美媒：美国关税可能扰乱供应链 更强烈的警示信号或将出现 中新网7月21日电 综合美媒报道，美国特朗普政府的关税政策持续引发外界关注，分析人士指出，有迹 象表明，关税的影响可能已经体现在经济报告的细节之中。这一政策可能会扰乱供应链，推高通胀，并 减缓全球经济增长。美媒指出，更强烈的警示信号可能即将出现。 据彭博社报道，从更宏观的层面来看，有迹象表明，关税的影响可能已经体现在经济报告的细节之中。 近日公布的通胀数据显示，美国6月份核心消费者价格涨幅加快，而家具和服装等易受关税影响的品类 表明，企业正开始将更高的成本转嫁给消费者。 该媒体称，更强烈的警示信号可能即将出现。汇丰银行的分析师正密切关注两大动向：一是零售销售可 能将在今年晚些时候走弱；二是当企业耗尽其在低关税时期囤积的库存商品后，价格可能出现上涨。 彭博经济研究估计，总体而言，与没有关税的情况相比，当前的关税税率将使未来两到三年内美国经济 规模缩小约1.6%。经济学家表示，消费者价格最终将上涨0.9%。 中新经纬版权所有，未经书面授权，任何单位及个人不得转载、摘编或以其它方式使用。 关注中新经纬微信公众号(微信搜索"中新经纬"或"jwview")，看更多 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content 2. Core View of the Report - Gold continues to fluctuate while silver shows relative strength. The US retail sales monthly rate increased by 0.6%, far exceeding the expected 0.1%. There were rumors that Trump considered firing Powell, which he later denied, but the Trump administration tried to influence market expectations through potential new Fed chair candidates. The US CPI rose 0.3% month - on - month and 2.7% year - on - year in June, the largest increase this year, cooling short - term rate - cut expectations. Trump postponed the tariff deadline for major trading countries, but there is a risk of the final tariff threat being partially realized. With good economic data recently, the expectation of the Fed's early rate cut has cooled, and the US dollar has stabilized and rebounded. Although the impact of the tariff policy shown by US data is smaller than feared, the subsequent impact may gradually increase. The "Big and Beautiful" bill has increased the expectation of the US fiscal deficit, and the People's Bank of China has continuously increased its gold holdings, providing long - term support for gold, but the upward movement is hesitant at high prices. Silver is boosted by industrial products and shows relative strength. Recently, it is necessary to be vigilant against the risk of Trump's threats being realized, and gold and silver may continue to show a relatively strong oscillatory performance [4]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Futures Market - **Precious Metals Futures**: For gold futures, the current prices of沪金2508 and沪金2512 are 774.60 and 779.14 respectively, with price increases of 0.64 and 0.76, and price increase rates of 0.08% and 0.10%. For silver futures, the current prices of沪银2508 and沪银2512 are 9246.00 and 9292.00 respectively, with price increases of 106.00 and price increase rates of 1.16% and 1.15%. The trading volume and open interest of each contract are also provided [2]. - **Related Indices and Assets**: The current values of the US dollar index, S&P index, US Treasury yield, Brent crude oil, and the US dollar - RMB exchange rate are 98.6419, 6297.36, 4.47, 69.65, and 7.1847 respectively, with corresponding increases of 0.36%, 0.54%, 0.22%, 0.01%, and 0.06% [2]. Spot Market - **Precious Metals Spot**: The current prices of Shanghai Gold T + D, London gold, and London silver are given, along with their price changes and price change rates. The price of Shanghai Gold T + D decreased by 1.28 with a decline rate of - 0.17%, London gold decreased by 1.24 with a decline rate of - 0.16%, and London silver increased by 0.28 with an increase rate of 0.75% [2]. - **Price Spreads**: The current values of spreads such as沪金2512 - 沪金2506,沪银2512 - 沪银2506, gold/silver (spot), Shanghai gold/London gold, and Shanghai silver/London silver are provided, as well as their previous values [2]. Inventory - The current inventories of precious metals in the Shanghai Futures Exchange, COMEX, etc. are given. The Shanghai Futures Exchange's gold inventory remains unchanged at 28,872 kilograms, the silver inventory increased by 4,296.00 kilograms to 1,217,085 kilograms. COMEX gold inventory increased by 346,352.72 ounces to 37,143,884 ounces, and COMEX silver inventory decreased by 493,426 ounces to 496,688,541 ounces [2]. Derivatives - The current positions of spdr gold ETF, SLV silver ETF, and CFTC speculators' net positions in gold and silver are provided. The spdr gold ETF and SLV silver ETF positions both increased by 1.00 ton to 44,315 tons. The CFTC speculators' net position in silver increased by 481 to 33,486, and the net position in gold decreased by 1,451 to 32,895 [2]. Macroeconomic News - The US Treasury Secretary Bentsen privately advised Trump not to fire Fed Chairman Powell, warning of economic, political, and legal consequences. Trump said he didn't need anyone to explain the pros and cons. Ukraine has invited Russia to hold a new round of negotiations this week, with the negotiation date to be determined, and Istanbul will be the location for the third direct Russia - Ukraine negotiation [3].

Group 1 - The U.S. stock market remains at historically high levels despite the pressure from tariffs, but analysts warn that investors may be underestimating the impact of trade barriers on corporate earnings [1] - The S&P 500 index is trading at an expected price-to-earnings ratio of about 22 times, close to its highest valuation level since the pandemic [1] - Bloomberg data shows that the average tariffs paid by U.S. importers have surged to over 13%, more than five times higher than last year, which could reduce corporate earnings growth by 5% or more [1] Group 2 - Even the most bullish investors are preparing for volatility, with Morgan Stanley's chief U.S. equity strategist predicting a potential market adjustment of 5%-10% due to lower-than-expected corporate guidance [2] - Current tariff levels are estimated to shrink the U.S. economy by 1.6% over the next two to three years, with consumer prices expected to rise by 0.9% [2] - The market faces a real bear market risk, with potential declines of 20% or more if earnings expectations are not met [2] Group 3 - The impact of tariffs is already evident as companies begin to report their Q2 earnings, with General Mills predicting a 1%-2% increase in sales costs and Oxford Industries lowering its annual profit forecast due to an additional $40 million in tariff costs [3] - FedEx has warned that trade policies are continuing to pressure its business, particularly in the high-margin U.S.-China freight sector, with quarterly earnings expected to fall below expectations [3] - Recent data indicates that companies are starting to pass higher costs onto consumers, particularly in tariff-sensitive categories like furniture and clothing [3] Group 4 - Despite concerns, there are optimistic voices on Wall Street, with Goldman Sachs strategists citing declining interest rates, low unemployment, and high corporate profitability as support for high valuations [4] - The recent "Big Beautiful Bill" signed by Trump has made several corporate tax cuts permanent, which could contribute 5%-7% to S&P 500 earnings growth according to Morgan Stanley's estimates [4] Group 5 - Investors initially expected more tightening measures from the Trump administration, but the stimulus effects of the recent bill have alleviated some concerns [5] - The uncertainty surrounding Trump's tariff policies remains, with significant risks of increased overall tariff levels before the August 1 deadline [5] - UBS's chief strategist emphasizes that ignoring tariffs and their inflationary effects could lead to a miscalculation, as these factors may impact disposable income and market reactions [5]

Group 1: Gold Market - Gold prices remained stable around $3354, following a 0.35% increase last Friday due to a weaker dollar and ongoing geopolitical and economic uncertainties that boosted demand for safe-haven assets [1] - The decline of the dollar index by 0.5% made gold cheaper for buyers holding other currencies, potentially increasing its appeal [1] Group 2: U.S. Dollar and Inflation - The U.S. dollar fell against the euro last Friday but maintained weekly gains as investors assessed expectations regarding Federal Reserve policies amid signs that tariffs might increase inflationary pressures [3] - Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell indicated that inflation is expected to rise this summer due to tariff policies, which delayed expectations for potential interest rate cuts [3] Group 3: Federal Reserve and Interest Rates - Federal funds futures traders anticipate a total of 46 basis points in rate cuts by the end of the year, likely consisting of two 25 basis point cuts, with the first expected in September [4] - Chicago Fed President Goolsbee expressed caution regarding the inflationary impact of tariffs but maintained that the U.S. economy is in good shape, suggesting significant rate cuts within the next 12 months [3][4] Group 4: Trade Negotiations - Ongoing trade negotiations between the U.S. and the EU are facing challenges, with the U.S. aiming for nearly comprehensive tariffs on EU goods, while the EU seeks to continue negotiations to resolve the impasse before the August 1 deadline [4] - The U.S. Treasury Secretary indicated potential for a "good agreement" with Japan, while discussions with Indonesia regarding a new trade deal are still in progress [4] Group 5: Stock Market Performance - The S&P 500 and Nasdaq indices have reached new highs in recent weeks, as investor sentiment regarding the impact of Trump's tariff threats has become more complex, with reduced fears about the potential damage to the U.S. economy [5] - This week is viewed as a critical period for assessing how Trump's economic policies will affect the broader economy, with key focus on Powell's speech and the European Central Bank's decisions [5]

Group 1: Investment Rating - No investment rating for the industry is provided in the report. Group 2: Core Views - **Macro Aspect**: The US economic growth maintains a slight increase, with some areas seeing rising prices. Fed officials' hawkish remarks suggest maintaining a moderately restrictive monetary policy. The impact of tariffs on prices is not obvious yet, and the US dollar index rebounds from a low level. The short - term disturbance may come from the uncertainty of Trump's tariff policy, and the macro is about to enter a data - silent period [3]. - **Fundamental Aspect**: The shortage of nickel ore has eased, with prices in the Philippines and Indonesia showing signs of weakening. Nickel - iron prices are under continuous pressure, and stainless - steel mills have low production schedules. The nickel sulfate market has improved, but the transaction has not fully recovered. Pure nickel shows no significant change in premium and discount. The inventory is accumulating again, and there is no obvious improvement expectation in the fundamentals [3]. - **Future Outlook**: There is no improvement expectation in the industry. Although the trading in the nickel sulfate market has recovered, the sales growth of new - energy vehicles is weak. Stainless - steel prices have rebounded, but steel production is still shrinking. Supply has recovered, but export profits have shrunk, making it difficult to drive upstream production increase. Nickel prices are expected to fluctuate under macro - level disturbances [3][11]. Group 3: Summary by Directory 1. Market Data - **Nickel Prices**: SHFE nickel decreased from 121,100 yuan/ton to 120,500 yuan/ton; LME nickel increased from 15,064 dollars/ton to 15,218 dollars/ton [4]. - **Inventory**: LME nickel inventory increased by 1,398 tons to 207,576 tons, and SHFE inventory increased by 264 tons to 21,560 tons. The total inventory of the two major exchanges increased by 1,662 tons to 229,136 tons [4][10]. - **Premium and Discount**: The premium of Jinchuan nickel increased by 50 yuan/ton to 2,050 yuan/ton, while the premium of Russian nickel remained unchanged at 550 yuan/ton [4]. 2. Market Analysis - **Nickel Ore**: The shortage of nickel ore has eased, and Indonesia has lowered the benchmark price of nickel ore in the second phase of July. The prices of nickel ore in the Philippines and Indonesia show signs of weakening [3][5]. - **Nickel - Iron**: The price of high - nickel pig iron decreased from 903.5 yuan/nickel point to 900 yuan/nickel point. The production of nickel - iron in China and Indonesia shows different trends. Stainless - steel mills have low production schedules, and the demand for nickel - iron is limited. However, due to cost - price inversion, some factories have reduced production or switched to high - grade nickel matte production, and the price may bottom out soon [6]. - **Nickel Sulfate**: The price of battery - grade nickel sulfate decreased slightly from 27,420 yuan/ton to 27,230 yuan/ton, and the price of electroplating - grade nickel sulfate remained at 28,000 yuan/ton. The production of nickel sulfate decreased year - on - year and month - on - month, while the production of ternary materials increased. The spot market has improved, but the actual demand is not strong enough to drive price reversal [7]. 3. Terminal Consumption - **New - Energy Vehicles**: From July 1 - 13, the retail sales of new - energy passenger vehicles in China were 332,000 units, a year - on - year increase of 26% and a month - on - month decrease of 4%. The annual cumulative sales growth rate is gradually declining. There are also some policies to support the new - energy vehicle industry, such as standards for battery replacement and subsidy policies [9]. - **Stainless Steel**: The price of stainless steel has rebounded under policy drive, but steel mills' production schedules are still in a contraction phase, and the strong consumption expectation has not been fulfilled [3][11]. 4. Industry News - **Indonesia's Nickel Ore Policy**: Indonesia announced the second - phase nickel ore domestic benchmark price in July, which decreased by about 0.11% compared with the first - phase price. The RKAB approval mechanism will return to annual approval next year [12]. - **Company Operations**: PT GAG Nikel in West Papua has not been allowed to resume operations [12]. - **Tariff Policy**: The US will impose a 19% tariff on all imported Indonesian goods, and Indonesia will purchase US energy, agricultural products, and Boeing aircraft [12]. 5. Related Charts - Charts show the trends of domestic and foreign nickel prices, spot premium and discount, LME 0 - 3 nickel premium and discount, nickel domestic - foreign ratio, nickel futures inventory, nickel ore port inventory, high - nickel iron price, 300 - series stainless - steel price, and stainless - steel inventory [14][16].

铜周报 鸽派立场渐浓，铜价止跌反弹 核心观点及策略 ⚫ 上周铜价企稳反弹，主因满足COMEX关税截止日期前的套 利窗口正在关闭致使部分货源回流LME，造成美铜溢价估 值向下修复，6月美国CPI温和上行，关税影响并未完全显 现，目前美联储鹰鸽两派分歧加剧，鹰派官员认为需要紧 缩的货币政策来遏制通胀升温的势头，而仍有部分官员认 为今年仍应降息两次，虽然全球贸易局势干扰加剧，但降 息预期的升温令资本市场风险偏好回升。基本面来看，海 外矿端紧缺事实不变，LME库存持续回升，海外精铜供应 逐渐趋松，主流矿企二季报已增产为主，国内社会库存小 幅增加，近月B结构转向平水。 投资咨询业务资格 沪证监许可【2015】84 号 李婷 021-68555105 li.t@jyqh.com.cn 从业资格号：F0297587 投资咨询号：Z0011509 黄蕾 huang.lei@jyqh.com.cn 从业资格号：F0307990 投资咨询号：Z0011692 高慧 gao.h@jyqh.com.cn 从业资格号：F03099478 投资咨询号：Z0017785 王工建 ⚫ 整体来看，因美联储内部鹰鸽两派分歧较大令9月降息扑 朔迷 ...

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No specific industry investment rating is provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints - The rapeseed meal market is affected by factors such as the lower - than - expected arrival of rapeseed, the increase in rapeseed imports, and the tariff on Canadian oil residue cakes. It is expected to have a short - term range - bound and slightly bullish trend [8][13]. - The short - term demand for rapeseed meal is in the peak season, and the inventory of rapeseed in oil mills is under short - term control, but the upside potential may be limited due to the lack of tariff on rapeseed imports [8]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Weekly Hints - The arrival of imported rapeseed in July was lower than expected, with a slight fluctuation in import cost. The rapeseed inventory in oil mills decreased slightly, while the rapeseed meal inventory increased from a low level. The rapeseed crushing volume in oil mills fluctuated slightly [20][22][24]. - Aquatic fish prices fluctuated slightly, and shrimp and shellfish prices remained stable. The rapeseed meal futures price recovered from the bottom, and the spot price fluctuated slightly, with a relatively high premium [32][34]. 3.2 Recent News - The domestic aquaculture industry has entered the peak season, and the supply of the domestic rapeseed market has improved. The annual rapeseed output in Canada has decreased slightly, and the global rapeseed output has also decreased slightly due to the reduction in the EU and Canada [10]. - The ongoing Russia - Ukraine conflict may support commodity prices. China has imposed tariffs on Canadian oil residue cakes, and the anti - dumping investigation on Canadian rapeseed imports is still ongoing [10]. 3.3 Long and Short Concerns - Bullish factors include the tariff on Canadian oil residue cakes and the low inventory pressure of rapeseed meal in oil mills [11]. - Bearish factors are the listing of domestic rapeseed in June, the uncertainty of the anti - dumping investigation on Canadian rapeseed imports, and the seasonal off - peak demand for rapeseed meal [12]. 3.4 Fundamental Data - **Supply and Demand Balance Sheets**: The report provides the supply - demand balance sheets of domestic rapeseed and rapeseed meal from 2014 to 2023, showing the changes in harvest area, output, inventory, and other indicators [17][19]. - **Aquatic Product Data**: It includes the production of Chinese aquatic products, fish, shellfish, and shrimps, as well as the OECD's forecast of Chinese fish production and imports [26][28][30]. 3.5 Position Data - The main long positions in rapeseed meal increased, but the funds flowed out [8]. 3.6 Rapeseed Meal Views and Strategies - **Fundamentals**: Rapeseed meal is affected by factors such as the low inventory of imported rapeseed and the tariff on Canadian oil residue cakes. It is expected to be range - bound in the short term [8]. - **Basis**: The spot price is 2620, and the basis is - 102, indicating a discount to futures [8]. - **Inventory**: The rapeseed meal inventory is 15,100 tons, a week - on - week increase of 228% and a year - on - year decrease of 58.06% [8]. - **Disk**: The price is above the 20 - day moving average and moving upwards [8]. - **Trading Strategies**: Futures are expected to be slightly bullish in the short term, with the RM2509 contract ranging above 2600. Options are recommended to be on the sidelines [13][14]. 3.7 Technical Analysis - Rapeseed meal has recovered from the bottom and is expected to return to a range - bound pattern in the short and medium term. The KDJ and MACD indicators show a slightly bullish short - term trend, but the upside potential may be limited [42].

货币政策预期分化加剧 美国关税政策的不确定性持续影响着全球金融市场。特朗普政府陆续宣布对多个国家和地区征收20%至50%的关税，涉及欧盟、墨西哥、日本、韩国等主要 贸易伙伴。这些关税措施的实施时间从原定的7月9日推迟至8月1日，为各方谈判争取了额外时间。 欧盟方面对美国的关税威胁表示强烈反对，丹麦外交大臣拉斯穆森称这些威胁"绝对不可接受"。与此同时，欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩直言"不可能达成协 议"，显示出双方在贸易问题上的分歧依然巨大。这种贸易紧张局势的升级直接推动了避险需求的增长。 美国单月关税收入同比暴增301%至270亿美元，本财年首次突破千亿美元大关。这一数据反映出关税政策对全球贸易格局的深刻影响。各国被迫采取反制措 施，全球贸易链面临前所未有的压力。 在全球贸易摩擦持续升温的背景下，黄金价格表现出微幅上涨态势。近期金价突破3350美元关口，显示出避险资产在不确定性环境中的韧性。关税政策的反 复变化成为影响贵金属走势的关键因素，市场参与者密切关注各国贸易谈判进展。 关税政策扰动市场情绪 美联储货币政策走向的不确定性为黄金价格提供了额外支撑。美联储主席鲍威尔在参议院听证会上警告，关税可能导致物价一次性上涨 ...

上周贵金属市场整体震荡，周内美指收涨，10Y美债收益率冲高回落，目前贵金属市场主要聚焦于特朗普关 税政策（8月1日前美国与其他国家贸易谈判以及对关键矿产调查）与美联储降息前景（7月31日FOMC会议 以及特朗普对美联储的施压）两个维度。周二晚间公布的美国6月CPI同比上涨2.7%，为2月以来最高纪录， 预期2.6%，前值2.4%；环比0.3%，符合预期，前值0.1%，涨幅扩大主要受能源价格上涨影响。核心CPI同比 上涨2.9%，符合预期，前值2.8%；环比涨幅0.2%，高于前值0.1%，但低于预期0.3%，为连续第五个月低于 预期。数据整体反映关税对美通胀影响仍处于初步阶段。数据后贵金属承压调整，降息预期整体略有降温。 美联储26年票委洛根表示，基准预期是货币政策需要继续保持紧缩一段时间，以抑制通胀。周三晚间贵金属 波动加剧，因报道称特朗普已起草解雇鲍威尔信函，此后特朗普回应还不打算将其免职，引发贵金属市场先 涨后回吐的走势，其他金融资产亦剧烈波动。周四凌晨公布的美联储褐皮书显示，自五月底至七月初，经济 活动略有增长，经济前景偏中性至略偏悲观，只有两个地区预期经济活动将增长，其他地区则预计经济活动 将持平或略 ...

Group 1: Tariff Measures and Economic Impact - The tariff measures in the first half of 2025 were characterized by a "high opening and low closing" trend, with significant reductions in tariffs announced after April 9[6] - Actual tariff rates increased by only 6.5%, significantly lower than the theoretical increase of 14.5%, leading to lower-than-expected tariff revenue growth[11] - China's share of U.S. imports dropped from 13.4% in 2024 to 7.4% by May 2025, indicating a shift in import sources due to tariff measures[13] Group 2: Export and Inflation Trends - Chinese exports showed stable volume and price increases, with a potential moderate decline expected in the future[23] - U.S. inflation remained low despite tariff increases, primarily due to weak demand in the automotive market and fluctuations in oil prices[32] - The actual tax rate increase led to a theoretical inflation rise of 2.1%, but the observed inflation was only 0.9% from January to May 2025, indicating a significant dampening effect from other economic factors[32] Group 3: Future Tariff Expectations and Risks - If further tariff increases are implemented, particularly targeting transshipment, the actual tariff rates and their economic impacts may exceed current expectations[33] - Risks associated with excessive TACO trading (Trump Always Chicken Out) should be monitored as they could affect market sensitivity to tariff changes[33] - A potential downturn in the U.S. economy could reverse the effects of tariff measures, posing additional risks to economic forecasts[34]