投资咨询业务资格： 证监许可[2011]1771号 宏 观 金 融 周 报 2025年5月12日 [Table_Title] 央行超预期降准和降息，提振国内市场情绪 ——股指期货周报 [table_main] 投资要点： 行情走势：上周沪深 300 指数收于 3846.16 点，较前值上升 2.00%；累计成交 10176 亿元，日均成交 2035 亿元，较前值下降 141 亿元。两市融资融券余额 为 17919 亿元。表现较好的前五名行业分别是国防军工(6.44%)、通信(5.43%)、 银行(3.98%)、机械(3.82%)、电力设备及新能源(3.80%)；表现较差的前五名行 业分别是医药(0.98%)、农林牧渔(0.84%)、电子元器件(0.72%)、房地产(0.65%)、 消费者服务(0.30%)。 期现基差行情：IF、IH、IC、IM 当月合约基差分别为-5.96 点、-0.41 点、 -19.32 点、-25.88 点。前一周同期值分别为-18.57 点、-5.96 点、-41.62 点、-44.72 点。 跨期价差行情：IF 合约次月-当月、当季-次季、次季-当季价差分别为-31.60 点、-6 ...

报 告 正 文 关税下调大超预期，当下加征多少？ 根据联合声明的内容，美国对我国征收的125%对等关税，幅度降至初始的34%。其中10%的基础关税与其 他国家一样征收，剩下24%的关税在90天内暂停实施，等待后续谈判。由于此前美方已经豁免了超2成中国商品的对等关税，则实际关税下降幅 度会更少一些。 当下我国对美总出口关税水平约41%，包括截至去年底的11%实际关税，今年2-3月因芬太尼问题加征的20%，以及最新对等关税的10%。如果 考虑美国额外豁免的部分商品，则整体关税水平降至38%。 直接出口代替转口，抢出口或仍持续。 由于我国与他国，对美出口关税差额将大幅缩小，则转口贸易规模或出现逆转，贸易流将转换为直接对 美出口。同时考虑到特朗普贸易政策多变，其暂停的24%关税后续仍可能继续征收，那么抢出口行为仍将持续，并支撑我国出口。 年内看好出口，国内有何影响？ 年内我们看好出口，一方面，对等关税加征幅度回落，利好直接对美出口；另一方面，俄乌冲突缓和，欧洲经 济重铸也将进一步拉动我国出口，我们在《欧洲振兴，如何带动我国出口？——掘金欧洲系列之二》已外发报告中测算，欧洲振兴或至少拉动 我国出口1个百分点。不过，外部 ...

Investment Rating - The report indicates a positive outlook for the Vietnamese economy, with a real GDP growth target of 8 percent for 2025, supported by increased domestic consumption and investment [7][30]. Core Insights - Vietnam's GDP growth accelerated to 6.9 percent year-on-year in Q1-2025, up from 5.9 percent in Q1-2024, driven by stronger domestic consumption and investment [2][14]. - Merchandise exports growth slowed to 10.6 percent in Q1-2025 from 16.8 percent in Q1-2024, influenced by high base effects and potential global demand slowdown [3][15]. - FDI new commitments declined by 9.2 percent year-on-year in Q1-2025, while FDI disbursements remained resilient at $4.9 billion, reflecting a 7.1 percent increase year-on-year [3][21]. - Industrial production increased by 8.6 percent year-on-year in March 2025, compared to 4.8 percent in March 2024, with significant contributions from apparel, electronics, and machinery [4][17]. - Retail sales surged by 10.8 percent year-on-year, marking the highest growth in nearly two years, supported by a 9.5 percent increase in average monthly income [4][23]. - Inflation rose to 3.1 percent year-on-year in March 2025, driven by food and housing prices, but remains below the State Bank of Vietnam's target of 5 percent for 2025 [5][25]. Summary by Sections Economic Growth - Real GDP growth reached 6.9 percent year-on-year in Q1-2025, up from 5.9 percent in Q1-2024, with consumption and investment growing by 7.4 percent and 7.2 percent respectively [14]. Trade and Investment - Merchandise exports grew by 10.6 percent in Q1-2025, down from 16.8 percent in Q1-2024, while imports increased by 16.9 percent year-on-year [3][15]. - The trade surplus decreased to $3.2 billion in Q1-2025 from $7.7 billion in Q1-2024 [15]. Industrial Production - Industrial production index rose by 8.6 percent year-on-year in March 2025, with the PMI indicating expansion at 50.5 [4][17]. Domestic Consumption - Retail sales of goods and services increased by 10.8 percent year-on-year, supported by rising average monthly income [4][23]. Inflation and Monetary Policy - Inflation increased to 3.1 percent year-on-year in March 2025, with the SBV raising the inflation target to 5 percent for 2025 [5][25]. Fiscal Performance - Revenue collection for Q1-2025 reached 36.7 percent of the annual plan, driven by increases in VAT and corporate income tax [6][30].

Group 1: EU's Response to US Tariffs - The European Commission has initiated a public consultation regarding a list of goods for countermeasures against US tariffs, focusing on a total value of €95 billion in imports from the US [1] - The consultation will remain open until June 10 and includes various industrial and agricultural products, such as €12.9 billion in chemicals and plastics, €12 billion in machinery, and €10.4 billion in civilian aircraft [1] - The EU is also considering limiting exports of €4.4 billion in scrap steel and chemical products to the US, with potential significant impacts on companies like Boeing if new measures are implemented [1] Group 2: Trump's Criticism of the Federal Reserve - President Trump has publicly criticized Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell, labeling him as incompetent while asserting that inflation is not a concern due to falling energy prices and increasing tariff revenues [2] - This criticism reflects Trump's political strategy of attributing economic issues to individual decision-makers rather than structural problems, continuing his long-standing approach of "blame-shifting" [2] Group 3: India's Water Management and Regional Relations - India has reopened the gates of two hydropower stations on the Chenab River, which had previously cut off water supply to Pakistan, leading to significant agricultural risks in Pakistan [4] - The reopening of water supply is seen as a potential step towards improving relations between India and Pakistan, although concerns remain about underlying tensions and conflicts [7] - The management and distribution of water resources have emerged as critical global challenges, with the India-Pakistan water dispute highlighting the need for sustainable solutions in regional cooperation [7]

Group 1: Market Dynamics - The registration pace has significantly accelerated, with a total of 594 projects currently under review, an increase of 2 from the previous period[6] - In the last two weeks, 18 new private placement projects were added, a decrease of 6 from the previous period, while 7 projects were terminated, also down by 6[6] - The average time from proposal to approval has shortened to 233 days, with a 100% approval rate for projects reviewed in the last two weeks[18] Group 2: Fundraising and Pricing - Two competitive bidding projects raised a total of 1.386 billion yuan, a decrease of 88.08% from the previous period, with a full subscription rate of 100%[32] - The average base discount rate for competitive bidding projects increased by 3.05 percentage points to 11.95%[32] - The average market discount rate for these projects rose by 3.73 percentage points to 12.76%[32] Group 3: Performance Analysis - Among the six competitive bidding projects that were unlocked, 66.67% had positive returns, a decrease of 33.33 percentage points from the previous period[43] - The average absolute return on the unlock date for these projects was 23.62%, down by 6.16 percentage points[43] - For four pricing projects, the average absolute return was -20.52%, a significant drop of 96.50 percentage points from the previous period[49] Group 4: Risk Factors - Risks include slower-than-expected review progress, fluctuations in secondary market stock prices, and changes in the competitive bidding environment[54]

Macro - The People's Bank of China has indicated a shift towards a more accommodative monetary policy, emphasizing the balance between supporting the real economy and maintaining the health of the banking system [1][2] - The report highlights the need to lower bank funding costs and suggests an imminent adjustment in deposit rates, reflecting a focus on stabilizing bank margins [1] - The central bank's easing cycle is expected to continue, with potential for further interest rate cuts and structural tools if economic pressures increase [1][2] Strategy - The Chinese A/H stock market is anticipated to rise further, with a positive outlook following recent market corrections and recovery [5][6] - The report notes that investor sentiment has improved regarding the economic situation and government responses to external pressures, creating a favorable environment for market growth [5] - Key sectors for investment include technology, consumer goods, and cyclical industries, with a focus on domestic demand and supply constraints [6][7] Non-Banking - The China Securities Regulatory Commission has released a plan for the high-quality development of public funds, focusing on enhancing long-term returns and investor trust [16][17] - The plan aims to shift the focus of fund management from scale to performance, promoting innovation and efficiency within the industry [16][17] - The restructuring of fund management tasks is expected to influence industry competition and lead to a concentration of resources among leading firms [17]

5 月，观望期：出口链修复，不宜过度乐观 ——主动量化周报 核心观点 关税缓和预期持续定价，风险偏好回升短期有较强的天花板效应。下一阶段，最大的 隐含风险在于美国通胀压力飙升，美联储降息预期落空对权益资产形成二次冲击。 ❑ 过去一周市场交易主线是什么？ 关税缓和，美降息预期下修。市场过去一周核心交易关税预期缓和下的风险偏好 回暖，对于降息等政策也提前有所定价。其中，出口链对应的机械、汽车、家电 持续走强，TMT 板块也有所修复。需要注意的是，降息落地后行情上行动力明 显减弱，短期无利好催化预期，且在逆全球化大框架下，风险偏好天花板较低。 此外，对美出口持续下行，义乌小商品出口价格指数大幅飙升，美国输入性通胀 逻辑持续演绎，5 月美国通胀数据超预期飙升仍将是接下来最大风险点。 ❑ 如何理解公募新规对行情的事件性冲击？ 3 万亿公募持仓再平衡不容小觑。公募新规后，由于监管对业绩比较基准较为看 重，未来主动权益基金可能逐步变为类指数增强产品，不会相对基准有过大偏 移。那么，目前公募相较市场超配较多的行业面临持续卖出压力，而低配较多的 行业则有资金回补需求。截至 5 月 8 日，目前市场低配较多的行业包括非银、银 行 ...

Group 1 - The company is established as a joint-stock limited company in accordance with relevant regulations and has been registered with the local administration [3][4] - The registered capital of the company is RMB 971,986,293 [4] - The company aims to enhance competitiveness through the latest production technology and provide the best quality and service to gain user trust and attract shareholder investment [5][6] Group 2 - The company has a total of 971,986,293 shares, with 799,606,293 being common shares and 172,380,000 being B shares [9] - The company issues shares at a par value of RMB 1 per share, and all shares have equal rights [8][9] - The company can increase capital through public offerings, private placements, and other methods approved by the shareholders' meeting [10][11] Group 3 - The company has established a governance structure that includes a board of directors, a supervisory board, and senior management [4][5] - Shareholders have rights to dividends, voting, and other benefits proportional to their shareholdings [15][16] - The company must hold annual and extraordinary shareholder meetings to discuss key matters such as financial reports, profit distribution, and major asset transactions [41][43]

21世纪经济报道记者郑青亭、实习记者范书晴北京报道 谈及美国对欧盟加征的关税，他表示，这无法在短时间内促使德国企业对美投资激增。一方面，很多大 型德国企业早已在美国布局，另一方面，很多中小企业往往缺乏对外投资的资金或人力。因此，他呼吁 美欧在90天关税暂停期后尽快找到解决方案，以避免各方陷入双输的局面。 "中国市场的竞争非常激烈。以汽车行业为例，中国制造商在质量和技术创新上进步显著。我们在机 械、可再生技术等领域也看到了类似趋势。这是一个发展迅速的市场，有时快到我们在德国甚至欧洲的 合作伙伴难以完全察觉或理解。"5月7日，中国德国商会华北及东北地区执行董事兼董事会成员欧阳利 文(Oliver Oehms)在北京接受21世纪经济报道记者专访时说道。 当天，中国德国商会在北京发布最新一期商业信心调查报告。报告指出，美国政府掀起的新一轮关税战 给在华德国企业带来了诸多障碍。尽管如此，半数受访企业仍计划扩大在华投资，超过三分之一的企业 选择加快本地化进程，以此作为应对持续贸易紧张局势的战略性举措。 据新华社报道，当地时间6日下午，德国联邦议院进行了总理选举第二轮投票。德国联盟党总理候选人 弗里德里希·默茨在第二轮投票 ...

策略研究 | 证券研究报告 — 总量点评 2025 年 5 月 8 日 A 股 2024 年年报及 2025 年 一季报分析 科技制造仍是关注重点 全 A 非金融景气修复有亮点，但过程仍较为坎坷。 中银国际证券股份有限公司 具备证券投资咨询业务资格 策略研究 证券分析师：王君 (8610)66229061 jun.wang@bocichina.com 证券投资咨询业务证书编号：S1300519060003 证券分析师：徐亚 （8621）20328506 ya.xu@bocichina.com 证券投资咨询业务证书编号：S1300521070003 ◼ 2024 年年报业绩未能改善，2025 年一季报业绩明显改善，两期营收改善 偏慢。全部 A 股/非金融 2024 年报累计归母净利润（下或简称业绩/净利 润）同比增速分别为-2.3%/ -12.9%，较 2024Q3（-0.5%/ -7.2%）下降-1.8/- 5.7Pct。全部 A 股/非金融 2025Q1 累计业绩同比增速分别为 3.6%/4.2%， 较 2024 年年报（-2.3%/-12.9%）大幅提升 5.8/17.1Pct。全部 A 股/非金融 20 ...