificates of deposit decreases, and the seasonal return of wealth - management funds. However, there are concerns such as the impact of fiscal and tax periods, the pressure of government bond supply, and the increase in the maturity scale of open - market operations. The central bank's monetary policy attitude is crucial, and the marginal pricing and phased steady - state of funds and certificates of deposit may become clearer in the middle of the quarter [16][20]. - **Central Bank's Policy Tools**: In the short term, the probability of the central bank cutting the reserve requirement ratio and interest rates is low. It may prefer to use tools such as MLF renewal and outright reverse repurchase to inject liquidity. The central bank may restart treasury bond purchases during the peak of government bond supply, especially in August - September [3][21]. 3.3 Potential Disturbances in the Bond Market - **Fundamental Changes under Tariff Deduction**: After the Sino - US tariff mitigation, the external demand and export pressure have eased, the economic pessimistic expectations have been revised, and the long - term interest rate may face upward pressure. However, there is still uncertainty in subsequent tariff policies [26]. - **Stock - Bond "Seesaw" Effect**: If the fundamentals stabilize and the economic recovery expectation strengthens, the risk preference may shift, and the stock - bond "seesaw" effect may be more prominent, which may suppress the bond market [29]. - **Incremental Policy Tools**: It is necessary to pay attention to the effectiveness of wide - credit restoration under the strengthening of fiscal policies and the impact of new policy - based financial tools on the bond market. The new policy - based financial tools may have a scale of 50 billion yuan, and if deployed in the third quarter, they may boost the economy in the third and fourth quarters [33][34]. 3.4 Next Week's Key Focus - July 7: China's foreign exchange reserves in June, Japan's international reserves in June [38]. - July 8: Japan's current account balance in May, Germany's export value in May [38]. - July 9: China's CPI year - on - year and PPI year - on - year in June, Japan's M2 year - on - year in June [38]. - July 10: China's social financing data and credit data in June [38]. - July 11: Germany's CPI year - on - year in June, UK's trade balance in May [38].

行业 国债日报 日期 2025 年 7 月 4 日 研究员：何卓乔(宏观贵金属) 18665641296 hezhuoqiao@ccb.ccbfutures.com 期货从业资格号：F3008762 研究员：黄雯昕(国债集运) 021-60635739 huangwenxin@ccb.ccbfutures.com 期货从业资格号：F3051589 研究员：聂嘉怡(股指) 021-60635735 niejiayi@ccb.ccbfutures.com 期货从业资格号：F03124070 利率现券： 银行间各主要期限利率现券收益率多数下行，变动幅度较窄，至下午 16：30， 10 年国债活跃券 250011 收益率报 1.6395%下行 0.05bp。 宏观金融团队 请阅读正文后的声明 ＃summary＃ 每日报告 | | 表1：国债期货7月3日交易数据汇总 | | | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 合约 | 前结算价 | 开盘价 | 收盘价 | 结算价 | 涨跌 | 涨跌幅 （%） | 成 ...

Core Viewpoint - The 30-year Treasury ETF from Bosera has shown a slight increase in value and liquidity, indicating a stable investment environment with potential for future growth as new capital flows into the market [3][4]. Group 1: Performance Metrics - As of July 4, 2025, the 30-year Treasury ETF from Bosera has increased by 0.06%, with a latest price of 112.94 yuan [3]. - Over the past week, the ETF has accumulated a rise of 0.42% [3]. - The ETF's net inflow reached 14.67 million yuan recently, with a total of 240 million yuan in net inflows over the last five trading days [4]. - The ETF has achieved a 13.97% increase in net value over the past year, ranking 4th out of 410 in the index bond fund category [4]. Group 2: Trading and Liquidity - The trading volume for the ETF was 81.78 million yuan, with a turnover rate of 1.08% [3]. - The average daily trading volume over the past week was 2.264 billion yuan [3]. - The financing net purchase amount was 4.5149 million yuan, with a total financing balance of 33.4793 million yuan [4]. Group 3: Risk and Return Analysis - The maximum drawdown since inception for the ETF is 6.89%, with a relative benchmark drawdown of 1.28% [4]. - The ETF has a historical one-year profit probability of 100% [4]. - The management fee for the ETF is 0.15%, and the custody fee is 0.05% [4]. Group 4: Tracking Accuracy - The tracking error for the ETF over the past month is 0.039% [5]. - The ETF closely tracks the Shanghai Stock Exchange 30-year Treasury Index, which reflects the overall performance of corresponding maturity government bonds [5].

Group 1: Open Market Operations - The central bank announced a reverse repurchase operation of 57.2 billion yuan for 7 days at a fixed rate of 1.40%, with a total bid and awarded amount of 57.2 billion yuan [1] - On the same day, 509.3 billion yuan of reverse repos matured, resulting in a net withdrawal of 452.1 billion yuan [1] Group 2: Funding Conditions - The funding environment has become more relaxed, with the overnight pledged repo rate for deposit-taking institutions falling by over 4 basis points to 1.31%, and the 7-day pledged repo rate decreasing by over 3 basis points [3] - The latest overnight financing guarantee rate in the U.S. is 4.44% [5] Group 3: Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The latest transaction rate for one-year interbank certificates of deposit among major banks is around 1.61%, showing a slight decline compared to the previous day [8] Group 4: Bond Market - The closing prices for government bond futures showed a slight decline for the 30-year main contract by 0.02%, while the 10-year main contract remained unchanged, and the 5-year and 2-year main contracts both increased by 0.01% [12] Group 5: Corporate Bond Events - Longfor Group has repaid nearly 9 billion yuan in public debt this year [17] - The approval of the China Merchants CSI AAA Technology Innovation Corporate Bond ETF has been granted [17] - Chipone Technology plans to issue corporate debt financing tools not exceeding 4 billion yuan [17] - Poly Developments issued a second phase of corporate bonds with rates of 2.12% and 2.39% [17]

Core Insights - Since March, the central bank has actively responded to short-term situations, implementing precise measures to maintain a balanced and loose liquidity environment. Although the probability of further rate cuts or reserve requirement ratio reductions in the short term is low, the central bank is expected to utilize appropriate tools if necessary to ensure stable liquidity. The bond market is likely to return to an upward trend, and investors are encouraged to seize the buying opportunity in July and August [1][5][24]. July Monetary Policy and Liquidity Outlook - July is a significant month for tax payments, which will increase liquidity disturbances [15]. - Approximately 2.8 trillion yuan of certificates of deposit will mature in July, primarily consisting of one-year and three-month maturities. In the context of a slowing deposit absorption pace, banks are likely to have strong motivation to replenish the certificate of deposit gap [17]. - The issuance scale of government bonds in July is slightly lower than in June, with net financing around 1.4 trillion yuan. Additionally, nearly 200 billion yuan of special refinancing bonds have yet to be issued [20]. - There will be 1.2 trillion yuan of reverse repos and 300 billion yuan of Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF) maturing in July, with the scale being higher than in June. Investors are closely watching whether the central bank will initiate bond buying and change the announcement method [22]. Central Bank Operations - The central bank has been actively addressing different monthly demands since March, maintaining a balanced and loose liquidity stance. The policy toolbox has become "multi-term and flexible," allowing for timely decisions based on market needs [11][22]. - The market is currently focused on whether the central bank will restart bond buying. This ongoing speculation has influenced market trends, with investors closely monitoring indicators that reflect market liquidity and central bank intentions [24].