Group 1: Financial Data Overview - The growth rate of social financing (社融) remained stable at 8.7% in May, with new social financing of 2.29 trillion yuan, an increase of 227.1 billion yuan year-on-year[9] - Government bonds, corporate bonds, and foreign currency loans were the main supporting items for social financing, while weak entity credit continued to be the largest drag, indicating a weak internal financing willingness[9] - New corporate short-term loans amounted to 1.1 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 230 billion yuan, while new medium- and long-term loans were 330 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 170 billion yuan[21] Group 2: Household Sector Insights - Household short-term loans decreased by 20.8 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 45.1 billion yuan, while new medium- and long-term loans were 74.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.2 billion yuan[22] - The real estate market showed signs of marginal recovery, with the transaction area of commercial housing in 30 cities decreasing by 3.3% year-on-year, but rebounding by 8.8 percentage points compared to the previous month[22] Group 3: Monetary Supply Trends - M1 growth rate increased by 0.8 percentage points to 2.3%, while M2 growth rate slightly decreased by 0.1 percentage points to 7.9%[35] - The increase in M1 was attributed to a low base effect from last year and a tendency for companies to hold cash rather than invest[35] - The marginal decline in M2 was influenced by a decrease in the attractiveness of deposits relative to wealth management products and an increase in fiscal deposits of 880 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 116.7 billion yuan[38] Group 4: Future Outlook and Risks - The outlook for social financing growth is expected to fluctuate within the range of 8.5%-9.0%, with government bonds continuing to act as a stabilizer[44] - Key risks include macroeconomic performance falling short of expectations, slower demand recovery, and potential geopolitical risks[45]

Export Performance - In May, export growth was 4.8%, down 3.3 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a decline in momentum[3] - Cumulative export growth for May was 6.0%, higher than the annual growth rate from last year, suggesting continued resilience[3] - Exports to the US fell sharply by 34.5%, a decline of 13.5 percentage points compared to the previous month[4] Regional Export Trends - Exports to the EU increased by 12.0%, up 3.7 percentage points from the previous month, with Germany contributing a growth rate of 21.5%[4] - Exports to Canada rose by 20.3%, indicating a continuation of transshipment trade[4] - ASEAN exports showed resilience with a contribution of 2.5 percentage points to overall export growth, accounting for 52.6% of the total[4] Product-Specific Insights - Labor-intensive products like bags, textiles, and footwear saw declines in export growth rates of -10.3%, -2.0%, and -5.6% respectively, dragging down overall export growth by 0.3 percentage points[5] - High-tech products, particularly integrated circuits, saw a significant increase in export growth of 33.4%[5] - Automotive exports improved significantly with a growth rate of 13.7%, up 9.3 percentage points from the previous month[5] Import Trends - Import growth fell by 3.4%, a decrease of 3.2 percentage points from the previous month, primarily due to declining prices of bulk commodities like coal and crude oil[7] - Agricultural imports showed recovery with a growth rate of 0.7%, up 17.96 percentage points from the previous month, driven by soybeans and grains[7] Future Outlook - Export resilience is expected to continue in the short term, supported by adjustments in shipping capacity to the US and sustained demand from ASEAN[8] - However, potential pressures on exports are anticipated in the second half of the year due to changes in US tariff policies and the expiration of exemptions on certain goods[8]

Production Side - As of the fourth week of May, the national blast furnace operating rate was 83.89%, up 0.26 percentage points from the previous month[3] - The rebar operating rate was 42.64%, increasing by 0.83 percentage points month-on-month[3] - The cement mill operating rate was at a low level of 41.83%, down 0.40 percentage points from the previous month[3] - The inventory of rebar was 186.42 million tons, down 0.69 percentage points month-on-month[3] Demand Side - In May, the sales area of commercial housing in 30 cities was 201.56 million square meters, down 2.12% month-on-month[60] - The land transaction area was 903.48 million square meters, down 5.97% month-on-month[60] - The average daily sales of passenger cars were 60,823 units, up 18.85% month-on-month[89] Price Trends - The average price of cement was 368.33 yuan/ton, down 1.61% month-on-month[72] - The price of rebar was 3,077.13 yuan/ton, down 2.36% month-on-month[73] - The PPI for copper was 77,042 yuan/ton, down 0.58% month-on-month[99]

Group 1: Manufacturing Sector - The manufacturing PMI for May is 49.5%, an increase of 0.5 percentage points from the previous month, but still below the critical line, indicating weak manufacturing sentiment[7] - The new orders index for manufacturing is at 49.8%, up 0.6 percentage points, but remains below the critical line, suggesting insufficient demand[11] - The inventory indices for raw materials and finished products are both below the critical point, indicating inadequate replenishment sentiment in manufacturing[16] Group 2: Service Sector - The service sector PMI increased to 50.2%, a rise of 0.1 percentage points, indicating continued expansion in business activities[21] - The new orders index for services is at 46.6%, below the critical line, pointing to weak demand conditions[21] - The business activity expectations index is at 56.5%, indicating a positive outlook for future service sector activities[21] Group 3: Construction Sector - The construction PMI is recorded at 51%, a decrease of 0.9 percentage points, but still above the critical line, indicating ongoing expansion albeit at a slower pace[27] - The new orders index for construction is at 43.3%, suggesting pressure on demand[27] - The employment index in construction is at 39.5%, indicating insufficient hiring sentiment in the sector[27] Group 4: Economic Outlook - The overall economic sentiment is supported by recent monetary policy measures, including interest rate cuts and structural adjustments aimed at economic recovery[30] - Risks include deviations from expected fundamental recovery, unexpected macroeconomic policies, and geopolitical uncertainties[31]

证券研究报告 宏观经济点评 2025 年 05 月 29 日 短评：美国国际贸易法院裁定特朗普 IEEPA 关税无效之后 [Table_Author] 杨见一 分析师 沈夏宜 分析师 Email:yangjianyi@lczq.com Email:shenxiayi@lczq.com 证书:S1320525050001 证书:S1320523020004 核心观点： 事件：5 月 28 日周三，美国国际贸易法院（CIT）裁定特朗普政府所有基 于 IEEPA 法案加征的关税均无效，要求停止征收相关关税。美国国际贸 易法院三位法官组成的合议庭认为，《国际紧急经济状态权力法》 （IEEPA）并未授权总统干预正常贸易，因此特朗普总统无权利用 IEEPA 对全球无限制性地加征关税，并要求特朗普在 10 天之内发布永久禁止滥 用 IEEPA 的新行政命令。目前，特朗普政府已经向联邦巡回法院提出上 诉，质疑联邦贸易法院的权威性。 美国国际贸易法院禁令覆盖哪些关税政策？特朗普上任以来颁布的关税政 策中，大部分通过国际贸易法方式落地。其中包括 2 月、3 月对墨西哥、 加拿大和中国施加的芬太尼关税和 4 月"解放日"颁布的全球 ...

Revenue Insights - General public budget revenue from January to April reached CNY 8.06 trillion, with a year-on-year growth rate of -0.4%, an improvement of 0.7 percentage points from the previous period[9] - Tax revenue showed a year-on-year decline of -2.1%, but the decline narrowed by 1.4 percentage points, indicating marginal improvement[11] - Non-tax revenue grew by 7.7% year-on-year, although the growth rate decreased by 1.1 percentage points compared to the previous period[11] Expenditure Insights - General public budget expenditure increased by 4.6% year-on-year, up 0.4 percentage points from the previous period, with a completion rate of 31.5%[2] - Central government expenditure grew by 9%, while local government expenditure increased by 3.9%, indicating a stronger performance from the central government[2] - Social security and employment expenditure rose by 8.5%, making it the largest fiscal expenditure item for the month[50] Fund Revenue and Debt Insights - Land transfer revenue continued to decline, with a year-on-year decrease of -11.4%, reflecting a sluggish real estate market[75] - Government fund revenue fell by -6.7% year-on-year, although the decline narrowed by 4.3 percentage points, indicating marginal improvement[75] - The issuance progress of new special bonds by local governments was slow, with only 27% completed by April[75] Economic Outlook - The Central Political Bureau meeting emphasized the need for proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies to support economic recovery[3] - Recent monetary policy adjustments, including interest rate cuts, are expected to further stabilize economic growth[3]

Production - In April, the industrial added value year-on-year growth rate was 6.1%, lower than the previous value but higher than the consensus expectation of 5.2%[11] - The export delivery value year-on-year growth rate was 0.9%, a significant decrease of 6.8 percentage points from the previous month[11] - Cumulative industrial added value growth for April was 6.4%, exceeding the full-year growth rate for 2024 by 0.6 percentage points[3] Investment - Fixed asset investment growth rate in April was 4.0%, down 0.2 percentage points from the first quarter but still 0.8 percentage points higher than the full-year growth for 2024[19] - Broad infrastructure cumulative growth rate was 10.9%, slightly lower than the previous month but still strong, with a year-on-year growth of 26.0% in electric heating and water projects[4] - Real estate investment growth rate in April was -11.3%, with a decline of 1.3 percentage points from the previous month, indicating a weakening trend in the sector[21] Consumption - In April, the year-on-year growth rate of social retail sales was 5.1%, down 0.8 percentage points from the previous month, reflecting a decrease in consumer willingness due to external uncertainties[35] - Essential consumption grew at a rate of 14.8%, while optional consumption saw a slight decline, with automotive consumption growth at only 0.7%[35] - Jewelry consumption surged by 19.3%, driven by gold price fluctuations, while home improvement materials benefited from the renovation season with a growth rate of 9.7%[35] Outlook - External demand may recover as the U.S. reduces tariffs on Chinese goods from 145% to 30%, potentially boosting production confidence[7] - Domestic demand is expected to remain stable, supported by recent monetary policy easing measures such as interest rate cuts and increased issuance of special bonds[7]

证券研究报告 宏观经济点评 2025 年 05 月 16 日 美国 4 月 CPI 点评：通胀持续低于预期，关税影响暂未显现 Email:yangjianyi@lczq.com Email:shenxiayi@lczq.com 核心观点： 2025.05.12 美国 5 月宏观经济点评："负增"之下的 美国经济还能走多远？ 2025.05.08 4 月高频数据跟踪 4 月美国 CPI 同比 2.3%，低于预期，核心 CPI 同比 2.8%。4 月整体 CPI 同比增速 2.3%，预期 2.4%；环比 0.2%，预期 0.3%。核心 CPI 同比 2.8%，与前值和预期持平；环比 0.2%，预期 0.3%。4 月整体 CPI 同环比 均低于预期，核心 CPI 与预期持平，反映关税通胀压力暂未传导至月度价 格数据。叠加 5 月 12 日中美关税谈判结果超预期，市场对美国通胀走高 的担忧有所缓和。我们提示，尽管短期内特朗普关税政策边际放缓，通胀 平稳下行，但美国 2025 年关税整体水平仍然显著提升，远期通胀压力并 未解决，不宜低估下半年通胀上行压力。 非核心方面，能源价格同比下行、环比企稳，食品价格回落。受特朗普 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" investment rating for the food and beverage industry [7] Core Insights - The food and beverage industry is experiencing increased performance differentiation, highlighting the importance of operational management and business strategy [3] - In 2024, the food and beverage sector is expected to achieve a modest single-digit growth, with revenue and net profit growth rates slowing down, indicating ongoing demand pressure [3][10] - Structural growth opportunities exist in sub-sectors like beverages and snacks, with some products/channels showing year-on-year growth rates exceeding 30% [3] Summary by Sections Overall Food and Beverage Industry - In 2024, the food and beverage sector achieved revenue of CNY 10,877.93 billion, a year-on-year increase of 3.91%, with a slowdown of 4.06 percentage points [10] - The net profit attributable to shareholders reached CNY 2,104.49 billion, growing by 6.07%, but also showing a slowdown of 10.35 percentage points [10] - The industry ranked 10th and 9th in revenue and net profit growth among 31 first-level industries [10] Baijiu (Chinese Liquor) - The baijiu industry saw revenue and profit growth exceeding 7% in 2024, with over half of A-share listed companies reporting growth [21] - High-end baijiu brands are shifting towards mid-to-high-end markets, with notable growth in brands like Guizhou Moutai and Wuliangye [21][24] - The competitive landscape is intensifying, particularly in the mid-range segment, with companies adopting diverse strategies to maintain market share [22][24] Soft Drinks - The soft drink sector is characterized by strong performance from functional beverages, with companies like Dongpeng Beverage leading with a revenue growth of 40.63% [26][28] - The market is facing challenges from health-conscious consumer trends and competition from tea beverages [26] - Companies are encouraged to innovate and diversify their product offerings to adapt to changing consumer preferences [27] Snacks - The snack industry is experiencing significant growth, particularly through community group buying and e-commerce channels [29] - Companies like Wancheng Group and Yanjinpuzi are expanding rapidly, with Wancheng Group's revenue from snack stores increasing by 262.94% [29] - However, some companies face pressure due to declining foot traffic in physical stores and intense competition [30] Condiments - The condiment sector is benefiting from cost reductions and the expansion of compound condiments, with major players like Haitian Flavor Industry reporting strong performance [32][33] - The industry is expected to accelerate product upgrades and national expansion as the restaurant sector recovers [32] Beer - The beer industry is seeing a slowdown in consumption upgrades, but there are still growth opportunities in the craft beer segment [34][35] - Companies are focusing on product innovation and market penetration to adapt to changing consumer demands [34][35]

Export Performance - In April, exports showed resilience with a growth rate of 8.1%, surpassing the first quarter's growth of 6.4% and significantly exceeding the consensus expectation of 0.8%[1] - Month-on-month, April exports increased by 0.6%, indicating sustained export momentum despite a surge in March[1] Regional Analysis - Exports to ASEAN, Canada, and Latin America saw significant increases, with exports to ASEAN nearly doubling to 20.8% and to Vietnam reaching 22.5%[2] - Conversely, exports to the United States declined by 21.0%, while exports to Canada and the EU increased by 15.0% and 8.3%, respectively[2] Product Categories - Labor-intensive and consumer electronics exports weakened, with declines in categories such as plastic products (-1.2%), bags (-9.1%), and clothing (-1.2%) indicating a significant impact from tariffs[3] - Mechanical and high-tech products maintained resilience, with integrated circuit exports accelerating by 1.5%[3] Import Trends - Imports showed a slight recovery with a year-on-year decline of only 0.2%, an improvement of 4.1 percentage points from the previous month[4] - Notably, copper imports surged by 48.9%, driven by increased prices due to U.S. tariffs on copper ore[4] Trade Policy Outlook - Short-term exports to the U.S. are expected to recover, but long-term dynamics will depend on ongoing U.S.-China trade negotiations and tariff policy adjustments[5] - The U.S. has reduced tariffs on Chinese goods to 30%, with a temporary suspension of 24% tariffs for 90 days, creating uncertainty for future export demand[5]