证券研究报告|固收研究报告 [Table_Date] 2026 年 03 月 01 日 [Table_Title] 3 月信用，先止盈后布局 [Table_Title2] 2026 信用月报之三 [Table_Summary] ► 3 月初适当止盈高弹性品种，等待月底布局时机 2 月利率小幅震荡下行。期间 10 年国债利率受到机构行为力量推动，一度突破 阻力位至 1.78%；但后续缺乏增量利多，叠加月末"沪七条"地产政策带来的 情绪扰动，长端利率重回 1.80%。信用债收益率普遍下行，信用利差走势分 化，长久期品种表现更好。 展望 3 月，债市多空因素交织，市场走势不确定性上升，叠加当前信用利差已 收窄至历史偏低区间，建议月初对高弹性品种适度止盈，等待 3 月底的布局时 机。3 月影响债市的不确定因素在于：一是伊朗局势升级，避险情绪可能带动 短期内利率下行；但战争引发的输入型通胀压力或导致国内通胀预期抬升，利 率也面临上行压力。二是两会召开在即，叠加 2月 26日"沪七条"楼市新政落 地，市场对稳增长政策力度与节奏的预期或有变化。 此外，关注科创债成分券的超跌修复机会。2 月科创债 ETF 规模小幅回落，成 ...

华福证券 2026 年 03 月 01 日 固 定 收 益 中高等级信用利差大致平稳，5Y 二级债利差走扩 —— 信用利差周度跟踪 20260228 投资要点： 中高等级信用利差大致平稳，1Y 和 5Y 中低评级信用利差收敛。本周 固 定 收 益 定 期 报 告 （2 月 24 日至 2 月 28 日）在止盈情绪影响下债券市场出现调整，但周六 调休日受美伊冲突爆发影响，利率有所回落，全周来看 3Y、5Y 和 10Y 期 国开债收益率分别上行 1BP、1BP 和 2BP，1Y 和 7Y 期持平。但周六避险 情绪的升温还尚未反映在信用债市场，中高等级信用债整体也有所调整， 1Y 期 AA+及以上等级信用债收益率持平，AA 下行 1BP，AA-下行 5BP； 3Y 期各等级收益率上行 1-2BP；5Y 期 AAA 收益率持平，AA+上行 2BP， 其余等级下行 3-5BP；7Y 期 AAA 收益率上行 1BP，AA+持平，AA 下行 1BP；10Y 期各等级收益率上行 4BP。中高等级利差大致平稳，长久期品种 有所回升，而 1Y 和 5Y 低评级信用利差收敛。1Y 期 AA+及以上等级信用 利差持平，AA 级收窄 ...

Xml [Table_Page] 固定收益|周度报告 2026 年 3 月 1 日 证券研究报告 [Table_Title] 周策略图谱 债市抢跑两会行情？ [Table_Summary] 核心观点： | [分析师： Table_Author]杜渐 | | --- | | SAC 执证号：S0260526020003 | | 010-59136690 | | dujian@gf.com.cn | | 分析师： 吴棋滢 | | SAC 执证号：S0260519080003 | | SFC CE No. BQN213 | | 021-38003588 | | wuqiying@gf.com.cn | | 请注意，杜渐并非香港证券及期货事务监察委员会的注册 | 持牌人，不可在香港从事受监管活动。 [Table_ 相关研究： DocReport] 识别风险，发现价值 请务必阅读末页的免责声明 1/31 972918116公共联系人2026-03-01 18:30:00 [Table_Contacts] ⚫ 合意区间约束与技术形态指向震荡格局依然是当前市场的主要背景。 央行近期两次提及利率区间，或暗示合意区间大致在 1 ...

Group 1 - The current interest rate strategy shows certain advantages, with the value of credit bonds gradually emerging. Since 2025, the bond market has maintained low volatility, and since early 2026, it has steadily recovered, with stable liquidity. The potential for capital gains in credit bonds is relatively limited, but the certainty of interest income is more prominent, highlighting the relative advantage of interest rate strategies. Recently, credit bond sentiment has improved, and spreads have slightly recovered, with medium to short-duration varieties providing stable interest contributions while controlling net value fluctuations, thus demonstrating a favorable cost-performance ratio in the current phase [9][12][31] - In the context of continuous central bank support for liquidity, the price of funds remains relatively low, making credit bonds attractive in terms of interest income. From the current environment, credit bond investments are more suitable to return to allocation logic, with interest rate strategies as the core. The short-end arbitrage space still exists, and under the premise of controllable funding costs, medium to short-duration varieties have a relatively stable rolling income base [12][31] Group 2 - The distribution of urban investment bonds shows that Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Shandong have the largest stock sizes, with 27,995.77 billion, 22,357.20 billion, and 16,089.69 billion respectively. The head provinces are generally at a lower valuation level compared to the national average. For example, the 1-year AA-rated bonds in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are at 1.74%, below the national average of 1.75% [16][17] - The overall stock of urban investment bonds with a valuation above 2% is approximately 89,374.08 billion, with 7,252.75 billion having a remaining maturity of 3 years or less, accounting for about 8.1% of the high-yield stock. The high-yield urban investment stock is mainly concentrated in eastern provinces, while the short-duration allocable scale comes more from the central and western regions [18][19][24] Group 3 - The distribution of industrial bonds shows that high-yield resources are mainly concentrated in the real estate, non-bank financial, and construction decoration sectors. As of February 11, 2026, the stock of industrial bonds with a valuation above 2% is approximately 7.33 trillion, with a remaining maturity of 3 years or less amounting to 1.22 trillion. The industry distribution is highly concentrated, with real estate, non-bank financial, and construction decoration being the core sources of current industrial bond interest assets [31][33] - The real estate sector remains the absolute mainstay of high-yield industrial bonds, with a stock valuation above 2% reaching 1.02 trillion, of which 4,328.59 billion is allocable within 3 years. The non-bank financial sector ranks second, with a high-yield stock of approximately 940.1 billion, and 1,385 billion within 3 years, concentrated in the 2-3 year AA and AA+ levels [31][33]

Core Insights - The report emphasizes that the current market is likely to experience a divergence in expectations, moving from a long-term bullish sentiment to a more uncertain and volatile environment, making interest rate strategies more favorable [1] - The primary risk associated with interest rate strategies is default risk, which has evolved over time, particularly in the context of credit bonds [1] Group 1: Credit Bond Default Risk Reassessment - Historical default rates show that private enterprises have a higher proportion of defaults, particularly in the real estate sector, while state-owned enterprises and banks have experienced occasional unexpected risks [11] - The current landscape of industrial bonds is dominated by state-owned enterprises, with a low probability of events similar to "Yong Coal," indicating that risk industries have reached a bottom [12] - The preference for holdings in public bond funds is shifting towards state-owned enterprises, counter-cyclical industries, quality regions, and leading institutions, reflecting a low exposure to risk [12] Group 2: Market Volatility and Interest Rate Strategies - The report outlines two main strategies for navigating the anticipated market volatility in 2026: - Strategy One focuses on credit downshifting and long-duration bonds with yields above 2.5%, targeting stable liabilities and absolute returns, particularly in city investment bonds and state-owned enterprise bonds [2] - Strategy Two emphasizes high liquidity and low volatility bonds with yields above 2.0%, aimed at defensive allocations in strong regions and leading enterprises [2] Group 3: Market Dynamics and Economic Indicators - The report notes that the lack of sufficient negative factors, combined with a weak economic recovery and unchanged monetary policy, suggests that the market will likely remain in a state of fluctuation [2] - The report highlights that while there is some room for interest rate cuts, the timing will depend on the verification of increasing economic recovery pressures [2] - The bond market is currently constrained within a range, leading to a higher probability of volatility [2]

Key Points - The report indicates that there is still potential for credit spread compression, particularly in the context of different bond types and their excess spreads compared to similar maturity and rating bonds [1][3][35] - As of January 30, 2026, the excess spreads for 3Y AAA-rated bank subordinated bonds, perpetual bonds, and industrial bonds are 6.1BP, 6.6BP, and 11.0BP, respectively, which are at the 92%, 79%, and 44% percentiles since early 2025 [1][3][35] - The report suggests that the selection of bonds based on value for money ranks as follows: bank subordinated bonds > perpetual bonds > urban investment bonds > industrial bonds [1][35] Credit Strategy Review for January 2026 - The yield of bank subordinated bonds has significantly decreased, and the excess spreads remain high, indicating potential for further compression [3][6] - The report notes that the 3Y AA+ urban investment bond yield decreased by 9BP, with the yield at the end of January 2026 being 1.91% [11] - Factors contributing to the decline in credit bond yields include limited corporate financing demand, stable credit issuance, and a loose funding environment [11][14] Performance of Different Credit Strategies - In January 2026, the performance of various credit strategies ranked as follows: duration extension > barbell strategy > 3Y bullet strategy > short-end sinking [15] - The returns for the duration extension strategy for urban investment bonds, industrial bonds, bank subordinated bonds, and perpetual bonds were 0.65%, 0.85%, 0.76%, and 0.82%, respectively [15][18] - The report highlights that the short-end sinking strategy yielded returns of 0.16%-0.19% across different bond types, although its performance was generally average [17][18] Outlook for February 2026 - The report anticipates that the overall funding environment will remain tight, with a weak recovery in the fundamentals [35] - It is expected that the central bank's operations will lead to a decrease in funding rates, potentially resulting in a further decline in long-term bond yields by 5-10BP in Q1 2026 [35] - The report emphasizes that the credit spread compression trend is likely to continue, with a focus on the performance of various bond types [35]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The report discusses the structural changes in the financial markets, particularly focusing on the bond market and asset pricing logic in 2025, highlighting a significant shift in risk-adjusted returns across various asset classes [2][3][4]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Risk-Adjusted Returns Reversal**: In 2025, the performance of various asset classes led to a reversal in risk-adjusted returns, with cash-like assets such as short-term deposits showing a high downside risk ratio of 16.9%, becoming a safe haven. Conversely, low-volatility dividend strategies turned negative due to crowding effects and a globally high-volatility environment [2][4]. - **Decoupling of Funds and Securities**: The bond market experienced a fundamental change where the correlation between funds and securities dropped from a historical high of 0.772 to 0.047, indicating almost no relationship. This decoupling resulted in short-term bonds being constrained within their own region while long-term bonds were influenced by fiscal supply shocks and risk preferences [2][6]. - **Credit Bond Market Dynamics**: The credit bond market broke the traditional notion that high ratings equate to low risk. For instance, AAA-rated bonds and high-quality regions like Zhejiang and Jiangsu exhibited higher volatility compared to lower-rated varieties. This led to a significant divergence in Sharpe ratios within the credit bond market [2][7]. - **Investment Strategies for 2026**: The proposed strategies for 2026 include using 1-3 year credit bonds and short-term deposits as a foundation, while also investing in hard technology assets like tech ETFs. Long-term local government special bonds are suggested for hedging, creating a new core for fixed income and equity markets [4][8][9]. Other Important Insights - **Volatility in Hard Technology Assets**: Hard technology equity assets experienced over 25% annualized volatility but provided high-risk compensation, indicating a shift towards extreme defensive and offensive strategies in the market [3]. - **Sector-Specific High Sharpe Characteristics**: In the industrial bond sector, high Sharpe characteristics were primarily found in real estate and overcapacity sectors, which managed downside risks effectively despite previous negative perceptions [2][7]. - **Emerging Trends in Asset Classes**: The year 2025 marked the beginning of a layered volatility environment, moving away from simple directional bets to a more complex interplay between cash management assets and hard technology investments [3][4]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights and trends discussed in the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape in the financial markets.

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the content. 2. Core View of the Report - Recent bond market fluctuations have slowed, with credit bonds performing slightly better than interest rate bonds, mainly driven by institutional allocation behavior. Banks' asset allocation has shifted from "bond - loan resonance" to "bond - substitution for loan", and credit bonds have become a key focus. Insurance funds are increasing their allocation of medium - and long - term credit bonds due to the dominance of dividend - paying insurance during the "good start" period. The continuous net inflow of funds at the liability end of funds supports the market of credit bonds and Tier 2 capital bonds. It is suggested to focus on 5 - year AA - rated medium - and short - term notes, AAA - and AA + commercial bank perpetual bonds, and explore the structural opportunities of credit bonds [2]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalog Bank Bond - Loan Allocation: From Resonance to Substitution - Since the beginning of the year, large - scale banks' bond purchases have significantly exceeded market expectations, leading to a decline in the yields of 10 - year and 30 - year Treasury bonds. By reviewing the data from 2023 - 2025, it is found that the substitution effect of bond investment for credit lending in 2025 was more significant than in previous years. The bond - loan allocation behavior of banks can be summarized into three combination models: "strong in both bonds and loans", "weak in both bonds and loans", and "one rising while the other falling". The increase in credit bond allocation by banks has become a key way to make up for the asset gap and rebalance risk and return, and has also stabilized the credit bond market [17][21]. Insurance "Good Start" Funds Drive Credit Bond Allocation - Based on the structural characteristics of insurance premium income in 2025, the incremental demand for insurance funds to allocate credit bonds may continue to increase in 2026, with the "good start" funds being the main driving force. In 2025, the insurance industry's original insurance premium income reached 6.12 trillion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 7.4%. In 2026, dividend - paying insurance products dominated the "good start" sales, which have higher requirements for investment returns and are expected to guide insurance funds to increase their allocation of credit bonds [25]. New Features of Insurance Allocation: The Development of Dividend - Paying Insurance Benefits Medium - and Long - Term Credit Bonds - At the beginning of 2026, insurance funds showed a clear maturity preference for credit bond allocation, with medium - and long - term credit bonds becoming the core of increased allocation. In the first two weeks of January, the net purchase of medium - and long - term credit bonds by insurance institutions accounted for 84% and 94% of the total net purchase of credit bonds. The planned annual increase in holdings of this type of bonds is 39%. This change is mainly driven by the transformation of the liability side. It is expected that the trend of increasing the allocation of medium - and long - term credit bonds by insurance in February 2026 will continue [30]. Tier 2 Capital Bonds: Funds and Insurance Show a Strong Allocation Pattern - Since the beginning of 2026, in the 6 - week period, the market for 3 - to 5 - year Tier 2 capital bonds has shown a pattern of "strong allocation by funds and insurance". Fund companies and products have maintained a high level of buying, with a cumulative net purchase of 759.85 billion yuan. Insurance funds have also strengthened their allocation, with a net purchase of 422.47 billion yuan. The demand for wealth - management products has been stable, with a net purchase of 40.45 billion yuan [37]. Which is Better: Urban Investment Bonds or Industrial Bonds? Based on Historical Price - Ratio Rules - The yields of urban investment bonds and industrial bonds of the same rating and maturity are not completely comparable. Referring to historical price - ratio rules, when the yield of AAA urban investment bonds is about 2bp higher than that of the same - maturity AAA industrial bonds, and when the yield of AA + urban investment bonds is about 2bp lower than that of the same - maturity AA + industrial bonds, it is a better allocation point. Industrial bonds show greater internal differentiation, while urban investment bonds have more convergent pricing. Different rating and maturity bonds have different allocation recommendations based on historical quantiles [40]. Variety Allocation Strategy: Explore Industrial Spreads and Focus on Interest Rate Defense - Considering the current spread quantiles, valuation levels, and market rotation rhythm, the recommended priority for next - week's credit bond allocation is: 5 - year AA - rated medium - and short - term notes > 5 - year AAA - commercial bank perpetual bonds > 5 - year AA + commercial bank perpetual bonds. The main reasons are that the 5 - year AA - rated medium - and short - term notes have obvious allocation value, the 5 - year China Development Bank bonds still have thick spread protection, and the 5 - year AAA - and AA + commercial bank perpetual bonds have room for performance due to the spread compression of medium - and long - term Tier 2 capital bonds [45].

Core Viewpoint - The overall financial environment is tightening, with rising repo rates and fluctuations in bond markets, while the central bank emphasizes the continuation of a moderately loose monetary policy to support economic growth and stabilize prices [2][8]. Domestic News - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) plans to maintain a moderately loose monetary policy, focusing on promoting stable economic growth and reasonable price recovery, while ensuring sufficient liquidity in the banking system [2]. - In 2025, China's total social logistics reached 368.2 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.1%, indicating stable logistics demand and strong support for the real economy [3]. International News - U.S. retail sales unexpectedly stagnated in December, with a month-on-month change of 0%, raising concerns about consumer spending, which is a key driver of U.S. economic growth [4]. - The New York Fed reported a significant rise in consumer debt delinquency rates, reaching 4.8%, the highest level in nearly a decade, with total household debt hitting a record high of $18.78 trillion [5]. Bond Market Dynamics - The bond market showed strong fluctuations, with the 10-year government bond yield falling below 1.80%, supported by institutional demand [9]. - On February 10, the 10-year government bond yield decreased by 0.50 basis points to 1.7950%, while the 10-year policy bank bond yield increased by 0.10 basis points to 1.9220% [10]. Credit Bonds - In the secondary market, several industrial bonds experienced significant price deviations, with some bonds dropping over 50% [11]. - Dragon Food's credit rating was downgraded from "A-" to "BBB" by a credit rating agency, maintaining a negative outlook [12]. Convertible Bonds - The convertible bond market saw a collective decline, with major indices dropping around 0.23% to 0.24%, and trading volume decreasing by 101.62 billion yuan compared to the previous trading day [22]. - Upcoming listings include Longjian Convertible Bonds, and several companies announced early redemption conditions for their convertible bonds [24].

Core Insights - The Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is positioned as a significant growth engine for high-quality development in China, with both regions expected to exceed a GDP growth rate of 5% by 2025, surpassing the national average [1] - The bond market in the Chengdu-Chongqing area is increasingly supporting the high-quality development of the regional economy, as highlighted in the recently released "2025 Bond Market Development Report" by Tianfu Credit Enhancement [1][2] Group 1: Bond Market Development - The bond market in the Chengdu-Chongqing region has shown a continuous increase in effectiveness, with the total bond stock reaching 7.15 trillion yuan, a year-on-year growth of 10.25% [2] - The issuance of industrial bonds has reached 599.5 billion yuan, focusing on the cultivation of new productive forces and the construction of a modern industrial system [2] - Innovative financial products, such as asset securitization, have made significant progress, with multiple "firsts" in the nation, effectively revitalizing existing assets [2] Group 2: Future Outlook - The report anticipates increased policy support in 2026, with a moderately loose monetary policy and a more proactive fiscal policy expected to continue [2] - The city investment bond market is expected to focus on structural adjustments, while local state-owned enterprises will accelerate their industrial transformation [2] - The functions of industrial bonds in supporting national strategies and addressing weaknesses are expected to be further strengthened [2][3] Group 3: Role of Tianfu Credit Enhancement - Tianfu Credit Enhancement aims to provide comprehensive references for government departments, market participants, and research institutions regarding the bond market in the Chengdu-Chongqing region [3] - The organization plans to leverage its expertise to support major national and provincial strategic deployments, contributing to the high-quality development of the real economy in the Chengdu-Chongqing area [3]