大宗商品研究所 有色金属研发报告 碳酸锂 05 月报 2025 年 4 月 30 日 成本支撑下移 打开锂价下行空间 第一部分 回顾与展望 碳酸锂价格春节前出现 8.1 万高点后已经下跌了 15%，最低跌破 6.8 万，而每次新低后 的反弹高度越来越低。4 月清明节后跳空低开，高点 7.2 万附近，此后震荡走弱，最低 67500 元/吨。 需求端，中美互加关税导致美国本土新能源汽车消费市场及供应链受到冲击，传导至 国内外销占比高的三元正极厂订单可能受损，同时国内储能 531 抢装对碳酸锂的采购已于 3 月结束，出口至美国又面临提前而来的天量关税，储能订单出现转弱迹象。正极厂 4 月排 产环比微幅增长，价格大跌时也有一定采购，但表现仍然较为克制，并未出现低价囤货的 行为。 供应端，4 月产量先增后减，部分冶炼厂安排年度检修，部分买不到（低价）矿或亏 损减产。冶炼厂减产倒逼矿价下跌，澳矿 CIF 价格已经跌破 800 美元/吨，市场预期继续下 行至 750 美元/吨。今年以来智利出口至中国的碳酸锂部分未进行清关，积压在保税库，因 此中国进口量和智利出口有一定差距。4 月国内供应虽然因减产因素可能低于此前排产计 划 ...

软商品日报 光大期货软商品日报（2025 年 4 月 29 日） 一、研究观点 | 品种 | 点评 | 观点 | | --- | --- | --- | | 棉花 | 周一，ICE 美棉下跌 1.8%，报收 67.56 美分/磅，CF509 下跌 0.46%，报收 12950 元 | 震荡 | | | /吨，主力合约持仓环比下降 1706 手至 56.93 万手，新疆地区棉花到厂价为 13988 | | | | 元/吨，较前一日持平，中国棉花价格指数 3128B 级为 14244 元/吨，较前一日上涨 | | | | 10 元/吨。国际市场方面，近期宏观层面仍有扰动，特朗普消息不断且变向较快， | | | | 美元指数重心先升后降，美棉价格承压下行，持续关注宏观层面变化。国内市场方 | | | | 面，郑棉期价整体仍维持震荡走势。展望未来，我们认为短期郑棉下方有一定支 | | | | 撑，原因有以下几点：一是中美关税税率较此前再度恶化空间不大，二是新棉种植 | | | | 期，国内棉花种植面积较此前预估或小幅下降，未来天气若有扰动则是利多，三是 | | | | 对未来国内宏观政策的预期。综上，我们认为短期郑棉 ...

央行官员表示，将按照中央政治局会议精神，加紧实施更加积极有为的宏观政策，用好用足适度宽松的 货币政策，根据国内外经济形势和金融市场运行情况，适时降准降息。 人社部官员表示，将加快推出增量政策，对企业加大扩岗支持，对个人加大就业补贴支持，对受关税影 响较大的企业提高失业保险稳岗返还比例等。 商务部官员表示，将聚焦广大企业需求，及时解决困难问题，以钉钉子精神抓好已经出台的稳外贸政策 落地见效。 每经记者 郑步春 每经编辑 彭水萍 周一A股表现稍弱，各大股指普跌，全市场超4100个股下跌。截至收盘，上证综指跌0.2%至3288.41 点；深综指跌0.93%，创业板综指跌1.01%，科创50指数跌0.17%，北证50指数跌1.78%。全A总成交额 为10768亿元，较上周五的11370亿元略有萎缩。 银行、钢铁、电力等红利股表现较好，PEEK材料、游戏、珠宝首饰、培育钻石等板块表现也相对较 好。旅游酒店、食品饮料、乳业等消费类个股表现较弱，房地产板块也普跌。 周一上午国新办举行新闻发布会，发改委官员表示，更好发挥内需主动力作用，具体思路和方法也非常 明确，就是增加中低收入群体收入、大力提振消费，扩大有效投资，做强国内 ...

观点：聚酯开工仍有韧性，驱动不足 投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1290号 戴一帆（Z0015428） 周燕勤（F03129302） 周嘉伟（F03133676） 聚酯周报观点 MEG 核心观点：驱动不足，区间震荡 南华聚酯周报20250427 【库存】华东港口库至77.5万吨，环比上期增加0.4万吨。 【装置】中石化武汉28w近期停车，预计持续半个月；内蒙古建元26w近期重启；内蒙古兖矿40w近期重启； 【观点】 本周EG价格在需求悲观与关税豁免消息扰动下低位震荡。基本面方面，供应端油降煤升，总负荷小幅上调至68.47%（+3.15%）；其中 ，乙烯制方面茂名石化、天沙停车；煤制兖矿、榆林化学、中昆提负，煤制负荷大幅上调至63.85%（+14%）。效益方面，受绝对价格 小幅反弹影响，各路线利润小幅修复。库存方面，本周到港集中，港口发货表现不佳，维持刚需，下周一港口显性库存预计大幅累库8 万吨左右。需求端，长丝开工下调，短纤瓶片提负，聚酯总负荷维持高位93.6%（-0.2%）。长丝节前存在促销行为，终端部分刚需采 购低位补货，长丝库存小幅去化，但FDY和DTY环节库存压力仍然明显。终端受关税事件影响， ...

期货研究报告|PX&PTA&PF&PR 周报 2025-04-27 5-9 月差走强，关注五一织造放假情况 策略摘要 基本面方面，特朗普对中国关税态度有所缓和，但问题依旧没有有效解决，直接出口 美国的纺服订单依然处于暂停状态，聚酯减产预期压制市场心态，关注后续中美谈判 情况，PX 和 PTA 依然维持低估值和去库状态，但在汽油弱势和需求预期偏弱的情况下 反弹幅度也有限，近期关注原油和宏观变动。短纤方面，当前美国关税逐步向好发 展，市场心态走稳，但追高意愿不足，五一期间部分纱厂有放假计划，原料囤货意愿 一般，行情维持震荡盘整。PR 方面，关税政策对瓶片自身需求影响较小，但瓶片负荷 回归高位，瓶片工厂加工区间有限，市场价格预计仍跟随原料成本波动。 核心观点 ■ 市场分析 成本端，原油价格先涨后跌。当前供需面多空消息交织，一方面宏观影响油价走势。 美伊及俄乌地缘政治风险降温。同时多个 OPEC+成员国计划在 6 月会议上提议加快增 产速度，原油供应压力持续；不过下半周特朗普表示不会解雇美联储主席鲍威尔，市 场恐慌指数回落，同时也表示将对中国关税大幅下降，宏观情绪改善推动油价反弹。 汽油和芳烃方面，汽油裂解偏弱运行， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential easing of trade tensions between the U.S. and China, highlighting recent statements from Trump and other officials that suggest a shift in policy direction towards more constructive negotiations [1]. Group 1: Trade Relations - Trump expressed a desire for the U.S.-China trade war to be unsustainable, indicating that both sides do not view the current situation as viable [3]. - Bessent stated at a private investor summit that the trade war is not sustainable and that negotiations with China may be a "hard battle" but are necessary [3]. Group 2: Monetary Policy - Trump called for the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates and expressed no intention to dismiss Fed Chairman Powell, urging for more proactive measures regarding interest rates [2]. - The White House Press Secretary Levitt mentioned that Trump wants the U.S. dollar to maintain its status as the world's reserve currency [4]. Group 3: Market Reactions - Following these statements, the U.S. dollar and stock market experienced a rebound, with futures continuing to rise post-market [1]. - The article suggests that with the current high tariffs and effective embargoes, the situation may only improve from here, hinting at potential investment opportunities [1].

2. 特朗普称美联储应该降低利率，且他无意解雇美联储主席鲍威尔，还表示希望鲍威尔在利率问题上采取更加积极的行动 3. 贝森特周二在华盛顿特区由摩根大通主办的私人投资者峰会上表示，与中国的贸易战是不可持续的，"没有人认为目前的现状 是可持续的"，贸易战局势可能会在 "不久的将来" 缓和。他还坚称，特朗普政策的目标 "不是脱钩"，但与中国谈判可能是 "一 场艰苦的战斗"，双方都 "不认为现状是可持续的"。 4. 2025 年 4 月 23 日，美国白宫新闻秘书莱维特表示，特朗普希望美元继续保持世界储备货币地位。 以上回应了近期大家关注的中美关税，美元信用，联储独立性，安抚意味浓厚。 美元，美股即刻反弹，盘后期货继续涨；目前中美高关税实质禁运的前提下，已经没有更差了，置之死地而后生，过程肯定是曲 折的，后面只会越来越来好，有没有被错杀的机会？ 1. 川普发表关税缓和言论，抛出橄榄枝： ...

Summary of Conference Call on the Impact of Tariffs on the Home Appliance Industry Industry Overview - The conference call discusses the home appliance industry, particularly focusing on the impact of tariffs imposed by the United States on imports from China [1][2][4]. Key Points and Arguments - **High Dependency on Imports**: The U.S. has a high dependency on home appliance imports, especially small appliances and televisions. The tariff aims to encourage manufacturing to return to the U.S., but achieving this in the short term is challenging, potentially leading to increased domestic inflation [1][2]. - **Limited Impact on Chinese Companies**: Major Chinese appliance manufacturers like Gree, Midea, and Haier have a low export ratio to the U.S., with peak exports not exceeding 6%. Therefore, the direct impact of the tariffs on these leading companies is likely overestimated [1][2]. - **Labor Cost Challenges**: The cost of labor in the U.S. is significantly higher than in China, with U.S. labor costs being nearly ten times higher. This disparity makes manufacturing in the U.S. less competitive, leading to potential doubling of retail prices if production were to shift back to the U.S. [1][2][9]. - **Overseas Production Strategies**: Chinese appliance companies are strategically increasing their overseas production capacities in regions like Southeast Asia and Mexico to mitigate the impact of tariffs. Companies like Haier and Hisense have sufficient capacity in these regions to adjust supply flexibly [1][3][12]. - **Performance of Major Appliance Companies**: White and black appliance leaders are less affected by U.S.-China tariffs and are expected to benefit from domestic consumption policies, with strong performance anticipated in Q1 2025 [1][14]. - **Small Appliance Sector Exposure**: Small appliance companies have a larger revenue exposure in the U.S. market but are actively expanding overseas production to reduce tariff impacts. Companies like Qianfeng Holdings and Stone Technology are increasing their production capabilities in Vietnam and Indonesia [1][12][13]. - **Cost Disparities in Production**: The labor cost difference for producing large appliances in the U.S. is about 50%, while for small appliances, it can reach 100%. This makes U.S. production of these products uncompetitive [5][9]. - **U.S. Market Dependency on Imports**: Approximately 55% of U.S. home appliance retail comes from imports, with a significant portion from China. The actual dependency could be as high as 70% when considering price differences [5][6]. - **Limited Recovery of U.S. Manufacturing**: Despite tariff imposition, there has been no significant improvement in U.S. manufacturing reliance on imports from 2017 to 2024, with overall import values increasing by over 10% [7][8]. - **Future Outlook for Chinese Companies**: Chinese companies are expected to manage tariff impacts effectively through global production strategies, with many maintaining low exposure to U.S. markets [10][11]. Other Important Insights - **Consumer Demand**: The domestic consumer demand in China is showing strong growth, with a year-on-year increase of 19% in retail sales of home appliances expected in Q1 2025 [14][15]. - **Policy Support**: The current domestic consumption policies in China are expected to further support the performance of home appliance companies, particularly those with a strong domestic market presence [14][15].