1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - This week (May 12 - May 16), the bond market was mainly volatile, with a differentiated yield curve and a steeper long - end. Yields generally rose due to factors such as better - than - expected China - US trade and tightened liquidity after the RRR cut and central bank's net capital withdrawal. As of May 16, the yields of 30Y, 10Y, and 1Y treasury bonds changed by 4BP, 3BP, and closed at 1.88%, 1.68%, and 1.45% respectively. The term spreads of 30Y - 10Y and 10Y - 1Y changed by - 1BP and 1BP to 20BP and 23BP respectively [1][7]. - Next week, the liquidity may be disturbed by factors such as concentrated treasury bond supply and tax periods, but the probability of a significant tightening is low. Fundamentally, most production indicators declined, real - estate transactions decreased year - on - year, and most price sectors continued to fall [1][25]. - In the short term, the bond market may be disturbed by tax periods and supply, but overall it is not bearish. Attention should be paid to the progress of fiscal bond issuance in May and the changes in liquidity maintained by the central bank [3][85]. 3. Summary According to the Catalog 3.1 This Week's Bond Market Review: Bond Market Weakened, Yield Curve Differentiated, Long - end Steepened - This week, the bond market was affected by better - than - expected China - US trade, RRR cut but central bank's net capital withdrawal and tightened liquidity. Yields generally rose. The 10Y yield increase was due to better - than - expected China - US trade negotiations, stronger equity market, and tightened liquidity [1][7]. - Specifically, on May 12, the bond market weakened significantly due to better - than - expected China - US trade negotiations; on May 13, the bond market recovered as liquidity was loose; on May 14, the bond market weakened slightly as the equity market strengthened; on May 15, the bond market weakened as liquidity tightened; on May 16, the long - and short - ends of the bond market showed differentiated performance as the funding rate increased [20][21]. 3.2 Next Week's Outlook and Strategy 3.2.1 Bond Market Outlook: Liquidity May Be Disturbed by Concentrated Treasury Bond Supply and Tax Periods, but the Probability of a Significant Tightening Is Low - Fundamentals: Most production indicators declined by 0.5 - 1 percentage point, but the operating rate of automobile semi - steel tires recovered to the pre - holiday level, rising to 78.33% month - on - month. Real - estate indicators such as commercial housing sales and land transactions decreased by 9 - 31% year - on - year. Most price indices continued to fall, with a decline of 0.4 - 0.7% except for pork prices which were flat compared to last week [25][37][44]. - Supply: From May 12 - May 16, the issuance scale of interest - rate bonds decreased slightly. The issuance of treasury bonds was 5904.9 billion yuan (including 280 billion yuan of special treasury bonds), local bonds was 1972.5 billion yuan, and inter - bank certificates of deposit was 5139.9 billion yuan, a decrease of 326.49 billion yuan compared to last week. The overall issuance progress of local bonds reached 32.5% [2][58]. - Liquidity: From May 12 - May 16, the central bank's reverse repurchase had a net withdrawal of 475.1 billion yuan. Liquidity tightened this week. DR001/DR007 rose by 14BP and 10BP respectively compared to May 9. For next week, attention should be paid to the disturbance caused by the large - scale and long - term treasury bond supply [2][67]. 3.2.2 Bond Market Strategy: In the Short Term, It May Be Disturbed by Tax Periods and Supply, but the Bond Market Is Not Bearish Overall - Next week, attention should be paid to: 1) The peak issuance of special treasury bonds and the accelerated implementation of new special bonds will drive the high - level supply of government bonds. The net supply in May is estimated to be about 1.9 trillion yuan. 2) The central bank will maintain liquidity, but it may be disturbed by tax periods and bond issuance. The probability of a significant tightening of liquidity is low. 3) The policy space is compressed, and the expectation of "loose money" is lowered [3][85]. - In terms of interest rates, the bond market will be volatile in the short term. The 10 - year treasury bond yield may reach a maximum of 1.8% (the level before the US announced tariffs in April), and considering a 10BP policy rate cut, 1.7% is a good point for increasing positions. For the short - end, if liquidity tightens next week, short - end interest rates may rise, and trading opportunities can be focused on [4][86]. 3.3 Next Week's Open - Market Operations and Financial Calendar - The table shows the central bank's open - market operations in the past four weeks and the forecast for the next four weeks, including reverse repurchase, MLF, and net investment (withdrawal) [87]. - The table of next week's (May 19 - May 25) capital calendar shows the expected issuance scale of local government bonds, the maturity scale of certificates of deposit, the maturity scale of reverse repurchases, and whether it is a tax - payment week or a reserve - payment week [90]. - The table of next week's financial calendar shows the release date, time, event/indicator name, and market expectation of some economic data [91].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information provided regarding the report's industry investment rating. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The bond market is expected to remain volatile in the short - term. Although there are uncertain positive factors, the duration of the bond market should be maintained. If the funding rate declines, leverage can be appropriately increased [2][7][13][14]. - The relative loosening of funds lower than expected is the current main line of interest - rate trading. However, the loosening of funds should not be a continuous reason for bulls to be optimistic about the bond market. The significant decline of the funding rate is "unrealistic" according to experience, and if the expectation of loose funds persists, a lower - than - expected situation may lead to a bond - market correction [3][4][13][14]. - To be more bullish on the bond market, the main factors should revolve around the fundamental situation and risk appetite. There are uncertainties in the fundamental situation, such as the possible recurrence of trade frictions and the lower - than - expected results of "front - loading exports" [4][14]. 3. Summaries According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 This Week's Institutional Behavior Review: What Cards Do Bond Bulls Still Have? - This week, the credit market was strong, but interest rates fluctuated upward. The 3 - year medium - and short - term notes decreased by about 5bp, while the 10 - year Treasury bonds fluctuated up by nearly 5bp, and the credit spread narrowed overall [2][13]. - The relative loosening of funds lower than expected is the current main line of interest - rate trading. The funding rate (DR007) rose from 1.50% to around 1.60% this week, which impacted short - term bonds and caused long - term bonds to fluctuate weakly. After a 10bp interest - rate cut, some lower funding rates have formed a positive carry with many credit - bond varieties, so the credit market performed relatively strongly [3][13]. 3.2 Bond Market Yield Curve and Term Spread 3.2.1 Yield Curve: Yields of Treasury Bonds and China Development Bank Bonds Generally Rose - Treasury bond yields: The 1 - year yield rose 3bp, the 3 - year yield rose 4bp, the 5 - year yield rose 8bp, the 7 - year yield rose 6bp, the 10 - year yield rose 4bp, the 15 - year yield rose 6bp, and the 30 - year yield rose 4bp. The percentile points also increased to varying degrees [17]. - China Development Bank bond yields: The 1 - year yield rose 3bp, the 3 - year yield rose 3bp, the 5 - year yield rose 6bp, the 7 - year yield rose 6bp, the 10 - year yield rose 5bp, the 15 - year yield rose 4bp, and the 30 - year yield rose 4bp. The percentile points also changed accordingly [17]. 3.2.2 Term Spread: The Inversion of Treasury Bond Yield Spreads Eased, while that of China Development Bank Bonds Deepened; Treasury Bond Spreads Widened at the Short End, and China Development Bank Bond Spreads Widened Overall - Treasury bonds: The inversion of interest - rate spreads eased, and the term spread widened at the short end and narrowed at the long end. The 1Y - DR001 interest - rate spread inversion eased by 14bp, and the 1Y - DR007 interest - rate spread inversion eased by 11bp. The 3Y - 1Y spread widened by 3bp, the 5Y - 3Y spread widened by 2bp, the 7Y - 5Y spread narrowed by 1bp, the 10Y - 7Y spread narrowed by 2bp, the 15Y - 10Y spread widened by 1bp, and the 30Y - 15Y spread narrowed by 1bp. The percentile points also changed [18]. - China Development Bank bonds: The inversion of interest - rate spreads deepened, and the term spread widened overall. The 1Y - DR001 interest - rate spread inversion deepened by 11bp, and the 1Y - DR007 interest - rate spread inversion deepened by 7bp. The 3Y - 1Y spread changed by less than 1bp, the 5Y - 3Y spread widened by 3bp, the 7Y - 5Y spread changed by less than 1bp, the 10Y - 7Y spread narrowed by 1bp, the 15Y - 10Y spread changed by less than 1bp, and the 30Y - 15Y spread widened by 1bp. The percentile points also changed [20]. 3.3 Bond Market Leverage and Funding Situation 3.3.1 Leverage Ratio: Maintained at 106.70% From May 12 to May 16, 2025, the leverage ratio first rose and then fell during the week. As of May 16, the leverage ratio was about 106.70%, the same as last Friday and 0.19pct lower than Monday [24]. 3.3.2 This Week's Average Daily Turnover of Pledged Repurchase was 7.1 Trillion Yuan, with an Average Daily Overnight Proportion of 88.36% The average daily repurchase turnover increased compared with last week. From May 12 to May 16, the average daily turnover of pledged repurchase was about 7.1 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.3 trillion yuan from last week. The average overnight repurchase turnover was 6.3 trillion yuan, a month - on - month increase of 0.47 trillion yuan, and the average overnight trading proportion was 88.36%, a month - on - month increase of 2.57pct [29][34]. 3.3.3 Funding Situation: Banks' Fund Lending First Rose and then Fell From May 12 to May 16, the net lending of bank - related funds first rose and then fell. On May 16, the net lending of large - scale and policy banks was 3.24 trillion yuan; joint - stock banks, city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks had an average daily net borrowing of 0.05 trillion yuan, and on May 16, the net borrowing was 0.2 trillion yuan. The net lending of the banking system was 3.05 trillion yuan. The main fund - borrowing party was funds, and the lending of money - market funds first decreased and then increased [35]. 3.4 Duration of Medium - and Long - Term Bond Funds 3.4.1 The Median Duration Decreased to 2.73 Years This week (from May 12 to May 16), the median duration of medium - and long - term bond funds was 2.73 years (de - leveraged) and 2.95 years (including leverage). On May 16, the median duration (de - leveraged) was 2.73 years, a decrease of 0.05 years from last Friday; the median duration (including leverage) was 2.95 years, a decrease of 0.01 years from last Friday [48]. 3.4.2 The Duration of Interest - Rate Bond Funds Rose to 3.90 Years In terms of different types of bond funds, the median duration of interest - rate bond funds (including leverage) rose to 3.90 years, an increase of 0.12 years from last Friday; the median duration of credit - bond funds (including leverage) decreased to 2.64 years, a decrease of 0.03 years from last Friday. The median duration of interest - rate bond funds (de - leveraged) was 3.35 years, a decrease of 0.02 years from last Friday; the median duration of credit - bond funds (de - leveraged) was 2.55 years, a decrease of 0.02 years from last Friday [52]. 3.5 Comparison of Category Strategies 3.5.1 Sino - US Interest - Rate Spread: The Overall Inversion Deepened The inversion of the Sino - US Treasury - bond spread deepened overall. The 1 - year spread inversion deepened by 5bp, the 2 - year by 5bp, the 3 - year by 6bp, the 5 - year spread inversion eased by 2bp, the 7 - year spread changed by less than 1bp, the 10 - year spread inversion deepened by 2bp, and the 30 - year spread inversion deepened by 2bp [54]. 3.5.2 Implied Tax Rate: The Short - End Narrowed, and the Long - End Widened As of May 16, the spread between China Development Bank bonds and Treasury bonds changed by less than 1bp for the 1 - year, narrowed by 1bp for the 3 - year, narrowed by 2bp for the 5 - year, changed by less than 1bp for the 7 - year, changed by less than 1bp for the 10 - year, narrowed by 1bp for the 15 - year, and widened by 1bp for the 30 - year [58]. 3.6 Changes in Bond - Lending Balances - On May 16, the concentration trend of lending for the active 10 - year China Development Bank bonds rose, while that for the active 10 - year Treasury bonds, the second - active 10 - year Treasury bonds, the second - active 10 - year China Development Bank bonds, and the active 30 - year Treasury bonds declined [60]. - In terms of institutions, the lending balance of securities companies increased, while that of large - scale and small - and medium - sized banks decreased [61].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Stock Index: Neutral [1] - Treasury Bonds: Bearish [1] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The internal policy drive is the main theme for stock indices in 2025. A series of policies are beneficial for enterprises to repair their balance sheets, promote the stable development of the real - economy, and steadily increase stock market valuations [1]. - The bond market previously relied on expectations of monetary policy and weak fundamentals due to tariffs. However, with the implementation of a package of measures and the Sino - US joint statement on tariff cuts, the bond market is expected to run bearishly, and the yield curve is expected to steepen [2]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Research Views - **Stock Index**: On May 15, the A - share market generally declined, with the Wind All - A down 1.14% and a trading volume of 1.19 trillion yuan. Credit demand in April was weak, with cumulative new RMB loans of 10.06 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 2.86%, and M2 year - on - year growth of 8%. The Sino - US joint statement laid a good foundation for further trade negotiations. The central bank announced reserve requirement ratio and interest rate cuts, and the financial regulatory authority will promote long - term capital to enter the market. The CSRC will optimize the fee model of active equity funds. In the first quarter, the decline in the revenue growth rate of A - share listed companies narrowed for three consecutive quarters, net profit increased by about 4% year - on - year, and ROE is in the bottoming - out stage [1]. - **Treasury Bonds**: Treasury bond futures closed with mixed performance. The central bank conducted 645 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations, with a net withdrawal of 2.191 billion yuan. The bond market's previous support factors have changed. After the implementation of policies and the Sino - US tariff cut agreement, the bond market is expected to run bearishly, and the yield curve is expected to steepen [1][2]. 3.2 Daily Price Changes - **Stock Index Futures**: On May 15, IH decreased by 0.53%, IF by 0.89%, IC by 1.31%, and IM by 1.56% compared to May 14 [3]. - **Stock Indices**: On May 15, the Shanghai Composite 50 decreased by 0.49%, the CSI 300 by 0.91%, the CSI 500 by 1.45%, and the CSI 1000 by 1.68% compared to May 14 [3]. - **Treasury Bond Futures**: On May 15, TS decreased by 0.02%, TF by 0.02%, T increased by 0.02%, and TL increased by 0.15% compared to May 14 [3]. - **Treasury Bond Yields**: On May 15, the yields of 2 - year, 5 - year, 10 - year, and 30 - year treasury bonds changed by 1.32, 1.19, - 0.43, and - 0.65 respectively compared to May 14 [3]. 3.3 Market News - The People's Bank of China, the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission, and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority plan to enrich the product types of the "Swap Connect". They will extend the contract term of interest rate swaps to 30 years and launch interest rate swap contracts based on the LPR [5]. 3.4 Chart Analysis - **Stock Index Futures**: The report provides trend charts of IH, IF, IM, IC main contracts, and the corresponding basis trend charts [7][8][10][11]. - **Treasury Bond Futures**: The report provides trend charts of treasury bond futures main contracts, treasury bond yields, basis, inter - period spreads, cross - variety spreads, and capital interest rate charts [14][16][17][18]. - **Exchange Rates**: The report provides charts of the central parity rate of the US dollar, euro against the RMB, forward exchange rates, the US dollar index, and exchange rates between major currencies [21][22][23][25][26]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint indicates that the bond futures market is experiencing a rise, with the 30-year main contract increasing by 0.24%, while interbank major interest rate bond yields are rebounding [1] - The recent reserve requirement ratio (RRR) cut has taken effect, stabilizing liquidity rather than further easing, primarily due to the central bank's continuous net withdrawal and a higher government bond payment volume, which offset some of the RRR cut effects [1] - In the short term, attention should be paid to marginal changes in the funding environment; if the funding environment tightens, long-term yields may continue to fluctuate [1] Group 2 - The central bank has indicated that there will be future reductions in deposit rates and the Loan Prime Rate (LPR), which may lead to a further decline in yields [1] - For the year, the 10-year government bond yield is expected to fluctuate between 1.4% and 1.9%, with a core fluctuation range of 1.5% to 1.7%. The downward opportunities in the bond market are linked to interest rate cut expectations and declining funding costs [1] - The政金债券ETF (511520) has seen a net inflow of over 1.5 billion in the past 10 days, with a total scale of approximately 46.2 billion, making it the largest bond ETF in the market and suitable for clients looking to adjust duration easily [1][2]

【市场表现】 国债期货收盘多数上涨，30年期主力合约涨0.24%报119.110元，10年期主力合约涨0.02%报108.555元， 5年期主力合约跌0.03%报105.790元，2年期主力合约持平于102.294元。银行间主要利率债收益率纷纷 上行。截至发稿，30年期国债"23附息国债23"收益率上行0.4bp报1.9230%。10年期国开债"25国开05"收 益率上行0.85bp报1.7470%，10年期国债"24附息国债11"收益率上行0.70bp报1.6760%，3年期国债"25附 息国债05"收益率上行2.75bp报1.4925%，2年期国债"25附息国债06"收益率上行2.5bp报1.4575%。 【资金面】 央行公告称，5月15日以固定利率、数量招标方式开展了645亿元7天期逆回购操作，操作利率1.40%， 投标量645亿元，中标量645亿元。数据显示，当日1586亿元逆回购和1250亿元MLF到期，据此计算， 单日全口径净回笼2191亿元。存款类机构隔夜和七天质押式回购利率双双微幅上升，后者上行不足1个 bp。长期资金方面，全国和主要股份制银行一年期同业存单最新成交在1.67%附近，较上日基本 ...

Report Highlights Investment Rating No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. Core Viewpoints - The domestic economy had a good start in Q1 2025, but the foundation for economic recovery needs to be consolidated, and the external environment is complex with weakening global economic growth momentum. The economy's long - term positive trend remains unchanged [1][5]. - Monetary policy continues the moderately loose tone, with important adjustments in the intensity, rhythm of regulation, and the use of monetary policy tools. The MLF is gradually withdrawing from its policy - rate attribute [1][11]. - For the bond market, in the short term, short - end interest rates may decline due to loose liquidity, while long - term bonds may face pressure. In the medium term, the focus is on the rhythm of fiscal stimulus and overseas interest - rate cuts. Overall, the interest - rate center is expected to decline, but there may be phased adjustments [2][16]. Section Summaries Economic Situation - The Q1 2025 monetary policy report's judgment on the domestic and international economic situation follows the tone of the Politburo meeting. The domestic GDP grew 5.4% year - on - year, with simultaneous improvements in production, supply, consumption, and investment. However, external risks include trade risks, global debt risks, and financial market volatility risks [5]. - Domestically, effective demand needs further boosting, the traditional real - estate sector faces adjustment pressure, and the employment market needs continuous consolidation [6]. Monetary Policy - The overall loose monetary - policy tone continues, with the policy - intensity description changing from "adjusting at an appropriate time" to "flexibly grasping". There is an increased emphasis on stabilizing growth. In the short term, structural tools and credit supply may be the main means [7]. - The central bank will use various monetary - policy tools to maintain liquidity, with more focus on quantitative tools. The "interest rate" is removed from the tool description, and "resuming treasury - bond trading at an appropriate time" is mentioned [8]. - The report aims to balance supporting the real economy and maintaining the health of the banking system, and may guide the decline of deposit interest rates to reduce bank liabilities [10]. Incremental Information from Report Columns - MLF has gradually withdrawn from its policy - rate attribute since March 2025, and will mainly play a role in providing medium - term liquidity to the market in the future [11]. - The central bank pays attention to bond - market interest - rate risks, and may improve the system to suppress market risks and maintain interest - rate transmission efficiency [11]. - By comparing the government balance sheets of China, the US, and Japan, it shows that China's government debt is sustainable and there is still fiscal space [12]. - The inflation - control thinking has shifted, emphasizing the coordination of monetary policy with industrial and employment policies to improve the supply - demand structure and boost prices [13]. Market Outlook - For the bond market, short - end interest rates may decline due to loose liquidity in the short term, while long - term bonds may face pressure from short - term tariff negotiations and supply. If deposit interest rates are cut, it will be beneficial for the further decline of the interest - rate center. In the medium term, the focus is on the impact of fiscal stimulus and overseas interest - rate cuts [2][16].

资金流入方面，公司债ETF最新资金流入流出持平。拉长时间看，近5个交易日内有4日资金净流入，合计"吸金"3.00亿元，日均净流入达5999.28万元。 有机构认为，随着关税大降，经济数据恶化等不来了，非银债牛信仰再次动摇了。未来一个季度债市交易的核心是：1）央行何时收紧资金面；2）三个月 后，芬太尼关税有无可能降至0。 近两天资金面过于宽松，随着关税大降，前瞻性的降准降息及4月初以来的资金面明显转松变得不合时宜了。经济担忧下降后，维稳银行净息差的优先级预 计将明显提升，未来一个月资金面可能缓慢回到紧平衡状态。 银河证券认为，国债收益率曲线将走向陡峭，短端伴随央行的货币宽松更顺畅的下行，长端将面临调整压力，但调整幅度有限，债市出现年度级别调整的概 率仍然较低。 外部的不确定性的降低将冲淡固收市场的避险功能，股市预计保持较高活跃度，长端面临调整压力。中国货币政策已进入实质性宽松将有助于带动短端收益 率下行。但是基准假设下2025年中国经济仍然呈现温和复苏，通胀上行压力有限，债市出现年度级别调整的概率仍然较低。 截至2025年5月14日 10:34，国债ETF5至10年(511020)多空胶着，最新报价117.22 ...

新华财经上海5月14日电（记者杨溢仁）本周，重要会谈结果对债市表现构成了扰动，不过各机构对债 市后续走势并不悲观。 大部分受访的业内专家认为，在风浪渐起的2025年，突发利好或利空都会被快速定价，后续债市的定价 逻辑或重新聚焦基本面变化，4月信贷与经济运行数据是两张尚未揭晓的重要"答卷"，若数据不及预 期，那么债市存在修复的空间，近期跌幅较大的品种料更为受益。 债市短期快速调整 "对于债市而言，关税的超预期阶段性结果无疑对各机构的风险偏好造成影响。"一位机构交易员告诉记 者，"在关税利空一次性出清的背景下，5月12日午间，中长久期利率债便迎来了全面且显著的调整，5 年及以上期限国债收益率普遍上行了5BP至6BP。截至5月12日收盘，10年、30年期国债收益率分别达到 了1.68%、1.94%的水平。" 那么，本轮"债牛"是否将就此终结？ 记者在采访中发现，对后市持乐观态度的机构依然占据主流。 "放眼当下，债市最关心的问题是利率是否调整到位，以及长端利率的高点几何。"华西证券首席经济学 家刘郁指出，"首先，与历史定价进行比较，结合4月2日（对等关税落地前）收盘的情况——当时10 年、30年期国债活跃券的利率分别 ...

Group 1: Fixed Income Market Changes - The easing of US-China tariff tensions has led to a rapid steepening of the bond market, with limited short-term adjustment space expected [1][2] - Long-term bond yields are unlikely to fully recover from previous declines, with resistance levels identified at 1.70% for 10-year bonds and 1.95% for 30-year bonds [2][3] - The current monetary policy environment is expected to remain accommodative, with a significant amount of liquidity in the market, enhancing the attractiveness of long bonds [2][3] Group 2: Mid-term Market Outlook - The bond yield curve is anticipated to steepen during the recovery period, with short-term rates benefiting from the current liquidity conditions [3] - The market's sensitivity to trade tensions has decreased, suggesting that future fluctuations in trade policy may have limited impact on risk appetite [3][4] - Investment strategies should focus on mid to short-duration bonds, credit bonds, and leveraged strategies as the market adjusts [3][4] Group 3: Long-term Market Perspective - The narrative surrounding long-term bond yields is shifting towards a more confident outlook, with expectations for lower yield limits being revised upwards [4] - The previous strategy of "buying every dip" may reach its limits, indicating a need for a more cautious approach in bond market investments [4] - Historical trends suggest a transition towards a strategy focused on bond selection rather than timing, favoring mid to short-duration bonds with higher carry [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news highlights the collective decline in government bond futures, with the 30-year main contract dropping by 0.28% and the 10-year main contract down by 0.12% [1] - The liquidity situation shows that the 30-year government bond ETF (511130) had a turnover rate of 20.89% and a transaction volume of 1.344 billion [1] - The Federal Reserve maintained interest rates during the May meeting, with Chairman Powell expressing no urgency to cut rates due to concerns over tariffs impacting inflation and unemployment [3] Group 2 - The recent easing of external pressures and the central bank's decision to maintain a loose monetary policy are expected to support the bond market, despite ongoing domestic consumption and real estate issues [6] - The 30-year government bond yield is projected to have a pessimistic upper limit around 1.92-1.95%, with a more optimistic scenario placing it at 1.89% [7] - The 30-year government bond ETF (511130) opened lower but showed resilience as risk appetite strengthened, with the yield approaching the predicted upper limit [7]