要点 2025 年 12 月 15 日 行业研究 12 月高炉产能利用率有望低于去年同期水平 ——金属周期品高频数据周报（2025.12.8-12.14） 流动性：M1 M2 增速差在 9 月创下近 56 个月高点后，连续两个月回落。 （1）BCI 中小企业融资环境指数 2025 年 11 月值为 52.50，环比上月 +0.17%；（2）M1 和 M2 增速差与上证指数存在较强的正向相关性：M1 和 M2 增速差在 2025 年 11 月为-3.1 个百分点，环比-1.10 个百分点；（3）本 周伦敦金现价格为 4299 美元/盎司。 基建和地产链条：高炉产能利用率连续两周低于去年同期水平。（1）本周 价格变动：螺纹-0.61%、水泥价格指数+0.86%、橡胶+1.71%、焦炭 -3.29%、焦煤-0.71%、铁矿-0.63%；（2）本周全国高炉产能利用率、水 泥、沥青开工率环比-1.16pct、-0.30pct、+0.3pct。 地产竣工链条：钛白粉毛利润处于低位水平。本周钛白粉、玻璃的价格环比 分别+0.00%、+0.00%，钛白粉毛利润为-1679 元/吨，平板玻璃本周开工率 73.82%。 工业品链 ...

文字早评 2025/12/12 星期五 宏观金融类 股指 【行情资讯】 1、中央经济工作会议：灵活高效运用降准降息等多种政策工具，保持流动性充裕；推动投资止跌回稳， 适当增加中央预算内投资规模；深入整治"内卷式"竞争，持续深化资本市场投融资综合改革； 2、有市场消息称量化交易在交易所的设备将被清退，多家券商相关负责人回应：目前尚未接到具体通 知； 3、商务部：推动安世荷兰尽快派员来华； 4、LME 铜价创下纪录新高 突破每吨 11790 美元。 期指基差比例： IF 当月/下月/当季/隔季：-0.28%/-0.65%/-1.22%/-2.16%； IC 当月/下月/当季/隔季：-0.12%/-0.95%/-2.67%/-5.53%； IM 当月/下月/当季/隔季：-0.10%/-1.22%/-3.41%/-6.72%； IH 当月/下月/当季/隔季：-0.24%/-0.48%/-0.51%/-0.98%。 【策略观点】 年底部分资金兑现收益，市场面临一定的不确定性。但从大方向看，政策支持资本市场的态度未变，中 长期仍是逢低做多的思路为主。 国债 【行情资讯】 行情方面：周四，TL 主力合约收于 113.190 ...

Core Insights - The report highlights the shifting dynamics among the US, A-share, and Hong Kong markets, indicating a "seesaw" effect where one market's performance impacts the others. The first quarter saw a revaluation of Chinese assets led by DeepSeek, while the second quarter was characterized by strong performance in US stocks driven by AI leaders and capital expenditure growth [1][2] - Since late November, Hong Kong stocks have underperformed compared to US and A-shares, with the Hang Seng Index and Hang Seng Tech Index showing declines of 2.2% and 0.7% respectively, while the Shanghai Composite and US indices posted gains [2][3] - The report attributes the recent weakness of Hong Kong stocks to their sensitivity to liquidity changes and structural differences, with a notable slowdown in southbound capital inflows and external liquidity support [3][4] Market Dynamics - Southbound capital inflows have decreased significantly, with a 10-day moving average dropping from an average of 7 billion HKD to below 1 billion HKD, leading to concerns about potential fund outflows due to regulatory changes [3][4] - External liquidity has also been a concern, with active foreign capital flowing out of Hong Kong while inflows into A-shares have continued. The report notes that recent hawkish signals from the Federal Reserve have contributed to a lack of external liquidity support for Hong Kong stocks [3][4] - Despite the short-term liquidity disturbances, the report suggests that the fundamental weakness in the market has amplified negative sentiment, particularly in the context of the unique industry structure of Hong Kong stocks [4][5] Sector Analysis - The technology sector, primarily focused on internet applications in Hong Kong, faces concerns over an AI bubble, while A-shares benefit from a higher proportion of hardware-related stocks, providing stronger support [5][6] - The consumer sector in Hong Kong, particularly discretionary spending, is struggling due to weak domestic consumption recovery and a declining credit cycle, which limits its potential as a market driver [5][6] - The cyclical sector has shown some strength, particularly in metals, but its overall weight in the Hong Kong market is low, limiting its ability to provide substantial support [5][6] Future Outlook - The report anticipates that Hong Kong stocks will be more sensitive to liquidity and fundamental changes, with potential for stronger performance if the credit cycle improves and risk appetite increases [5][6] - Historical patterns indicate that Hong Kong stocks tend to outperform during periods of fundamental recovery and ample liquidity, but recent trends suggest a need to consider structural differences among the markets [6][7] - For 2026, the report emphasizes the importance of liquidity, fundamental conditions, and structural opportunities in determining market performance, with a focus on the potential for recovery in the US credit cycle and the challenges facing the Chinese credit cycle [9][10]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight (Maintain)" [2] Core Viewpoints - The report indicates that the total social financing (社融) in November increased by 2.49 trillion yuan, which is 159.7 billion yuan more than the same period last year, exceeding the consensus expectation of 2.02 trillion yuan [5][8] - The cumulative social financing for the first eleven months shows a year-on-year growth of 8.5%, maintaining the same growth rate as in October [5][8] - The report highlights a structural differentiation in financing, with trust loans, bond financing, and unendorsed bank acceptance bills showing significant year-on-year increases, while credit and government bonds experienced declines [5][9] Summary by Sections Social Financing Situation - In November, social financing increased by 2.49 trillion yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 159.7 billion yuan, surpassing expectations [5][8] - The cumulative social financing for the first eleven months shows an 8.5% year-on-year increase, consistent with October's growth rate [5][8] Credit Situation - The report notes that the credit supply is lower than in previous years, with November's new RMB loans amounting to 405.3 billion yuan, which is 116.3 billion yuan less than the same month last year [5][12] - The credit balance grew by 6.4% year-on-year, with a slight decline in growth rate compared to the previous month [12] Liquidity and Deposit Situation - The report indicates that M1 growth has slowed, while M2 and M1's differential has slightly expanded [19] - In November, RMB deposits increased by 1.4 trillion yuan, which is 760 billion yuan less than the same period last year, with a year-on-year growth rate of 7.7% [21] Investment Recommendations - The report suggests a shift in the investment logic for bank stocks from "pro-cyclical" to "weak-cyclical," indicating that during periods of economic stagnation, high dividend yields from bank stocks will remain attractive [24] - Two main investment lines are recommended: regional banks with strong certainty and large banks with high dividend yields [24]

Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the report Core View - The market generally focuses on the changes in the description of monetary policy in the Central Economic Work Conference. The meeting minutes of the People's Bank of China Party Committee's study and implementation of the Central Economic Work Conference spirit are equally important, reflecting the central bank's specific thinking on monetary policy in 2026 [1]. Summary by Directory 1. From the Meeting Minutes of the Central Bank Party Committee's Study to See Subtle Changes in Monetary Policy in 2026 - The Central Economic Work Conference is an important institutional arrangement for the Party to govern the country. After the conference, various systems and ministries will convey, study, and deploy specific work for 2026. The People's Bank of China Party Committee will also study and clarify implementation measures [1][12]. - Comparing the 2025 and 2024 meeting minutes, four main changes were found: adding "grasp the intensity, rhythm, and timing of policy implementation", which may indicate a more moderate loose - monetary - policy; changing the description of social comprehensive financing costs from "stable and gradually decreasing" in 2024 to "operating at a low level" in 2025; making the description of the RMB exchange rate more concise, showing confidence in the recent appreciation trend of the RMB; and continuing to emphasize "coordination with fiscal policy" [2][12][13]. 2. Narrow - Sense Liquidity 2.1 Central Bank Operations - Short - term liquidity: In the past week (12/8 - 12/12), the central bank's net reverse - repurchase injection was 4.7 billion yuan. As of December 12, the central bank's reverse - repurchase balance was 668.5 billion yuan, at a relatively low level [15]. - Medium - term liquidity: In December, the due amount of the central bank's outright reverse - repurchase was 140 billion yuan (including 100 billion yuan for the 3 - month and 40 billion yuan for the 6 - month). On December 5, the central bank renewed the 3 - month outright reverse - repurchase of 100 billion yuan. On December 15, it will renew the 6 - month outright reverse - repurchase of 60 billion yuan, with a net injection of 20 billion yuan [16]. 2.2 Institutional Fund Inflow and Outflow: Large Banks' Net Outflow Reaches a New High - Fund supply: On December 12, large banks' net fund outflow was 4.2 trillion yuan (flow concept), up about 100.2 billion yuan from December 5. The net outflow balance was 4.8 trillion yuan, up about 130.2 billion yuan. The net outflow balance of money funds was 1.1 trillion yuan, down about 117.7 billion yuan from December 5. The net outflow of joint - stock banks was 28.96 billion yuan, up about 285.5 billion yuan from December 5 [18]. - Fund demand: On December 12, the balance of repurchase - to - be - bought bonds in the inter - bank market was about 12.4 trillion yuan, up 646.7 billion yuan from December 5. The leverage ratio of the whole market was 107%, up 0.40 pct from December 5, and the leverage ratio of non - legal person products was 112%, up 1.17 pct from December 5 [29]. 2.3 Repurchase Market Transaction Situation: Low Liquidity Friction - Fund volume and price: In the past week, the inter - bank pledged repurchase market had a large volume and stable prices. The median daily trading volume was about 8.1 trillion yuan, up 203.9 billion yuan from December 1 - 5. The median of R001 was 1.35%, down 1bp from last week. The median spread of R001 - DR001 was 7.0bp, up 0.6bp from last week, and the median spread of GC001 - R001 was 7.2bp, up 0.8bp from last week [32]. - Fund sentiment index: The overall fund situation was loose, and the financing difficulty was low. The sentiment index was mostly below 50 [36]. 2.4 Interest Rate Swaps: Basically Flat - The 1 - year FR007 IRS interest rate was basically the same as last week. This week, the median of the 1 - year FR007 IRS was 1.54%, at the 11% quantile since 2020 [38]. 3. Government Bonds: The Net Payment Pressure of Government Bonds Will Decrease in the Next Week 3.1 Next Week's Net Payment of Government Bonds - In the past week, the net payment of government bonds was 14.8 billion yuan, with a relatively small pressure. Among them, the net repayment of treasury bonds was 69.7 billion yuan, and the net payment of local bonds was 84.5 billion yuan. In the next week, the government bonds are expected to have a net repayment of 83.9 billion yuan, including a net repayment of 119.3 billion yuan for treasury bonds and a net payment of 35.3 billion yuan for local bonds. The net repayment is highly concentrated on Monday [39]. 3.2 Current Issuance Progress of Government Bonds - As of December 12, the net financing progress of treasury bonds was 96.7%, up 0.5% in the past week, with about 221 billion yuan of remaining net financing space in 2025. Local bonds have basically completed issuance [43]. 4. Inter - Bank Certificates of Deposit: Yields Fluctuated Slightly Higher 4.1 Absolute Yields - On December 12, the SHIBOR overnight, 7 - day, 1M, 3M, 6M, 9M, and 1Y quotes were 1.28%, 1.45%, 1.53%, 1.59%, 1.62%, 1.64%, and 1.65% respectively. The yields of 1M, 3M, 6M, 9M, and 1Y inter - bank certificates of deposit of AAA - rated commercial banks were 1.62%, 1.62%, 1.64%, 1.65%, and 1.66% respectively. Except for the 1M term, which increased by 4bp compared with December 5, the quotes of other terms remained unchanged [46]. 4.2 Issuance and Stock Situation - In the past week (December 8 - 12), the total issuance of inter - bank certificates of deposit was 941.78 billion yuan. In terms of issuance terms, the proportions of 1M, 3M, 6M, 9M, and 1Y were 9%, 27%, 43%, 6%, and 15% respectively. Among them, the proportion of 3M increased by 15 pcts, while those of 1M, 6M, 9M, and 1Y decreased by 4 pcts, 1 pct, 2 pcts, and 7 pcts respectively [51]. 4.3 Relative Valuation - On December 12, the spread between the 1 - year AAA - rated inter - bank certificate of deposit yield and R007 was 15bp, at the 34% quantile since 2020. The spread between the 10 - year treasury bond yield and the 1 - year AAA - rated inter - bank certificate of deposit was 18bp, at the 40% quantile since 2020 [54].

Group 1: Overnight Rates and Liquidity - The overnight rate DR001 has reached a new low of 1.27%, breaking the previous year's lower limit of 1.30%[1] - The average overnight rate R001 decreased from 1.37% to 1.35% during the week of December 8-12[1] - The liquidity in the market remains stable, with a net withdrawal of 0.8 trillion yuan in the open market for December[20] Group 2: Tax Period and Market Outlook - The upcoming tax period (December 15-17) is expected to cause some liquidity fluctuations, but the average tax payment over the past three years is around 1.32 trillion yuan, indicating manageable pressure[2] - The central bank plans to conduct a net injection of 200 billion yuan through a 6-month reverse repurchase agreement on December 15, which may alleviate some liquidity pressure[2] Group 3: Open Market Operations - From December 15-19, a total of 7.485 trillion yuan will mature in the open market, with 6.685 trillion yuan from reverse repos, which is relatively low compared to the median of 10.21 trillion yuan for 2025[3] - The government bond net payment is projected to be -839 billion yuan for the same period, primarily due to the deferral of 1.96 trillion yuan in bonds to the following week[5] Group 4: Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The weighted issuance rate for interbank certificates of deposit rose to 1.65%, an increase of 1.3 basis points from the previous week[6] - The total issuance of interbank certificates of deposit was 940.9 billion yuan, resulting in a net financing of -120.5 billion yuan during December 8-12[6]

中金点睛"本周精选"栏目将带您回顾本周深受读者欢迎的研究报告。 01 中金研究 CICC Research 联合解读中央经济工作会议 >>点击图片查看全文<< 中央经济工作会议12月10日至11日在北京举行[1]。本次会议客观分析了中国经济面临的发展形势，不回避困难挑战，我们认为会议突 出问题导向、目标非常清晰，直接回应了市场和社会对消费、投资、房地产、企业账款、市场竞争秩序等一系列热点问题的广泛关切。 在政策工具的选择上，本次会议体现出更加注重质效的导向、工具的选择范围也更丰富。明年的政策取向是"稳中求进、提质增效"。其 中"提质增效"是今年的新要求，或意味着明年宏观政策会更加注重落地的效果，而不是仅强调总量扩张。我们在年度展望报告《"增 减"之间》[2]中也强调了2026年可能呈现总量政策适度加力，结构方面"增减"和"供需"同时发力以实现合理增长的观点。 2025.12.12 | 中金研究 02 宏观 Macroeconomy 适度加力，增减并行——12月政治局会议点评 >>点击图片查看全文<< 中共中央政治局12月8日召开会议，分析研究2026年经济工作[3]。会议强调明年经济工作要坚持"稳中求进、提质 ...

【导读】央行将开展6000亿元买断式逆回购操作 12月12日，央行发布消息称，为保持银行体系流动性充裕，2025年12月15日，中国人民银行将以固定数 量、利率招标、多重价位中标方式开展6000亿元买断式逆回购操作，期限为6个月（182天）。 数据显示，12月有4000亿元6个月期买断式逆回购到期。由此，央行12月15日开展6000亿元买断式逆回 购操作，意味着当月6个月期买断式逆回购加量续作，加量规模2000亿元，为6个月期买断式逆回购连续 第四个月加量续作。 此前，央行于12月5日开展10000亿元3个月期买断式逆回购，结合当月10000亿元到期量，12月3个月期 买断式逆回购为等量续作。综合来看，12月两个期限品种的买断式逆回购合计加量续作2000亿元，加量 规模较上月减少3000亿元，为央行连续第7个月通过买断式逆回购向市场注入中期流动性。 东方金诚首席宏观分析师王青分析其背后原因有三个：一是10月安排5000亿元地方政府债务结存限额， 用于化解存量债务及扩大有效投资，意味着在年底前两个月内会加发5000亿元地方债，12月政府债券发 行规模会处于较高水平。二是10月5000亿元新型政策性金融工具投放完 ...

《美联储这次"平平无奇"的降息，其实暗藏玄机》 ——连续三次降息背后，美联储为何突然"步子乱了"？分歧、政治与流动性正在重塑全球预期 real g min TOMES E 7 3 4 5 n 2 2 3 4 4 4 the first 0 1 the state t 2 30 1 the st STATE THE THE all no a s t and ans in Ship STATION the state 再看点阵图，已经不是"有分歧"，而是未来路径严重撕裂：有人把利率看到2%，也有人准备随时加息。市场一边上涨，一边心里发虚——这不是指路牌， 更像一道谜题。 真正点燃情绪的，是资产负债表操作。美联储嘴上说"不是QE"，手上却开始买短债。历史早就告诉市场：流动性一旦放出，情绪比逻辑跑得快，于是股债 齐涨、美元回落、黄金走强。 往前看，政治变量正在逼近。主席换届在即，潜在接班人立场更鸽，白宫声音更直接，美联储独立性成了新的风险点。 放在全球坐标系里，美国在摇摆，中国却更显定力。内生增长、产业升级与政策韧性，正在为中国经济提供更稳的锚。 一句话总结：这次降息不是答案，而是序章。真正的戏，还在后面。 "重点不 ...

Meme 在链上流动性不好，于是上币安现货之后流动性变好了，能买的人多了，所以给了能够出货的空间。虽然上币安现货之后也能涨，并不代表不能涨，但涨也是为了有人抄底之后更丝滑地跌…突然感觉这轮 BTC 的情况有点像了… ...