Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal emphasizing "moderate advanced new infrastructure construction," highlighting the need for local governments to implement this requirement and adapt their strategies based on regional characteristics [1][2]. Group 1: Understanding "Moderate Advanced New Infrastructure" - The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposes "moderate advanced construction," focusing on the development of information communication networks, integrated computing networks, and major technological infrastructure, while also promoting the digital transformation of traditional infrastructure [2][7]. - The scope of new infrastructure has significantly expanded compared to the "14th Five-Year Plan," now covering communication networks, data, and computing fields, driven by the digital transformation of the economy [2][9]. - From 2019 to November 2025, investments in electricity, heat, internet software, and logistics have increased by 10.4%, 5.0%, and 4.1% respectively, indicating the core investment attributes of new infrastructure [12][61]. Group 2: Commonalities and Differences in Local Infrastructure Layout - Local governments focus on integrating infrastructure and enhancing information infrastructure, with 28 regions proposing the digital transformation of traditional infrastructure [3][15]. - The North China region emphasizes the construction of national data hubs and energy transition, with Beijing leading in data management and resource centers [3][29]. - The East and South China regions leverage their low-altitude economic potential and developed water transport systems, focusing on low-altitude infrastructure and smart upgrades to water transport [3][35]. Group 3: Policy Support for New Infrastructure in 2026 - Fiscal policies have increased support for new infrastructure through policy financial tools, with the China Development Bank allocating 98.02 billion yuan to digital economy and AI projects [5][43]. - Monetary policies have introduced tools like technology innovation loans to support new infrastructure, with green loans and infrastructure upgrade loans growing at rates of 17.5%, 25.1%, and 22.3% respectively by the third quarter of 2025 [49][52]. - Regulatory measures will optimize spatial layouts, control hidden debts, and prevent redundant construction, aiming to enhance the overall effectiveness of new infrastructure development [52][64].

报告正文 (一) 2026年"两新"首批额度下达，设备更新范围扩大 2026年"两新"首批政策下达，优化补贴方式、扩大设备更新范围等。 12月29日，国家发改委、财政部 发文，扩大设备更新支持范围至新老小区加装电梯等领域，并明确消费品以旧换新补贴方式。例如，新能源 乘用车补12%、最高2万元，从固定额度补贴变为按比例补贴；补贴资金按东部85%、中部90%、西部95% 的比例分担。12月30日，商务部等的发文，明确汽车报废 / 置换更新、6类家电以旧换新、4类数码智能产品 购新四大全国统一补贴领域，各地不得变更品类或调整标准。地方配套资金用于该四大领域需遵统一要求， 其余可在政策框架内自主确定补贴相关。 | 补贴类型 | 对比维度 | 2026 年首批"两新"政策 | 2025 年直批"两新"政策 | 核心变化 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 补贴总金额 | 未明确总额,延续央地 9:1 分担,按李度分 | 超长期特别国债 5000亿元(消费品 | | | | | 批次下达 | 3000 亿 + 设备 2000 亿) | | | | 汽车以旧换新补贴方式 | 按新车销 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal emphasizing "moderate advanced new infrastructure construction," highlighting the need for local governments to implement this requirement and adapt their strategies based on regional characteristics [1][59]. Group 1: Understanding "Moderate Advanced New Infrastructure" - The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposes "moderate advanced construction," focusing on the development of information communication networks, integrated computing networks, and major technological infrastructure, while also promoting the digital transformation of traditional infrastructure [2][60]. - The scope of new infrastructure has significantly expanded compared to the "14th Five-Year Plan," now covering communication networks, data, and computing fields, driven by the digital transformation of the economy [2][9]. - From 2019 to November 2025, investments in electricity, heat, internet software, and logistics have increased by 10.4%, 5.0%, and 4.1% respectively, indicating the core investment attributes of new infrastructure [12][61]. Group 2: Commonalities and Differences in Local Infrastructure Layout - Local governments focus on integrating infrastructure and enhancing information infrastructure, with 28 regions proposing the digital transformation of traditional infrastructure [3][62]. - The North China region emphasizes the construction of national data hubs and energy transition, with Beijing leading in data management and resource centers [4][29]. - The East and South China regions leverage their advantages in low-altitude economy and water transport, focusing on low-altitude infrastructure and smart upgrades of water transport systems [4][35]. Group 3: Policy Support for New Infrastructure in 2026 - Fiscal policies have increased support for new infrastructure through policy financial tools, with the China Development Bank allocating 98.02 billion yuan to digital economy and AI projects [5][43]. - Monetary policies have introduced tools like technology innovation loans to support new infrastructure, with green loans and infrastructure upgrade loans growing at rates of 17.5%, 25.1%, and 22.3% respectively by the third quarter of 2025 [6][49]. - Regulatory measures will optimize spatial layouts, control hidden debts, and prevent redundant construction, aiming to enhance the overall effectiveness of new infrastructure development [6][52].

Core Viewpoint - The article argues that the high growth in equipment investment is not primarily driven by the "Two New" policies or the manufacturing Juglar cycle, but rather by strong investment in broad infrastructure and the service sector [2][9][71]. Group 1: Misconceptions about Equipment Investment Growth - Misconception 1: The strong equipment investment is attributed to the Juglar cycle; however, it is actually driven by robust growth in broad infrastructure and service sector investments. In 2024, the growth rates for equipment purchases in construction (65.5%), narrow infrastructure (46.1%), public utilities (16.5%), and services (13.9%) significantly outpaced manufacturing (6.5%), contributing an additional 8.1 percentage points to overall equipment investment [2][9][71]. - Misconception 2: The strong equipment investment is influenced by the "Two New" policies; however, the investment rhythm and structure contradict this view. The special government bonds supporting "Two New" policies will only ramp up in the second half of 2024, while manufacturing and equipment purchase investments had already surged in February 2024 [2][9][71]. - Misconception 3: The strong manufacturing investment is a result of strong equipment investment; in reality, it stems from construction and installation investments (expansion investments). Since 2024, while manufacturing and equipment purchase investments have grown simultaneously, the growth in equipment investment is not solely derived from manufacturing [3][21][71]. Group 2: Drivers of High Equipment Investment Growth - Reason 1: The establishment of a modern industrial system has boosted digital infrastructure, combined with natural renewal cycles and recovering travel demand, driving equipment investment in narrow infrastructure and construction. In 2024, narrow infrastructure equipment purchases contributed 4.3 percentage points to total equipment investment, exceeding manufacturing's contribution [4][25][77]. - Reason 2: The acceleration of energy transition and thermal power renovation investments in central and western regions has strengthened public utility equipment investments, particularly since the intensification of the "dual carbon" policy in 2021 [4][32][77]. - Reason 3: Increased fiscal spending on research and improvements in travel chain demand have driven strong service sector equipment investments. Since 2023, service sector equipment investments have shown a trend of outpacing construction investments [5][42][77]. Group 3: Sustainability of High Equipment Investment Growth - Main Line 1: Narrow infrastructure is expected to rebound significantly, especially in digital infrastructure and hub-related investments. Recent policy measures, including a reduction in the proportion of special refinancing bonds, are anticipated to support a rebound in infrastructure investment in 2026 [6][48][79]. - Main Line 2: The "dual carbon" policy is expected to enhance investments in equipment for carbon reduction, including renovations in high-energy-consuming industries and investments in renewable energy [6][53][79]. - Main Line 3: Policies related to "investment in people" are likely to be significantly strengthened, with service sector equipment investments related to consumer infrastructure expected to recover actively [6][58][79]. - Main Line 4: Equipment investments related to external demand are expected to remain resilient, particularly in sectors supporting the industrialization of emerging economies [6][63][79].

Group 1: Industrial Production Trends - The industrial production shows a mixed trend, with an increase in blast furnace operation and apparent steel consumption. The blast furnace operating rate increased by 0.7% week-on-week and rose by 1.3 percentage points year-on-year to 90% [2] - The steel apparent consumption increased by 0.9% week-on-week and rose by 4.4 percentage points year-on-year to 220 million tons [2] - The social inventory of steel continued to decline, decreasing by 2.5% week-on-week [2] - The petrochemical and consumer chains are generally weak, with the soda ash operating rate decreasing by 1.7% week-on-week and down 4.3 percentage points year-on-year to -2.4% [6] - The PTA operating rate increased by 0.2% week-on-week but fell by 1.8 percentage points year-on-year to -8.4% [6] Group 2: Construction Industry Insights - In the construction sector, cement demand showed marginal improvement, with the grinding operating rate decreasing by 3.8% week-on-week and down 3.9 percentage points year-on-year to 4.7% [11] - The cement shipment rate decreased by 1.1% week-on-week but increased by 0.4 percentage points year-on-year to -1.4% [11] - Cement inventory continued to decline, with the inventory-to-capacity ratio decreasing by 1.7% week-on-week and increasing by 0.1 percentage points year-on-year to 0.5% [11] Group 3: Demand and Consumption Trends - The national commodity housing transaction remains at a low level, with the average daily transaction area in 30 major cities decreasing by 26.1% week-on-week and down 0.5 percentage points year-on-year to -26% [20] - The transaction in first and second-tier cities improved year-on-year, increasing by 1% and 7.6% respectively, while third-tier cities saw a decline of 21.2% year-on-year to -50.8% [20] - The port cargo throughput showed a rebound, with container throughput increasing by 2.4% year-on-year to 9% [25] - The intensity of human mobility increased, with the national migration scale index rising by 26 percentage points year-on-year to 35.1% [29] Group 4: Price Trends - Agricultural product prices showed differentiation, with egg and vegetable prices decreasing by 0.8% and 2.8% respectively, while fruit prices increased by 0.8% [48] - The industrial product price index increased by 0.6% week-on-week, with the energy and chemical price index decreasing by 0.2% and the metal price index increasing by 1.9% [54]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant correlation between the Hong Kong stock market and the Renminbi (RMB) since 2016, highlighting a recent divergence where the RMB has appreciated rapidly while the Hong Kong stock market has not followed suit, raising questions about the underlying logic of this relationship and potential future developments [1][2][3]. Group 1: RMB and Hong Kong Stock Market Relationship - Historically, there has been a significant positive correlation between the RMB and the Hong Kong stock market, with a negative correlation of -0.54 between the Hong Kong stock index and the USD/RMB exchange rate since 2016 [2][7]. - When the RMB appreciates by more than 1.5% in a month, there is a 93.5% probability that the Hang Seng Index will rise in that month [2][7]. - However, since November 13, 2025, the RMB has appreciated by 1.9%, while the Hang Seng Index has declined by 4.8%, marking a significant divergence from historical trends [2][24]. Group 2: Reasons for the Divergence - The weak performance of key sectors in the Hong Kong stock market has limited the positive impact of RMB appreciation on corporate earnings [3][30]. - The RMB appreciation can amplify both profits and losses, and recent earnings reports indicate a decline in expected earnings per share (EPS) for the Hang Seng Index, which weakens the revaluation effect [3][30]. - The market has been characterized by profit-taking behavior, with low trading volumes limiting the immediate response of the Hong Kong stock market to favorable factors [3][40]. Group 3: Future Outlook for RMB and Hong Kong Stock Market - There is potential for the correlation between the Hong Kong stock market and the RMB to return, driven by improvements in corporate earnings and the restoration of foreign investment allocation effects [4][50]. - The combination of upward growth in next fiscal year earnings and downward revisions in current fiscal year earnings often signals an improvement in earnings expectations [4][50]. - The recovery of the Producer Price Index (PPI) may attract foreign capital inflows, and the reallocation of household savings could have spillover effects on the Hong Kong stock market [4][58].

Group 1: Major Asset Performance - The Hang Seng Index and other major indices saw mixed performance, with the Hang Seng Index rising by 2.0% and the DAX increasing by 0.7%, while the NASDAQ and S&P 500 fell by 1.5% and 1.0% respectively [2][8] - In the US, the S&P 500 sectors mostly declined, with energy and utilities up by 3.3% and 0.9%, while consumer discretionary and information technology fell by 3.2% and 1.5% [8] - Emerging market indices showed positive trends, with the Korean Composite Index rising by 4.4% and the Ho Chi Minh Index by 3.2% [2] Group 2: Bond Yields and Currency Movements - Developed countries' 10-year bond yields mostly increased, with the US yield rising by 5.0 basis points to 4.19% [19] - Emerging market 10-year bond yields also saw increases, particularly in Turkey, which rose by 133.0 basis points to 29.06% [22] - The US dollar index increased by 0.4% to 98.46, while other currencies depreciated against the dollar, including the euro and the British pound [25][35] Group 3: Commodity Prices - Commodity prices showed mixed results, with WTI crude oil rising by 1.0% to $57.3 per barrel, while gold and silver prices fell significantly, with gold down by 5.0% to $4317.8 per ounce and silver down by 10.3% to $70.7 per ounce [40][46] - The prices of base metals increased, with LME copper rising by 2.4% to $12510 per ton and LME aluminum by 1.8% to $3010 per ton [46] Group 4: Geopolitical Events and Economic Policies - The US military conducted airstrikes in Venezuela, escalating tensions in the region, as part of a broader strategy against the Maduro regime [56] - Japan's government announced a record-high budget for the fiscal year 2026, totaling 122.3 trillion yen, marking a 6.3% increase from the previous year [61] - The US postponed tariff increases on furniture and semiconductor imports, maintaining the current 25% tariff rate for an additional year [66]

Global Macro Assets - Major overseas stock indices showed mixed performance during the New Year holiday, with the US indices declining: Nasdaq down 1.6%, Dow Jones down 1.4%, and S&P 500 down 1.1% [2][7] - Long-term bond yields in major developed countries mostly rebounded, with the 10Y US Treasury yield rising by 5.0 basis points to 4.19% [9][12] - Oil prices continued to weaken, with WTI and Brent crude down 1.8% and 2.4% respectively, while gold prices quickly retreated by 3.7% after reaching a historical high [12][13] Overseas Fundamentals & Data - The Federal Reserve's December meeting minutes revealed a division of opinions among officials regarding future interest rate cuts, with some supporting a pause [15] - Initial jobless claims in the US for the week ending December 27 were 199,000, lower than the expected 218,000 [17] - The US military conducted airstrikes in Venezuela, escalating geopolitical tensions, with President Trump claiming the capture of Venezuelan President Maduro [20] - Trump announced a delay in tariff increases on furniture and kitchen cabinets from January 1, 2026, to January 1, 2027 [25] Domestic Events & Data - During the New Year holiday, domestic travel intensity increased significantly, with a year-on-year increase of 20.3% in cross-regional passenger flow [30][37] - Domestic tourism, particularly "ice and snow tourism" and "winter escape tourism," saw a notable rise, while cross-border travel experienced a decline [43] - The average ticket price for economy class flights during the New Year holiday was 597 yuan, showing a slight decrease of 1.1% year-on-year [50] - The film market showed steady recovery, with daily box office revenue increasing by 42.5% compared to the same period in 2025 [53]

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