宏观研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 【每周经济观察】第 50 期 外贸高频维持高位 每周经济观察： （一）景气向上 1、外贸：港口集装箱吞吐量同比维持高位。截至 12 月 7 日，我国港口集装箱 吞吐量环比-1.8%，上周环比为-0.3%，四周同比 9.5%，上周为 9.6%。 2、价格：铜价、金价上涨。COMEX 黄金收于 4302.7 美金/盎司，上涨 2.5%； LME 三个月铜价收于 11795 美元/吨，上涨 1.5%。 （二）景气向下 1、华创宏观 WEI 指数有所回落。截至 12 月 7 日，该指数为 4.12%，11 月 30 日的 5.09%下行 0.97%。 2、乘用车零售增速明显回落。12 月第一周，乘用车零售同比增速-32%，前值 +2%。11 月全月同比为-8.1%。 3、地产销售：商品房住宅销售降幅再度扩大。我们统计的 67 个城市，12 月 前 12 日，商品房成交面积同比为-31%。11 月同比为-34%。 4、煤价继续走弱，地产系价格下跌。山西产动力末煤(Q5500)秦皇岛港平仓价 收于 745 元/吨，下跌 5.1%；螺纹钢上海现货价收于 3250 元/吨，下跌 0.6%； ...

部委如何学习中央经济工作会议？ 宏观研究 证 券 研 究 报 告 【宏观快评】 ——政策周观察第 59 期 近一周，主要关注中央政治局会议及中央经济工作会议，详见点评《等待进 一步信息——政治局会议极简学习》《摆脱"超常规"——六句话学习中央经 济工作会议》。会议结束后，国务院各部委等相关方就会议作出解读或学习， 要点如下： 1、财政政策：12 月 13 日，中央财办分管日常工作的副主任、中央农办主任 韩文秀在中国经济年会上发言，"保持必要的财政赤字、债务总规模和支出总 量，既着眼当前，用好用足政策空间，也为应对未来风险留有余地，确保财 政可持续"；"要优化支出结构，强化国家重大战略的财力保障，推动更多资金 资源投资于人"。 2、货币金融政策：12 月 12 日，央行学习会议中提到，"优化结构性货币政策 工具运用，加强与财政政策的协同"，"综合平衡防范金融市场的道德风险，建 立在特定情景下向非银金融机构提供流动性的机制性安排"。 3、投资：12 月 13 日，中央财办分管日常工作的副主任、中央农办主任韩文 秀在中国经济年会上发言，"中国的城镇化、科技创新、产业升级、民生改善 等方面都还有很大投资空间，比如人均 ...

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Recommended," indicating an expected increase in the industry index by more than 5% over the next 3-6 months compared to the benchmark index [20]. Core Insights - The insurance sector index rose by 2.41%, outperforming the broader market by 2.49 percentage points. Individual stock performances varied, with Ping An up by 3.1% and China Life down by 0.22% [1][2]. - Four insurance companies have been approved to issue bonds totaling up to 14.2 billion yuan, which is expected to enhance their capital positions [2]. - The report anticipates continued growth in the insurance sector in 2025, although performance may face pressure in 2026 due to investment factors. Long-term improvements in life insurance costs are expected to drive valuation recovery [4]. Summary by Sections Market Performance - The insurance index increased by 2.41%, with notable stock performances including Ping An (+3.1%) and China Life (-0.22%). The 10-year government bond yield is at 1.84%, down by 1 basis point from the previous week [1]. Recent Developments - Regulatory approval was granted for four insurance companies to issue bonds totaling 14.2 billion yuan, including China Life and China Pacific Life [2]. - China Life reported total premiums exceeding 700 billion yuan as of November 30, 2025 [4]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests a focus on life insurance companies, with PEV valuations indicating potential for growth. Recommended stocks include China Life (0.87x), Ping An (0.77x), and China Pacific (0.62x) [4]. - The recommended order for investment is China Life H, China Pacific, China Property & Casualty, and China Taiping [4]. Earnings Forecasts - Earnings per share (EPS) estimates for 2025E show China Pacific at 5.68 yuan, China Life at 6.34 yuan, and New China Life at 12.62 yuan, all rated as "Recommended" [5].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommended" rating for the machinery industry, indicating a positive outlook for investment opportunities in this sector [7]. Core Insights - The central economic meeting has set a favorable tone for the engineering machinery sector, with expectations of increased domestic demand driven by major infrastructure projects over the next 5-10 years [7]. - The nuclear fusion sector is entering an acceleration phase, with numerous project announcements expected to speed up industrialization [7]. - The report emphasizes the importance of AI and robotics in driving the next cycle of manufacturing, suggesting a shift in investment focus towards companies that can leverage these technologies [22][23]. Summary by Sections Industry Investment Rating - The machinery industry is rated as "Recommended," reflecting confidence in its recovery and growth potential [7]. Key Company Earnings Forecasts and Valuations - Several companies are highlighted with strong buy ratings, including: - 汇川技术 (Inovance Technology) with a projected EPS growth from 2.11 to 3.00 from 2025E to 2027E, and a PE ratio decreasing from 35.04 to 24.64 [2]. - 法兰泰克 (Falan Tech) with a strong buy rating and projected EPS growth from 0.60 to 0.94 [2]. - 信捷电气 (Xinjie Electric) with a strong buy rating and projected EPS growth from 1.83 to 2.78 [2]. - 欧科亿 (Okai) with a strong buy rating and projected EPS growth from 0.71 to 1.25 [2]. - 兰剑智能 (Lanjian Intelligent) with a strong buy rating and projected EPS growth from 1.50 to 2.53 [2]. Industry and Company Investment Views - The machinery industry is expected to benefit from macroeconomic policies and increased domestic demand, particularly in engineering machinery and nuclear fusion sectors [7][22]. - The report suggests focusing on companies involved in AI, robotics, and solid-state batteries, as these areas are poised for significant growth [22][24][25]. - The engineering machinery sector is anticipated to see a rebound due to ongoing infrastructure projects and a global recovery in demand [27]. Key Data Tracking - The report provides insights into the overall market performance, with the machinery sector showing a 1.3% increase in the recent week, outperforming major indices [11][12]. - The total market capitalization of the machinery industry is reported at approximately 64,548.73 billion yuan, with 634 listed companies [3].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommendation" rating for the media industry, expecting the industry index to outperform the benchmark index by more than 5% in the next 3-6 months [44]. Core Insights - The media sector has shown resilience, with a 0.26% increase in the media index, outperforming the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index by 0.33% [8][6]. - Disney's partnership with OpenAI marks a significant shift towards AI-driven content creation, with a $1 billion investment aimed at integrating AI into its media operations [29][30]. - The gaming market remains strong, with Tencent's products dominating the iOS game sales charts, indicating robust consumer engagement [16][18]. - The film market is recovering, with total box office revenue reaching 448.68 billion yuan, approximately 79% of the 2019 levels, showcasing a steady recovery in audience attendance [21][24]. Market Performance Review - The media index increased by 0.26% last week, while the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 index decreased by 0.08%, placing the media sector 8th among all sectors [8][6]. - The gaming market continues to thrive, with top titles like "Honor of Kings" and "Delta Force" maintaining strong sales positions [16][17]. - The film market's total box office for 2025 has reached 448.68 billion yuan, with a recovery rate of approximately 79% compared to 2019 [21][24]. Industry News and Company Announcements - Disney's strategic partnership with OpenAI is expected to reshape content creation in the media industry, leveraging AI for enhanced storytelling [29][30]. - The upcoming release of "Avatar 3" has generated significant pre-sale interest, with ticket sales exceeding 11 million yuan, positively impacting related stock prices [29]. - The gaming title "Ningchao" won the "Player's Voice" award at TGA, highlighting the growing recognition of Chinese games in the global market [30].

Group 1: Credit Strategy - The report emphasizes the importance of focusing on structural opportunities in the short to medium-term credit products, particularly in the 2-3 year and 4-5 year categories, where yields are currently favorable [1][26][27] - For 2-3 year products, yields are primarily in the range of 1.84%-2.14% with spreads between 17-42 basis points, indicating a stable demand for short-term assets due to regulatory adjustments and cautious investment strategies [1][26] - The 4-5 year products show yields between 2.0%-2.5% and spreads of 22-60 basis points, suggesting a recovery in the attractiveness of these assets despite recent market volatility [1][27] Group 2: Market Overview - The credit bond market has seen a general decline in yields, with a mixed performance in credit spreads, influenced by a stable funding environment and recent economic data [6][10] - The central economic work conference has indicated potential for further monetary easing, which may affect market sentiment and trading strategies moving forward [6][21] - The report notes that the overall sentiment in the bond market remains weak, with caution advised for institutions with less stable funding [6][21] Group 3: Key Policies and Events - The report highlights significant corporate actions, such as China Metallurgical Group's sale of assets to enhance liquidity and focus on core operations, which may positively impact its valuation [3][28] - The Yunnan provincial government has introduced measures to regulate public-private partnership projects, aiming to prevent hidden local government debts, which could influence future financing conditions [3][29] - The central economic work conference has reiterated the need to address risks associated with local government financing platforms, suggesting a more proactive approach to debt restructuring and management [4][30]

Group 1: Economic Development Goals - Major provinces such as Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Hunan, and Beijing are expected to "shoulder the responsibility" for economic growth in 2024 and 2025[2] - Jiangsu's phrasing for next year's economic goals shifted from "higher positioning" to "scientifically and reasonably setting development goals," indicating a more cautious approach[3] - Hunan and Liaoning emphasize "adapting to local conditions" in their economic strategies, reflecting a tailored approach to development[3] Group 2: Unified Market Initiatives - The central economic work meetings for 2024 and 2025 outline plans for a unified national market, with 2024 focusing on "developing guidelines" and 2025 on "establishing regulations" for this market[4] - More provinces are highlighting their integration into the unified market, with Shandong and Jiangxi actively promoting their roles in this initiative[4] - The language around "in-depth rectification" of "involutionary competition" has become more specific, indicating a shift from general guidelines to actionable regulations[4] Group 3: Differentiated Provincial Strategies - Beijing and Shanghai are expanding their international technology innovation centers to enhance original innovation capabilities, aiming to become strategic hubs for technological advancement[4] - Guangdong and Henan are initiating pilot reforms for market-oriented allocation of resources, indicating a push towards more efficient economic structures[4] - The focus on high-quality development of the marine economy is highlighted by Shandong's commitment to becoming a modern marine economic hub[4]

观点：我们认为随着本周美联储"鹰派"降息落地后，铝价短暂走弱，但从基 本面看，本周全球铝库存总体小幅下行，LME+国内铝库存总计维持 120-125 万吨，安全库存维持低位，同时海外项目因电力问题减产+印尼增量释放缓慢 未来 2-3 年全球供需或维持紧平衡，未来库存或维持低位，对铝价形成支撑。 从金融属性看，本周国内外铜铝比创年内新高，铜铝在电力等需求有替代作用， 历史铜铝比多 3.3-3.7，意味铝仍有补涨空间，考虑美国当前铝升水接近 70%， 如果未来缺电逻辑造成美国地区减产，铝上涨弹性可能会更强。 证 券 研 究 报 告 有色金属行业周报（20251208-20251212） 美联储"鹰派"降息落地，短期金属价格或 推荐（维持） 震荡运行 ❑ 一、工业金属 ❑ 1、行业观点 1：美联储"鹰派"降息落地，短期金属价格或震荡运行 事件：根据中新社数据，美国联邦储备委员会 10 日宣布，将联邦基金利率目 标区间下调 25 个基点到 3.5%至 3.75%之间的水平，这是美联储今年以来第三 次降息，决策过程中有三名官员投票反对。降息会议后，市场对美联储未来降 息情况仍有分歧，根据 CME"美联储观察"，截至 1 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Recommendation" rating for the automotive industry, suggesting early positioning for opportunities in the upcoming year [1]. Core Insights - Recent automotive sales have remained relatively stable, but Mexico's announcement to increase tariffs on non-free trade agreement countries, particularly affecting vehicles and parts, is expected to impact domestic exports [1]. - The National Market Supervision Administration has released a draft guideline for compliance in automotive pricing behavior, aiming to deepen anti-competitive policies and stabilize price fluctuations in the market by 2026 [1]. - The report reiterates the previous viewpoint that the sector is likely to bottom out sooner, recommending early investment in next year's opportunities [1]. Data Tracking - In early December, discount rates for vehicles decreased slightly, with an average discount rate of 9.7%, down 0.4 percentage points from the previous month, but up 1.4 percentage points year-on-year [3]. - In October, wholesale vehicle sales reached 2.96 million units, a year-on-year increase of 7.5% and a month-on-month increase of 3.6%, while retail sales fell by 9.2% year-on-year [3]. - New energy vehicle sales in November showed significant growth for companies like BYD, which sold 480,186 units, a month-on-month increase of 8.7% [4]. Industry News - The National Market Supervision Administration has drafted a guideline to regulate pricing behavior in the automotive industry, detailing compliance requirements from production to sales [7][28]. - The report highlights that the automotive market is experiencing a rational return in pricing and promotional activities, with a notable decrease in the number of price cuts across various vehicle categories [28]. - The report notes that the automotive production in November exceeded 3.5 million units, marking a historical high, with significant growth in new energy vehicle production and sales [28]. Market Performance - The automotive sector saw a slight increase of 0.09% this week, ranking 9th out of 29 sectors [8][31]. - The report indicates that the automotive index has shown varied performance across sub-sectors, with passenger vehicles increasing by 0.24% and parts decreasing by 0.11% [8][32]. - The average price-to-earnings (PE) ratio for the automotive sector is reported at 32, reflecting the current valuation landscape [31][33].

- The report discusses multiple quantitative models for market timing, including short-term, medium-term, and long-term models. These models are constructed based on principles such as price-volume relationships, momentum, and calendar effects. The short-term models include the "Volume Model," "Feature Institutional Model," and "Feature Volume Model," while medium-term models include the "Limit-Up/Down Model" and "Up/Down Return Difference Model." The long-term model is the "Long-Term Momentum Model"[8][11][12][13] - The construction process of these models involves combining signals from different time horizons and strategies. For example, the "Volume Model" evaluates market activity through trading volume, while the "Momentum Model" focuses on price trends. The "Limit-Up/Down Model" identifies market sentiment by analyzing the frequency of limit-up and limit-down events. The "Up/Down Return Difference Model" measures the difference between upward and downward returns to gauge market direction[8][11][12] - The evaluation of these models suggests that combining signals from different models enhances robustness. For instance, some models are defensive, while others are aggressive, allowing for a balanced approach. The report emphasizes that simplicity in model design often leads to better generalization and performance[8][11][12] - Backtesting results for these models indicate varying levels of effectiveness. For example, the "Long-Term Momentum Model" is currently bullish, while the "Up/Down Return Difference Model" shows a positive outlook across all broad-based indices. The "Feature Institutional Model" is bullish, whereas the "Feature Volume Model" is bearish. The "Volume Model" remains neutral across all indices[11][12][13]