核心观点：展望 7 月及三季度，经济或进入政策效应释放的观察期，观察什 么？我们认为制造业投资、地产投资、地方基建投资并非下半年的经济核心关 注。居民消费、居民储蓄意愿、企业利润与现金流更为关键。这些决定了终端 物价能否顺利持续回暖、经济内生动力能否持续增强。具体而言： 1）对于消费，在补贴总规模小幅下降（后两批均为 690 亿，前两批均为 810 亿）以及实施生育补贴的综合影响下，关注消费增速能否保持稳定以及消费结 构能否进一步优化（服务、非耐用品消费、限额以下消费增速能否回升）。 证 券 研 究 报 告 【宏观快评】 进入政策效应观察期——7 月经济数据前瞻 主要观点 2）对于居民储蓄意愿。在资本市场企稳向好、房价同比降幅有所收窄的背景 下，关注居民储蓄意愿能否稳中有降。这包括对居民存款规模的观察（与收入、 GDP 相比）以及对居民存款结构的观察（是更多存放活期还是定期）。 3）对于企业利润与现金流。在政府化债与偿还企业欠款、财政支出规模增加、 "反内卷"下大企业对中小企业账期进行调整、居民消费回暖等因素作用下， 关注企业现金流是否能持续改善（企业存款增速、企业活期存款增速）以及企 业盈利能力是否能保持稳 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommendation" rating for the communication industry, expecting the industry index to outperform the benchmark index by more than 5% in the next 3-6 months [24]. Core Insights - The communication sector has shown strong performance, with a 2.54% increase in the past week, outperforming the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index by 4.29 percentage points [6][7]. - Year-to-date, the communication sector has risen by 19.88%, significantly surpassing the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index's increase of 3.05% [6][7]. - Key companies such as Meta and Microsoft reported better-than-expected earnings, driven by AI investments and advertising revenue [13][16]. Summary by Sections Industry Basic Data - The communication industry consists of 123 listed companies with a total market capitalization of 49,248.97 billion and a circulating market capitalization of 23,006.93 billion [2]. Relative Index Performance - The absolute performance of the communication sector over 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months is 8.7%, 18.6%, and 30.5% respectively, while the relative performance is 4.9%, 11.2%, and 13.5% [3]. Company Performance - Top gainers in the communication sector this week include Xizang Tourism (+46.42%), Chunz中科技 (+32.16%), and Yingweik (+29.64%) [10]. - The top five decliners include Gaohong Shares (-10.55%), Wanma Technology (-8.11%), and San Chuan Wisdom (-8.04%) [10]. Meta's Financial Performance - Meta reported Q2 revenue of $47.5 billion, a 22% year-over-year increase, with net profit of $18.3 billion [13]. - The company expects Q3 revenue to be between $47.5 billion and $50.5 billion, with a median year-over-year growth of approximately 16.5% [13]. Microsoft's Financial Performance - Microsoft achieved Q4 revenue of $76.441 billion, an 18% year-over-year increase, with a net profit of $27.233 billion [16]. - The company anticipates Q1 revenue for FY26 to be between $30.1 billion and $30.4 billion, reflecting a year-over-year growth of 25%-27% [17]. Investment Recommendations - Key recommendations include China Mobile, China Telecom, and China Unicom for operators; and for optical modules, companies like Xinyi Sheng, Tianfu Communication, and Zhongji Xuchuang are highlighted [18].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" investment rating for Swire Properties (01972.HK) [1][6]. Core Views - The report highlights the significant advantages of Swire Properties in prime shopping districts, with retail sales in major shopping centers showing continuous improvement. For instance, retail sales in Shanghai's Xinyi Taikoo Hui, Beijing's Sanlitun Taikoo Li, and Shanghai's Qiantan Taikoo Li increased by 13.5%, 6.8%, and 4% year-on-year, respectively, in the first half of 2025 [1][6]. - The report anticipates that the company's rental income will continue to grow due to its strong operational and leasing capabilities, with projected net profit growth of 449%, 54%, and 37% for 2025, 2026, and 2027, respectively [1][6]. Financial Summary - Total revenue is projected to increase from HKD 14,428 million in 2024 to HKD 18,638 million by 2027, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 24.3% [1][7]. - The net profit attributable to shareholders is expected to recover from a loss of HKD 766 million in 2024 to HKD 5,671 million by 2027, indicating a significant turnaround [1][7]. - Earnings per share (EPS) is forecasted to rise from -0.13 HKD in 2024 to 0.99 HKD in 2027, demonstrating a strong recovery trajectory [1][7]. Market Performance - The report notes that Swire Properties' shopping centers in Hong Kong have maintained full occupancy, with retail sales growth improving sequentially. For example, retail sales growth for Taikoo Place and Taikoo City Centre was 1.4% and 2%, respectively, in the first half of 2025 [1][6]. - The overall office market in Hong Kong remains relatively weak due to ongoing downward pressure on rents from new supply, but the company has managed to maintain stable rental rates for its office spaces [1][6]. Valuation - The report estimates a target price of HKD 23.92 per share, with a current price of HKD 20.50, suggesting a potential upside [2][6]. - The dividend discount model (DDM) indicates a current per-share net present value of HKD 23.92, corresponding to a dividend yield of 5.6% for 2025 [1][6].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" investment rating for the banking sector, expecting the industry index to outperform the benchmark index by over 5% in the next 3-6 months [24]. Core Insights - The introduction of new VAT regulations on bond interest income is expected to favor older bonds, as they remain exempt from VAT, thus enhancing their attractiveness and potentially driving up their prices [2][3]. - The banking sector's dividend yield is projected to be around 3.8% in 2025, significantly higher than the 10-year government bond yield of approximately 1.7%, highlighting the advantages of high-dividend assets in a declining interest rate environment [3][8]. - The report emphasizes the importance of strategic allocation within the banking sector, particularly focusing on state-owned banks and select regional banks with strong asset quality and dividend policies [8]. Summary by Sections Market Overview - The report notes a decline in major indices, with the Shanghai Composite Index down by 0.94% and the ChiNext Index down by 0.74% during the week of July 28 to August 3, 2025 [7]. - The average daily trading volume in the A-share market was 11,292.71 billion yuan, reflecting a decrease of 7.96% compared to the previous week [7]. Bond Market Impact - The new VAT regulations apply only to newly issued government bonds, local bonds, and financial bonds, while existing bonds continue to enjoy tax exemptions, making them more favorable for banks [2]. - The proportion of government and policy financial bonds held by major banks exceeds 70%, indicating a strong focus on these assets [2]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests a diversified investment strategy focusing on high-dividend banks, particularly large state-owned banks and stable joint-stock banks like China Merchants Bank and CITIC Bank [8]. - It also highlights the potential for improved return on equity (ROE) in undervalued joint-stock banks, recommending attention to banks like Shanghai Pudong Development Bank [8]. Company Earnings Forecasts - The report provides earnings per share (EPS) and price-to-earnings (PE) ratios for key banks, with recommendations for several banks based on their projected performance [9]. - For instance, China Merchants Bank is expected to have an EPS of 5.86 yuan in 2025 with a PE ratio of 7.58, indicating a strong investment case [9].

Quantitative Models and Construction - **Model Name**: Volume Model **Construction Idea**: This model evaluates market trends based on trading volume changes over time [12][72] **Construction Process**: The model analyzes the trading volume of broad-based indices to determine short-term market sentiment. It transitions between "bullish," "neutral," and "bearish" signals based on volume dynamics [12][72] **Evaluation**: The model is effective in capturing short-term market sentiment but may require integration with other indicators for comprehensive analysis [12][72] - **Model Name**: Low Volatility Model **Construction Idea**: This model assesses market conditions by analyzing the volatility of indices [12][72] **Construction Process**: The model calculates the historical volatility of indices and assigns a "neutral" signal when volatility remains within a predefined range [12][72] **Evaluation**: The model provides a stable perspective on market conditions but may lag in highly volatile environments [12][72] - **Model Name**: Intelligent Algorithm Model (CSI 300 and CSI 500) **Construction Idea**: This model uses machine learning algorithms to predict market trends for specific indices [12][72] **Construction Process**: The model applies advanced algorithms to historical price and volume data, generating "bullish" signals for the CSI 300 and CSI 500 indices [12][72] **Evaluation**: The model demonstrates strong predictive capabilities for these indices, particularly in short-term scenarios [12][72] - **Model Name**: Limit-Up/Limit-Down Model **Construction Idea**: This model evaluates market sentiment based on the frequency of limit-up and limit-down events [13][73] **Construction Process**: The model tracks the number of stocks hitting daily price limits and assigns a "neutral" signal when no significant trend is observed [13][73] **Evaluation**: The model is useful for identifying extreme market conditions but may not capture subtle trends [13][73] - **Model Name**: Long-Term Momentum Model **Construction Idea**: This model identifies long-term trends by analyzing momentum indicators [14][74] **Construction Process**: The model calculates momentum metrics for indices like the SSE 50, which recently transitioned to a "bullish" signal [14][74] **Evaluation**: The model is effective for long-term trend analysis but may miss short-term fluctuations [14][74] - **Model Name**: A-Share Comprehensive Weapon V3 Model **Construction Idea**: This composite model integrates multiple signals to provide an overall market outlook [15][75] **Construction Process**: The model aggregates signals from various short-term, medium-term, and long-term models, currently indicating a "bearish" outlook [15][75] **Evaluation**: The model offers a holistic view but may dilute the impact of individual signals [15][75] - **Model Name**: HK Stock Turnover-to-Volatility Model **Construction Idea**: This model evaluates the Hong Kong market by analyzing turnover relative to volatility [16][76] **Construction Process**: The model calculates the ratio of turnover to volatility, currently signaling a "bullish" outlook for the Hang Seng Index [16][76] **Evaluation**: The model is effective for medium-term analysis but may require additional factors for short-term predictions [16][76] Model Backtesting Results - **Volume Model**: Short-term signal transitioned to "neutral" for most broad-based indices [12][72] - **Low Volatility Model**: Maintains a "neutral" signal [12][72] - **Intelligent Algorithm Model**: "Bullish" signals for CSI 300 and CSI 500 indices [12][72] - **Limit-Up/Limit-Down Model**: "Neutral" signal for medium-term analysis [13][73] - **Long-Term Momentum Model**: SSE 50 transitioned to "bullish" [14][74] - **A-Share Comprehensive Weapon V3 Model**: Overall "bearish" signal [15][75] - **HK Stock Turnover-to-Volatility Model**: "Bullish" signal for the Hang Seng Index [16][76]

Quantitative Models and Construction Methods 1. Model Name: Heston Model - **Model Construction Idea**: The Heston model is used to calculate the implied volatility of near-month at-the-money options, serving as a market fear index. Implied volatility reflects market participants' expectations of future volatility [8] - **Model Construction Process**: The Heston model is a stochastic volatility model where the variance of the asset price follows a mean-reverting square-root process. The model is defined by the following equations: $ dS_t = \mu S_t dt + \sqrt{v_t} S_t dW_t^1 $ $ dv_t = \kappa (\theta - v_t) dt + \sigma \sqrt{v_t} dW_t^2 $ Here: - \( S_t \): Asset price - \( v_t \): Variance process - \( \mu \): Drift rate of the asset price - \( \kappa \): Rate of mean reversion of variance - \( \theta \): Long-term variance - \( \sigma \): Volatility of variance - \( W_t^1, W_t^2 \): Two Wiener processes with correlation \( \rho \) [8] - **Model Evaluation**: The Heston model is widely recognized for its ability to capture the stochastic nature of volatility, making it suitable for modeling market fear indices [8] --- Quantitative Factors and Construction Methods 1. Factor Name: Multi-Long-Short Ratio Scissor Difference - **Factor Construction Idea**: This factor is based on the difference between the number of long and short signals within industry index constituent stocks. It is used to construct industry timing strategies [15] - **Factor Construction Process**: - Define the number of long and short signals for each industry index constituent stock on a given day - If no long signals are present, set the long signal count to 0; similarly, if no short signals are present, set the short signal count to 0 - Calculate the scissor difference as the difference between the long and short signal counts - Normalize the scissor difference to obtain the scissor difference ratio [15] - **Factor Evaluation**: The backtesting results show that the timing model based on this factor outperforms the respective industry indices in all cases, demonstrating excellent historical performance [15] --- Backtesting Results of Models 1. Heston Model - **Implied Volatility Results**: - SSE 50: 13.63% (down 2.78% WoW) - SSE 500: 15.75% (down 3.31% WoW) - CSI 1000: 17.15% (down 3.26% WoW) - CSI 300: 13.96% (down 2.31% WoW) [10] --- Backtesting Results of Factors 1. Multi-Long-Short Ratio Scissor Difference - **Performance Metrics**: - Timing models based on this factor outperformed their respective industry indices in all cases, achieving a 100% success rate in backtesting [15]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core Viewpoints - In the fifth week of July, futures sentiment cooled down, and spot prices mostly had small month - on - month declines, but prices were still higher than at the end of June. Food prices reversed from a decline to an increase. Container shipping prices continued to fall, and port cargo volume decreased month - on - month but remained high year - on - year. In the industrial sector, the incremental measures from the Politburo meeting in July were slightly weaker than expected, causing futures sentiment to cool and investment product prices to decline. In the investment sector, typhoon and rainfall affected construction activities, leading to a continued decline in cement prices. In the real estate sector, the end - of - month sales rush for new homes was evident, while second - hand home sales continued to decline, in line with seasonality [4][34]. - For the bond market, short - term implementation of anti - involution policies, price transmission, and the impact of production control on industrial growth are worthy of attention. "Broad credit" disturbances may increase compared to July. Externally, the results of China - US economic and trade negotiations were in line with expectations, and the market reaction was muted. Export resilience remains, but its elasticity is decreasing, and the weakening of "rush exports" may gradually materialize. Internally, the strong futures market last week driven by major infrastructure projects and "anti - involution" led to spot price increases. This week, futures sentiment cooled, and spot demand weakened due to weather conditions. Although industrial product prices generally corrected, they were still higher than before July. In the future, price increase elasticity may be limited in the short term, but the recovery trend is hard to disprove, which may support equity sentiment. Urban renewal may accelerate, and the implementation of policy - based financial instruments is expected. August is the policy effect verification stage, increasing the importance of data observation [4][35]. Summary by Directory Inflation - related - Food prices reversed from a decline to an increase. The wholesale price index of 200 agricultural products and the wholesale price index of basket products increased by 0.05% and 0.03% month - on - month respectively. The average wholesale price of pork decreased by 0.84% month - on - month, while vegetable prices rose, and the decline in fruit prices narrowed [4][10]. Import - Export related - Container shipping prices continued to decline. The CCFI index decreased by 2.3% month - on - month, and the SCFI decreased by 2.6% month - on - month. From July 21st to July 27th, port container throughput and cargo throughput decreased by 6.5% and 4.3% month - on - month respectively, but increased by 11.5% and 13.3% year - on - year. The BDI index decreased by 3.1% month - on - month, and the CDFI index increased by 0.2% month - on - month [12]. Industrial related - The price of thermal coal continued to rise. The price of thermal coal (Q5500) at Qinhuangdao Port increased by 1.4% month - on - month with a narrowing increase. The price of rebar reversed from an increase to a decrease, with a 0.26% month - on - month decline in spot price. The apparent demand for rebar decreased by 6.1% month - on - month, and the year - on - year decline widened to 5.7%. Copper prices decreased month - on - month, affected by the Fed's cautious attitude towards interest rate cuts and the strengthening of the US dollar. Glass prices also reversed from an increase to a decrease as futures market sentiment cooled [14][18][19]. Investment related - Cement prices continued to weaken, with a 1.40% month - on - month decline in the national cement price index and a narrowing decline. In the real estate sector, from July 25th to July 31st, the transaction area of new homes in 30 cities increased by 25% month - on - month but decreased by 15.4% year - on - year. The transaction area of second - hand homes in 17 cities decreased by 4.6% month - on - month but increased by 5.1% year - on - year [20][29]. Consumption - From July 1st to July 27th, passenger car retail sales decreased by 19% month - on - month compared to the same period in June but increased by 9% year - on - year. From July 21st to July 27th, retail sales decreased by 30% month - on - month and increased by 5% year - on - year. Brent and WTI crude oil prices increased by 1.8% and 3.3% month - on - month respectively, boosted by factors such as a trade agreement between the US and Europe and supply - side constraints [30].

行业研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 华创交运|低空经济周报（第 48 期） 国家发改委明确下半年重点工作包括推进低 推荐（维持） 空经济高质量发展 交通运输 2025 年 08 月 02 日 华创证券研究所 证券分析师：吴晨玥 证券分析师：吴一凡 邮箱：wuchenyue@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360523070001 邮箱：wuyifan@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360516090002 证券分析师：霍鹏浩 证券分析师：梁婉怡 邮箱：huopenghao@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360524030001 邮箱：liangwanyi@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360523080001 邮箱：liqingying@hcyjs.com 联系人：刘邢雨 邮箱：liuxingyu@hcyjs.com 行业基本数据 | | | 占比% | | --- | --- | --- | | 股票家数(只) | 121 | 0.02 | | 总市值(亿元) | 33,968.03 | 3.12 | | 流通市值(亿元) | 29,082.29 | 3.39 | 相对指数表现 | % | 1M ...

证 券 研 究 报 告 【策略月报】 AI 旗手：北美算力 PCB ——多行业联合人工智能 8 月报 策略研究 策略月报 2025 年 08 月 02 日 华创证券研究所 证券分析师：姚佩 邮箱：yaopei@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360522120004 证券分析师：耿琛 电话：0755-82755859 邮箱：gengchen@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360517100004 证券分析师：岳阳 邮箱：yueyang@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360521120002 证券分析师：吴鸣远 邮箱：wumingyuan@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360523040001 证券分析师：刘欣 电话：010-63214660 邮箱：liuxin3@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360521010001 证券分析师：欧子兴 邮箱：ouzixing@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360523080007 电话：021-20572543 邮箱：zhangchenghang@hcyjs.com 执业编号：S0360519070003 证券分析师：范益民 电话：021-205725 ...

Investment Rating - The report assigns a positive outlook for the company, expecting revenue growth driven by AI demand in the second half of the year [4][18]. Core Insights - In FY25Q2, the company reported revenue of $652 million, a year-over-year decline of 10.68% and a quarter-over-quarter decline of 4.96%, but it exceeded the guidance midpoint [2][7]. - The gross margin was 57.3%, down 1 percentage point year-over-year and down 3.3 percentage points quarter-over-quarter, but close to the upper end of guidance [2][4]. - The net profit for the quarter was $78 million, reflecting a significant year-over-year decline of 57.92% and a quarter-over-quarter decline of 20.73% [2][7]. - The company anticipates Q3 revenue to be between $710 million and $770 million, with a year-over-year change of -3.66% to +4.48% and a quarter-over-quarter increase of 8.90% to 18.10% [4][18]. Summary by Sections Overall Performance - The company achieved revenue of $652 million in FY25Q2, with a gross margin of 57.3% and a net profit of $78 million [2][7]. - Inventory at the end of Q2 was $351 million, showing a year-over-year increase of 21.45% [2][7]. Performance by Business Segment - **Semiconductor Testing**: Revenue was $492 million, down 12% year-over-year, with SoC revenue contributing $397 million, down 4% [3][10]. - **Robotics**: Revenue was $75 million, up 9% quarter-over-quarter but down 17% year-over-year, affected by a weak industrial and automotive market [3][10]. - **Product Testing**: Revenue was $85 million, up 7% year-over-year, benefiting from the acquisition of Quantifi Photonics [3][10]. Industry Trends and Business Impact - Long-term growth drivers include AI, verticalization, and electrification, which are expected to accelerate revenue growth [4][16]. - Short-term challenges include macroeconomic factors affecting demand, but the company expects stronger performance in the second half of the year [4][16]. Company Guidance - The company projects Q3 revenue between $710 million and $770 million, with a gross margin range of 56.5% to 57.5% [4][18]. - Non-GAAP EPS is expected to be between $0.69 and $0.87 [4][18].