美元周期

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四季度铜市场展望与策略
Dong Zheng Qi Huo· 2025-09-23 07:33
Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The copper market is expected to break through the range, but there is a risk of a stage correction at the end of the year. The price of copper is predicted to gradually rise from 2022 - 2026, and the market in 4Q25 will seek an upward breakthrough in a volatile manner. [4] - The trading strategy suggests paying attention to the positive spread arbitrage of Shanghai copper in 4Q25 and remaining on the sidelines for the domestic - foreign spread. For unilateral trading, it is advisable to arrange medium - term long positions on dips. [4] Summary by Related Catalogs Judgment and Strategy - The key factors affecting the copper market are the dollar cycle, tariff expectations, inventory cycle, and disturbance risks. In a structural market with increased volatility, the accumulation purchase strategy is more suitable for hedging. [2][3] - The long - term bullish logic includes the dollar credit cycle, supply - chain risks, resource bottlenecks, strong new demand momentum, and stable old demand. However, there are risks such as policy risks (tariff escalation), medium - long - term liquidity tightening expectations, and a significant decline in domestic demand. [4] US Tariff Impact - On August 1st, there was an unexpected change in the copper tariff policy, with raw materials including refined copper and anode copper getting a phased tariff exemption. There is no need to overly worry about the risk of copper inventory moving out of the US, and it is necessary to continue tracking the marginal change in the spread and the delivery situation of US LME inventory. This does not constitute a short - term strong negative factor but restricts the short - term upward elasticity of copper prices. [5] - The US refined copper inventory increased by more than 500,000 tons year - on - year from January to July (the risk of concentrated delivery on COMEX still exists). The necessary conditions for inventory to move out of the US are a negative spread between COMEX and LME and the spread being sufficient to cover transportation and capital costs. [5] Fed Politicization - In the short term, the trend of Fed politicization, combined with weak dollar and inflation - rising expectations, is positive for copper prices. In the medium - long term, the risk of severe inflation and subsequent inflation - control measures will be negative for copper prices. [6] Supply Side - Copper Mine - The production of major copper - producing countries shows different trends. For example, from 2020 - 2026F, Chile's production is expected to increase from 5.73 million tons to 5.7 million tons, while Australia's is expected to decrease from 850,000 tons to 750,000 tons. [9] - Geopolitical conflicts, unstable political situations, extreme weather, labor union movements, and complex environmental factors in copper - producing regions may lead to unexpected risks in copper supply. [13] Supply Side - Cold Material - There has been a change in the structure of imported scrap copper, with the US re - exporting to Thailand and Japan, while Europe and the Asia - Pacific region are increasing the use of scrap copper. Domestic scrap copper supply is not weak, but the limitation lies in the processing link. The profit of recycled copper processing continues to be under pressure. [19] Supply Side - Raw Materials - China's copper raw material supply - demand gap is expanding. At the current raw material supply level, high - production in the fourth quarter is difficult to sustain. The surge in non - standard raw material imports and raw material inventory are used to supplement smelting raw materials, but their sustainability is questionable. [24] Supply Side - Refined Copper - The spot processing fees (TC/RC) are hovering at a low level, and attention should be paid to the new long - term agreement negotiation. The domestic sulfuric acid price has peaked and declined, and the RMB exchange rate has appreciated, leading to an expected expansion of smelting processing losses and increasing the operating pressure on smelters from 4Q25 - 1Q26. [28] - Overseas smelters are facing raw material shortages, with an expanding scope of production cuts. The new round of overseas capacity expansion will be restricted by the tight raw material supply. [34] Demand Side - Macro Perspective - The global economy is in the transition stage from "recession" to "recovery", with market expectations fluctuating. The policy cycle is in a stage of loose liquidity and expanding fiscal stimulus. The global manufacturing industry may continue to recover, and a more obvious upward trend may be observed in 1H26. [44] Demand Side - Micro Perspective (Domestic) - In the power equipment sector, investment by the State Grid and China Southern Power Grid maintains high growth, while local project investment is weak. The demand for power equipment is expected to improve in the fourth quarter, and attention should be paid to the "15th Five - Year Plan" related plans. [49] - The core drivers of domestic demand are consumption - stimulating policies and weather factors. The core drivers of external demand are that export demand weakened in the second quarter, while demand from the Asia - Pacific and the Middle East is relatively strong. [56] - In the real estate sector, the decline in completion and new construction areas is narrowing, and the drag on copper demand from the real estate industry is gradually weakening. Policy support is expected to continue to strengthen. [60] Demand Side - Micro Perspective (Overseas) - In the US, micro - demand is resilient, with C - end demand showing a downward trend and B - end demand remaining strong. The probability of a severe recession and a sharp decline in demand is low, and the actual annual growth rate of demand is greater than 5%. [68] - In Europe, terminal demand is differentiated, with strong demand in the power sector and weak demand in consumer goods. In Japan, demand is stable with a slight decline. In emerging markets, both C - end and B - end demand are strong, such as India's direct copper demand (including scrap) growing by 19% year - on - year in 2Q25. [72] New Energy Industry Chain - The demand for traditional new energy sources (wind and solar power) has slowed down, but the demand for new energy vehicles is strong. The demand from emerging industries such as AI data centers and energy storage is growing strongly. [77] Supply - Demand Balance - From 2022 - 2026, the global copper supply - demand situation is experiencing "weak shortage - expanding gap - expanding gap - narrowing gap - expanding gap". [4][80] Trading Logic - The main trading logics in 2025 include the dollar cycle, inventory cycle, and manufacturing cycle. If certain scenarios such as A, B, D, F, H, or K occur, the copper price may rise by more than 20% in a stage. [85] - The secondary trading logics include factors such as the continuous weakening or strengthening of global or regional manufacturing industry prosperity, policy stimulus intensity, and unexpected events in the industry. If scenarios such as E, C, G, or J occur, the copper price may fall by more than 20% in a stage. [85]
洪灏:流动性改善驱动市场上行,A/H股下半年仍有空间
2 1 Shi Ji Jing Ji Bao Dao· 2025-08-13 09:18
A股的热情还会延续吗?在洪灏看来,A股短期内或难现疯牛、快牛,但市场整体的上行行情大概率会 延续到2026年,其核心驱动因素在于市场流动性条件的持续改善。 这一改善的核心,一方面源于美联储9月降息预期及国内央行逆回购操作注入流动性,对风险资产表现 构成利好。另一方面还来自于全球流动性的改善,以及海外滞留资金向中国的回流。 中国的外储是宏观流动性的一个非常重要的部分。洪灏表示,将外汇储备变化与中证全A指数对比,可 见二者高度相关。过去几年来,受到美元升值和对美元资产收益预期的影响,我国大量出口创汇选择滞 留海外进行投资。但2025年以来,这些滞留海外的资金开始回流中国。这也解释了在贸易冲突阴影下美 元走弱,而人民币汇率略显走升的现象。 21世纪经济报道记者 黎雨辰 北京报道 "今年70%-80%的股票、四分之三的基金都取得了正收益,而这一行情大概率还没有走完。"8月12日, 在京东财富15理财日投资策略会上,知名经济学家、莲华资产首席投资官洪灏指出。 8月13日,A股市场震荡走高,盘中突破3674点,即2024年10月8日以来的高点。整体来看,年内A股市 场延续强势,三大指数均创年内新高,市场交投活跃度也显著提 ...
贵金属:美联储降息临近,贵金属有望开启新一轮上涨
Fang Zheng Zhong Qi Qi Huo· 2025-08-04 06:39
1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided in the report. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - The approach of the Fed's interest rate cut is expected to trigger a new round of upward trend in precious metals [2]. - With the US employment market showing signs of weakness and the White House's increasing influence on the Fed, once the independence of the Fed's monetary policy is shaken, the prices of gold and silver will gain strong upward momentum [35]. - The US dollar is in the early stage of a new downward cycle, and the prices of gold and silver denominated in US dollars have the macro - logic to rise continuously in the next 10 years [38]. - The current gold and silver markets are in the third - round bull market, and there is still significant room for price increases in the future [74][77]. - There is a high probability that shorting the gold - silver ratio will become a market consensus in the second half of the year, and silver may become one of the best - performing commodities [69][80]. 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 First Part: Market Review Gold - In July, gold entered a low - volatility period. Shanghai gold had a cumulative monthly increase of only 0.35%, while London gold fell 0.72% with the lowest monthly volatility since April [13]. - Factors affecting the gold market in July included the passage of the "Big and Beautiful" Act, better - than - expected US non - farm payrolls data, the cease - fire in the Middle East, concerns about the Fed's independence, new tariff agreements between the US and Japan and the EU, and the "Genius Act" that diverted funds to cryptocurrencies [13][14]. Silver - In July, the silver market experienced a roller - coaster ride. London silver rose 1.44% with an amplitude over 10%, and Shanghai silver rose 2.5% with an amplitude over 9% [16]. - In the first three weeks of July, the risk appetite increased, and factors such as the passage of the "Big and Beautiful" Act, strong non - farm payrolls data, and Russia's inclusion of silver in foreign reserves boosted silver prices. In the last week, factors like the decline in copper prices, the fall in gold prices, and the rise of cryptocurrencies led to a sharp correction in silver prices [16]. 3.2 Second Part: Macro Logic Manufacturing Reshoring and the Decline of the US Dollar's Reserve Currency Status - The US dollar index has declined by 10% since the beginning of the year. The "Lake Tahoe Agreement" aims to reshape the US economy by increasing tariffs and promoting manufacturing reshoring, which may lead to a decline in the US dollar's status as a reserve currency. Central banks around the world are accelerating the process of "de - dollarization" and increasing their gold holdings [21]. The Pennsylvania Plan - This plan aims to patch the flaws in the Lake Tahoe Agreement by shifting the demand for US Treasury bonds from external to domestic. It uses regulatory measures, tax incentives, and other means to encourage domestic capital to buy US Treasury bonds, with stablecoins as a financial innovation tool [22]. US Employment and Inflation - In the first half of 2025, the US economy showed resilience, but in July, non - farm payrolls data were worse than expected, and the previous two months' data were significantly revised downward. Inflation has shown signs of rising, and the market's expectation of a Fed rate cut in September has increased [31][34]. The Fed's Interest Rate Policy - The Fed has kept interest rates unchanged since December last year. With the weakening of the US employment market, the influence of the White House on the Fed is expected to increase. Once the independence of the Fed's monetary policy is shaken, the prices of gold and silver will rise [35]. The US Dollar Cycle - The US dollar has a cycle of about 17 years, and currently, it is at the beginning of a new downward cycle. The negative correlation between precious metals and the US dollar has been challenged, and a decline in the US dollar index will strongly boost the prices of gold and silver [38]. The Changing Role of Gold's Safe - Haven Attribute - Gold's safe - haven attribute has weakened, and future price increases may require a re - definition of gold, such as its role as an anti - inflation asset or a risk asset [41]. The Increase in US Treasury Bond Scale - The US federal government's debt is expected to continue to rise, and historically, an increase in debt has been associated with rising gold prices [44]. 3.3 Third Part: Fundamental Logic Central Bank Gold Purchases - In 2025, the pace of central bank gold purchases has slowed down, but the total amount is still considerable. Most central banks expect to increase their gold reserves in the next 12 months, which will support gold prices [50]. Gold Investment Demand - In the first half of the year, gold investment demand increased significantly, especially the demand for gold ETFs. This growth offset the slowdown in central bank gold purchases and supported gold prices [53]. Global Physical Silver Supply and Demand - The supply of silver has been growing slowly, mainly due to limited growth in mined silver and recycled silver. The demand for silver in the industrial sector, especially in the photovoltaic and automotive industries, has increased significantly. The global silver market has been in a supply - shortage situation for four consecutive years, and the shortage is expected to continue in 2025 [57][60][64]. Silver's Undervaluation and the Gold - Silver Ratio - Silver is considered undervalued compared to gold and copper. The gold - silver ratio has been high this year but has started to repair since June, and this trend is expected to strengthen in the second half of the year [69]. 3.4 Fourth Part: Summary and Outlook - In August, gold is expected to break through and rise. The price of London gold is expected to be between $3250 - 3300/oz and $3500 - 3600/oz, and the price of Shanghai gold is expected to be between 770 - 780 yuan/g and 830 - 850 yuan/g [79][80]. - Silver may have a strong rebound. In July, although it adjusted in the short term, its medium - and long - term upward logic remains unchanged. The price of London silver is expected to be between $36 - 37/oz and $40 - 42/oz, and the price of Shanghai silver is expected to be between 9000 - 9100 yuan/kg and 9700 - 9800 yuan/kg [79][80].
美元新周期:美元的短中长三重压力
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-01 02:42
Core Viewpoint - The article argues that the US dollar is entering a new downward cycle due to a combination of short-term, medium-term, and long-term pressures, including interest rate differentials, US debt issues, and the trend of de-dollarization [1][2][19]. Short-term Analysis - Since the Federal Reserve's interest rate hikes began in 2022, the widening interest rate differential between the US and non-US markets has been a key factor supporting the dollar's high position [3]. - The ability of the Federal Reserve to initiate consecutive rate cuts will be crucial for the dollar's future trajectory, as inflation in the US is expected to align more closely with other major economies by mid-2025 [4][5]. - The US economy is showing increasing signs of downward pressure, with a reported GDP contraction of 0.2% in Q1 2025, indicating a broad decline across various economic indicators [5]. - Other markets are expected to see a slowdown in easing monetary policies, which could further compress the interest rate differentials that have supported the dollar [7][8]. Medium-term Analysis - The US Treasury market is facing significant supply-demand imbalances, exacerbated by the current administration's fiscal policies, which could negatively impact the dollar's value [11][12]. - Over the past two years, the Treasury market has experienced three notable supply-demand crises, indicating ongoing instability [13][14]. - The recent "Great Beautiful Plan" proposed by the Trump administration is projected to worsen the fiscal deficit, leading to further imbalances in the Treasury market [15][16]. - By the end of 2024, the US federal debt is expected to exceed $36 trillion, with interest payments projected to reach $952 billion, creating substantial pressure on the dollar [16]. Long-term Analysis - The dollar's dominance is being challenged by a decline in the US's international standing and responsibilities, with its share of global GDP dropping to 14.9% by 2024 [18]. - The trend of de-dollarization is accelerating, with various countries exploring alternatives to the dollar for trade and reserves, which could significantly reduce demand for the dollar [19]. - Historical precedents suggest that large-scale de-dollarization can lead to severe depreciation of the dollar, as seen after the collapse of the Bretton Woods system [19].
策略-新一轮东升西落交易可能很快来临
2025-07-16 06:13
Summary of Conference Call Notes Industry or Company Involved - The discussion primarily revolves around the **U.S. dollar**, **U.S. Treasury bonds**, and **Chinese assets**, particularly in the context of the **technology sector** and **investment strategies**. Core Points and Arguments 1. **Emerging Trading Trends**: A new trading trend of "East Rising, West Falling" is anticipated to emerge soon, driven by macroeconomic factors and market dynamics [1] 2. **Impact of U.S. Dollar**: The weakening of the U.S. dollar is a critical factor influencing the performance of Chinese assets, as it reflects a decline in global investor demand for dollar-denominated assets [7] 3. **Debt Crisis and Economic Pressure**: The U.S. faces a significant debt repayment pressure, which could lead to a "snowball effect" in its debt crisis, impacting overall economic stability [9] 4. **Correlation Between Dollar and Treasury Yields**: Historically, the U.S. dollar and Treasury yields have moved in tandem, but recent trends show a divergence due to a crisis in dollar credit, affecting traditional pricing logic [5][6] 5. **Market Valuation Dynamics**: The valuation of growth stocks is heavily influenced by high U.S. dollar interest rates, which are currently exerting pressure on manufacturing and overall corporate profitability [4] 6. **Potential for Non-U.S. Assets**: As the dollar weakens, non-U.S. assets, particularly in China, are expected to strengthen, suggesting a favorable environment for investments in Chinese markets [8][12] 7. **Sector Focus**: The technology sector, especially areas like robotics, artificial intelligence, and innovative materials, is highlighted as a key focus for future investments [12][13] Other Important but Possibly Overlooked Content 1. **Employment Trends**: The contribution to U.S. non-farm employment is primarily driven by transportation and warehousing, which may face challenges if import behaviors change due to tariff adjustments [10] 2. **Market Sentiment and Economic Indicators**: A potential decline in key economic indicators, such as non-farm employment and retail data, could heighten concerns about a U.S. economic recession, further impacting the dollar [10] 3. **Future Dollar Index Predictions**: The dollar index is projected to potentially drop below previous lows, which could catalyze a new phase of investment in A-shares and H-shares in China [11][12]
美元鲸落,万物而生?——基于中长视角的大宗商品展望
对冲研投· 2025-06-30 10:51
Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article revolves around the long-term outlook for the commodity market, emphasizing the ongoing down cycles in real estate and coal sectors, which are expected to continue impacting commodity demand negatively [5][7][10]. - The real estate market is underperforming due to high inventory levels, and stabilization requires either market-driven solutions or policy interventions. Current housing price pressures indicate that recovery will take time [10][13]. - The construction industry, which includes non-real estate projects, is also expected to decline, further pressuring demand for related commodities. The construction area is projected to continue decreasing until the end of 2027 [11][13]. Group 2 - Coal prices have returned to levels seen between 2016 and 2020, primarily due to increased supply and competition from renewable energy sources. The demand for coal is expected to remain weak as renewable energy continues to grow [16][18]. - The article highlights that while coal prices are at marginal cost levels, a rebound is possible, but a significant reversal in the downtrend is unlikely. This indicates that commodities related to coal and real estate will remain in a down cycle [18][20]. - The performance of commodities linked to the dollar's credit has been strong, with gold and silver prices significantly increasing. The article discusses the potential for a weakening dollar to influence commodity prices positively in the future [20][22]. Group 3 - The article discusses the implications of U.S. fiscal policies on the dollar's strength, suggesting that high fiscal deficits will undermine dollar credibility, which could lead to a favorable environment for commodities like gold [21][24]. - Gold is identified as a leading indicator for other commodities, with its price movements often preceding changes in the Commodity Research Bureau (CRB) index by about a year [24][27]. - The relationship between the dollar cycle and emerging market growth is emphasized, indicating that a weaker dollar could lead to increased demand for commodities from emerging markets, which are the primary growth drivers for commodity demand [30][33].
中金研究 | 本周精选:策略、互联网
中金点睛· 2025-06-28 00:19
Group 1: Stablecoin Impact - The recent regulatory developments in the US and Hong Kong regarding stablecoins have garnered market attention, highlighting their role in stabilizing prices by pegging to other assets, typically fiat currencies [3] - Stablecoins are expected to enhance cross-border payments by making them faster, cheaper, and more convenient, while also potentially challenging the dollar's status as the dominant reserve currency if other countries issue stablecoins not pegged to the dollar [3] - Relevant companies in the stablecoin development space include bank IT service providers, telecom operators, cryptocurrency exchanges, and financial institutions facilitating stablecoin transactions [3] Group 2: Dollar and US Stock Market Relationship - The concept of "de-dollarization" has gained traction, but there are misconceptions about equating a weaker dollar with de-dollarization and a weaker dollar with falling US stocks [8] - Historically, a weaker dollar has often benefited US stocks, as evidenced by the current situation where despite a weak dollar, US stocks are nearing new highs [8] - The dollar is expected to strengthen slightly in Q4, with the potential for US stocks to outperform again, despite the prevailing narrative around de-dollarization facing challenges [8] Group 3: Internet Industry Outlook - The internet industry has entered a new investment cycle after a period of cost-cutting, with AI, overseas expansion, and instant retail emerging as key focus areas [18] - Investors are advised to consider the uncertainties of future investments, balancing short-term financial performance with long-term growth potential [18] - The need for a buffer against external environmental fluctuations is emphasized, as innovation and risk-taking are inherent to the internet sector [18]
中金缪延亮:不同寻常的美元周期
中金点睛· 2025-06-22 23:46
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the unusual characteristics of the current dollar cycle, highlighting its resilience and divergence from historical patterns, suggesting that the dollar may have entered a downward cycle since 2025 due to structural changes in the U.S. economy and global dynamics [1][46]. Historical Review of Dollar Cycles - Since the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in 1973, the dollar has experienced three major appreciation cycles, with significant increases in the DXY index during each period [2][5]. - The current dollar appreciation cycle began in 2008, lasting 17 years and resulting in a 40% increase, marking it as the longest cycle since the Bretton Woods system's dissolution [3][5]. Current Characteristics of the Dollar Cycle - The dollar's peak values have shown a downward trend over the years, indicating a decreasing relative strength of the U.S. economy globally [6]. - The current cycle exhibits three unusual divergences: a decline in the dollar's share of global reserves, a lack of impact from expanding fiscal and trade deficits, and a strong dollar despite rising inflation in the U.S. [7][10][12]. Threefold Analysis Framework - The dollar's exchange rate is fundamentally influenced by the relative performance of the U.S. economy compared to other major economies [15]. - Monetary policy from the Federal Reserve significantly impacts the dollar's strength, with tight monetary policies historically supporting dollar appreciation [20]. - Capital flows are closely linked to the dollar index, with geopolitical factors also playing a crucial role in influencing these flows [21]. Feedback Mechanisms - The dollar's appreciation has asymmetric effects on the global economy, increasing financing costs for other countries while benefiting the U.S. economy [21][22]. - Positive feedback mechanisms exist where dollar appreciation leads to worsening debt burdens for other economies, further driving capital flows into the U.S. [22]. Current Trends and Future Outlook - Since 2025, there are signs that the dollar may be entering a downward cycle due to weakening relative advantages of the U.S. economy and declining risk appetite for dollar assets [34][38]. - The structural changes in the U.S. asset and liability landscape suggest a strong motivation for the U.S. to seek dollar depreciation to manage its growing net liabilities [35][36]. - Market sentiment is shifting, with a notable decrease in net long positions on the dollar, indicating a growing bearish outlook [38][40]. Conclusion - The current dollar cycle is characterized by unprecedented features, with the potential for a downward trend driven by both domestic and international factors, including the competitive landscape in technology and economic policies [45][46].
重新讨论变局下的资产配置方法论系列(一):美元还能跌多久?
Minsheng Securities· 2025-06-18 12:42
Group 1: Macro Economic Insights - The narrative of a weakening dollar has become a common preference among risk-averse investors since Trump's administration, as significant depreciation of the dollar often leads to revaluation of non-dollar assets[1] - The macroeconomic narrative is a key driver of market direction, with the potential loss of reserve currency status being a significant concern, particularly due to the large debt burden of the U.S.[2] - Historical transitions of reserve currencies have presented substantial asset revaluation opportunities, with past examples showing significant depreciation of the current reserve currency relative to successors and precious metals[2] Group 2: U.S. Debt Analysis - The U.S. government debt burden has increased by 14.6% from 2019 to 2023, while household leverage has decreased by 3.1% and non-financial corporate leverage has decreased by 8.6%[3] - The U.S. government debt level was over 100% before the global pandemic, but concerns were minimal; post-pandemic, the debt has risen significantly, reflecting a societal "leverage transfer"[3] - The pressure from maturing U.S. government bonds is expected to peak in Q1 2027, with an estimated maturity amount of $9 to $10 trillion, compounded by a potential fiscal deficit stabilizing above 5%[5] Group 3: Future Projections - The next two years are critical for the U.S. debt cycle transition, influencing fiscal, monetary policies, and the dollar index[6] - Historical patterns indicate that the current dollar depreciation cycle may last until the end of 2027, with a potential initial rapid depreciation followed by a prolonged period of volatility[7] - Risks include extreme U.S. trade policies leading to faster and larger-than-expected dollar depreciation, which could exacerbate global economic slowdowns[7]
中金:大类资产2025下半年展望-秉韧谋新
中金· 2025-06-16 03:16
Investment Rating - The report suggests maintaining an overweight position in gold, increasing allocation to Chinese stocks, shifting from aggressive to defensive in US stocks, underweighting global commodities, and maintaining a standard allocation in domestic and foreign bonds to achieve good returns [1]. Core Viewpoints - The US tariff policy is the main contradiction affecting global asset performance in the first half of 2025, with significant impacts on market sentiment and asset allocation strategies [2]. - The report highlights the potential for a "super cycle" in certain commodities driven by green transformation, although short-term economic cycles may have a more significant impact on commodity prices [6]. - The AI revolution is seen as a major opportunity for stock assets, particularly in the context of China's market, which is expected to benefit from the application of AI technologies [4]. Summary by Sections Tariff Outlook - The unexpected impact of US tariffs since April has led to a shift towards a risk-averse market environment, with tariffs remaining a significant factor influencing global trade and economic conditions [2]. - The report notes that the average effective tariff rate in the US is close to 16%, significantly higher than the 2.4% level at the end of 2024, indicating potential negative effects on global trade [2]. Dollar Cycle - The report indicates that the long-term dollar bull market may be coming to an end, with expectations of a decline in the dollar's value impacting the attractiveness of dollar-denominated assets [3]. - It predicts that the US fiscal deficit may continue to shrink in 2025, potentially leading to a lack of support for economic growth [3]. Technology Cycle - The emergence of AI is expected to drive a new wave of technological revolution, with significant implications for stock market performance, particularly in the US and China [4]. - The report emphasizes that Chinese stocks have not fully priced in the potential of AI, suggesting a valuation advantage [4]. Real Estate Cycle - The report discusses the stabilization of the real estate market in China post-September 2024, although it notes that the market has not yet completed its downward cycle [7]. - It highlights the relationship between credit cycles and real estate cycles, suggesting that stock markets may respond positively during periods of deleveraging [7]. Asset Allocation Insights - The report recommends an asset allocation strategy that favors gold, high-dividend bonds, and Chinese technology stocks while being cautious with US stocks and commodities [8]. - It suggests that the uncertainty surrounding US fiscal policy and inflation could lead to opportunities in US Treasuries, although the overall outlook remains cautious [8].