证券研究报告 | 固定收益点评 gszqdatemark 2025 11 22 年 月 日 固定收益定期 存单大幅净偿还——流动性和机构行为跟踪 资金整体平稳，价格小幅波动。或由于央行持续呵护，本周资金价格小 幅下降，本周 R001 收于 1.39%（前值 1.43%），DR001 收于 1.32% （前值 1.37%）。R007 收于 1.50%（（前值 1.49%），DR007 收于 1.44% （前值 1.47%）。DR007 与 7 天 OMO 利差收于 4.08bp。6M 国股银票 转贴利率收于 0.77%（前值 0.63%）。 OMO 净投放平稳，国库现金定存将加量续作。本周央行逆回购投放 16760 亿元，逆回购到期 11220 亿元，逆回购净投放 5540 亿元，与 上周净投放量（6262 亿元）相近。11 月 19 日央行公告，11 月 24 日 将开展 1200 亿元 1M 与 800 亿 21D 国库现金定存，加量续作 800 亿 元。 债市缺乏交易主线，债券收益率窄幅震荡。本周受海外信息影响，股 市大幅回调，但债市交易空间仍然有限，债市收益率整体呈现窄幅震 荡趋势。1 年国债收益率下行 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the report indicates that the bond market is currently experiencing a phase of adjustment and recovery, with slight increases in interest rates across various maturities following a rapid decline in rates the previous week [1][10]. - The report highlights that the fundamental data does not present a clear signal for the bond market to adjust, with demand still under pressure despite a slight recovery in CPI and PPI growth rates [2][11]. - It is noted that the adjustments in the bond market since the third quarter are primarily driven by institutional behavior rather than fundamental or liquidity factors, with a significant reduction in bond fund positions due to increased risk appetite in the equity market [3][15]. Group 2 - The recovery in the bond market since October is largely attributed to non-bank institutions replenishing their positions, while the participation of banks and other institutional investors remains limited due to profit-taking pressures and regulatory constraints [4][19]. - The report suggests that the impact of bank regulatory pressures will be more evident in the early to mid-fourth quarter, as banks prepare for asset allocation for the upcoming year [5][20]. - Overall, the report concludes that the bond market will continue to recover amidst fluctuations, with expectations for smoother declines in interest rates towards the end of the fourth quarter, particularly for the 10-year government bond yield [6][24].

Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. Core Viewpoints - The central bank's actions, including increased open - market operations and the resumption of treasury bond transactions, have contributed to a stable and slightly fluctuating capital market. Treasury bond yields have declined, and certificate of deposit yields have also decreased, while the bank - to - bank leverage ratio has slightly dropped [1][2][3]. Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Capital Market - **Funds are stable with slight fluctuations**: This week, R001 closed at 1.41% (previous value 1.38%), DR001 at 1.32% (same as the previous value), R007 at 1.49% (previous value 1.46%), and DR007 at 1.46% (previous value 1.41%). The spread between DR007 and the 7 - day OMO was 5.51bp. The 6M national - share bank bill transfer and discount rate closed at 0.20% (previous value 0.66%) [1]. - **Central bank increases open - market operations**: Facing tax period and end - of - month pressures, the central bank conducted 20680 billion yuan in reverse repurchase operations this week, with 8672 billion yuan in reverse repurchase maturities, resulting in a net reverse repurchase injection of 12008 billion yuan. Additionally, 9000 billion yuan in MLF operations were carried out, with a net injection of 2000 billion yuan, marking eight consecutive months of increased roll - overs [1]. - **Treasury bond yields decline**: On October 27, the central bank announced the resumption of open - market treasury bond transactions. This week, the 1 - year treasury bond yield dropped 8.90bp to 1.38%, the 10 - year yield fell 5.32bp to 1.80%, and the 30 - year yield decreased 6.95bp to 2.14% [1]. 2. Inter - bank Certificates of Deposit - **Yields decline**: This week, the 3M yield dropped 3.50bp to 1.56%, the 6M yield fell 4.78bp to 1.60%, and the 1Y yield decreased 4.75bp to 1.63%. The spread between the 1 - year certificate of deposit and R007 narrowed 7.49bp to 13.52bp [2]. - **Net financing slightly decreases and average issuance term shortens**: This week, the net financing of certificates of deposit was 1706 billion yuan (previous value 3454 billion yuan). The 1 - year issuance rates of state - owned banks, joint - stock banks, city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks were 1.63%, 1.64%, 1.75%, and 1.68% respectively. The weighted average issuance term was 6.9M (previous value 7.1M), with 1390 billion yuan in 3M certificates of deposit issued, 2316.5 billion yuan in 6M, and 1927.3 billion yuan in 1Y [2]. - **Next - week government bond net issuance slightly decreases and net payment turns negative**: This week, the net issuance of treasury bonds was 0 billion yuan, and local bonds had a net issuance of 1757 billion yuan, with a total government bond net issuance of 1757 billion yuan and a total net payment of 4409 billion yuan. Next week, the expected net issuance of treasury bonds is 1504 billion yuan, local bonds - 336 billion yuan, government bond net financing 1168 billion yuan, and total net payment - 599 billion yuan [2]. 3. Institutional Behavior - **Bank - to - bank leverage ratio slightly decreases**: This week, the average daily volume of pledged repurchase transactions was 6.70 trillion yuan (previous value 7.83 trillion yuan), and the average daily bank - to - bank market leverage ratio was 107.66% (previous value 109.19%) [3].

Group 1 - The report addresses how to quantify current market implied interest rate cut expectations through interest rate swap pricing and floating rate bond spread analysis, aiming to fill gaps in traditional liquidity analysis [3] - The analysis identifies four stages of interest rate cut expectations evolution since 2024, indicating a significant reversal in market expectations compared to the beginning of the year [4] - Current market pricing does not reflect further easing potential and may even imply a marginal tightening of policy, suggesting that if a rate cut signal is released in Q4, it could create a significant positive impact on the bond market due to the existing low market consensus [4] Group 2 - The report highlights three marginal changes in institutional behavior following the breach of interest rates, indicating a shift in market dynamics [6] - Fund managers have significantly reduced their duration, with the median duration of long-term bond funds dropping to 2.8 years, and net purchases of ultra-long government bonds turning negative since early September [7] - Banks have been actively buying 10-year government bonds, acting as a buffer during the recent bond market correction, while the trading volume of certain bonds has shown a rapid adjustment [8]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints - This week, the bond market was relatively stable, with interest rates first declining and then rising. Market sentiment improved in the first half of the week as the market speculated on the central bank restarting treasury bond trading, leading to a decline in interest rates and credit bond yields. In the second half of the week, influenced by factors such as China - US negotiations, there was a slight upward movement. Credit spreads fluctuated slightly overall, with long - term credit spreads rising [2]. - Since the market adjustment began in July, institutional behavior has changed. Large banks have shifted from net selling to net buying of interest - rate bonds, mainly focusing on varieties with a maturity of less than 5 years. Funds and securities firms have sold more long - term interest - rate bonds, with relatively scattered buyers. For credit bonds, the net buying of wealth management products, insurance, and other product categories has been relatively stable. State - owned banks' purchase of short - term interest - rate bonds also contributes to short - end stability. The trading volume of long - term credit bonds has significantly decreased recently. It is speculated that the inflection point of the continuous upward trend of long - term credit bond yields is approaching [3]. - Compared with the year - to - date low in early July, the yields of medium - and long - term credit bonds with a maturity of 4 years and above have increased significantly. Compared with the high point in March, the yields of credit bonds with a maturity of less than 5 years have declined by more than 10bp, and the yields of ultra - long - term credit bonds are slightly higher than the year - to - date high. Looking forward to the fourth quarter, there is limited room for a significant reduction in credit bond spreads, but the stability of the short end is highly certain [4]. - Considering the current low funding rates, weak fundamentals, and the strong volatility - resistance ability of short - term bonds, short - term bonds with a maturity of around 2 years have good investment value. Currently, the price - ratio of Tier 2 and perpetual bonds (Two - Yong Bonds) to medium - term notes has reverted to the mean, reducing their trading value. Their future performance mainly depends on interest - rate trends. If interest rates decline, there is still room for further decline. The trading volume of ultra - long - term credit bonds has decreased significantly, and the yields of some varieties have exceeded the year - to - date high, making them suitable for allocation. However, for trading - oriented institutions, especially those with less stable liability ends, the trading opportunities in the fourth quarter are limited, and it is advisable to wait appropriately. For allocation - oriented institutions, they can gradually start allocating [5]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Institutional Behavior and Point Observation 3.1.1 What are the characteristics of institutional behavior? - Since July, large banks have increased their net buying of interest - rate bonds, while funds and securities firms have increased their net selling. Large banks are more inclined to buy short - term interest - rate bonds rather than long - term ones. There is a mismatch in the maturity between the purchasing willingness of large banks and the selling willingness of funds and securities firms, which will affect the market trend. For credit bonds, the overall behavior is relatively stable. The net buying of insurance, wealth management products, and other product categories is relatively stable, while the selling of securities firms, city commercial banks, and joint - stock commercial banks is also relatively stable. Large banks' selling has decreased since July. The net buying of rural commercial banks in the secondary market of credit bonds has remained at a good level, but the overall volume is limited. Since the bond market adjustment in July, funds' demand for long - term credit bonds has weakened significantly, and they have continuously sold long - term credit bonds. Insurance's net buying of long - term credit bonds has declined to a relatively low level in recent weeks [10][14][18]. 3.1.2 Credit bond point observation - Compared with the year - to - date high on March 18, the current credit bond yields are still lower. Yields of bonds with a maturity of less than 2 years are about 30bp lower, those with a maturity of 3 - 5 years are about 20bp lower, and those with a maturity of more than 5 years are only about 5bp lower. Credit spreads are significantly lower than the high point in March, with spreads of bonds with a maturity of less than 5 years being about 20bp lower. Compared with the low point on July 7, the short - end adjustment of bonds with a maturity of 2 years and below is relatively small, while the adjustment of bonds with a maturity of more than 5 years is particularly large. The weak fundamentals and relatively loose funding rates provide a stable foundation for the short end. The relatively stable purchasing power of important buyers of credit bonds, such as insurance and wealth management products, and large banks' preference for short - term interest - rate bonds also indirectly support credit bonds [22][26][30]. 3.1.3 Investment thinking and suggestions for the portfolio - From the perspectives of the funding situation, institutional behavior, and anti - decline ability, appropriate credit risk - taking in short - term credit bonds is still worthy of attention. Currently, the volume of credit bonds with a remaining maturity of less than 3 years, a valuation of more than 2.1%, and an implicit rating of AA(2) and above exceeds 1 trillion yuan. The price - ratio of Two - Yong Bonds to medium - term notes has reverted to around 0, reducing their trading value. Their future performance depends on interest - rate trends. The yields of ultra - long - term credit bonds are close to the year - to - date high, and the trading volume has dropped to a low point. They have allocation value, and allocation - oriented institutions can gradually allocate [32][34][37]. 3.2 What to buy in credit? 3.2.1 It is recommended to focus on high - grade Two - Yong Bonds - This week, the price - ratio of AAA Two - Yong Bonds to medium - term notes has declined significantly. The price - ratio of 5 - year AAA - rated Tier 2 capital bonds to 5 - year AAA medium - term notes has dropped by more than 5bp this week. The price - ratio of short - term urban investment bonds to medium - term notes has declined significantly and is close to the year - to - date low, with relatively low cost - effectiveness. The price - ratio of long - term weak - quality urban investment bonds to medium - term notes has increased recently and is currently positive [41][43]. 3.2.2 Focus on high - coupon assets with a maturity of around 2 years - Currently, the proportion of urban investment bonds with a valuation of more than 2.2% is 38.6%, that of non - financial industrial bonds is 26.1%, and that of Two - Yong Bonds is 34.7%. Bonds with a maturity of around 2 years and a valuation of more than 2.2% have good value. For urban investment bonds, it is recommended to focus on bonds with a maturity of around 2 years issued by entities such as Xi'an High - tech Holdings Co., Ltd., Henan Airport Group Investment Co., Ltd., and Zhuhai Huafa Group Co., Ltd. For industrial bonds, it is recommended to focus on 2 - year bonds of important local state - owned real - estate enterprises and 2 - year or less bonds of non - real - estate industrial entities [45][47][49]. 3.3 Market Review: Yields Fluctuated 3.3.1 How was the market performance? - This week, credit bond yields fluctuated, with long - term yields generally rising and some bonds with a maturity of 7 years and above adjusting by more than 3bp, while short - term Two - Yong Bonds generally declined. Credit spreads showed a divergent trend, with short - term spreads decreasing significantly, and spreads of ultra - short - term bonds with a maturity of less than 1 year generally decreasing by more than 4bp. From a daily perspective, yields fluctuated upward this week, showing a V - shaped trend. Credit spreads also showed a divergent trend, with short - term spreads decreasing on Mondays and Fridays and long - term spreads widening significantly on Tuesdays and Wednesdays [51][55][56]. 3.3.2 Insurance's allocation strength declined, and funds turned to net buying - The scale of insurance companies' credit bond allocation decreased compared with the previous week. This week, the net buying scale of insurance was 8.092 billion yuan, a 36.8% decrease from the previous week. The net buying volume of ultra - long - term credit bonds with a maturity of more than 5 years was 2.204 billion yuan, with a slight increase in the增持 strength. Funds turned to net buying. This week, funds net - bought 6.331 billion yuan of credit bonds, mainly focusing on bonds with a maturity of 1 - 5 years, with an增持 scale of 11.869 billion yuan. However, they still continued to net - sell ultra - long - term bonds, selling 2.938 billion yuan this week. The scale of wealth management products remained basically the same as last week. As of September 14, the scale of bank wealth management products was 31.07 trillion yuan. The allocation strength of wealth management products was stable, and the allocation strength of other product categories increased slightly. This week, the增持 scale of wealth management products in credit bonds was 20.32 billion yuan, a 2.6% decrease from the previous week. The net buying scale of other products was 13.386 billion yuan, a 20.7% increase from the previous week [58][60][63]. 3.3.3 Transaction proportion: The proportion of transactions within 1 year remains low - The proportion of medium - and short - term transactions (within 3 years) of urban investment bonds and industrial bonds remains relatively high, and the proportion of transactions of Two - Yong Bonds with a maturity of 3 - 5 years is still not low, indicating that general credit bonds are shortening their duration, and Two - Yong Bonds still have strong trading characteristics [67].

Group 1: Liquidity and Market Behavior - The liquidity situation is tightening, with an increase in funding prices. R001 rose to 1.50% from 1.40%, and DR001 increased to 1.46% from 1.36%. R007 reached 1.52% from 1.47%, while DR007 rose to 1.51% from 1.46% [1] - The central bank has increased its fund injection, with a net injection of 562.3 billion yuan through reverse repos this week, alongside a 600 billion yuan long-term reverse repo operation [1] - The average daily trading volume of pledged repos decreased slightly to 7.16 trillion yuan from 7.49 trillion yuan, indicating a slight decline in interbank leverage [3] Group 2: Certificate of Deposit and Treasury Yield - The yield on certificates of deposit (CDs) has slightly increased, with the 3-month yield rising by 1.50 basis points to 1.58%, the 6-month yield up by 0.61 basis points to 1.64%, and the 1-year yield increasing by 0.50 basis points to 1.68% [2] - The net financing from CDs rebounded to 134.4 billion yuan from a previous -468 billion yuan, with the average issuance term extending to 6.4 months from 5.9 months [2] - The yield curve for government bonds has steepened slightly, with the 1-year treasury yield down by 1 basis point to 1.39%, while the 10-year and 30-year yields increased by 1.19 basis points to 1.88% and 1.56 basis points to 2.20%, respectively [2] Group 3: Government Bond Issuance - The net issuance of government bonds is expected to decline significantly next week, with a forecasted net issuance of -52.2 billion yuan, compared to a net issuance of 2.674 trillion yuan this week [3] - This week, the net issuance of treasury bonds was 287.1 billion yuan, while local government bonds had a net issuance of 30.9 billion yuan [3] - The total net payment for government bonds this week was 429.6 billion yuan, indicating a substantial outflow [3]

Group 1: Report Summary - The bond market was impacted by news this week. Fund redemption fees and tax exemptions for bond funds led to a rapid market adjustment in the first half of the week, followed by an interest rate recovery driven by renewed expectations of treasury bond trading [1]. - The report analyzes several issues regarding institutional behavior in the bond market, including the progress of large - bank bond sales at the end of the quarter, the differentiated market of bond varieties and maturities, and the end - game thinking of the bond market from an institutional behavior perspective [1]. Group 2: Investment Rating - The document does not provide a specific investment rating for the bond market. Group 3: Core Views - The third - quarter large - bank bond - selling progress may be only halfway through. If the market is led by large - bank bond sales, there may be an opportunity for a rebound after floating profits are realized, but the recovery in the third quarter may be weaker than in the first quarter [1][6][9]. - There is a large differentiation in the market of different bond maturities and varieties. Bonds favored by funds are being sold off, and funds are reducing their duration. In the long - term, the spread between 30 - year and 10 - year bonds may widen, and the overall market duration may decline [1][11][23]. - Technically, long - term treasury bond futures are in a downward channel, but there are short - term oversold trading opportunities. The medium - term view remains cautious [24]. Group 4: Section Summaries 4.1 Bond Market Weekly Review (2025.9.8 - 9.13) - The bond market was weak this week. Long - term bond yields reached highs, and fund redemptions raised market concerns. Interest rates first rose and then fell. As of September 12, the 10Y treasury bond yield increased by 4.10BP to 1.87% compared to September 5, and the 30Y treasury bond yield rose to 2.18% [4]. 4.2 Progress of Large - Bank Bond Sales at the End of the Quarter - The large - bank bond - selling progress in the third quarter may be only halfway through. Banks' sales of old bonds in the secondary market in September have increased, mainly long - term bonds. If estimated based on March data, there may still be more than three trillion yuan of bond sales in the future [6]. 4.3 Differentiated Market of Bond Varieties and Maturities - Since June, the spread between 5 - year policy financial bonds and treasury bonds has widened by 14BP, and the spread between 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bonds has widened by 22BP. Only the 5 - year CDB bond can achieve the least loss in the holding - period return calculation starting from early July [11][13]. - Funds are selling off bonds they prefer, and there is a difference in the net buying of new and old treasury bonds. Funds are reducing their duration, with the duration of top - performing funds decreasing more significantly [14][18]. 4.4 End - Game Thinking of the Bond Market from an Institutional Behavior Perspective - The spread between 30 - year and 10 - year bonds may widen due to potential bond - fund scale reduction. The overall market duration may decline, and the mainstream maturities may shift to 3, 5, and 7 years [23]. 4.5 Technical Analysis - Treasury bond futures are in a downward channel, but there are short - term oversold trading opportunities. In the short - term, focus on price recovery resistance levels. In the medium - term, the view remains cautious [24].

Report Summary Industry Investment Rating The document does not mention the industry investment rating. Core Viewpoint This week (from September 1st to 5th), the funds rate showed a divergence, with large - bank financing supply increasing on a daily average basis, and funds increasing leverage. The maturity of certificates of deposit decreased, and the yield - to - maturity curve of certificates of deposit steepened. In the cash bond trading, the main buyers were funds, with the net buying volume lower than last week. Funds mainly increased their holdings of 3 - 5Y interest - rate bonds, insurers increased their allocation of interest - rate bonds over 15Y, rural commercial banks turned to slightly increase their holdings, securities firms increased their positions in 3 - 7Y interest - rate bonds, and large banks bought interest - rate bonds within 5Y [4]. Summary by Section 1. Money and Fundamentals - **Open - market operations**: A total of 2273.1 billion yuan of reverse repurchases matured this week. The central bank injected 1068.4 billion yuan of reverse repurchases from Monday to Friday, and on Friday, 100 billion yuan of outright reverse repurchases were both issued and matured. The net liquidity withdrawal for the whole week was 1204.7 billion yuan [7][10]. - **Funds price**: As of September 5th, R001, R007, DR001, and DR007 were 1.36%, 1.46%, 1.32%, and 1.44% respectively, with changes of - 5.75BP, - 6.05BP, - 1.32BP, and - 7.86BP compared to August 29th, and were at the 15%, 7%, 12%, and 2% historical percentiles respectively [7][13]. - **Large - bank financing supply**: From September 1st to 5th, the total large - bank financing supply was 20.82 trillion yuan, with a maximum daily supply of 4.6 trillion yuan and an average daily supply of 4.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.32 trillion yuan compared to the previous week's daily average [7][16]. - **Pledged - repo trading volume**: The pledged - repo trading volume increased, with an average daily trading volume of 7.31 trillion yuan and a maximum daily volume of 7.95 trillion yuan, a 3.42% increase compared to the previous week's daily average. The proportion of overnight repo trading increased, with an average daily proportion of 88.4% and a maximum daily proportion of 90.2%, an increase of 2.89 percentage points compared to the previous week's daily average, and was at the 88.6% percentile as of September 5th [7][18]. 2. Certificates of Deposit and Bills - **Issuance and financing of certificates of deposit**: This week, the issuance scale of inter - bank certificates of deposit increased compared to the previous week, and the net financing amount turned positive. The total issuance was 581.7 billion yuan, an increase of 24.48 billion yuan from the previous week; the total maturity was 330.05 billion yuan, a decrease of 464.37 billion yuan from the previous week. The net financing amount was 251.65 billion yuan, an increase of 499.96 billion yuan from the previous week. Among different bank types, city commercial banks had the highest issuance scale. Among different maturities, 3M certificates of deposit had the highest issuance scale [7][22]. - **Yield - to - maturity curve of certificates of deposit**: The yield - to - maturity curve of certificates of deposit steepened. As of September 5th, the yields to maturity of 1M, 3M, 6M, 9M, and 1Y inter - bank certificates of deposit rated AAA were 1.45%, 1.55%, 1.63%, 1.66%, and 1.67% respectively, with changes of - 0.9BP, 1BP, 1.1BP, 0.45BP, and 0.5BP compared to August 29th [7][33]. - **Bill rates**: Bill rates showed a divergence. As of September 5th, the 3M state - owned straight - discount rate, 3M state - owned transfer - discount rate, 6M state - owned straight - discount rate, and 6M state - owned transfer - discount rate were 1.26%, 1.18%, 0.78%, and 0.73% respectively, with changes of 8BP, 13BP, - 4BP, and - 7BP compared to August 29th [7][35]. 3. Institutional Behavior Tracking - **Leverage ratio**: The inter - bank leverage ratio decreased slightly. As of September 5th, the total inter - bank leverage ratio in the bond market increased by 0.20 percentage points to 106.55% compared to August 29th, at the 36.8% historical percentile since 2021. The leverage ratio of broad - based funds increased slightly. As of September 5th, the leverage ratios of banks, securities firms, insurers, and broad - based funds were 103.5%, 188.3%, 128.1%, and 104.9% respectively, with changes of 0.54BP, 0.54BP, - 2.08BP, and 0.05BP compared to August 29th, and were at the 26%, 1%, 66%, and 24% historical percentiles respectively [7][37][39]. - **Duration adjustment**: Funds increased their duration, while insurers and wealth - management products decreased their duration. As of September 5th, the weighted average net - buying duration (MA = 10) of funds was 3.42 years, further recovering from - 1.96 years on August 29th, at the 70% historical percentile; the weighted average net - buying duration (MA = 10) of wealth - management products was 1.03 years, showing a decline compared to August 29th, at the 57% historical percentile; the weighted average net - buying duration (MA = 10) of rural commercial banks was - 1.62 years, showing a decline compared to August 29th, at the 22% historical percentile; the weighted average net - buying duration (MA = 10) of insurers was 12.07 years, showing a decline compared to August 29th, at the 87% historical percentile [7][44].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The seasonal characteristics and calendar effects of bond market institutional behavior are important areas of bond market microstructure research. By combining the calendar effects with the bond investment patterns of different institutions, investors can seize structural opportunities, improve investment win - rates, and enhance return levels [6][9][14]. - Among different institutions, bank wealth management is most significantly affected by seasonality, followed by commercial banks and insurance companies, while the seasonality of public funds is relatively weak [6]. 3. Summaries According to Relevant Catalogs Bank Wealth Management - **Wealth Management Scale**: The scale of bank wealth management shows a seasonal pattern of "shrinking at the end of the quarter and growing at the beginning of the quarter". Quarterly, the scale surges most significantly in the second and third quarters. Annually, the first quarter is mainly affected by the Spring Festival, and the fourth quarter enters a seasonal off - peak. Weekly, the significant scale changes are concentrated in the last week of the quarter - end month and the first week of the quarter - beginning month [16][19][20]. - **Wealth Management Bond Allocation**: The bond - allocation intensity of wealth management increases in months of large - scale growth and the year - end "pre - emptive" period. It decreases at the end of the quarter and before the Spring Festival. The months with large bond - allocation proportions are April, July, August, May, November, and October [24][25]. - **Implications for Bond Investment**: In the bond - allocation months of the second and third quarters, short - term products such as certificates of deposit, short - term financing bonds, and short - term policy - bank bonds within 1 year are the main allocation varieties. In the year - end "pre - emptive" stage, the bond - allocation term is extended. Attention should be paid to the investment opportunities of varieties that wealth management focuses on and has pricing power [28][36]. Commercial Banks - **Seasonal Patterns of Liabilities and Supervision**: The liability growth of commercial banks mainly occurs in the first half of the year, with a "good start" in the first quarter. Deposits usually grow at the end of the quarter and decline at the beginning of the quarter. Bank bond allocation is restricted by performance growth, regulatory assessment, and the seasonality of fiscal bond issuance [7][41]. - **Large Banks**: Bond - allocation increases when the deposit - loan gap is high and the supply of interest - rate bonds is large. At the end of the quarter after the large - scale supply of long - term bonds, pay attention to the opportunities of steepening the treasury bond curve through "buying short and selling long" and be vigilant about the additional adjustment pressure on long - term varieties. When the bond market is continuously adjusting, large banks may sell old bonds to realize floating profits at the end of the quarter [55][58][64]. - **Rural Commercial Banks**: Bond - allocation is large in the first quarter due to the "good start" and in the year - end pre - emptive stage. In the second half of the year, they allocate bonds evenly in non - quarter - end months. Tracking the behavior of rural commercial banks is a good leading indicator to judge whether the year - end pre - emptive market will start [65][72][75]. Insurance - **Seasonal Influencing Factors**: Insurance premium income has an obvious "good start" at the beginning of the year. In the past two years, the reduction of the预定 interest rate has led to super - seasonal growth. Some insurance companies may adjust their positions at the end of the quarter to improve solvency assessment indicators due to the "Solvency II" assessment [79][80][85]. - **Insurance Bond - Allocation Seasonality**: Bond - allocation peaks usually occur in March and December. In the past two years, due to the reduction of the预定 interest rate, there has been super - seasonal bond - allocation in August and September [89]. - **Implications for Bond Investment**: Pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread between 30 - year local bonds and treasury bonds in March. Also, focus on the opportunity of narrowing the spread between 30 - 10 - year treasury bonds after the reduction of the预定 interest rate [92][95][98]. Public Funds - **General Situation**: Public funds' bond investment follows the market and has relatively weak seasonality. However, some products and individual time points show certain seasonal characteristics [100]. - **Money Market Funds**: Affected by the end - of - quarter assessment of banks and liquidity management needs, the scale of money market funds declines at the end of the quarter and recovers slowly after the quarter. Pay attention to the opportunity of declining yields of certificates of deposit during the bond - allocation windows in mid - March, late June, and late December [4]. - **Amortized - cost - method Bond Funds**: During the open - period peak, pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread of policy - bank bonds with corresponding maturities [4][10]. - **Bond - type Funds**: The second quarter is the peak period of bond - allocation throughout the year. Pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread between 5 - year old policy - bank bonds and 2 - 5 - year secondary capital bonds. At the end of the year, there is a "pre - emptive" behavior, and attention should be paid to varieties with good trading attributes such as 10 - year China Development Bank bonds, 30 - year treasury bonds, and 5 - year secondary capital bonds [4][10].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the content. 2. Core View of the Report The report tracks the liquidity and institutional behavior in the fixed - income market. It shows that the funds remain loose, and the leverage ratio has slightly increased. The overnight fund prices have declined, while the seven - day fund prices are volatile. The central bank has injected funds to support the cross - month liquidity. The yields of certificates of deposit (CDs) have different trends, and the net financing of CDs continues to be negative with a shortened average issuance term. The net issuance of government bonds will increase next week, and the net payment will decrease. The inter - bank leverage ratio has slightly risen this week [1][2][3]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Funds - Overnight fund prices have declined, and seven - day fund prices are volatile. R001 closed at 1.42% (previous value: 1.45%), DR001 at 1.33% (previous value: 1.41%), R007 at 1.52% (previous value: 1.48%), and DR007 at 1.52% (previous value: 1.47%). The spread between DR007 and 7 - day OMO was 11.58bp. The 6M national and joint - stock bank bill transfer and discount rate closed at 0.80% (previous value: 0.59%) [1]. - The central bank injected funds to support the cross - month liquidity. This week, the central bank's reverse repurchase injection was 227.31 billion yuan, with 207.7 billion yuan maturing, resulting in a net injection of 19.61 billion yuan. MLF injection was 60 billion yuan, with 30 billion yuan maturing, resulting in a net injection of 30 billion yuan [1]. 3.2 Certificates of Deposit - The yields of CDs have different trends. The 3M yield decreased by 1.00bp to 1.54%, the 6M yield increased by 0.04bp to 1.61%, and the 1Y yield decreased by 0.50bp to 1.66%. The spread between the 1 - year CD and R007 narrowed by 3.82bp to 14.29bp [2]. - The net financing of CDs continues to be negative, and the average issuance term has shortened. This week, the net financing of CDs was - 19.47 billion yuan (previous value: - 24.55 billion yuan). The 1 - year CD issuance rates of state - owned banks, joint - stock banks, city commercial banks, and rural commercial banks were 1.67%, 1.67%, 1.71%, and 1.76% respectively, with changes of + 0bp, - 0.80bp, - 3.68bp, and + 4.40bp compared to the previous values. The weighted average issuance term this week was 6.0M (previous value: 6.5M), with 3M CDs issued at 10.5 billion yuan, 6M at 19.87 billion yuan, and 1Y at 7.17 billion yuan [2]. 3.3 Institutional Behavior - Next week, the net issuance of government bonds will increase, and the net payment will decrease. This week, the net issuance of national bonds was - 23.71 billion yuan, and that of local bonds was 24.36 billion yuan, with a total net issuance of 0.65 billion yuan and a total net payment of 19.93 billion yuan. Next week, the expected net issuance of national bonds is 11.98 billion yuan, and that of local bonds is 3.67 billion yuan, with a total net issuance of 15.65 billion yuan and a total net payment of - 0.79 billion yuan [3]. - The inter - bank leverage ratio has slightly risen this week. The average daily trading volume of pledged repurchase was 7.07 trillion yuan (previous value: 7.13 trillion yuan), and the average daily inter - bank market leverage ratio was 108.78% (previous value: 108.42%) [3].