Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing challenges and potential shifts in the international monetary system, particularly focusing on the decline of the US dollar and the implications of stablecoins in this context [3][4][5]. Group 1: Current Monetary System Challenges - Since early 2025, the narrative of "American exceptionalism" has been challenged, leading to a 12.5% decline in the US dollar index [3]. - Following the "reciprocal tariffs" impact in April, the US financial markets experienced simultaneous declines in stocks, bonds, and currency [3]. - The "Triffin Dilemma," which predicts a crisis of confidence in the dollar due to excessive credit expansion, is highlighted as a historical precedent for current issues [3][4]. Group 2: Stablecoins and Their Role - The article raises questions about the nature and functions of stablecoins, exploring their potential roles in the monetary system and their relationship with the US dollar [5]. - It emphasizes the need for a deeper understanding of the essence of money and the functions it serves, particularly in the context of stablecoins [5]. Group 3: Political and Economic Interconnections - The relationship between alliance politics, monetary issues, and strategy is underscored, indicating that the dollar and gold issues are intertwined with broader political concerns, such as US-NATO relations and Germany's role [6]. - The article stresses that economic policies cannot be viewed in isolation from strategic and foreign policy issues, highlighting the political dimensions of monetary matters [6].

Core Insights - The article discusses the rising attention towards "anti-involution" in the market, highlighting significant misunderstandings regarding the concept, particularly in the context of supply-side reforms [4] Group 1: Deep Dive on "Anti-Involution" - The market's understanding of "anti-involution" is largely misaligned, with many interpreting it through a supply-side reform lens, which may lead to incorrect conclusions [4] - Besides production adjustments and self-discipline discussions, "anti-involution" encompasses various "hidden strategies" that are not widely recognized [4] Group 2: Economic Trends and Data Analysis - Recent economic data from June reveals five notable anomalies, indicating new changes in the economy that may not be immediately apparent [21] - The U.S. inflation data for June suggests that the third quarter will serve as a critical period for validating the effects of tariffs on inflation [24] - Domestic infrastructure projects have shown a continuous recovery, indicating a potential positive trend in construction activities [26] Group 3: Export Dynamics - The role of "export grabbing" is shifting, with emerging markets nearing the end of this phase while the U.S. begins to see a resurgence in export activities [13][14] - The importance of "strategic resources" in global trade is increasing, prompting discussions on which resources in China possess strategic attributes and how they should be developed in the future [10]

关注、加星，第一时间接收推送！ 文 | 赵伟、屠强、侯倩楠 联系人| 屠强 、耿佩璇 摘要 市场对"反内卷"重视度明显上升，但对"内卷"的理解却有很大分歧；多数观点以供给侧改革的思维理 解，但差之毫厘、谬以千里；除产量调控与自律约谈外，"反内卷"也有很多"隐藏手段"。 误解"内卷内涵"："反内卷"="反过剩"？ 需求成因不同："过剩"是需求下滑、供给被动过剩，"内卷"是需求强劲领域供给主动增加。 供给侧改革 前，地产基建需求走弱，高耗能行业产能被动过剩；当下外需表现更强，但外需行业固定资产周转率下 滑至历史最低水平（2.6以下），内需行业固定资产周转率虽在下行，但仍处于历史中位数，外需行业比 内需行业更卷；外卖等服务业（非贸易部门）不存在产能过剩问题、但也在内卷。 物价表现不同："过剩"是企业因需求下滑跟随式降价，"内卷"是企业因需求强劲"降价无序竞争"。 供给 侧改革前，地产基建需求走弱，煤炭钢铁等PPI随之明显回落，相关行业制造业投资也下行；当下内卷领 域，盈利偏弱而制造业投资大幅扩张，外需领域投资增速更高（13%）。出口商品价格（同比-5%以下） 甚至低于相同商品内销价格（同比-1%~-2.5%之间）， ...

Group 1: Industrial Production - Industrial production remains relatively stable, with the blast furnace operating rate maintaining at 0.7% year-on-year [2][5][8] - The chemical production chain shows a slight decline, with soda ash and PTA operating rates down by 2.6 percentage points to 6% and 0.9 percentage points to 1.3% respectively [2][15] - The automotive sector's semi-steel tire operating rate is still below last year's level, up by 2.7 percentage points to -6.3% [2][15] Group 2: Construction Industry - The construction industry shows a mixed performance, with the nationwide grinding operating rate down by 2.4 percentage points to 3.7% [2][27] - Cement shipment rates remain low, with a year-on-year increase of 1.2% to 3% [2][27] - Asphalt operating rates have seen a recovery, up by 0.6 percentage points to 7.4% [2][35] Group 3: Real Estate Transactions - Real estate transactions are at a low point, with the average daily transaction area for new homes down by 19.1% year-on-year, despite a 13.1% increase [2][44] - First-tier cities continue to see a decline in transactions, down by 18.6% to 39.9% [2][44] - Third-tier cities show significant improvement, with transaction volumes up by 72.4% to 17% [2][44] Group 4: Transportation and Shipping - National railway and highway freight volumes have decreased, with year-on-year declines of 1.3% to 1.2% and 0.9% to 0.8% respectively [2][54] - Port cargo throughput and container throughput have also shown a decline, down by 9.3% to 6.8% and 4.7% to 0.9% respectively [2][54] - The overall intensity of human mobility remains high, with a slight year-on-year decrease of 2% to 12.6% [2][63] Group 5: Price Trends - Agricultural product prices are mixed, with pork and vegetable prices rising by 0.1% and 0.8% respectively, while egg and fruit prices fell by 2.2% and 0.1% [3][85] - Industrial product prices have generally increased, with the South China industrial price index rising by 1.1% [3][93] - The energy and chemical price index increased by 1.3%, while the metal price index rose by 0.7% [3][93]

Group 1 - Rare earths are a crucial strategic resource for China due to their key roles in military and high-tech fields, with China holding a complete industrial chain [1][7][16] - China's rare earth production accounts for 70% of global output, with projections for 2024 indicating a production of 270,000 tons, representing 68.5% of global total [1][8][16] - Despite ongoing trade tensions, the U.S. maintains a high dependency on Chinese rare earths, with reliance stabilizing around 75% in recent years [1][8][19] Group 2 - China possesses a complete industrial chain in the rare earth sector, from mining to application, making it difficult for other countries to establish alternative supply chains [2][16] - The rare earth industry is segmented into upstream mining, midstream processing, and downstream manufacturing, with only China achieving full coverage across all segments [2][16] Group 3 - Other products with "extreme reliance" on China include chemicals and mineral metals, particularly in the U.S., where 98 products have over 90% import reliance from China, totaling $16.25 billion [3][19][25] - The U.S. has seen a significant increase in dependency on mineral metals, with reliance jumping from 0% in 2022 to 100% in 2024 [3][25] - Chemical imports from China have also surged, with the dependency rate rising from 28.9% in 2010 to 93.8% in 2024 [3][25][49] Group 4 - Products with strategic value similar to rare earths include certain chemicals and metals, with a total import scale of $1.5 billion, indicating potential as key bargaining chips in trade negotiations [4][39] - Key materials such as lithium battery additives and active pharmaceutical ingredients are dominated by Chinese production, making them difficult to replace [4][33][39] Group 5 - China's export share in chemicals has significantly increased, with a 21.1 percentage point rise since 2010, reflecting enhanced competitiveness [5][42][49] - The U.S. has seen a dramatic increase in chemical imports from China, with the share rising from 34.1% in 2010 to 95.4% in 2024, highlighting the critical role of Chinese chemicals in the U.S. supply chain [5][49]

Overview - The core CPI data for June in the US was slightly weaker than expected, but the inflation effects of tariffs are becoming more evident. The June CPI year-on-year was 2.7%, slightly above the market expectation of 2.6%, while the core CPI year-on-year was 2.9%, matching expectations. The month-on-month core CPI was 0.2%, below the expected 0.3% [3][38] - The 10-year US Treasury yield and the US dollar index initially fell but later rebounded, indicating market expectations of stronger future inflation [11][38] Structure - The main drivers of the CPI rebound in June were crude oil, core goods (excluding new and used cars), and non-rent services. The energy CPI increased by 0.9% month-on-month, compared to a previous decline of 1.0%, reflecting rising global oil prices [4][39] - Core goods inflation showed signs of warming, with the core goods CPI rising by 0.2% month-on-month, indicating the gradual impact of tariffs. However, the CPI for new and used cars remained weak, with used car prices dropping by 0.7% month-on-month [20][39] - Rent inflation slightly slowed, with a month-on-month increase of 0.2% in June, down from 0.3% in May. Core non-rent service inflation rebounded, with medical, transportation, and entertainment services showing month-on-month increases [39][40] Outlook - The second half of the year may see continued upward pressure on US inflation, with the third quarter being a critical verification period for tariff inflation effects. The combination of increased tariff revenues and strong cost-pass-through willingness from US companies suggests inflation may enter an upward range [5][28] - The Federal Reserve is expected to initiate interest rate cuts in September, with two cuts anticipated within the year, despite the potential for rising inflation in the third quarter. The labor market is showing signs of weakness, which may influence the Fed's decisions [34][40]

Core Viewpoints - The economic data for June reveals five significant "anomalies," indicating new changes in the economy lurking in hidden corners [3][9][110] - Despite strong performance in exports and industrial production, the second quarter GDP remained in line with expectations due to a notable decline in construction output and price disturbances affecting nominal indicators [3][9][110] Economic Data Overview - In Q2, GDP grew by 5.2%, matching expectations, while June's retail sales increased by 4.8%, below the expected 5.6%. Fixed asset investment rose by 2.8%, also below the anticipated 3.7%, and industrial value added increased by 6.8%, exceeding the expected 5.5% [2][8][107] Consumption Insights - Retail sales and catering revenues saw a significant decline due to the misalignment of e-commerce promotions and competitive subsidies from food delivery platforms. In June, retail sales growth fell by 1.6 percentage points to 4.8%, with notable drops in categories like home appliances and communication equipment [3][20][108] Investment Analysis - Fixed asset investment growth fell to a three-year low, with a 2.7 percentage point drop to 0% in June. This decline is attributed to a decrease in investment prices and significant downturns in construction, manufacturing, and service sector investments [4][23][66] Real Estate Sector - Although real estate financing improved in June, investment remained weak due to the ongoing impact of reduced stock projects. Credit financing for real estate companies rose by 6.8 percentage points to -2.3%, but real estate investment growth fell to -12.9% [4][30][109] Industrial Production - Industrial value added surged due to an increase in working days and "export grabbing." In June, industrial value added rose by 1 percentage point to 6.8%, with specific sectors like textiles and chemical raw materials benefiting from this trend [5][41][54] Long-term Economic Outlook - The "demand front-loading" and "fiscal front-loading" effects may lead to a switch in economic strength between the first and second halves of the year. The economic adjustment phase since 2022 is nearing its end, with expectations for GDP growth around 4.6% in the second half, while the annual target remains at 5.0% [6][46][110]

Core Viewpoint - The improvement in credit is primarily driven by the rapid growth of short-term loans from enterprises, with a monthly year-on-year increase of 490 billion [3][46] - In June, total new credit reached 2.24 trillion, with a year-on-year increase of 110 billion, where enterprise loans increased by 1.4 trillion, mainly from short-term loans [3][46] - The cautious attitude of enterprises towards long-term investments is reflected in the decline of the PMI production expectation index from 53.3 to 52.0 [3][46] Credit and Loan Data - In June, new loans to residents amounted to 597.6 billion, showing a mild improvement, primarily from operational loans rather than consumption or housing needs [3][13] - The increase in household loans was 1.17 trillion in the first half of the year, with operational loans contributing 923.9 billion [3][13] - The BCI employment outlook index was at 49.1, indicating a challenging employment environment affecting consumer loans [3][13] Social Financing and Government Bonds - The year-on-year increase in social financing expanded, mainly due to net financing from government bonds, with a total increase of 4.7 trillion in the first half of the year [4][47] - Government bond net financing contributed 4.3 trillion to the social financing increase, but the rapid improvement phase may be coming to an end [4][47] - Future social financing growth may stabilize as government bond financing levels remain high [4][47] Monetary Policy Outlook - The People's Bank of China indicated that the effects of monetary policy will take time to manifest, with new policy tools expected to stimulate credit growth and stabilize the economy in the second half of the year [4][22] - The implementation of monetary policy will be adjusted based on domestic and international economic conditions [4][22] M1 and M2 Growth - In June, new credit totaled 2.24 trillion, with a year-on-year increase of 110 billion, primarily from the enterprise sector [5][48] - M2 increased by 0.4 percentage points to 8.3%, while M1 rose by 2.3 percentage points to 4.6% [5][49] - The structure of deposits showed an increase in household deposits by 2.47 trillion and enterprise deposits by 1.78 trillion, while fiscal deposits decreased [5][49]

关注、加星，第一时间接收推送！ 文 | 赵伟、屠强 联系人 | 屠强、浦聚颖、耿佩璇 摘要 事件： 7月14日，海关公布6月进出口数据，出口（美元计价）同比5.8%、预期3.6%、前值4.8%；进口 （美元计价）同比1.1%、预期-0.6%、前值-3.4%。 核心观点：对新兴国家"抢出口"接近结束，对美国"抢出口"开始发酵 然而，此前通过新兴国家"抢出口"的现象仍继续退坡。 从四大类出口商品来看，此前主要面向新兴经济 体出口的中游制造类商品（-0.6pct至5.7%）于本月继续下滑。尽管肥料（+63.7pct至59.3%）的出口回升 明显，但其规模较小；规模较大的集成电路（-9.2pct至24.2%）等增速明显回落，进一步验证了我国对新 兴国家的"抢出口"现象持续退坡。 展望未来，7月我国出口有望因对美"抢出口"延续而维持韧性，但"抢出口"或在8月结束，届时出口将面 临需求透支带来的负面影响。 新兴国家对等关税暂停期将结束，7 月"抢转口"必要性下降。但对美"抢出 口"有望接续，两个指标可做参考：一是通常领先出口一个月的加工贸易进口同比在6 月继续回升；二是 义乌小商品价格仍维持高位。 常规跟踪：出口、进口均 ...

Group 1: Macroeconomic Overview - Developed markets experienced a decline, with the S&P 500 down 0.3% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average down 1.0% [2][4] - The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield rose by 8 basis points to 4.4%, while the dollar index increased by 0.9% to 97.87 [2][4] - The expiration of tariff exemptions led to increased tariffs on 14 countries, effective August 1, including Japan and South Korea at 25% [2][4][66] Group 2: Sector Performance - In the U.S., most sectors within the S&P 500 saw declines, particularly financials (-1.9%), consumer staples (-1.8%), and communication services (-1.2%) [9] - Conversely, energy, utilities, and industrial sectors showed gains of 2.5%, 0.7%, and 0.6% respectively [9] - In the Eurozone, non-essential consumer goods, industrials, and energy sectors rose by 2.5%, 2.4%, and 2.3% respectively, while communication services and utilities fell [9] Group 3: Commodity Prices - Commodity prices generally increased, with WTI crude oil rising by 2.9% to $68.5 per barrel and Brent crude oil up by 3.0% to $70.4 per barrel [48] - COMEX gold increased by 0.8% to $3359.8 per ounce, while COMEX silver surged by 5.9% to $38.9 per ounce [48][54] - LME copper fell by 2.4% to $9640 per ton, while LME aluminum saw a slight increase of 0.1% [54] Group 4: Currency Movements - The dollar index rose by 0.9%, with most currencies depreciating against the dollar, including the Japanese yen (-2.0%) and the British pound (-1.1%) [31][42] - The offshore RMB depreciated to 7.1736 against the dollar, with the onshore rate at 7.1710 [42][31] Group 5: Fiscal and Monetary Policy - The U.S. fiscal deficit for 2025 reached $804.4 billion, up from $772.5 billion the previous year, with total expenditures at $4.4 trillion [69][70] - The June FOMC meeting minutes revealed a division among officials regarding the impact of tariffs on inflation, with some believing it would have a temporary effect while others anticipated a more lasting impact [81][82]