冉学东 7月份物价指数的轻微上涨，浇灭了国债市场做多的热情，国债利率连续两日大涨，12日，十几年期国债利率上涨 1.113%到1.726%，30年期国债收益率上涨1.668%到2.011%，国债期货也是连续两天大跌，原因主要是周末出台的 CPI和PPI物价指数。这一次，尤其是核心物价的持续回升，对于物价趋势预期发生了重大影响。 8月9日，国家统计局发布了2025年7月份居民消费价格指数（CPI）和工业生产者出厂价格指数（PPI）。数据显 示，2025年7月CPI同比0.0%，前值0.1%，而预期是下降0.1%；核心CPI同比0.8%，前月0.7%。PPI同比-3.6%，预 期下降3.4%，前值-3.6%。 但是，反内卷政策的持续贯彻，必然会改善竞争秩序，我们看统计局解读最为权威，"全国统一大市场建设纵深推 进，煤炭、钢材、光伏、水泥和锂电等行业市场竞争秩序持续优化，煤炭开采和洗选业、黑色金属冶炼和压延加 工业、光伏设备及元器件制造、水泥制造、锂离子电池制造价格环比降幅比上月分别收窄1.9个、1.5个、0.8个、 0.3个和0.1个百分点，合计对PPI环比的下拉影响比上月减少0.14个百分点。" 核心CPI的上 ...

Export and Trade Data - July exports in USD increased by 7.2% year-on-year, up 1.3 percentage points from June, alleviating concerns about a significant decline in exports for the second half of the year[4] - Imports rose by 4.1% year-on-year in July, a substantial increase of 3 percentage points from the previous month, with imports from the US dropping to -18.9%, the lowest level this year[6] PPI and CPI Trends - July PPI month-on-month was -0.2%, a slight increase of 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, while year-on-year PPI remained stable at -3.6%[8] - July CPI year-on-year was 0%, a slight decrease of 0.1 percentage points from the previous month, with core CPI at 0.8%, up 0.1 percentage points[11] Market Dynamics - Recent shifts indicate a transition from safe assets to risk assets among residents and financial institutions, driven by low bond yields and a rising equity market since the beginning of the year[16] - The current equity market is experiencing a bullish atmosphere, with small-cap stocks outperforming large-cap stocks, reflecting an increase in market risk appetite[16] Economic Outlook - The macroeconomic environment is changing, suggesting that the most significant downward pressure on the economy may be behind, which is a fundamental driver for the stock-bond switch[18] - The expectation of a stable economic recovery, supported by proactive credit expansion, is likely to push the equity market to higher levels[18] US Interest Rate Expectations - Market expectations for US interest rate cuts have risen, with projections indicating approximately three rate cuts in 2025, totaling around 57 basis points[26]

Report Summary 1. Investment Ratings No investment ratings are provided in the reports. 2. Core Views - **Precious Metals**: The US economic data continues to be weak, and precious metals are oscillating upward. The current focus has shifted from tariffs to economic data, and precious metals are supported by easing expectations in the short - term, with the medium - to long - term allocation logic remaining unchanged [2][3]. - **Black Metals**: The inventory increase of steel has expanded, and the futures and spot prices of steel and iron ore have continued to be weak. Steel prices are expected to oscillate within a range in the short - term [4][5][6]. - **Soda Ash and Glass**: Glass production is expected to decrease, with short - term price expected to oscillate within a range [9]. - **Non - ferrous and New Energy Metals**: There is a game between strong expectations and weak reality. The prices of copper, aluminum, and other metals are affected by various factors such as macro policies, inventory, and demand, with expected short - term oscillations [10]. - **Energy and Chemicals**: The spot market is weak, and the supply - demand situation of crude oil, asphalt, PX, PTA, and other products is complex, with most products expected to maintain an oscillating pattern [14]. - **Agricultural Products**: Attention should be paid to the guidance of the August USDA and MPOB supply - demand reports. The prices of various agricultural products such as soybeans, oils, and grains are affected by factors like weather, supply - demand, and policies [18]. 3. Summary by Category Precious Metals - **Market Performance**: Last week, precious metals oscillated upward. The main contract of Shanghai Gold closed at 786.90 yuan/gram, and the main contract of Shanghai Silver closed at 7279 yuan/kilogram [3]. - **Influencing Factors**: The news of the US imposing a 39% tariff on Swiss gold triggered a sharp rise in the COMEX premium. The US economic data continued to weaken, with the July ISM non - manufacturing index at 50.1. The market expects the Fed to cut interest rates in September with a probability of nearly 90% [3]. - **Outlook**: Precious metals are supported by easing expectations in the short - term, and the medium - to long - term allocation logic remains unchanged. Next week, focus on the July US CPI data [3]. Black Metals Steel - **Market Situation**: The futures and spot markets of domestic steel continued to be weak last Friday, with low trading volumes. The inflation data in July improved, and market sentiment recovered to some extent [5]. - **Fundamentals**: Real demand continued to weaken, with the inventory of five major steel products increasing by 230,000 tons week - on - week, and the apparent consumption continuing to decline. Steel supply was at a high level, with the output of five major steel products increasing by 17,900 tons week - on - week, and the output of rebar increasing by 100,000 tons [5]. - **Cost and Outlook**: The price of coking coal strengthened, and the cost support for steel remained strong. Steel prices are recommended to be treated with an interval oscillation mindset in the short - term [5]. Iron Ore - **Market Performance**: The futures and spot prices of iron ore continued to be weak last Friday. The daily output of hot metal continued to decline, and real demand was weak, with the hot metal output expected to further decrease [6]. - **Influencing Factors**: There were increasing rumors of production restrictions in the northern region [6]. Glass - **Supply**: The daily melting volume of glass remained stable week - on - week. There are expectations of production cuts due to macro anti - involution policies [9]. - **Demand**: The terminal real estate industry remained weak, but demand improved slightly, with the downstream deep - processing orders at 9.55 days at the end of July, increasing month - on - month [9]. - **Profit**: The profits of float glass using natural gas, coal, and petroleum coke as fuels decreased week - on - week. The glass price is expected to oscillate within a range in the short - term [9]. Non - ferrous and New Energy Metals Copper - **Macro Factors**: Tariffs have basically been implemented, and the US - China 90 - day tariff truce agreement may be extended. The Fed's interest - rate cut expectations have increased significantly. The Comex copper inventory is at a multi - year high, and the terminal demand may weaken marginally [10]. Aluminum - **Market Performance**: The closing price of aluminum fell last Friday, affected by the decline in alumina. Alumina production remained high, with increased in - plant inventory and a large accumulation of warehouse receipts [10]. - **Fundamentals**: The fundamentals of aluminum have weakened recently, with domestic social inventory increasing by 100,000 tons and LME inventory increasing by 130,000 tons compared to the low in late June [10]. Aluminum Alloy - **Supply and Cost**: The supply of scrap aluminum is tight, and the production cost of recycled aluminum plants has increased, leading to losses and production cuts [10]. - **Demand**: It is in the off - season, and manufacturing orders are growing weakly. The price is expected to oscillate strongly in the short - term but with limited upside [10][11]. Tin - **Supply**: The combined operating rate of Yunnan and Jiangxi increased by 0.41% to 59.64%. The mining end is expected to be more relaxed [11]. - **Demand**: Terminal demand is weak, with a 38% year - on - year decrease in new photovoltaic installations in June. The price is expected to oscillate in the short - term, with limited upside [11]. Carbonate Lithium - **Supply**: The Fengxiawo Mine has stopped production, which is a short - term positive for supply. The production and inventory pressure are accumulating [12]. - **Outlook**: It is expected to oscillate strongly in the short - term, and attention should be paid to the hedging pressure [12]. Industrial Silicon - **Supply**: The production in the north and south regions has increased, with a weekly output of 79,478 tons, an 8.1% week - on - week increase. The price is expected to oscillate at a low level [12]. Polysilicon - **Market Situation**: It is a key anti - involution industry, with expectations remaining. The spot price provides support, and the short - term is expected to oscillate at a high level [13]. Energy and Chemicals Crude Oil - **Market Trends**: The US - Russia peace talks are ongoing, and the market expects the Russia - Ukraine conflict to ease. The spot market is weak, and the demand for crude oil is expected to decrease while supply increases [14]. - **Outlook**: There is long - term pressure on crude oil prices [14]. Asphalt - **Cost and Market**: The cost support of asphalt is weak due to the falling crude oil prices. The spot market is average, with low - to - medium trading volumes and limited inventory reduction [14]. - **Outlook**: Asphalt will continue to maintain a weak oscillating pattern [14]. PX - **Market Situation**: Short - term PTA device production has been cut, and PX devices are also operating at a limited capacity. The PXN spread is around 260 US dollars, and the PX outer market is at 831 US dollars. It will oscillate in the short - term [14]. PTA - **Market Indicators**: The PTA basis has continued to decline slightly, and downstream operating rates have increased slightly. The processing fee is low, and some major devices have cut production [15][16]. - **Outlook**: Supply and demand are expected to balance in August, and PTA will maintain an interval oscillation [16]. Ethylene Glycol - **Inventory and Supply**: Port inventory has decreased slightly to 516,000 tons, but the expected import volume will increase, and domestic device operating rates will recover [16]. - **Outlook**: It may show a situation of slightly increased supply and demand in the short - term and maintain an oscillation [16]. Short - fiber - **Market Performance**: The price of short - fiber has decreased due to the weakening of the sector. Terminal orders are average, and inventory has accumulated slightly [16]. - **Outlook**: It is recommended to short at high levels in the medium - term [16]. Methanol - **Supply - Demand Situation**: There are concentrated maintenance in the supply of methanol, and the demand in the inland region is boosted by the restart of olefin plants, while the port is weak due to olefin maintenance and increased imports [16]. - **Outlook**: The overall supply - demand contradiction is not prominent, with obvious regional differentiation, and the price is expected to oscillate [16]. PP - **Supply - Demand**: The cost - profit of PP has improved, and new production capacity is planned to be put into operation in mid - to late August. Demand is in the off - season, and industrial inventory has increased [17]. - **Outlook**: The 09 contract price fluctuation may be limited, and the 01 contract is still considered weak [17]. LLDPE - **Supply - Demand**: The supply pressure remains, and the demand shows signs of improvement. The 09 contract is expected to oscillate weakly, and the 01 contract is short - term weak [17]. Agricultural Products US Soybeans - **Market Indicators**: The net short position of soybean funds in the CBOT market has increased significantly. The US weather is favorable for crop growth, and new soybean sales are cold [18]. - **Outlook**: Attention should be paid to the August USDA supply - demand report. Soybean exports may be adjusted downward, and the price is expected to be under pressure [18]. Soybean and Rapeseed Meal - **Supply - Demand**: Domestic oil mills' soybean and soybean meal inventories have continued to increase, and the spot market is weak. Soybean meal is traded around the cost logic, and rapeseed meal is expected to oscillate in the short - term [18]. Soybean and Rapeseed Oil - **Soybean Oil**: The spot trading of soybean oil has improved, and there is a supply - tightening expectation in the fourth quarter. The soybean - palm oil spread is inverted, and there are opportunities for long - soybean - oil and short - palm - oil arbitrage [19]. - **Palm Oil**: The production and inventory of Malaysian palm oil have increased in July, and exports are weak. The domestic import profit is inverted, and the price is expected to be under pressure at a high level in the short - term [19]. Corn - **Supply**: Corn will be listed in Anhui and Xinjiang in late August, with sufficient supply expected. The spot price is stable in August [19]. Live Pigs - **Market Situation**: Pig prices rebounded over the weekend. There is reluctance to sell at low prices, and the supply pressure may ease after the Beginning of Autumn [20].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the fluctuations in industrial products, highlighting the recent changes in CPI and PPI, and the impact of supply chain issues on key commodities like lithium carbonate and rubber [1][5]. Group 1: Economic Indicators - In July, the CPI increased by 0.4% month-on-month, reversing a previous decline, while the core CPI rose by 0.8% year-on-year, marking three consecutive months of growth [1][5]. - The PPI decreased by 0.2% month-on-month, with a year-on-year decline of 3.6%, indicating a narrowing of the decline compared to the previous month [1][5]. Group 2: Key Commodities Lithium Carbonate - Supply disruptions due to mining permit delays and temporary shutdowns at major mines are expected to cause significant volatility in lithium carbonate prices [2][19]. - Chile's lithium salt exports are projected to reach 28,800 tons LCE by July 2025, a 40% increase month-on-month and a 22% increase year-on-year, with lithium carbonate exports accounting for 73% of this total [2][19]. - Social inventory of lithium carbonate has decreased for the first time since late May, but still stands at approximately 142,000 tons [2][19]. Rubber - Improved weather conditions in production areas have put downward pressure on raw rubber prices, with demand remaining weak due to the off-season for terminal consumption [2][14]. - The market is closely monitoring the progress of US-China trade negotiations, as this could impact rubber prices [2][14]. Coking Coal and Coke - The coking coal and coke markets are experiencing a stable trading environment, with minor fluctuations in trading volumes and prices [3][20]. - The supply of coking coal has decreased slightly, while iron water production remains stable, indicating limited fundamental contradictions in the market [3][20]. Group 3: Industry News - The top 100 real estate companies in China have invested a total of 578.3 billion yuan in land acquisition from January to July, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 34.3% [6]. - The article suggests that the investment confidence among these companies has been effectively restored, with ongoing government support for real estate policies [6]. Group 4: External Market Performance - The article provides a summary of external market performance, including the S&P 500 and other indices, indicating a mixed performance in global markets [8]. - The dollar index showed a slight increase, while oil prices experienced a minor decline, reflecting ongoing geopolitical tensions and market adjustments [8][11]. Group 5: Agricultural Products Soybean Meal - The article notes that soybean meal prices are under pressure due to concerns over supply and demand dynamics, particularly in the context of US-China trade relations [21]. Oilseeds - Oilseed prices are experiencing fluctuations, with palm oil facing limited pressure due to low inventory levels in Indonesia, despite a recovery in production [22]. Group 6: Shipping Index - The article highlights the recent performance of the European shipping index, which has shown a slight increase, but overall rates are expected to decline as the market adjusts to seasonal trends [23].

Group 1 - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) in July showed a month-on-month increase of 0.4%, indicating a shift from decline to growth, while the year-on-year change remained flat [1][2] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.8% year-on-year, marking the highest increase since March 2024 [2][4] - The rise in CPI was primarily driven by increases in service prices, which rose by 0.6% month-on-month, contributing significantly to the overall CPI increase [2][3] Group 2 - The Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.2% month-on-month, but the decline was less than the previous month, indicating a potential stabilization in certain industries [3][4] - The year-on-year PPI decline was 3.6%, consistent with the previous month, suggesting ongoing challenges in the manufacturing sector [4][5] - Improvements in supply-demand relationships in some industries were noted, with price declines narrowing in sectors like coal, steel, and solar energy [3][4] Group 3 - Economic stability and demand expansion are expected to support a moderate recovery in prices in the second half of the year [5][6] - Policies aimed at boosting domestic demand are anticipated to positively influence consumer prices [5][6] - The impact of international commodity price fluctuations on the domestic market is expected to diminish, contributing to a more stable price environment [6]

Group 1 - The Consumer Price Index (CPI) in July showed a month-on-month increase of 0.4%, indicating a shift from decline to growth, while the year-on-year CPI remained flat [1][2] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.8% year-on-year, marking the highest increase since March 2024, with a continuous expansion in growth for three consecutive months [2][6] - The increase in CPI was primarily driven by rising prices in services and industrial consumer goods, with service prices up 0.6% and industrial consumer goods prices up 0.5% month-on-month [2][3] Group 2 - The Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.2% month-on-month, but the decline was less than the previous month, indicating a potential improvement in supply-demand relationships in certain industries [3][5] - The domestic market's competitive order is improving, leading to a narrowing of price declines in industries such as coal, steel, photovoltaic, cement, and lithium batteries [5][6] - The overall judgment for the second half of the year suggests a mild recovery in prices, supported by stable economic conditions and effective demand expansion policies [6][10]

Group 1 - The core CPI in July 2025 showed a year-on-year increase of 0.8%, marking the third consecutive month of growth [3] - The overall CPI in July shifted from a month-on-month decrease of 0.1% to an increase of 0.4%, while the year-on-year figure remained stable [3] - Service prices rose by 0.6% month-on-month in July, contributing over 60% to the total CPI increase, driven by high demand during the summer travel season [3] Group 2 - The Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.2% month-on-month in July, but the decline was narrowed by 0.2 percentage points compared to the previous month, marking the first month of reduced decline since March [3] - The domestic market's competitive order has improved, leading to a reduction in price declines for industries such as coal, steel, photovoltaic, and lithium batteries [3]

Group 1 - In July, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in China increased by 0.4% month-on-month, reversing a previous decline of 0.1% in June, while year-on-year it remained flat [1] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy prices, rose by 0.8% year-on-year, marking an expansion in growth for three consecutive months [1] - Service prices saw a month-on-month increase of 0.6%, contributing over 60% to the total CPI increase, driven by high demand during the summer travel season, particularly in airfares, tourism, and hotel accommodations [1] Group 2 - The domestic market's competitive order continues to improve, leading to a narrowing of price declines in industries such as coal, steel, photovoltaics, and lithium batteries [2] - In July, the Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.2% month-on-month, but this decline was 0.2 percentage points smaller than the previous month, marking the first month-on-month decline reduction since March [2]

Group 1: Consumer Price Index (CPI) Trends - In July, the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased by 0.4% month-on-month, reversing the previous month's decline and exceeding seasonal levels by 0.1 percentage points, indicating positive changes in consumer prices [3] - Service prices rose by 0.6% month-on-month, contributing over 60% to the total CPI increase, driven by the peak travel season with significant price hikes in airfare (17.9%), tourism (9.1%), and hotel accommodation (6.9%) [3] - The core CPI, excluding food and energy, increased by 0.8% year-on-year, marking the highest growth since March 2024, reflecting a stable demand environment [9] Group 2: Producer Price Index (PPI) Developments - The Producer Price Index (PPI) decreased by 0.2% month-on-month in July, but the decline was less severe than in previous months, marking the first narrowing of the decline since March [10][11] - The improvement in PPI was attributed to enhanced market competition and supply-demand relationships in various industries, particularly in coal, steel, and photovoltaic sectors, which saw reduced price declines [13] - Positive price changes in industrial products were noted, driven by macroeconomic policies and increased demand for upgraded consumer goods, with notable price recoveries in aircraft manufacturing and wearable technology [15]

Core Viewpoint - The overall price index of Linyi Mall decreased slightly this week, indicating mixed trends across various product categories, with some experiencing price increases while others faced declines [1]. Price Index Summary 1. Home Appliances and Audio-Visual Equipment - The price index for home appliances and audio-visual equipment rose to 103.15 points, an increase of 0.08 points, driven by higher prices in refrigeration and purification appliances, while air conditioning sales are declining [1]. 2. Lighting - The lighting category's price index increased to 104.36 points, up by 0.06 points, primarily due to rising prices of lighting accessories and outdoor lighting, despite a slight drop in procurement demand [2]. 3. Daily Necessities - The daily necessities price index reached 102.76 points, with a minor increase of 0.01 points, as demand for bags and textiles rose during the summer vacation, although some beauty and personal care products saw price reductions due to e-commerce competition [3]. 4. Steel - The steel price index fell to 97.94 points, down by 0.92 points, with all subcategories experiencing declines due to weak demand and falling upstream raw material prices [4]. 5. Clothing and Accessories - The clothing and accessories price index decreased to 104.30 points, a drop of 0.20 points, with footwear prices continuing to decline amid increased promotional activities and weak demand [5]. 6. Boards - The board price index declined to 96.53 points, down by 0.08 points, influenced by weak demand due to high temperatures and falling prices of raw materials like rubber and timber [6].