1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the content 2. Core Views of the Report - In 2026, the global macro - economy is expected to maintain resilience, supporting risk sentiment. The macro - economic mainline will shift from trade policies and geopolitical relations to economic fundamentals, and major economies will be in a period of relatively abundant macro - liquidity mainly driven by fiscal expansion [2][49]. - The global economy, led by the US, will maintain resilience in 2026, continuing to support the performance of risk assets. The structure may be more balanced than in 2025, with the technology sector, industry prosperity logic, and macro - cycle opportunities intertwined [3][50]. - The long - term US Treasury bond yield has limited trends in 2026, with an upward - risk bias. The US dollar index is expected to maintain a wide - range oscillation throughout the year, with an upward - risk bias [3][163][172]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 2025 Overseas Macroeconomic Mainline Logic and Performance Review of Major Asset Classes - **Economic fundamentals**: In 2025, the US economy maintained a relatively high growth rate, but the actual GDP growth rate declined marginally compared to 2024. Non - US economies were stronger in the first half of the year, and the US economy was stronger in the second half. The inventory and net exports of the US GDP fluctuated greatly in the first half due to trade policies, and personal consumption and private fixed investment showed certain resilience. The US industrial output increased, and there were signs of an early - cycle expansion. Monetary policy continued to cut interest rates, and the yield of US Treasury bonds declined, but the stock - market valuation remained basically unchanged. The fiscal deficit ratio decreased [7][8][16][17][26]. - **Adapting to the new reality of the tariff era**: In 2025, tariff policies were the most important macro - risks. The overall US tariff rate remained high, and the "severe decoupling" between China and the US turned into "slow decoupling." The "tariff - inflation" transmission was relatively mild, and the US inflation expectation became stable and desensitized to tariff uncertainties [30][37][39]. - **Performance review of major asset classes**: In 2025, the global market had a good year. Global equity markets rose significantly, with the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index and the STAR 50 Index leading the way. The bond market also had positive returns, and the commodity market was highly differentiated [47][48]. 3.2 2026 Overseas Macroeconomic Outlook 3.2.1 "From Politics to Economy", "From International to Domestic" - The mainline of the global macro - economy will shift from trade policies and geopolitical relations to economic fundamentals, and the focus of geopolitics will shift from international to domestic. The US mid - term elections, China's 14th Five - Year Plan, the eurozone's fiscal expansion, and Japan's new policies will all focus on domestic economic and political issues [55]. - **Tariff policy changes**: The "general tariff" under the IEEPA framework is facing challenges. If the government loses the lawsuit, the IEEPA tariff will be revoked. Relevant industry tariffs may become an important legal tool for rebuilding the high - tariff system, and attention should be paid to changes in key industries and commodity trade flows [56][58]. - **US National Security Strategy**: The US National Security Strategy focuses on economic and financial security, including trade balance, ensuring key supply chains, re - industrialization, energy dominance, revitalizing the US dollar, and tax cuts and deregulation. It shows a shift from maintaining global leadership to focusing on national interests [61]. 3.2.2 Macro - liquidity - **Monetary policy**: The Fed is expected to cut interest rates to 3.25% in 2026, with two 50bp cuts in total. There is a risk that the final interest - rate cut space is less than expected, and there is a probability of an early end to the interest - rate cut cycle or a start of an interest - rate hike cycle. The Fed is expected to restart balance - sheet expansion in the second half of 2026 [65][67][68]. - **Fiscal policy**: The US fiscal policy will expand marginally in 2026. The "Great Beauty Act" will have a positive impact on the economy, and the fiscal deficit ratio is expected to expand moderately. The risk of concerns about the sustainability of US Treasury bonds is relatively controllable [78][79][80]. - **Macro - liquidity**: The US financial conditions index is expected to continue to expand in 2026, mainly driven by factors such as the decline in the benchmark interest rate, credit expansion, and the resilience of the equity market. The expansion of the financial conditions index is expected to have a more significant impact on the real economy [86][94][96]. 3.2.3 Economic Structure - **Forward - looking and backward - looking indicators**: The US economy is currently in a situation where forward - looking indicators are improving while backward - looking indicators are still weak. It is expected that the backward - looking indicators will improve in 2026 [101]. - **Inflation**: Inflation is expected to remain above the Fed's target in 2026, with a CPI growth rate of 2.8%. The "pro - cyclical inflation" will have a relatively limited impact on macro - assets [103][104]. - **Employment**: The employment market is trending downward, supporting the Fed's interest - rate cut tendency. The unemployment rate is expected to rise to 4.5% in the first half of 2026 and then fall to 4.4% in the second half [114]. - **Consumption**: Personal consumption is expected to remain stable in 2026, showing a K - shaped differentiation. Consumption may be weak in the first half due to income factors and will be boosted by the employment market and fiscal policies in the second half [121][122]. - **Private fixed investment**: Private fixed investment is expected to be a highlight in 2026, with a significant improvement in the quarter - on - quarter growth rate. However, the structure is differentiated, and it is necessary to follow industry Alpha [128][129]. 3.2.4 Debate on the "AI Bubble" - The "AI bubble" reflects concerns about the sustainability of AI investment, debt, and return on investment. At the index level, there is no systematic risk for now, but the risk is concentrated in leading technology companies. It is recommended to track risks through indicators such as ROIC - WACC, credit market risk exposure, and the profit erosion of depreciation and amortization [135][137][147]. 3.3 US Treasury Bond Market - In 2026, the long - term US Treasury bond yield has limited trends, with an upward - risk bias. The 10 - year US Treasury bond interest - rate center may be around 4.20%, with support at 3.95 - 4.00 and the first target at 4.35% and the second target at 4.65%. The 2 - year US Treasury bond yield has support at around 3.20% and a target of 3.68%. The yield curve may show a "bull steepening" in the first half and a "bear steepening" in the second half [163][164]. 3.4 US Dollar Index - The US dollar index is expected to maintain a wide - range oscillation in 2026, with an annual oscillation range of 96 - 108 and an upward - risk bias. The oscillation range in the first quarter of 2026 is 97.7 - 102. Attention should be paid to the rhythm of economic relative strength, the marginal change of interest - rate differentials, and carry - trade themes [172][180].

Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure - In November, public fiscal revenue was CNY 14,026.0 billion, remaining flat year-on-year, with tax revenue at CNY 11,450.0 billion, a 2.8% increase, but the growth rate slowed by 5.8 percentage points compared to October[2] - Non-tax revenue fell to CNY 2,576.0 billion, down 10.8% year-on-year, with the decline narrowing by 22.1 percentage points from the previous month[2] - Public fiscal expenditure in November was CNY 22,713.0 billion, a decrease of 3.7% year-on-year, although the decline rate improved by 6.1 percentage points from October[3] Government Fund Performance - From January to November, government fund budget revenue totaled CNY 40,274.0 billion, down 4.9% year-on-year, with a worsening decline rate of 2.1 percentage points compared to the previous month[17] - In November, central government fund revenue was CNY 320.0 billion, down 9.1%, while local government fund revenue was CNY 5,481.0 billion, down 16.1%, with the decline rate improving by 4.3 percentage points from October[5] - The revenue from state-owned land use rights fell to CNY 4,137.0 billion, a 26.8% decrease year-on-year, with the decline rate slightly narrowing by 0.4 percentage points from October[5] Fiscal Policy Outlook - The central economic work conference emphasized the continuation of a more proactive fiscal policy, aiming to maintain necessary fiscal deficits and total expenditure levels[4] - The actual deficit rate for this year has exceeded 5.0%, and fiscal spending and financing are expected to maintain necessary strength in the coming year[4] - Broad fiscal expenditure from January to November reached CNY 340,662 billion, a 4.5% increase year-on-year, with central fiscal expenditure at CNY 47,310.0 billion, growing by 21.0%[22]

Oil Market Impact - Oil prices are rising due to sanctions on Venezuela and potential sanctions on Russia, which may influence market sectors [1] - Despite rising oil prices, they have not yet contributed to inflation pressures in the US, aiding the Federal Reserve's decision to cut rates [2] Market Rotation - There is a market rotation occurring, with capital moving from high multiple mega-cap stocks to small caps, cyclicals, and international markets [4] - This rotation is expected to persist as monetary policy remains easy, with the end of quantitative tightening and anticipated Fed rate cuts [5] Small Cap Focus - Small caps, particularly those in the S&P 600, are favored due to being undervalued and expected to outperform during the rate-cutting cycle [7] - The fiscal policy and new tax bill are expected to benefit R&D-intensive small caps, enhancing their growth potential [8] Financial Sector Outlook - The financial sector is viewed positively, with regional banks expected to have more room for growth despite pressures from private credit [9] - The financial sector is experiencing strong earnings growth, with a projected 25% year-over-year increase, second only to tech [10] IPO Market Recovery - The IPO market is anticipated to improve, with liquidity returning and monetary policy remaining supportive, which is positive for upcoming IPOs [12][13] - A significant IPO, Medline, is set to go public, indicating a bullish outlook for the IPO path into the next year [12] Consumer Sector Boost - An estimated $100 to $150 billion in tax refunds is expected to be distributed in early 2026, potentially boosting consumer-sensitive sectors such as home builders and discretionary spending [14][16] - The market is already pricing in the anticipated boost to the consumer sector from these tax refunds [15]

Core Viewpoint - China's macroeconomic operation continues to show overall stability and progress, with a projected growth rate of around 5% for the year, laying a solid foundation for the 14th Five-Year Plan and 2026 [2][17]. Economic Performance - The industrial added value maintained a stable and relatively fast growth, with a year-on-year increase of 4.8% in November and 6.0% from January to November [4]. - Fixed asset investment is on a downward trend, with a total of 444,035 billion yuan from January to November, a year-on-year decrease of 2.6%. Excluding real estate development investment, fixed asset investment grew by 0.8% [4][6]. - Real estate investment saw a significant decline of 15.9% year-on-year from January to November, with the decline expanding compared to the previous month [12]. Consumption Trends - Social retail sales totaled 43,898 billion yuan in November, with a year-on-year growth of 1.3% and a cumulative growth of 4.0% from January to November [7]. - Consumption patterns show steady growth in basic and some upgraded goods, with significant increases in food, communication equipment, and cultural office supplies [7]. Export Resilience - Exports showed strong resilience, with a year-on-year increase of 5.9% in November, reaching a record high of 330.35 billion USD for the year [9]. - Exports to the US stabilized, while growth rates for exports to ASEAN and the EU remained robust, compensating for the decline in exports to the US [9]. Financial Indicators - Social financing maintained good growth, with a total of 2.49 trillion yuan in November, a year-on-year increase of 1,597 billion yuan [14]. - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose to 0.7% year-on-year in November, indicating a steady upward trend in prices [14]. Future Economic Outlook - The central economic work conference indicated that achieving the 5% growth target for 2025 is highly likely, with a focus on stabilizing employment, enterprises, and market expectations for 2026 [17][18]. - Fiscal policy is expected to maintain an expansionary stance, with a projected deficit rate of 4%-4.2% and an increase in special government bond issuance to support key areas [21]. - Monetary policy will remain flexible, with potential small-scale adjustments to interest rates and reserve requirements to ensure liquidity and support economic growth [22].

年报 2025 年 12 月 摘要： 展望 2026 中国经济，投资方面，政府财政规模严格受限，货币宽松有度， 投资总额可能延续 25 年温和增长的态势；外贸方面，国际形势更加复杂，2026 年可能小幅增长；消费可能成为未来中国最重要的经济支撑和政策抓手。 中美贸易协议持续至 2026 年 11 月，因此美国关税政策可能不会出现更多 变化。美联储现任主席鲍威尔任期持续至 5 月 15 日，新任主席为哈塞特或沃 尔什，预计两者都会顺应特朗普大幅宽松和持续降息的想法，2026 年下半年 可能再次迎来降息周期。 现货方面重点关注美国铜库存情况。目前美铜库存已经累积至 55 万吨左 右，足够扭转全球铜现货供需格局，所以导致全球铜现货供应紧张，成为 12 月铜价大涨的主导因素之一。 研究员： 张天骜 南京大学理学学士 爱尔兰都柏林大学数理金融学 硕士 从业资格证：F3002734 投资咨询证：TZ0012680 电话：025-52278450 邮箱： zhangtianao@ftol.com.cn 年报 2025-12 总体而言，2026 铜价首要决定性因素仍是中美货币政策和财政政策；次 要影响因素是全球经济数据和就业 ...

Investment consulting business qualification：CSRC License [2012] No. 669 投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2012】669 号 中信期货国际化研究 | CITIC Futures International Research 2025-12-17 China Monetary Policy Outlook: Moderate Easing 2026 年中国货币政策展望：如何理解适度宽松 | 张 陆 | Zhang Lu | | 从业资格号 Qualification No：F03105230 | 投资咨询号 Consulting No.：Z0021341 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 程小庆 | | Cheng Xiaoqing | 从业资格号 Qualification No：F3083989 | 投资咨询号 Consulting No.：Z0018635 | | 张菁 | Zhang Jing | | 从业资格号 Qualification No：F3022617 | 投资咨询号 Consulti ...

日本经济财政谘问会议民间成员永滨利广：高市早苗政府的经济政策将把重点放在利用财政政策提振经济供应面，货币政策则扮演辅助角色。前日本央行副行长、政府政策小组委员若田部昌澄：日本必须通过财政政策、增长策略提高中性利率。鉴于中性利率水准，央行应该避免过早加息、过度调整货币政策援助。 ...

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The report focuses on the U.S. economic landscape, particularly in relation to tariffs and fiscal policy ahead of the midterm elections in 2026 [2][5][30]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Cost of Living Concerns**: The cost of living remains the top issue for voters, with 29% citing it as their primary concern, an increase from 25% prior to the 2024 presidential election [2][5]. - **Political Landscape**: Democrats are perceived to have an advantage in the House for the upcoming midterms, while Republicans maintain a safer majority in the Senate [5][30]. - **Tariff Policy**: - The Supreme Court is expected to rule on the legality of tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), which could lead to lower tariff rates [2][7][11]. - A decline in the effective tariff rate is anticipated, with projections indicating a reduction of around 2 percentage points (pp) by the end of 2026 [2][18]. - The administration may seek to replace IEEPA tariffs with tariffs under different authorities, potentially capping rates at 15% [2][12]. - **Fiscal Policy**: - A second fiscal package is considered possible but unlikely due to high hurdles in Congress [30][34]. - Proposed measures include extending health insurance subsidies and additional defense spending, but consensus among Republicans is lacking [30][34][36]. - The potential for a $2000/person tariff rebate has not gained traction due to fiscal concerns and opposition to the tariffs [30][35]. Additional Important Content - **Housing Policy**: Executive actions on housing are likely, focusing on government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, with potential adjustments in loan pricing and the introduction of a 50-year mortgage product [3][40]. - **USMCA Review**: The review of the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) in 2026 could lead to lower tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico, particularly on products subject to sectoral tariffs [28][30]. - **US-China Relations**: The economic relationship with China is expected to stabilize, with a recent agreement to delay export controls and reduce tariffs from 20% to 10% [29][30]. - **Sectoral Tariffs**: Investigations into sectors like pharmaceuticals and semiconductors may not lead to immediate tariff impositions, as the administration is likely to proceed cautiously [23][24]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights and projections regarding U.S. economic policies, particularly in the context of tariffs and fiscal measures leading up to the midterm elections.

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Industry Overview - The focus of current fiscal policy has shifted towards debt resolution rather than traditional demand stimulation, leading to direct impacts on bond supply and yield pricing. A slight change in bond issuance volume has limited effects on overall yield [1][4] - The anticipated government bond issuance for 2026 is expected to exceed 26 trillion, with a significant portion being long-term bonds. The capacity of banks to absorb this supply and the potential market impact remain to be observed [1][4] Core Insights and Arguments - **Fiscal Policy Impact**: The current fiscal policy aims primarily at debt resolution, which directly influences yield pricing. Even with a deficit rate above or below 4%, the resulting bond issuance variations of 1,000 to 3,000 billion will not drastically alter overall yields [4] - **Monetary Policy Role**: Recent interest rate cuts are primarily aimed at boosting market confidence rather than immediate market benefits. A potential rate cut is expected in Q1 2026, but it should not be interpreted as a signal for significant yield declines [5] - **Market Behavior of Large Banks**: The actions of large banks in the latter half of December are crucial. Continued selling of old bonds, especially long-term ones, indicates a need for better interest rate risk control. Conversely, buying behavior would suggest manageable risk levels [6][9] - **Market Volatility and Trading Strategy**: There is a defined volatility range in the market, and exceeding this range may indicate overvaluation, presenting a good exit point. Investors should adjust strategies based on market sentiment and stabilization forces [8][16] Additional Important Insights - **December Fiscal Spending**: The last two weeks of December are typically characterized by concentrated fiscal spending, with the tightest funding conditions usually occurring around mid-December. Increased fiscal spending towards the end of the month may alleviate some pressure [10][11] - **Interest Rate Spread**: The current spread between 10-year and 30-year government bonds is 40 basis points, with a low probability of significant deviation in the short term. The acceptable fluctuation range for the 10-year bond is 1.8%-1.85%, corresponding to 2.18%-2.27% for the 30-year bond [3][13] - **Central Bank Actions**: Recent central bank interventions have not significantly altered market rates, with the six-month marginal rate expected to remain stable. The current deposit certificate yield is projected to hold at around 1.65% [14] This summary encapsulates the critical insights and data points from the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state and expectations within the bond market and fiscal policy landscape.

贝森特很乐观，因为美国这么折腾之下，预计2025年全年GDP增速将达到惊人的3.5%！我们先不说通胀、逆差、美债之类的老生常谈的问题，仅就 美国现在这个经济体量，又是消费主导的经济体现况而言，我不得不感慨一句：美国的经济韧性确实是强，有效需求确定是旺，所以投资下去的赚 钱效应明显，这种全世界唱衰，"明天就要崩盘"的预期下，一年下去，GDP涨了3.5%，也算经济史的奇迹2.0！ 我们现在一起来看下昨天美国经济数据的一锅炖：美国11月非农就业人口增加6.4万人，高于市场预期的5万人；但失业率却意外升至4.6%，创下 2021年9月以来的新高！美国10月零售销售环比持平，略低于预期的0.1%增长！美国12月标普全球制造业PMI初值下滑至51.8，创5个月新低！这些 数据，似乎都在说：美国经济在高利率环境下"内部疲软因素上升"！ 我们接下去就简单分析下： 一、就业市场：结构性问题 美国11月非农看似延续就业市场韧性，但失业率却意外攀升至4.6%，创下2021年9月以来的新高，同时前期数据大幅下修，10月非农就业从初值修正 为减少10.5万人，较预期的下降2.5万超出四倍，8月和9月合计下修3.3万人。这种"新增就业与 ...