专题研究 2025 年 半 年 报 （2025 年 7 月） 买断式逆回购首次月初预告，流动性改 善关注短端利率机会 中美关税博弈阶段性缓和，短期内收益率 或阶段性上行，2025 年 5 月 新一轮增量金融政策的四大关注——5 月7 号国新办发布会点评，2025 年 5 月 利率债研究 作者： 中诚信国际 研究院 王 晨 chwang01@ccxi.com.cn 汪苑晖 yhwang@ccxi.com.cn 中诚信国际 研究院院长 袁海霞 hxyuan@ccxi.com.cn 全面降准或率先落地，关税博弈下收益率 高波动或延续，2025 年 4 月 三问 2025 年特别国债——全国两会精神 学习系列之三，2025 年 3 月 如需订阅研究报告，敬请联系 中诚信国际品牌与投资人服务部 赵 耿 010-66428731； gzhao@ccxi.com.cn www.ccxi.com.cn 大而美法案通过外部环境仍复杂 降准降息可期利率难改下行趋势 ——2025 年上半年货币政策与利率债回顾与下半年展望 本期要点 收益率或小幅上行,2022 年 11 月 【货币政策及利率债 2022 年前三季度回顾与下阶段 展望 ...

Group 1: Tariff Policy Overview - The U.S. will impose tariffs ranging from 25% to 40% on imports from 14 countries, including Japan and South Korea, starting August 1 [2] - The tariffs are framed as a means to protect American workers and industries, particularly targeting traditional sectors like steel and automotive [3][4] - The policy aims to reduce trade deficits, protect domestic manufacturing, and increase government revenue, with an estimated annual revenue increase of nearly $400 billion from a 10% base tariff [4] Group 2: Economic and Strategic Implications - The tariffs are seen as a tool to reshape the U.S. supply chain, encouraging domestic production and reducing reliance on foreign imports [4][5] - The strategic goal includes countering China's development and reshaping global trade rules, with a focus on technology and supply chain decoupling [5] - The tariffs have led to significant market volatility, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average experiencing sharp declines due to trade war news [6] Group 3: Market Reactions and Effects - The tariffs have resulted in increased costs for U.S. companies, with General Motors reporting over $1 billion in increased costs due to steel tariffs [6][8] - Retail giants like Walmart have warned of price increases of 12% to 15% on certain goods due to tariffs, affecting consumer prices [6] - The steel market has seen prices rise over 30%, but this has led to increased costs for downstream industries, potentially suppressing demand [8] Group 4: Broader Economic Impact - The tariffs have caused a significant shift in global commodity flows, with U.S. soybean prices plummeting due to retaliatory tariffs from China [8] - Energy markets are also affected, with concerns over global economic growth leading to suppressed demand and increased logistics costs [8] - The overall impact of the tariffs has been described as a "negative-sum game," with significant losses for both U.S. consumers and global markets [10]

Core Viewpoint - The overall market sentiment is optimistic with 10 buy signals and 6 sell signals, leading to a summary recommendation of "buy" with a current resistance level at 59.6 HKD [1]. Technical Analysis - As of the latest update, the stock price is at 58 HKD, having fallen below the 10-day moving average of 58.18 HKD but remains above the 30-day (55.11 HKD) and 60-day moving averages (52.16 HKD), indicating that the medium-term trend has not weakened [1]. - The MACD indicator and Bollinger Bands both signal a buy, while the RSI stands at 58, indicating neither overbought nor oversold conditions [1]. Key Support and Resistance Levels - The critical support level is at 54.4 HKD; if breached, the stock may drop to the support zone at 51.7 HKD. Conversely, the primary resistance level to overcome is 59.6 HKD, which, if surpassed, could lead to a challenge of the yearly high at 62.1 HKD [2]. - Despite the technical indicators suggesting a "buy" rating, the probability of an upward movement is only 54% [2]. Derivative Market Insights - On July 8, in the context of a 2.98% decline in Xiaomi's stock price, related bearish products exhibited significant leverage, with JPMorgan's bear certificate (56964) rising by 40% over two days, outperforming the stock's decline [5]. - Other bearish products, such as Societe Generale's bear certificate (57008), also showed strong performance with a 29% increase, providing substantial returns for bearish investors [5]. Bullish Strategy Recommendations - For investors optimistic about Xiaomi's future, HSBC's call option (14677) and UBS's call option (14816) are noteworthy, both with a strike price of 61.05 HKD and offering approximately 5.5 times leverage, making them suitable for medium-term holding [8]. - For those seeking higher leverage, UBS's bull certificate (64335) and HSBC's bull certificate (64019) provide about 9.6 times actual leverage, with a redemption price set at 52 HKD [8]. Bearish Strategy Recommendations - For bearish investors, UBS's put option (17706) and JPMorgan's put option (16863) offer 4.3 times leverage with a strike price around 54 HKD, with JPMorgan's put option having the lowest premium and implied volatility [11]. - JPMorgan's bear certificate (54810) and Societe Generale's bear certificate (54560) provide an impressive 15.8 times actual leverage, with redemption prices at 60.4 and 60.8 HKD respectively, making them attractive for aggressive investors [11].

投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2012】669号 中信期货研究（有⾊每⽇报告） 2025-07-11 对等关税博弈VS国内政策刺激预期，有色止 跌回升 有⾊观点：对等关税博弈VS国内政策刺激预期，有⾊⽌跌回升 交易逻辑：美国对等关税博弈仍在延续，另外，国内政策刺激预期也 在增强，整体来看，宏观预期反复，有色延续震荡。供需面来看， 基本金属供需逐步季节性趋松，国内库存去化逐步放缓，甚至部分品 种逐步小幅累库。中短期来看，关税不确定性及需求走弱预期压制价 格，但政策刺激预期及供应扰动对价格有支撑，主要关注结构性机 会，谨慎关注铝锡低吸短多机会，中长期来看，基本金属需求前景仍 存在不确定性，可关注部分供需偏过剩或者预期过剩品种的逢高沽空 机会。 铜观点：美国对铜关税或将落地，沪铜价格⾛势承压。 氧化铝观点：套利空间打开但情绪更盛，氧化铝持续上涨。 铝观点：累库节奏有所反复，铝价震荡偏强。 铝合⾦观点：需求步⼊淡季，铝合⾦震荡运⾏。 锌观点：⿊⾊系价格反弹提振镀锌需求，锌价短期偏强。 铅观点：成本⽀撑稳固，铅价震荡运⾏。 镍观点：地产热点再起，短期镍价由弱⾛强。 不锈钢观点：情绪⽀撑，不锈钢盘⾯延续上⾏。 锡观点：供需 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent export ban by China on critical minerals such as antimony, gallium, and germanium to the U.S. is a response to U.S. tariffs and technology restrictions, highlighting the geopolitical significance of these resources in global trade dynamics [3][4][8]. Group 1: Export Ban and Its Implications - In December 2024, China announced a ban on the export of critical minerals to the U.S. as a countermeasure to U.S. tariffs and technology restrictions, which included a 54% tariff on China's semiconductor industry [4][8]. - The ban aimed to protect national interests by controlling the supply of essential resources, but U.S. companies quickly adapted by sourcing these minerals through third countries like Thailand and Mexico [5][8]. Group 2: Third-Party Involvement - U.S. companies utilized a transshipment model through Thailand and Mexico to bypass China's export ban, involving processes such as relabeling and repackaging to disguise the origin of the minerals [5][6]. - From December 2024 to April 2025, the U.S. imported 3,834 tons of antimony oxide from these countries, which was equivalent to the total imports over the previous three years [5][6]. Group 3: Market Dynamics and Future Outlook - The surge in exports from Thailand and Mexico indicates a significant shift in the global supply chain, with these countries rising to become major importers of Chinese critical minerals [5][9]. - The illegal transshipment of critical minerals exposes vulnerabilities in the global trade system, potentially leading to trade disputes and affecting market competition [9]. - As global demand for critical minerals increases, competition among nations will intensify, necessitating better cooperation and governance to address resource security challenges [9].

Core Viewpoint - The strategic importance of critical minerals such as rare earths, lithium, and cobalt has increased due to the rapid development of the global renewable energy and technology industries, with China implementing export controls on some strategic minerals while the U.S. seeks alternative supply chains [1][3]. Group 1: Global Supply Chain Restructuring - China dominates the critical minerals sector, holding approximately 80% of global rare earth processing capacity, leading to export restrictions to ensure domestic demand and environmental sustainability [3]. - The U.S. is pursuing a "supply chain diversification" strategy by investing in mineral projects in allied countries like Australia and Canada, reviving domestic rare earth mining and processing capabilities, and utilizing trade intermediaries to reduce reliance on China [3]. Group 2: Third-Country Transshipment "Gray Channels" - Following China's graphite export controls, U.S. imports of graphite from China decreased, while imports from countries like South Korea, Malaysia, and India surged, indicating a pattern of "transshipment trade" [5]. - Some Chinese minerals undergo simple processing or repackaging in third countries, altering their origin documentation before being exported to the U.S., such as graphite being refined in Malaysia to carry a "Made in Malaysia" label [5]. Group 3: Technical Evasion and Compliance Strategies - This transshipment trade is not entirely illegal, as international trade rules permit changes in origin after substantial processing, though the definition of "substantial processing" varies by country [7]. - Chinese companies are establishing processing plants overseas to export raw materials for further processing, complying with export controls while meeting international demand, effectively creating a new global mineral supply chain network [8]. Group 4: Industry Impact and Future Trends - The supply chain restructuring has significantly impacted the global mineral market, increasing mineral prices and leading to higher end costs due to additional intermediaries [10]. - This situation has stimulated advancements in mineral exploration and processing technologies, attracting more investment in rare earth projects in regions like Australia and Africa [10]. - As countries place greater emphasis on critical minerals, the ongoing supply chain competition is expected to continue, necessitating technological innovation for China to maintain its industry advantage and highlighting the importance of transparent and stable mineral supply chains globally [10].

Group 1 - Trump's recent comments target Federal Reserve Chairman Powell, claiming current interest rates are "at least 3 percentage points too high" and calling for immediate rate cuts [1] - Trump estimates that every 1 percentage point increase in interest rates adds $360 billion to the refinancing costs for the U.S., based on a rough estimate of the national debt [1] - Market response to Trump's comments has been muted, with traders expecting a 93.3% probability that the Federal Reserve will maintain interest rates in July, indicating skepticism about the effectiveness of Trump's pressure [3] Group 2 - The article emphasizes that the market is often more intelligent than politicians, as market participants will ultimately vote with their money rather than being swayed by political rhetoric [5] - It highlights the importance of how news is interpreted in the financial market, noting that institutional investors and retail investors often have different interpretations of the same news due to their differing motivations [7] - The article provides examples of how market dynamics can lead to different outcomes based on institutional participation, such as the contrasting reactions of stock prices to gold price surges in different years [8] Group 3 - The article suggests that the true driving force behind market movements is capital flow rather than surface-level news, urging investors to look beyond appearances to understand the underlying dynamics [9] - It stresses the importance of relying on quantitative data for investment decisions, as the Federal Reserve's decisions are based on employment and inflation data rather than political pressure [10] - The article advises ordinary investors to focus on real market data rather than getting caught up in political debates, emphasizing the need for a data-driven approach to investing [12] Group 4 - Key recommendations for ordinary investors include not being influenced by political disputes, focusing on actual economic data, utilizing quantitative tools for market analysis, and developing personal investment logic rather than following trends [14]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the fallout from a leaked phone call between Thailand's Prime Minister Phaetongtarn Shinawatra and Cambodian leader Hun Sen, leading to Phaetongtarn's suspension and a political crisis in Thailand [1][2][6]. Group 1: Political Context - Phaetongtarn Shinawatra was suspended from her role as Prime Minister following a leaked recording of her conversation with Hun Sen, which raised suspicions of her being too close to Cambodia [1][9]. - The leaked recording has led to significant political repercussions, including the withdrawal of the Bhumjaithai Party from the ruling coalition and calls for Phaetongtarn to take responsibility for the incident [9][10]. - The relationship between Thailand and Cambodia has deteriorated, with military tensions escalating along the border, highlighted by a brief conflict in May that resulted in casualties [5][10]. Group 2: Personal Dynamics - Thaksin Shinawatra, Phaetongtarn's father and former Prime Minister, expressed shock at Hun Sen's actions and stated that their previously close relationship has been irreparably damaged [1][2]. - Thaksin indicated that the phone call was initiated by Hun Sen and criticized the manner in which it was conducted, suggesting it was premeditated to facilitate recording [2][5]. - Phaetongtarn's attempt to negotiate with Hun Sen was framed as a misjudgment, reflecting the complexities of diplomatic relations and personal ties between the two families [6][10]. Group 3: Public Reaction and Future Implications - The public response to the "phone call scandal" has been significant, with protests erupting in Bangkok demanding Phaetongtarn's resignation, indicating a loss of public trust [10]. - Analysts suggest that the political landscape in Thailand is influenced by deep-seated power dynamics, including the military's role, which could impact Phaetongtarn's political future [10]. - The potential for judicial repercussions remains, as Phaetongtarn has a limited timeframe to respond to the impeachment petition, and her ability to regain public trust is critical for her political survival [9][10].

铁合金产业风险管理日报 2025/7/10 周甫翰（Z0020173）陈敏涛（F03118345 ） 投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1290号 铁合金价格区间预测 【核心矛盾】 铁合金在煤炭价格反弹带动下，以及铁合金受技术性买盘等因素存在一定的反弹情绪 ，上周在提出推出落后 产能维持反弹趋势。近期铁合金上涨的主要逻辑还是在于政策预期和煤炭价格的强势，但现货市场受到钢厂 压价和成本走弱拖累，在终端用钢需求逐渐进入淡季背景下，铁合金长期走势仍相对较弱。 铁合金在利润修 复下，开工率回升，处于一个超季节性增产状态，铁合金产量微增但下游需求并没有明显改变，库存有累库 趋势。锰矿8月报价下调以及澳矿发运恢复，叠加黑色面临需求淡季交易负反馈预期，预计铁合金仍偏弱运 行。上周受到推动落后产能退出政策消息的影响，铁合金作为过剩产业受益相对较大，但盘面回升后，铁合 金利润修复增产的可能性较大，供应压力逐渐增加去库速度变慢，硅铁关注上方5600-5700压力位，硅锰关注 上方5800-5900压力位。短期来看强预期与弱现实的博弈，强预期处于上风，还是要等待预期是否能够真正落 地。 | | 价格区间预测（月度） | 当前波 ...

文 | 青茶 近年来，随着美国与欧盟不断对中国施压，试图通过加征关税和实施制裁来遏制中国的崛起，全球经济格局也经历了深刻的变化。与此同时，中国凭借坚定 的经济政策和灵活多变的外交策略，逐渐在国际舞台上占据了举足轻重的地位。近期，围绕稀土管控以及钢铁反倾销关税的争议引发了全球广泛关注，而中 国与巴基斯坦、孟加拉国的合作也使得印度的战略压力不断加大。那么，中国究竟是如何在这一复杂局势中实现战略突破的呢？ 稀土素有"现代工业粮食"之称，是支撑高科技产业的关键资源，尤其在军事领域及半导体产业中具有无可替代的重要作用。作为全球稀土资源的最大供应 国，中国在这一战略资源的掌控上无疑处于领先地位。近年来，随着中美贸易战的加剧，中国对稀土出口的管控逐步收紧，这引发了美国、日本、欧盟等国 家的深切忧虑，尤其在全球科技竞争日益激烈的背景下，稀土资源的供应问题成为国际政治博弈中的重要筹码。 美国对稀土的依赖几乎无法避免。稀土元素被广泛应用于高科技产品、军事装备及能源领域，尤其是在军事领域，美军的战机、导弹、雷达系统等装备几乎 都离不开稀土元素。然而，美国稀土资源的储备早已接近枯竭，若不能从外部及时获得稀土，将直接影响未来几年美军的 ...