新华财经北京10月10日电（幸骊莎）人民银行10日开展4090亿元7天期逆回购操作，操作利率为1.40%，与此前持平；鉴于当日有6000亿元14天期逆回购到 期，公开市场实现净回笼1910亿元。 上海银行间同业拆放利率（Shibor）全线下跌。具体来看，隔夜Shibor下跌0.30BP，报1.3190%；7天Shibo下跌4.40BP，报1.4510%；14天Shibor下跌3.20BP， 报1.4940%。 上海银行间同业拆放利率（10月10日） | | | | 2025-10-10 11:00 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 期限 | Shibor(%) | 涨跌(BP) | | 中 | O/N | 1.3190 | 0.30 | | 中 | 1W | 1.4510 | 4.40 | | 11 | 2W | 1.4940 | 3.20 | | 中 | 1M | 1.5590 | 0.80 | | 1 | 3M | 1.5780 | 0.10 | | 中 | 6M | 1.6360 | 0.20 | | 1 | 9M | 1.6660 | 0.20 | | 1 | 1Y | ...

北京商报讯（记者 廖蒙）10月10日，人民银行官网发布2025年9月中央银行各项工具流动性投放情况。 其中，9月短期逆回购净投放3902亿元，买断式逆回购净投放3000亿元，公开市场国债买卖净投放0元， 中期借贷便利（MLF）净投放3000亿元，抵押补充贷款（PSL）净回笼883亿元。 ...

智通财经记者 | 杨志锦 智通财经编辑 | 王姝 除此之外，新型政策性金融工具短期内可能会带动抵押补充贷款（PSL）、社融口径下委托贷款的高 增。 三大投放载体同日成立 今年4月25日召开的中共中央政治局会议提出，创设新的结构性货币政策工具，设立新型政策性金融工 具，支持科技创新、扩大消费、稳定外贸等。5个月后，新型政策性金融工具终于落地。 "新型政策性金融工具规模共5000亿元，全部用于补充项目资本金。"国家发改委政策研究室副主任、委 新闻发言人李超9月29日在该委新闻发布会上表示，"我们正在会同有关方面，抓紧将新型政策性金融工 具资金投放到具体项目，后续将督促各地方推动项目加快开工建设，尽快形成更多实物工作量，推动扩 大有效投资，促进经济平稳健康发展。" 就在同日，三大政策性银行注册成立投放载体，并实现资金投放。国家企业信用信息公示系统显示，9 月29日国开新型政策性金融工具有限公司注册成立，经营范围为"一般项目：以自有资金从事投资活 动"。该公司注册资本为200亿元，由国开行全资持股，法定代表人为陈梦蒙（国开行副行长）。 新型政策性金融工具终于落地。 据智通财经记者整理、采访，国开行、农发行、进出口银行 ...

管涛 | 立方大家谈专栏作者 2015年"8·11"汇改之前，在相当长时间内，中国人民银行（即中国央行）通过入市收购外汇储备的方式 阻止人民币汇率过快升值。由此，外汇占款成为央行基础货币投放的主要渠道。在外汇储备持续大幅增 加的背景下，这制约了央行货币调控的自主空间。 "8·11"汇改以来，在经历了初期高烈度跨境资本流动冲击后，央行恢复汇率政策中性，逐步淡出了外汇 市场常态干预，货币投放随之转向对内信贷渠道为主。但央行货币调控与国际上的成熟做法仍有一定差 距，亟待增加短期国债供给，完善国债公开市场操作。 货币政策曾为汇率政策所绑架 央行调节境内市场流动性有对外和国内两个渠道。其中，对外渠道主要指通过外汇、黄金占款渠道吞吐 基础货币；国内渠道主要指通过国债公开市场买卖、再贴现和存款准备金率调整。全球主要央行一般通 过国内渠道进行货币数量调控，且近年来已基本取消了存款准备金率工具，保留了国债公开市场买卖和 再贴现。 国债是财政货币政策的重要结合点。国债既是财政筹资的重要手段，通过国债规模的扩张与收缩可以实 现逆周期调控，同时也是重要的金融产品，是央行实施货币调控、金融机构进行资产负债管理的重要工 具。中国先后于1 ...

2001年以来，亚洲金融危机影响逐渐消退，同时为应对互联网泡沫破灭、美国经济危机和"9·11"恐怖袭 击，美联储大幅降息、美元趋势性走弱，人民币重现升值压力，中国恢复了国际资本回流、外汇储备增 加的局面。2001~2004年，人民银行新增外汇占款与新增基础货币投放之比平均为137.4%。输入性流动 性过剩成为当时国内信贷膨胀、通货膨胀和资产泡沫的重要根源。为对冲外汇占款增加引起的货币过多 投放，人民银行提高了法定存款准备金率，并于2003年4月起开始了中央银行票据（下称"央票"）的常 态化发行，以弥补外汇对冲操作工具的不足。彼时已恢复了本币公开市场操作，只是主要工具变成了央 票、政策性金融债等。 2005年"7·21"汇改之后，人民币重归真正的有管理浮动，汇率弹性增加，加之全球主要央行为应对2008 年金融危机采取了货币"大放水"措施，加剧了中国稳汇率的压力。2005~2013年间，人民银行新增外汇 占款与新增基础货币投放之比有6个年份超过了100%，9年平均为132.5%，中国输入性流动性过剩及其 衍生的问题更加突出，外汇对冲操作的任务更加繁重。 健全央行货币调控机制，更为关键的是研究财政增发短期国债。 2 ...

Core Viewpoint - The bond market has adjusted with a steepening yield curve, and the correlation between stock and bond markets has weakened as of September. The overall bond market has returned to a fluctuating range without significant changes in the funding and economic fundamentals [1]. Group 1: Bond Market Dynamics - As of the latest data, the yields for 2-year, 5-year, 10-year, and 30-year government bonds are 1.41%, 1.62%, 1.85%, and 2.15%, reflecting changes of 0.23, -0.93, 1.35, and 1.00 basis points respectively since the end of August [1]. - The People's Bank of China (PBOC) has maintained a reasonable liquidity level, with a net injection of 3,865 billion yuan in August through various monetary policy tools [3]. - The current DR001 and DR007 rates are fluctuating around 1.4% and 1.45%, indicating a stable liquidity environment [3]. Group 2: Economic Recovery - The trade data for August shows a year-on-year export growth rate of 4.4% and an import growth rate of 1.3%, both of which have decreased by 2.8 percentage points compared to the previous month [4]. - The manufacturing PMI for August is reported at 49.40%, a slight increase of 0.1 percentage points, indicating improvements in both supply and demand sides [4]. Group 3: Central Bank Actions - There is a growing expectation for the PBOC to restart government bond trading, influenced by policy signals and changes in liquidity operations [6]. - The PBOC has been utilizing various tools for medium to long-term funding, with the balance of reverse repos increasing significantly since the end of 2024 [6]. - The necessity to restart government bond trading has increased due to the declining balance of government bonds held by the PBOC [6]. Group 4: Market Outlook - With the PBOC's active liquidity support and reduced impact from government bond issuance, significant fluctuations in the funding environment are unlikely in September, and short-term bond trends are expected to remain stable [7]. - The long-term bullish logic for the stock market remains unchanged, which continues to exert downward pressure on long-term bonds [7].

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core View of the Report On September 2, the overall liquidity remained balanced and loose; the bond market oscillated within a narrow range; the main indices of the convertible bond market declined collectively, and most convertible bond issues fell; yields on US Treasuries of various maturities generally rose, and yields on 10-year government bonds of major European economies generally increased [1]. Summary by Related Catalogs 1. Bond Market News (1) Domestic News - The "Declaration of the Council of Heads of Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Further Strengthening Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation" was released, with member states planning to strengthen cooperation in areas such as policy communication, AI research, and resource integration [3]. - The Ministry of Finance and the State Tax Administration issued a notice on tax policies for the operation and management of state-owned equity and cash proceeds transferred to enrich the social security fund, exempting VAT on certain income [4]. - The central bank announced liquidity injection data for August, with net MLF injection of 300 billion yuan, net PSL withdrawal of 160.8 billion yuan, and net open - market repurchase injection of 300 billion yuan [4]. - The National Inter - bank Funding Center and the Shanghai Clearing House optimized the general repurchase trading and clearing mechanism in the inter - bank bond market, expanding the scope of eligible collateral [5]. (2) International News - The US ISM Manufacturing PMI in August was 48.7, contracting for the sixth consecutive month. New orders expanded, while output declined, and employment remained weak [6]. (3) Commodities - International crude oil and natural gas prices rose. WTI October crude futures rose 2.47% to $65.59/barrel, Brent November crude futures rose 1.45% to $69.14/barrel, COMEX December gold futures rose 2.42% to $3601/ounce, and NYMEX natural gas prices rose 0.27% to $2.990/ounce [7]. 2. Liquidity (1) Open Market Operations On September 2, the central bank conducted 255.7 billion yuan of 7 - day reverse repurchase operations at a fixed rate. With 405.8 billion yuan of reverse repurchases maturing, the net withdrawal of funds was 150.1 billion yuan [9]. (2) Funding Rates Despite two consecutive days of net withdrawal by the central bank, the overall liquidity remained balanced and loose. DR001 rose 0.19bp to 1.314%, and DR007 fell 0.79bp to 1.438% [10]. 3. Bond Market Dynamics (1) Interest - Rate Bonds - Yields on 10 - year Treasury bond active issue 250011 fell 0.10bp to 1.7675%, and yields on 10 - year CDB bond active issue 250215 fell 0.25bp to 1.8675% [13]. - There were no Treasury or CDB bond issuances on that day [14]. (2) Credit Bonds - Three industrial bonds and one urban investment bond had trading price deviations of over 10%. "H1 碧地 02" fell over 80%, "H1 碧地 01" fell over 75%, "H1 龙控 01" fell over 34%, and "20 永兴债 01" fell over 19% [15][16]. - Multiple credit events occurred, including debt restructuring of Kaisa Group, legal disputes of Rongqiao Group, cancellation of bond issuances by some companies, rating adjustments of some companies, and bankruptcy reorganization of some subsidiaries [18]. 4. Equity and Convertible Bond Market (1) Equity and Convertible Bond Indices - The three major A - share indices fell, with the Shanghai Composite Index, Shenzhen Component Index, and ChiNext Index down 0.45%, 2.14%, and 2.85% respectively, and the total trading volume was 2.91 trillion yuan. Most Shenwan primary industries declined [19]. - The main convertible bond indices fell collectively. The CSI Convertible Bond Index, Shanghai Convertible Bond Index, and Shenzhen Convertible Bond Index fell 0.88%, 0.71%, and 1.14% respectively. The trading volume of the convertible bond market was 105.714 billion yuan, an increase of 14.611 billion yuan from the previous trading day [19]. (2) Convertible Bond Tracking - Some convertible bonds announced changes in conversion prices, including Huayang Convertible Bond's downward adjustment, Baichang Convertible Bond's decision not to adjust, and Zhekuang Convertible Bond's expected trigger of downward adjustment conditions. Some convertible bonds were expected to trigger early redemption conditions [23]. 5. Overseas Bond Market (1) US Bond Market - Yields on US Treasuries of various maturities generally rose, with the 2 - year yield up 7bp to 3.69% and the 10 - year yield up 5bp to 4.28%. The yield spread between 2 - year and 10 - year US Treasuries narrowed by 2bp to 62bp, and the spread between 5 - year and 30 - year US Treasuries narrowed by 2bp to 123bp. The 10 - year TIPS break - even inflation rate remained unchanged at 2.41% [24][25][26]. (2) European Bond Market - Yields on 10 - year government bonds of major European economies generally rose, with Germany's up 4bp to 2.79%, France's up 5bp, Italy's up 7bp, Spain's up 5bp, and the UK's up 4bp [27]. (3) Daily Price Changes of Chinese - Issued US Dollar Bonds - Some Chinese - issued US dollar bonds had price increases, such as those of the Chinese government, Sunac China, and Country Garden. Some had price decreases, such as those of Agile Group, Lenovo Group, and Pinduoduo [29].

Market Overview - The three major indices in the A-share market showed mixed performance, with the Shanghai Composite Index down by 1.16% and trading volume shrinking to less than 2.4 trillion yuan [1] - The margin trading balance also decreased by over 8.5 billion yuan, indicating a potential cooling of market risk appetite in the short term [1] Monetary Policy - In August, the People's Bank of China (PBOC) implemented significant liquidity injections, with a net injection of 300 billion yuan through Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF) and a net withdrawal of 160.8 billion yuan through Pledged Supplementary Lending (PSL) [2] - The PBOC's actions reflect a stance of "moderate easing" in monetary policy, aimed at maintaining ample liquidity in the banking system and supporting credit expansion [2] Tax Policy - The Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration announced tax exemptions to support the transfer of state-owned equity and cash income to the social security fund, effective from April 1, 2024 [2][3] - These tax incentives are designed to lower operational costs for the receiving entities and enhance the long-term efficiency and profitability of the social security fund [3] Market Performance - As of September 3, the A-share market saw a decline in the Shanghai Composite Index and Shenzhen Component Index, while the ChiNext Index experienced a slight increase of 0.95% [4] - Among the sectors, only the comprehensive, communication, and electric equipment sectors saw gains, while defense, non-bank financials, and computer sectors faced significant declines [4] Fund Flow - The market turnover was recorded at 23.96 billion yuan, showing a decrease compared to the previous trading day, with the margin trading balance also declining [5]

Group 1 - The central bank's liquidity injection in August included a net MLF injection of 300 billion yuan, a net withdrawal of 160.8 billion yuan in PSL, and a net MLF injection of 300 billion yuan, with no public market treasury transactions conducted [1][3] - According to a recent report by Founder Securities, the importance of price targets has significantly increased in the new monetary policy framework, indicating a shift in focus from quantity-based targets like M2 and social financing [1][3] - A notable observation is that around the second quarter of 2024, the volatility of short-term money market interest rates represented by DR001 and DR007 is expected to decrease, suggesting that the central bank is beginning to treat short-term policy rates as a core adjustment target [1][3] Group 2 - Founder Securities also noted that the central bank's recent monetary policy reports show a clear decline in focus on quantity-based targets, emphasizing a balanced approach to the use of quantity tools [3] - Despite the de-emphasis on quantity-based targets, the central bank continues to prioritize liquidity management as a crucial tool influencing interest rate trends, indicating that it has not abandoned the use of MLF as a core liquidity management tool [3] - In response to significant fluctuations in treasury bond rates, the central bank has temporarily ceased treasury transactions and has resumed using MLF as a primary liquidity management tool [3]

Group 1 - The People's Bank of China conducted a 7-day reverse repurchase operation of 255.7 billion yuan at an interest rate of 1.40%, with a net withdrawal of 150.1 billion yuan on the day [1][10] - The Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate (Shibor) showed mixed movements, with the overnight Shibor down by 0.10 basis points to 1.3140%, and the 7-day Shibor down by 0.70 basis points to 1.4310% [1][3] - The interbank pledged repo market saw fluctuations, with the weighted average rates for DR001 and R001 rising slightly, while DR007 and R007 rates decreased [3][7] Group 2 - The funding environment on September 2 was characterized as balanced and slightly loose, with overnight rates around 1.45% and 7-day rates also near 1.45% [7][10] - The issuance of interbank certificates of deposit was reported at 119.36 billion yuan, with 72 issues on the day [7][8] - The sentiment in the primary market for certificates of deposit improved compared to the previous day, with slight increases in rates across various maturities [8][10] Group 3 - The central bank reported a net injection of 300 billion yuan through Medium-term Lending Facility (MLF) and a net withdrawal of 160.8 billion yuan through Pledged Supplementary Lending (PSL) in August [10][11] - Zheshang Bank announced a capital increase of 999.4 million yuan for its subsidiary, Zhejiang Zhiyin Financial Leasing Co., increasing its stake from 51.00% to 54.04% [10]