证券研究报告 基础材料 波涌回调藏富路，且将机遇入囊中 华泰研究 2025 年 6 月 03 日│中国内地 中期策略 压力与机遇并存，把握回调后的战略配置机遇 "逆全球化"背景下，黄金投资框架发生变化，在矿产金供给相对稳定的前 提下，央行等资产配置需求的大规模增加将利于金价长期上涨。美国通胀预 期、财政赤字、降息预期或均利好黄金，看好金价在特朗普任期内涨至 4500 美金/盎司以上。针对铜，短期需谨防关税扰动下需求提前透支后的回调风 险，长期看好其供需格局的持续改善。针对铝，25H1 光伏抢装和抢出口导 致需求高增长，尽管三季度或存在需求走弱预期，但电解铝价格下跌幅度或 有限；成本下降和供给硬约束或帮助电解铝利润在 25H2-26 年再扩张。针 对钢铁，25 年供给侧优化或重启，铁矿供需格局或趋松，钢价上行空间有 限但行业利润有望持续改善。 黄金：理解边际定价逻辑，特朗普任期或突破 4500 美金/盎司 在历次黄金上涨大周期中，全球经济大变局往往强化特定要素，催生新的边 际买家，重塑黄金投资框架。理解边际买家对价格的主导作用，有助于理解 2022 年以来金价的持续上涨。我们认为，除非美国恢复高增长低通胀并行的 ...

股票研究 /[Table_Date] 2025.06.03 关税博弈拉长，淡季压力渐显 [Table_Industry] 有色金属 ——有色及贵金属周报 [Table_Invest] 评级： 增持 | [table_Authors] 于嘉懿(分析师) | 兰洋(研究助理) | | --- | --- | | 021-38676666 | 021-38676666 | | 登记编号 S0880522080001 | S0880123070158 | 本报告导读： 特朗普关税政策遭遇美国司法挑战，后续关税以其他形式出台的不确定性增加，美 国国内外对关税的博弈时间将被拉长，或导致金价波动加剧。国内而言，下游淡季 需求压力逐步显现，工业品短期或有所承压。 投资要点： 行 业 跟 踪 证 券 研 究 报 告 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 股 票 研 究 报 告 [Table_subIndustry] 白银：金融与商品属性影响下，白银价格波动或更大。①价格：5 月 30 日当周 SHFE 白银跌 0.27%至 8218 元/千克，COMEX 银跌 1.59%至 33.08 美元/盎司， 伦敦银现跌 1.51%至 32 ...

Core Viewpoint - UBS interest rate strategists maintain a bullish outlook on 10-year U.S. Treasuries due to ongoing economic growth risks and supportive CPI data from May and June [1] Economic Outlook - The market is perceived to underestimate the risks of an economic slowdown [1] - Recent moderate U.S. CPI data is expected to bolster the performance of 10-year Treasuries [1] Inflation and Wage Pressure - Although household inflation expectations have risen, this has not yet translated into significant wage pressure [1] Fiscal Policy Considerations - Adjustments to the "Beautiful Bill" by the U.S. Senate, aimed at further spending cuts, could alleviate market concerns regarding expanding fiscal deficits [1] Yield Projections - UBS anticipates that the yield on 10-year Treasuries may struggle to fall below 4% in the coming months [1]

当前美国债券市场正经历前所未有的信心危机。30年期美债收益率已攀升至5%以上的心理关口，逼近2007年金融危机以来的最高水平。这一现象背后反映 的是投资者对美国长期财政状况的深度担忧。美国联邦债务总额已突破36万亿美元大关，债务占GDP比重超过124%，远超国际警戒线。更为严峻的是，债 务利息支出在2024财年首次突破1万亿美元，超越国防支出成为政府第三大开支项目。 市场数据显示，30年期美债收益率在上月一度触及5.15%的高位。与此同时，中短期债券收益率的相对稳定形成了鲜明对比。这种背离现象突显了长期债券 面临的巨大抛售压力。投资者对美国政府通过增发债券弥补财政赤字的可能性表示担忧。部分市场参与者甚至开始猜测美国财政部可能会缩减或暂停最长期 限债券的标售计划。 全球主要经济体的长债标售近期都遭遇了需求疲软的困境。日本40年期国债发行需求创下去年7月以来最弱水平，美国20年期美债标售结果同样表现萎靡。 这些现象进一步加剧了市场对长期政府债券需求前景的担忧情绪。6月12日即将进行的下一次30年期美债拍卖将成为检验市场信心的关键节点。 来源：金融界 太平洋投资管理公司同样采取了类似的防御性策略。该机构明确表示对长 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. Treasury Secretary, Mnuchin, conveyed positive signals regarding tariff trade negotiations, indicating that progress is expected soon [1] - White House National Economic Council Director, Kevin Hassett, also anticipated new developments in trade talks within the week [1] - Mnuchin stated that the U.S. will never default on its debt obligations, despite the approaching deadline for raising the federal debt ceiling [2] Group 2 - Mnuchin emphasized that the U.S. is on a "warning line" but will not hit a "wall," referring to the potential for default [2] - The Republican congressional leaders have tied the debt ceiling increase to President Trump's tax and spending proposals, complicating the negotiations [2] - Wall Street analysts and private forecasting agencies generally predict that the debt ceiling deadline will fall between late August and mid-October [3] Group 3 - Mnuchin dismissed warnings from JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon regarding an impending "crack" in the bond market, stating that such predictions have never materialized [4] - He mentioned a long-term goal to gradually reduce the fiscal deficit over the next four years [4]

Group 1 - Moody's has downgraded the U.S. sovereign credit rating from Aaa to Aa1, marking the loss of the last "AAA" rating among major international rating agencies, primarily due to the increasing scale of U.S. government debt and its interest payment ratio [1] - Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater Associates, predicts that U.S. debt could reach $50 trillion by 2035, suggesting that Moody's has underestimated the risks associated with U.S. Treasury bonds [1] - Goldman Sachs' president John Waldron indicates that the focus in the bond market is shifting from tariff disputes to the rising U.S. government debt, which is pushing up long-term interest rates, particularly the 30-year Treasury yield, to its highest level in nearly two decades [1] Group 2 - Concerns among foreign investors regarding U.S. Treasury bonds are rising due to high inflation and a weakening dollar, which could diminish the actual value of their holdings [2] - The Federal Reserve's FOMC meeting minutes highlighted that the volatility in the U.S. bond market poses risks to financial stability, with potential long-term impacts on the U.S. economy if the dollar's safe-haven status changes [2] - The U.S. national debt has surpassed $34 trillion, with the government caught in a vicious cycle of fiscal deficits, borrowing, and high-interest repayments [2] Group 3 - The pressure from maturing U.S. debt is described as "rolling," with a significant increase in the monthly maturity scale since the Fed's interest rate hikes began in 2022 [3] - The U.S. national debt reached its statutory limit at the beginning of the year, restricting new debt issuance, which could lead to increased maturity pressure if Congress does not raise or suspend the debt ceiling before August [3] - The U.S. debt crisis reflects broader concerns about government credit and is fundamentally a monetary crisis, emphasizing the need for balance in domestic inflation control and external dollar confidence [3]

资料图 "日本债券市场成为了全球超长期利率上升的起点"，市场相关人士在日本40年国债招标以疲软的 结果结束后这样说。超长期国债在全球范围内持续呈现出不稳定的行情，而此次的特点是日本国 债成为震源地之一。背后原因是日本国内外利率的联动性增强…… 期限超过10年的日本长期国债收益率，成为了动摇全球债券市场的震源地。除了全球性财政担忧 扩大外，主要买家也变成海外投资者，因此日 本国内外利率变得更加容易联动。在5月28日实施 的日本40年期国债招标中，投资者需求疲软的情况十分明显。受此结果影响，日本股市出现抛售 情况，市场走向稳定的前景仍不明朗。 "日本债券市场成为了全球超长期利率上升的起点，目前正在受到非比寻常的关注"，日本40年国 债招标结束后的5月28日下午，花旗证券的日元利率营业部长嬉里奈这样表示。据称，当天除了 日本国内的债券投资者之外，平时交易美国国债等外国债券的参与者也纷纷前来咨询。 在日本财务省当天实施的40年国债招标中，最高中标收益率（按复利计算）为3.135%，创下 2007年11月启动40年国债招标以来的最高纪录。这反映出流通市场利率上升速度加快的态势已 波及到招标环节。在日本财务省发行的国债中 ...

Core Viewpoint - The intertwining of U.S. military and financial hegemony is creating a vicious cycle of military spending and currency devaluation, leading to a global arms race dominated by the U.S. [1] Military Spending - The U.S. military budget for 2024 is projected to reach $997 billion, accounting for 37% of global military expenditures, with expectations to exceed $1 trillion by fiscal year 2026 [3] - A significant portion of this budget, 44%, is allocated to personnel salaries and pensions, raising concerns about the actual investment in weapon modernization compared to China [3] - The funding is primarily aimed at maintaining 140 military bases and 800 overseas military facilities [3] Financial Strategy - The U.S. is leveraging military deterrence and financial extraction by compelling allies to purchase American weapons and binding them to the dollar-based financial system [4] - In 2023, U.S. military aid to Ukraine amounted to $6 billion, with over 40% returning to the U.S. defense industry through arms orders, illustrating the closed-loop of military aid, arms trade, and dollar repatriation [4] Currency Devaluation - The U.S. dollar index has fallen by 8% since 2024, while the U.S. is transferring the costs of its hegemony through "fiscal deficit monetization," exporting inflation globally [5] - The national debt has surpassed $35 trillion, with the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing policies shifting debt costs to countries holding dollar assets [5] Political Implications - The military-financial model is increasingly constraining U.S. domestic spending, with military expenditure reaching 3.2% of GDP in 2024, significantly above NATO's 2% standard [7] - The military-industrial complex is influencing U.S. politics, as seen in Trump's 2025 legislation linking military spending increases to tax cuts for the wealthy [7] Global Response - The credibility of the dollar is being undermined, with oil-producing nations like Saudi Arabia exploring non-dollar settlement systems and BRICS countries promoting local currency swap agreements [9] - To maintain its hegemony, the U.S. is compelled to increase military spending, with the 2026 budget focusing on next-generation aircraft and nuclear modernization for global military interventions [9] Conclusion - The U.S. has demonstrated over 70 years that hegemony cannot be sustained indefinitely, as military spending erodes future prospects and currency devaluation undermines global trust [11] - A new global governance order based on multilateralism is needed, moving away from the zero-sum game of military intervention [11]

国际原油： 从现货黄金4小时图看，受到多头获利了结的影响，黄金价格暂时未能延续上周的强势表现，目前打乱了短期均线组的 节奏，不排除会暂时陷入震荡的区间当中，需要重点留意3300大关的支撑情况，此外MACD指标出现了钝化现象，如 果再次形成死叉可能就会往0轴一线靠近，所以短线操作方面建议调整为高抛低吸。下方关注3275-3270支撑，上方关 注3325-3330阻力； 现货白银：技术面显示，价格在32.70美元的50日移动平均线上方形成窄幅区间。若明确突破33.70美元，将确认新的买 盘动能，并可能推动价格向34.59-34.87美元的阻力区间迈进。下行方面，若无法守住50日均线，价格可能迅速跌至200 日均线31.52美元，标志着市场情绪的全面转变。33.70美元将成为白银多头的技术触发点。在此之前，市场可能维持盘 整。 交易多数时候不是你没分析对，而是节奏没踏上，一步错、步步错。节奏踏上了，你就会觉得很顺，节奏踏不上，刚 空就涨，刚多就跌，损了就回来，不做都是对，做了咋看都别扭。 周三（5月28日），现货黄金欧洲时段延续反弹势头，站稳3300美元整数关口上方。市场在美联储会议纪要公布前维持 谨慎，但特朗普关 ...

周三（5月28日）欧洲时段，黄金价格周三陷入盘整偏弱格局，因美元延续反弹、市场风险偏好情绪升 温，打压避险需求。尽管亚盘初略有回升，但现货黄金未能站稳3300美元，显示上方阻力依旧强劲。特 朗普推迟对欧盟征收50%关税至7月9日，短期内增强了风险偏好情绪，削弱了黄金避险需求。不过，贸 易政策仍存在重大不确定性，加上美国财政状况持续恶化以及地缘政治风险持续，为金价提供部分支 撑。 此外，路透社透露的数据显示，4月份中国通过香港的黄金净进口量比3月份增加了一倍多，达到自2024 年3月以来的最高水平。同时，根据Prime Market Terminal的数据，货币市场表明，交易员预计年底前将 宽松46.5个基点。 明尼阿波利斯联储主席尼尔·卡什卡利表示，在明确提高关税如何影响价格稳定之前，利率应保持不 变。这一系列因素相互交织，共同影响着当前复杂多变的金融市场格局。 在技术分析领域，周二金价走势出现关键变化，于跌破短期上升趋势线后呈现出进一步回调态势。当 前，金价正处于对4小时图200周期均线所在3295美元一线的测试阶段。值得注意的是，一旦该均线被有 效跌破，且形成具有确认意义的收盘状态，那么短期内的下行趋势或 ...