铂钯期货白皮书： 铂、钯基础知识介绍 华泰期货研究院 有色&新能源研究 2025.08 陈思捷 F3080232 Z0016047 师 橙 F3046665 Z0014806 封 帆 F03036024 Z0014660 王育武 F03114162 Z0022466 — 铂、钯产业链简介— 第1章 铂族金属简介 ➢ 铂族金属（英语：Platinum-group metals，简称PGMs），又称铂系金属，包括钌（Ru）、铑（Rh）、钯（Pd）、锇（Os）、铱 （Ir）、铂（Pt）六种金属元素，在元素周期表中属第5、6周期。铂族金属是典型的贵金属，其化学稳定性特别高，具有很好的抗腐蚀 和抗氧化能力，且铂可单独或与其他铂族金属联合使用，因此能够用于许多应用领域。。 铂族金属 铂（PT） 钯（Pd） 钌（Ru） 铑（Rh） 锇（Os） 铱（Ir） 铂、钯简介 ➢ 铂（Pt）和钯（Pd）同属铂族金属，是具有重要工业价值的贵金属，二者在工业领域以及首饰装饰方面都有较为广泛的应用。 •基本属性：原子序数 78，密度约 21.45 g/cm³，熔点高达 1772℃， 具有优异的化学稳定性，常温下不易被空气、水及多数酸碱腐蚀 ...

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the precious metals sector is "Positive" (maintained) [4] Core Views - The precious metals sector is experiencing fluctuations, with gold prices showing a slight decline while silver prices continue to rise. Recent data indicates that London spot gold has decreased by 0.34% to $3,335.50 per ounce, while Shanghai gold has increased by 0.66% to ¥775.80 per gram. Conversely, London spot silver has risen by 3.40% to $37.73 per ounce, and Shanghai silver has increased by 3.21% to ¥9,204 per kilogram [4][9][10] - The recent volatility in gold prices is attributed to geopolitical events and changing interest rate expectations, particularly following the conclusion of the "Putin-Trump" summit and the anticipation of potential interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve [4][5] - The report highlights that the U.S. employment market remains resilient, which may prolong the current interest rate cycle, but there is still significant policy space that could create opportunities for gold investments [5] Summary by Sections 1. Price Trends - Over the past two weeks, London spot gold has decreased by 0.34% to $3,335.50 per ounce, while Shanghai gold has increased by 0.66% to ¥775.80 per gram. London spot silver has risen by 3.40% to $37.73 per ounce, and Shanghai silver has increased by 3.21% to ¥9,204 per kilogram. Additionally, London spot palladium has decreased by 8.23% to $1,126 per ounce, while platinum has increased by 2.53% to $1,335 per ounce [9][10] 2. U.S. Economic Data and Federal Reserve Tracking - The report discusses the impact of U.S. economic data on the Federal Reserve's monetary policy, noting that July's CPI data was below expectations while PPI data exceeded expectations, creating uncertainty around potential interest rate cuts [4][5][23] 3. Positions and Trading Volume - The report provides insights into trading volumes and positions in the precious metals market, indicating a decline in holdings for both gold and silver on the Shanghai exchange [4][9][10] 4. Domestic and International Price Differences and Gold Benchmark Ratios - The report notes that the domestic gold price difference compared to international prices has increased, indicating a shift in market dynamics [56] 5. Futures Basis Situation - As of the latest data, the international gold basis (spot-futures) has increased by $22.95 to -$46.20 per ounce, while the domestic gold basis has risen by ¥0.83 to -¥2.71 per gram [63]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The listing of platinum and palladium futures and options meets the hard - demand of China's platinum and palladium industry, and is significant for the futures market to serve China's green development strategy and improve the global pricing mechanism of platinum and palladium [2]. - The price curves of platinum and palladium reflect the comprehensive game of automobile technology iteration, supply shocks, and macro - sentiment. The future price difference between them depends on fuel cell penetration, mine supply recovery speed, and the expansion rhythm of the recycling system [66][71]. - Gold acts as a "ballast stone" in asset allocation, while platinum is a high - elasticity gaming chip for the automotive industry and hydrogen economy [74]. Summary According to the Directory 1. Platinum and Palladium Concept and Industry Chain Overview - **Concept and Characteristics** - Platinum is a silver - white, high - density, ductile, and chemically stable precious metal with high melting and boiling points, excellent catalytic performance, and strong corrosion resistance. It is used in electronics, automotive catalysts, jewelry, etc. [6][10] - Palladium is also a platinum - group metal, with lower density than platinum, excellent ductility, and chemical stability. It has unique strong hydrogen - absorption ability and is mainly used in automotive catalysts (especially for gasoline vehicles), electronics, etc. [11][14] - **Industry Chain Characteristics** - Supply: Platinum has an Russia - South Africa duopoly supply pattern, while palladium is dominated by South Africa. Platinum mining has high costs due to deep - mining, while palladium is a by - product of nickel mining with lower costs [20]. - Demand: Platinum has rigid jewelry demand in the Asian market, so its demand elasticity is low. Palladium has no substitutes in automotive catalysts, so its demand elasticity is high [20]. - Pain Points: The industry chain faces problems such as single - origin supply risk, low demand elasticity for platinum in jewelry, and high demand elasticity and low secondary - supply recovery rate for palladium [20]. - **Industry Chain Structure** - Upstream: It is mainly the supply of primary minerals from South Africa, Russia, etc. The key challenges include high - cost mining, ESG risks, and geopolitical issues [23]. - Mid - stream: It involves refining and processing, using complex hydrometallurgy. Core participants include mining giants' refineries, professional refiners, traders, and banks [25]. - Downstream: It is the manufacturing and distribution of products, with applications in automotive catalysts, jewelry, MLCCs, etc. Key manufacturers come from different industries [27]. - Recycling: Secondary supply mainly comes from waste automotive catalysts, electronic waste, etc., accounting for about 25% of platinum supply and 30% of palladium supply [34]. 2. Platinum and Palladium Supply - Demand Conditions - **Supply - side Factors** - Mineral Supply: It is highly concentrated in South Africa and Russia. Supply is affected by factors such as the COVID - 19 pandemic, power crises, and geopolitical issues, leading to significant fluctuations [37]. - Recycling Supply: It accounts for an increasing proportion, buffering supply - side fluctuations. However, the recycling volume is affected by precious - metal price fluctuations [38]. - **Demand - side Factors** - Automotive Catalysts: Palladium is the core material for gasoline - vehicle exhaust catalysts, accounting for 84% of global palladium demand in 2023. Platinum is mainly used in diesel - vehicle catalysts, with a 45% demand share in 2023. There is a substitution effect between them, but short - term substitution is limited [42]. - Industrial and Investment Demand: China is the largest platinum - demand country, using it for jewelry, chemical catalysts, and the hydrogen - energy industry. Europe is the largest palladium - demand country, with strong demand in the automotive industry. Emerging fields such as hydrogen fuel cells and 5G electronics are long - term demand growth points [43]. - **Inventory - side Factors** - Global platinum and palladium reserves have shown a trend of "first decline, then rise, and then stability" in the past 30 years. The sharp increase in 2024 is due to resource re - evaluation and large - scale resource upgrades in South Africa and Zimbabwe [48]. - **Import - Export Factors** - China's platinum - group metal resources are scarce, and the industry depends on imports. Import and export are affected by geopolitical, policy, and production - capacity factors. China encourages recycling technology R & D and hydrogen - energy industry investment to reduce import risks [51]. - Seasonal Patterns: Platinum imports peak from November to January and in September - October, and are low in February. Palladium imports peak from December to February and may have small peaks in July - August [54]. 3. Platinum and Palladium Spot and Futures Market Prices - **Futures Market Prices** - From 2011 to 2025, the futures prices of platinum and palladium can be divided into three stages. The price difference between them is mainly affected by automotive technology changes, supply - demand imbalances, and economic expectations [66]. - **Spot Market Prices** - From 2007 to 2025, the spot prices of platinum and palladium can also be divided into three stages. The price difference is mainly due to the "technology change" in automotive catalysts and the development of the recycling system [70]. - **Platinum - Gold Price Comparison** - In terms of price, gold is rarely surpassed by platinum. In terms of trend rhythm, gold shows a "step - by - step slow - bull" trend, while platinum has large fluctuations. In terms of divergence, the gold - platinum price ratio has reached a historical extreme, reflecting the dual discount of platinum [73][74]. 4. Platinum and Palladium Futures and Options Introduction - **Futures Contracts** - Platinum and palladium futures contracts have a trading unit of 1000 grams/hand, a minimum price change of 0.05 yuan/gram, a daily price limit of 4%, and a minimum margin of 5%. They use physical delivery, and the delivery months are February, April, June, August, October, and December [78]. - **Options Contracts** - Platinum and palladium options contracts are based on their respective futures contracts. They have a trading unit of 1 hand (1000 grams) of the underlying futures contract, a minimum price change of 0.05 yuan/gram, and an American - style exercise method [100].

———— 孙芳芳 投资咨询号：Z0018905 国投期货研究院 2025-08-13 未泰铂业，公司官网：https://www.valterraplatinum.com/，前身是英美资源集团 (Anglo American)旗下的英美铂业（Anglo American Platinum），2025 年 5 月 31 日英美 资源集团拆分英美铂业子公司，并将其更名为泰铂业（Valterra Platinum），继续在南非 约翰内斯堡上市，并在伦敦证券交易所二次上市。 下文梳理未泰铂业 2025 年二季度的矿及精炼金属产、销情况。 1、2025Q2 铂族金属矿产量 2025Q2 未泰铂业铂族金属（5E+金）矿产金属量同比下滑 9%至 76.9 万盎司，铂 和钯的产量分别同比下滑 17%和 10%。其中自有矿山的 PGMs（5E+金）矿产金属量同 比下滑 15%至 46.41 万盎司，外采 PGMs（5E+金）矿产金属量同比下滑 18%至 30.49 万盎司。 一、自产矿情况 【铂钯系列】未泰铂业 2025Q2 产销数据 | | | | | | | | Q2 | Q2 | | | H1 | | --- | --- ...

钯上市交易指南 张天骜 南京大学理学学士 爱尔兰都柏林大学数理金融学硕士 从业资格证：F3002734 投资咨询证：TZ0012680 电话：025-52278450 邮箱：zhangtianao@ftol.com.cn 风险提示： 新品种刚上市时市场不够成熟，因此不确定性较高，波动性较大。激进型投资者 可以考虑小仓位参与交易，稳健型投资者建议观望。行业内企业及专业投资者建 议积极进行套期保值操作，以规避短期价格大幅波动的风险。总而言之，建议投 资者保持谨慎，及时规避风险。 1. 品种简介： 钯（Palladium），元素符号 Pd，钯的原子序数为 46，相对原子质量为 106.42。 位于元素周期表中的第五周期Ⅷ族。属于铂系元素。电子层排布为 2-8-18-18。 物理性质： 钯是一种带有银白色光泽的金属，外观与铂金相似。密度为 12.023 g/cm³， 在铂族金属中密度最低，因此比铂金轻。硬度较软为 4~4.5，比铂金稍硬。有良 好的延展性和可塑性能，适合锻造、压延和拉丝。钯的熔点是铂族金属中最低的， 是 1554℃，沸点为 2970℃。导电性和导热性好。 钯具有优秀的吸氢性，块状金属钯能吸收大量氢气， ...

Summary of Chalice Mining Conference Call Company Overview - **Company**: Chalice Mining - **CEO**: Alex Dorsch, who has been with the company since 2017 and appointed Managing Director in 2018 [1][2] Industry Context - **Focus**: Development of a leading palladium, nickel, and copper project located in Western Australia (WA) [3] - **Resource Size**: The project contains 17 million ounces of PGEs, 960,000 tonnes of nickel, and 540,000 tonnes of copper [3] Key Financials and Investment Opportunity - **Investment Made**: Approximately AUD 225 million has been invested in the project since its discovery [4][20] - **Current Cash Position**: GBP 78 million in cash and listed investments [6] - **Market Valuation**: The company is currently valued at around USD 6.50 per share, with an effective cost of USD 21 per ounce of metal in the ground [7][8] - **Palladium Prices**: Palladium is priced at approximately USD 1,200 per ounce, with platinum reaching a ten-year high of USD 1,500 per ounce [7] Market Dynamics - **Palladium Demand**: 85% of the world's automobiles use palladium, predominantly sourced from Russia and South Africa [11] - **Supply Constraints**: Significant supply issues are anticipated due to curtailments in production from major suppliers, with a noted 15% drop in overall PG output from mines over the last three years [10][15] - **Market Tightness**: The palladium market is described as rapidly tightening, with demand underestimated and supply declining [12][15] Project Development and Future Plans - **Development Pathway**: The project has a straightforward development pathway with all necessary approvals underway [4][5] - **Cost Structure**: The capital hurdle for the project has been reduced to below USD 1 billion, making it more feasible to develop under current market conditions [20] - **Metallurgical Breakthrough**: A significant development was achieved in obtaining a saleable nickel concentrate through flotation, which simplifies the process and reduces costs [22][24] Exploration Potential - **Exploration Package**: Chalice holds a large exploration package of 7,000 square kilometers in WA, with ongoing drilling activities targeting new discoveries [5][28] - **Gold Exploration**: The company is also focused on gold exploration, with several promising targets identified in the Western side of WA [27][29] Conclusion - **Investment Thesis**: Chalice Mining is positioned as a unique opportunity in the palladium market, with a strong project pipeline and significant exploration potential. The company is well-supported by institutional investors and government backing, making it a compelling investment in the current commodity cycle [33][34]

Group 1: China's Platinum Group Resources Pattern 1.1 China's Platinum Group Resources are Extremely Scarce and Concentrated - In 2022, China's platinum group metal reserves were 80.9 tons, and the resource reserves have been continuously declining [1]. - China's platinum group metals are mainly distributed in Gansu, Yunnan, Hebei, Sichuan, Xinjiang, and Qinghai, with Gansu having the largest reserves of 56.3 tons, accounting for nearly 70% of the country's total [1]. - Over 80% of China's platinum and palladium ore production comes from the sulfide copper - nickel ore in Jinchuan, Gansu [1]. 1.2 China's High Dependence on Imports of Platinum Group Resources - China's platinum and palladium metal reserves are less than 0.1% of the global total, and the platinum group metal ore production is extremely low. In 2024, China produced and sold 4.9 tons of platinum and palladium metals [5]. - The import dependence on platinum and palladium resources is high. In 2024, China imported 104.1 tons of platinum under 3 tax numbers, with 83% being unforged platinum and platinum powder, and 79% through general trade [5][8]. - In 2024, China imported 28.1 tons of palladium under 3 tax numbers, with 94% being unforged palladium. The main trade methods were customs - special - regulated area logistics goods (57%) and general trade (33%) [12]. - The recycling of platinum group metals is important, but in 2023, the recycling volume declined significantly due to policy issues. In 2024, the recycling volume increased, with 11.6 tons of platinum and 20.8 tons of palladium recycled, for a total of 32.4 tons [5]. 1.3 China's Demand for Platinum Group Metals - In 2024, China consumed 64.4 tons of platinum, a year - on - year decline of 3.1%. In the automotive catalyst field, platinum consumption was 16.5 tons, a year - on - year decline of 13.6%. In the industrial field, 29.2 tons of platinum were used, a year - on - year decline of 0.7%. The glass industry became the largest end - use field for platinum in China in 2024 [17]. - In 2023, China's actual demand for palladium was 68.9 tons, a year - on - year decline of 19.4%. In 2024, palladium consumption in the automotive catalyst field decreased by 21.98% to 57.5 tons. Electronic field palladium consumption decreased slightly by 1.2% to 8.5 tons, and chemical field palladium consumption declined by 15.6% to 2.7 tons [23]. Group 2: Global Palladium Production and Recycling Forecast - In 2024, the global palladium production increased by 0.7 tons year - on - year to 25.6 tons, with a recycling ratio of 28.5%. The global palladium ore production increased by 0.6% year - on - year to 183.4 tons in 2024, and is expected to decline by 5% year - on - year to 174.8 tons in 2025 [2]. - In 2024, the palladium recycling volume decreased by only 0.6% year - on - year to 73.1 tons. In 2025, Heraeus expects the annual palladium recycling volume to increase by 5% year - on - year to 76.7 tons [2].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the content. 2. Core Views of the Report - Platinum and palladium are important members of the platinum - group metals (PGMs), with high demand in practical applications. Their resource distribution is concentrated, and the supply chain has an "oligopoly" structure, which is easily affected by various factors [1][14]. - The platinum - group metal industry chain includes upstream mining, mid - stream processing and recycling, and downstream terminal applications and investment. Each link has its own characteristics and development trends [14]. - The demand for platinum and palladium in different terminal applications varies. For example, palladium is more common in gasoline engine exhaust treatment, while platinum is superior in diesel engine exhaust catalysts. The application of platinum and palladium in emerging industries such as hydrogen energy is expected to grow [41][48]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Platinum and Palladium Variety Overview 3.1.1 Natural Properties - Platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) are silver - white metals, belonging to the platinum - group metals (PGMs) along with ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, and osmium. Platinum has a crustal content of five - hundred - millionths, and palladium has a crustal content of one - hundred - millionth [1]. - Platinum has a high melting point, good ductility, excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, high density, and is chemically inert. It is mainly used in industrial catalysts, jewelry, electronics, etc. Palladium has a relatively lower melting point, can adsorb gases like hydrogen, is corrosion - resistant, and is mainly used in the catalyst field [2][4]. 3.1.2 Distribution and Classification of Platinum - Group Resources - Platinum - group metals exist in nature in the form of natural elements and complex ores. Platinum deposits are generally related to ultramafic rocks and can be formed through magma action, hydrothermal processes, and exogenous deposition [5]. - Platinum - group metal ores can be divided into primary deposits and exogenous sand deposits. The primary deposits can be further divided into vein platinum deposits mainly composed of platinum - group metals and copper - nickel - type deposits hosted in ultrabasic rocks [5]. - Global platinum - group metal resources are mainly concentrated in five regions: South Africa's Bushveld Complex, Russia's Norilsk - Talnakh region, the US's Stillwater Complex, Zimbabwe's Great Dyke, and Canada's Sudbury [11]. 3.2 Platinum - Group Metal Industry Chain 3.2.1 Upstream Mining - The platinum - group metal supply chain has an "oligopoly" structure. Most of the raw material supply and smelting are in the hands of a few integrated mining and smelting producers [14]. - In 2024, the global PGMs resource was estimated to exceed 100,000 tons, and the reserves exceeded 81,000 tons. South Africa's PGMs reserves were 63,000 tons, accounting for nearly 80% of the global total [21]. - The production of platinum and palladium mines is facing bottlenecks due to factors such as resource oligopoly, declining ore grades, rising mining costs, and strict environmental policies. In 2024, the global palladium mine production was 190 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 8.65%, and the platinum mine production was 170 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 5.02% [25]. 3.2.2 Platinum - Group Material Supply and Recycling - Global precious metal multinational groups such as Umicore, Johnson Matthey, Heraeus, and Tanaka dominate the platinum - group metal material processing and recycling fields [30]. - As high - grade resources become scarce, secondary resources of platinum - group metals are becoming increasingly important. However, domestic recycling enterprises face fierce competition, and the supply of secondary resources is becoming increasingly tight [30]. 3.2.3 Terminal Applications - **Automotive Exhaust Catalysts**: Palladium is more common in gasoline engine exhaust treatment, while platinum is superior in diesel engine exhaust catalysts. The choice of platinum - group metals in catalysts depends on catalytic effect, cost - effectiveness, availability, and exhaust emission standards [41]. - **Jewelry**: Platinum is more suitable for high - end jewelry markets due to its high density, good ductility, and chemical stability. Palladium has limited use in jewelry due to its hardness and tendency to darken [45]. - **Other Industrial Applications**: Platinum and palladium are widely used in chemical industry, glass manufacturing, electronics, medical, hydrogen energy, and other fields. Their application in emerging industries such as hydrogen energy is expected to grow [46][48]. 3.2.4 Investment Channels - Platinum can be invested in through physical products (platinum bars, platinum coins), financial products (platinum futures contracts, platinum ETFs), and platinum - related stocks. The investment demand for platinum is increasing, especially in the context of high gold prices [50].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Platinum and palladium are important members of the platinum group metals (PGMs), with high demand in practical applications. The supply chain of PGMs is in a "pyramid" shape, and the upstream mine resources are highly concentrated. The consumption of platinum and palladium is mainly in the fields of catalysts, jewelry, and other industrial applications, and there are various investment channels [1][14]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Platinum and Palladium Variety Overview - **Natural Attributes**: Platinum and palladium are silver - white metals, belonging to PGMs and precious metals. Platinum has a crustal content of five - hundred - millionths, and palladium has a crustal content of one - hundred - millionth. Platinum is mainly used in industrial catalysts, jewelry, etc., while palladium is mainly used in the catalyst field [1][2][4]. - **Resource Distribution and Classification**: PGMs are mostly in the form of composite ores. Platinum deposits are related to ultramafic rocks and are formed through tectonic processes. PGM mines can be divided into primary and exogenous sand deposits. The main formation causes include magmatic action, magmatic hydrothermal processes, and exogenous deposition. Global PGM resources are mainly concentrated in five regions, and most of China's PGM deposits are symbiotic or associated ores [5][11]. 3.2 Platinum Group Metal Industry Chain - **Upstream**: The upstream mine resources are highly concentrated. South Africa is the main producer, accounting for nearly 80% of the global reserves. The production of platinum and palladium mines is facing bottlenecks, and the top 5 platinum producers account for 82% of the supply [21][25][26]. - **Material Supply and Recycling**: The platinum - group material industry is technology and capital - intensive. Multinational groups dominate the processing and recycling fields. In China, the recycling capacity of PGMs is expanding, but the secondary resource supply is becoming tight, and domestic enterprises face fierce competition [30]. - **Terminal Applications** - **Automotive Catalysts**: Platinum and palladium are mainly used as catalysts in automobile exhaust purification. Platinum has better performance in diesel engines, while palladium is more commonly used in gasoline engines [32][35][41]. - **Jewelry**: Platinum is suitable for high - end jewelry due to its high density, good ductility, and stability. Palladium is less used in jewelry due to its processing difficulty and color change [45]. - **Other Industrial Applications**: In the chemical, glass, electronics, medical, and hydrogen energy industries, platinum and palladium play important roles as catalysts or materials [46][47][48]. - **Investment Channels**: Platinum investment includes physical investment (platinum bars and coins), platinum accumulation plans (PAP), platinum ETFs, futures, forwards, and indirect investment through stocks [50].

Investment Rating - Investment rating: Positive (maintained) [5] Core Viewpoints - The precious metals sector is experiencing a narrow fluctuation in gold prices while silver continues to rise. Over the past two weeks, London spot gold increased by 0.70% to $3355.10 per ounce, while the Shanghai gold price slightly decreased by 0.01% to 777.02 yuan per gram. In contrast, London spot silver rose by 3.75% to $38.27 per ounce, and the Shanghai silver price increased by 3.97% to 9273 yuan per kilogram [6][12] - The recent fluctuations in gold prices are attributed to the volatility in tariff policies and interest rate cut expectations. Key factors include potential tariffs on imports announced by President Trump, the possibility of changes in the Federal Reserve's leadership, and the opening of the $9 trillion U.S. pension market to alternative investments such as cryptocurrencies and precious metals [6][7] - In the medium term, the combination of "interest rate cut trading" and "Trump 2.0" will provide strong momentum for gold price increases, supported by the recent economic data from the U.S. and the ongoing tariff negotiations [6][7] Summary by Sections 1. Price Trends - Over the last two weeks, London spot gold rose by 0.70% to $3355.10 per ounce, while the Shanghai gold price fell by 0.01% to 777.02 yuan per gram. London spot silver increased by 3.75% to $38.27 per ounce, and the Shanghai silver price rose by 3.97% to 9273 yuan per kilogram [11][12] 2. U.S. Economic Data and Federal Reserve Tracking - The U.S. job market and economic performance show resilience, with the current interest rate cut cycle potentially extended due to employment strength and inflation concerns. The Federal Reserve has significant policy space, which increases the window for bullish gold positions [7][23] 3. Positions and Trading Volume - The report indicates changes in trading volumes and positions, with specific data on COMEX and Shanghai gold and silver holdings, reflecting market dynamics [41][45] 4. Domestic and International Price Differences and Gold Benchmark Ratios - The report notes that the domestic gold price difference is 5.69 yuan per gram, a decrease of 4.13 yuan from two weeks ago, while the silver price difference is 440.20 yuan per kilogram, down by 40.03 yuan [59] 5. Futures Basis Situation - As of the last week, the international gold basis (spot-futures) was -0.40 USD per ounce, an increase of 3.70 USD from two weeks prior, while the domestic gold basis was -3.65 yuan per gram, up by 1.84 yuan [67]