2025.06.04 周三 文/南篱 各位好，我是南篱，一个财经人。 题目指的下，是暴跌下趋势线的下。 现在的大黄走的，上下皆乱，缠成一团了快，不等非农快刀斩乱麻，现在跟它在这儿纠结个什么劲。维持相对高位的扫盘被，上看前高，下看前 低，在昨天的下调中，关键高低点给你定了个遍。 特别是下方的3333，槽点很多啊朋友。周二的文章还在提到，黄金在六月第一天的上涨并没有完成回踩，所以在上涨途中目标缩量是其一，其二是 或有往3330±3的区间测试的概率。 说起来还得谢谢这个注水数据？震荡十个小时之后，斐波那契的46一带还没来得及发力，直线被739的职位空缺震惊下压。虽然但是，最终实体部 分仍然是守着3346，说明这个影线的下探，只是顺便而已。这之后，在日线中先一根大阳，后一根调整的小阴，今天的关键，自然就放在了前高 3391的得失上。 距离非农日（6月6日）还有一个多交易日，除了老生常谈的关税、债务、地缘等暂时正在谈判但结果未知的风险之外，还有"掺水"的数据忍不住开 始冒头。 老美劳工部发布的《职位空缺及劳动力流动调查》(JOLTS)显示，4月职位空缺增加19.1万个，达到739.1万个。表面看起来贼繁荣，可提供的劳动 ...

兴业期货日度策略：2025.06.04 重点策略推荐及操作建议： 商品期货方面：橡胶、工业硅上方压力明确，烧碱延续弱势。 联系电话：021-80220262 操作上： 品种基本面分析及行情研判： | 品种 | 观点及操作建议 | 方向研判 | 分析师 | 联系人 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 股指 | 低量能状态延续 | | 投资咨询部 | | | | 周一 A 股市场低开高走，个股涨多跌少，沪深两市成交额维持 | | | | | | 在 1.16 万亿元左右。从行业来看，农林牧渔、银行板块领涨，家 | | | | | | 电、钢铁、煤炭行业跌幅居前。股指期货方面，小微盘风格带动 IC、 | | | | | | IM 走强，现货指数涨幅大于期货，贴水再度加深。 | | 张舒绮 | 联系人：房紫薇 | | | | | 从业资格： | 021-80220135 | | | 近期关税政策的不确定性对市场风险偏好有所压制，资金量能 | 震荡 | | | | | 延续低位震荡，但在政策托底和耐心资本入市的不断推进下，A 股 | | F3037345 | 从业资格： | | | ...

| > 國投期货 Mar | | 能源 日报 | | --- | --- | --- | | | 操作评级 | 2025年06月04日 | | 原油 | な女女 | 高明宇 首席分析师 | | 燃料油 | ★☆☆ | F0302201 Z0012038 | | 低硫燃料油 文文文 | | 李祖智 中级分析师 | | 沥青 | ☆☆☆ | F3063857 Z0016599 | | 液化石油气 ☆☆☆ | | 王盈敏 中级分析师 | | | | F3066912 Z0016785 | | | | 010-58747784 gtaxinstitute@essence.com.cn | 【原油】 隔夜国际油价涨势延续,SC07合约日内上涨0.69%。近期原油月差、现货升贴水较单边价格表现偏强，便是旺季临近 实货端偏紧的表征,且俄乌、伊核地缘风险被再度定价。二季度以来全球石油累库28已超过一季度整体的累座幅度, 上周美国API原油库存超预期下降330万桶，关注今晚DOE库存结果。短期市场震荡偏强，但OPEC+抢占市场份额策略下 的快速增产行为亦令源自季节性及地缘犹动的供需偏紧难以持续，关注旺季预期、地缘优动被充分交易 ...

黄金方面： 原油方面： 经合组织（OECD）发布的报告显示，特朗普的关税政策正在对美国经济造成巨大的压力，经济放缓的程度可能超过此前的预 期。有消息显示特朗普可能在本周与东方大国领导人举行会谈，贸易局势有望缓解。 另一方面，俄乌冲突局势升级，据报道，乌克兰利用无人机袭击了俄罗斯的多处军事基地，并炸毁了多架重要战机，有评论说 远超当年"珍珠岛袭击事件"。标志着俄乌冲突升级，短期内停火的可能性大幅降低。 百利好特约智昇研究国际金融分析师欧文认为，近几日俄乌局势急转直下，美国与伊朗的谈判陷入泥潭，地缘风险升温，油价 走强的迹象越发明显。 技术面：原油近期维持60-64美元区间震荡，多空方向不明，60美元的关键位置多次均未跌破，本周有望进一步走高。小时图来 看，周一（6月2日）上涨之后维持高位震荡，日内即有望冲高，上方可以看向64.80美元一线。 日经225方面： 最新公布的美国4月职位空缺数据显示，录得739.1万人，预期为710万人，前值为720万人，利空黄金，亮眼的职位空缺显示美国 就业强劲，不过裁员人数大增19.6万人，创9个月以来的最大增幅；同时公布的美国4月工厂订单月率显示-3.7%，预期为-3.1%， ...

投资咨询业务资格： 证监许可[2011]1771号 [Table_Report] 分析师 贾利军 从业资格证号：F0256916 投资咨询证号：Z0000671 电话：021-68756925 邮箱：jialj@qh168.com.cn 明道雨 从业资格证号：F03092124 投资咨询证号：Z0018827 电话：021-68758786 邮箱：mingdy@qh168.com.cn 刘慧峰 从业资格证号：F3033924 投资咨询证号：Z0013026 电话：021-68751490 邮箱：Liuhf@qh168.com.cn 刘兵 从业资格证号：F03091165 投资咨询证号：Z0019876 联系电话：021-58731316 邮箱：liub@qh168.com.cn 王亦路 从业资格证号：F03089928 投资咨询证号：Z0019740 电话：021-68757092 邮箱：wangyil@qh168.com.cn 冯冰 从业资格证号：F3077183 投资咨询证号：Z0016121 电话：021-68757092 邮箱：fengb@qh168.com.cn 李卓雅 从业资格证号：F031445 ...

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content provided. Core Views - Crude oil: After OPEC's production increase in July, the previous negative factors were exhausted. With the threat of wildfires in Canada and rising geopolitical risks, combined with short - term macro - stability, oil prices are strong in the short - term. However, in the long - term, due to relatively weak demand and continuous supply growth, the upside space is limited. The short - term Brent price is expected to oscillate at a high level, with the operating range moving up to $65 - 68 per barrel, and the medium - term range is expected to be $63 - 70 per barrel [1][2]. - Asphalt: The overall supply - demand pattern is loose. Although the cost of crude oil has increased, the market's acceptance of high - priced resources is poor. In the short - term, the terminal demand is limited, and the mainstream transaction price is concentrated at the lower end. However, due to the maintenance plan of some refineries and low inventory levels, the price has a certain upward trend [3][4]. - Liquefied gas: In the international market, the CP price has increased, while the FEI has decreased. In the domestic market, supply is increasing, and the summer off - season has increased the pressure on the market, with the fundamentals running weakly [8]. - Fuel oil: High - sulfur fuel oil has high near - month cracking and month - to - month spreads, and the spot premium has rebounded. The supply from Russia, Mexico, and the Middle East is expected to decline, while the demand for seasonal power generation is supportive. Low - sulfur fuel oil has a stable supply increase and weak downstream demand [9][11]. - Natural gas: In the US, due to increased demand, the price is expected to rebound. In Europe, supply restrictions and geopolitical tensions offset weak demand, and the price has returned above 35 euros. Europe still faces challenges in refilling gas storage [12][13]. - PX: As the efficiency of PX improves, the operating rate is expected to increase in June, and the supply - demand situation is expected to improve, with the spot shortage situation expected to ease [14][16]. - PTA: The supply is expected to increase, while the polyester industry plans to reduce production, and the supply - demand relationship is expected to weaken, and the processing fee may be compressed [17][18]. - Ethylene glycol: The inventory is expected to decline in the short - term, but the supply will increase in June due to some restarted maintenance. The downstream polyester operating rate is weakening, and the supply - demand gap is expected to narrow, maintaining a tight balance [20][21]. - Short - fiber: The operating rate is stable, and the terminal demand is mainly for fulfilling previous orders. There are still production reduction plans in June, but the supply loss is limited. The processing fee is expected to be strongly supported [22][23]. - Bottle - chip: The operating rate has decreased, and the processing fee fluctuates within a narrow range. In June, the downstream soft - drink industry will enter the production peak, and the supply - demand situation is expected to be strong, with the processing fee having strong support [24][26]. - Styrene: The supply is expected to increase, and the port inventory is expected to increase from a low level, with the supply - demand relationship weakening [26][27]. - PVC: The supply - demand situation is expected to be weak in the medium - to - long - term, with supply increasing and demand affected by real estate and export uncertainties [29][30]. - Caustic soda: The 09 - contract is expected to be weak, with the medium - term trend being bearish. Although there is still some support in the short - term, the upward driving force for the spot price is weakening [30][31]. - Plastic and PP: The new production capacity is being realized, and the downstream demand is weak. The 09 - contract's supply - demand situation is expected to be weak [32][34]. - Glass: The supply pressure is increasing, and the demand is affected by the real estate cycle. The short - term price is expected to oscillate weakly, and the medium - term focus is on cost reduction and factory cold - repair [34][37]. - Soda ash: The supply is increasing, the cost is weakening, and the demand is stable in the short - term but worrying in the medium - term. The price is expected to decline gradually [38][40]. - Urea: The daily output is at a high level, and the demand is affected by factors such as international price changes, compound fertilizer production, and export policies. The short - term price is expected to oscillate [41][42]. - Methanol: The international supply is still high, the domestic supply is loose, and the port is starting to accumulate inventory. The price is still recommended to be shorted on rebounds [43][45]. - Log: The downstream market is still sluggish, and the long - term market faces challenges from weak real - estate demand and increased port inventory. However, the large scale difference in delivery has a certain supporting effect on the current price [45][48]. - Double - offset paper: The market was weak in May, and in June, short - term technical rebounds may occur, but long - term risks from over - capacity and weak demand need to be vigilant [48][49]. - Corrugated paper: In May, the demand showed structural improvement, but in June, attention should be paid to factors such as the implementation of price - increase policies, export order sustainability, and waste - paper price fluctuations [50]. - Natural rubber: The domestic inventory is still at a high level, and the production index of French rubber machinery has decreased. The short - term trading strategy is to hold short positions [51][54]. - Pulp: The domestic and foreign paper - making industries have shown signs of production reduction, which is negative for the SP single - side. The short - term trading strategy is to try to go long on a small scale [54][56]. - Butadiene rubber: The short - term supply contraction has led to price increases, and in the medium - term, attention should be paid to the expansion of downstream ABS capacity. The short - term trading strategy is to hold short positions [58][60]. Summary by Related Catalogs Crude Oil - Market Review: WTI2507 contract settled at $63.41, up $0.89 per barrel, a month - on - month increase of 1.42%; Brent2508 contract settled at $65.63, up $1.00 per barrel, a month - on - month increase of 1.55%. SC main contract 2507 rose 12.4 to 465 yuan per barrel, and in the night session, it rose 4.0 to 469 yuan per barrel [1]. - Related News: The US has asked countries to submit their best trade negotiation plans by Wednesday. The US labor market is showing signs of softening, with an increase in job vacancies but also a large increase in layoffs [1]. - Logic Analysis: After OPEC's production increase, the previous negative factors were exhausted. Geopolitical risks have risen, and the macro - situation is stable in the short - term. However, in the long - term, due to weak demand and continuous supply growth, the upside space is limited [2]. - Trading Strategy: Short - term high - level oscillation, medium - term wide - range oscillation; gasoline and diesel cracking spreads are expected to weaken; options are on hold [2]. Asphalt - Market Review: BU2507 closed at 3524 points (+1.21%) in the night session, and BU2509 closed at 3495 points (+1.13%) in the night session. The spot price in Shandong on June 3 was 3470 - 3870 yuan, in the East China region was 3550 - 3620 yuan, and in the South China region was 3360 - 3450 yuan [3]. - Related News: The mainstream transaction price in Shandong rose by 25 yuan per ton. The demand is weak, and the acceptance of high - priced resources is poor. However, due to the maintenance plan of some refineries and low inventory levels, the price has increased [3][4]. - Logic Analysis: The supply - demand pattern is loose, and the price is mainly stable. In the short - term, the terminal demand is limited, and the mainstream transaction price is concentrated at the lower end [3][4]. - Trading Strategy: Oscillation; asphalt - crude oil spread oscillates at a high level; options are on hold [6]. Liquefied Gas - Market Review: PG2507 closed at 4075 (+0.27%) in the night session, and PG2508 closed at 4004 (+0.18%) in the night session. The spot price in South China, East China, and Shandong is given [6]. - Related News: The market in South China is generally stable, with some hidden discounts. The market in Shandong is stable with some small increases, and the ether - post - carbon - four market is expected to rise steadily [7]. - Logic Analysis: Internationally, the CP price has increased, and the FEI has decreased. Domestically, supply is increasing, and the summer off - season has increased market pressure, with the fundamentals running weakly [8]. Fuel Oil - Market Review: FU07 contract closed at 2943 (-0.03%) in the night session, and LU07 closed at 3535 (+1.61%) in the night session. The Singapore paper - futures market's month - to - month spreads are given [9]. - Related News: Russia's exports of some oil products are expected to change in June, and Nigeria's Dangote refinery will import a large amount of US WTI crude oil in July [9]. - Logic Analysis: High - sulfur fuel oil has high near - month cracking and month - to - month spreads, and the spot premium has rebounded. Low - sulfur fuel oil has a stable supply increase and weak downstream demand [11]. - Trading Strategy: On hold for single - side trading; go long on the FU9 - 1 positive spread when the price is low [12]. Natural Gas - Market Review: HH contract closed at 3.7 (+0.76%), TTF closed at 35.848 (+2.38%), and JKM closed at 12.345 (+1.69%) [12]. - Logic Analysis: In the US, due to increased demand, the price is expected to rebound. In Europe, supply restrictions and geopolitical tensions offset weak demand, and the price has returned above 35 euros. Europe still faces challenges in refilling gas storage [12][13]. - Trading Strategy: Go long on HH on dips; TTF is expected to oscillate strongly [14]. PX - Market Review: PX2509 main contract closed at 6524 (-1.42%) during the day and 6618 (+1.44%) in the night session. The spot price, MOPJ valuation, and PXN spread are given [14]. - Related News: The sales of polyester yarn in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are light [15]. - Logic Analysis: As the efficiency of PX improves, the operating rate is expected to increase in June, and the supply - demand situation is expected to improve, with the spot shortage situation expected to ease [16]. - Trading Strategy: High - level oscillation; go long on PX and short PTA; sell both call and put options [16]. PTA - Market Review: TA509 main contract closed at 4628 (-1.53%) during the day and 4706 (+1.69%) in the night session. The spot price and basis are given [17]. - Related News: The sales of polyester yarn in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are light, and a PTA device has restarted [15][18]. - Logic Analysis: The supply is expected to increase, while the polyester industry plans to reduce production, and the supply - demand relationship is expected to weaken, and the processing fee may be compressed [18]. - Trading Strategy: High - level oscillation; go long on PX and short PTA; sell both call and put options [18]. Ethylene Glycol - Market Review: EG2509 main contract closed at 4306 (-0.99%) during the day and 4319 (+0.30%) in the night session. The spot price and basis are given [18][19]. - Related News: The sales of polyester yarn in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are light, and some EG devices have restarted or are under maintenance [20]. - Logic Analysis: The inventory is expected to decline in the short - term, but the supply will increase in June due to some restarted maintenance. The downstream polyester operating rate is weakening, and the supply - demand gap is expected to narrow, maintaining a tight balance [21]. - Trading Strategy: High - level oscillation; basis positive spread; sell call options [22]. Short - fiber - Market Review: PF2507 main contract closed at 6338 (-0.72%) during the day and 6426 (+1.39%) in the night session. The spot price in different regions is given [22]. - Related News: The sales of polyester yarn in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are light [23]. - Logic Analysis: The operating rate is stable, and the terminal demand is mainly for fulfilling previous orders. There are still production reduction plans in June, but the supply loss is limited. The processing fee is expected to be strongly supported [23]. - Trading Strategy: High - level oscillation; short PTA and long PF; options are on hold [24]. Bottle - chip - Market Review: PR2507 main contract closed at 5912 (-1.17%) during the day and 5958 (+0.78%) in the night session. The spot price of polyester bottle - chips is given [24]. - Related News: The export quotes of polyester bottle - chip factories are mostly stable [25]. - Logic Analysis: The operating rate has decreased, and the processing fee fluctuates within a narrow range. In June, the downstream soft - drink industry will enter the production peak, and the supply - demand situation is expected to be strong, with the processing fee having strong support [26]. - Trading Strategy: Oscillation consolidation; options are on hold; sell call options [26]. Styrene - Market Review: EB2507 main contract closed at 7018 (-1.71%) during the day and 7133 (+1.64%) in the night session. The spot price and basis in different periods are given [26]. - Related News: The inventory in the East China main port of styrene has increased, and the upstream pure - benzene port inventory has also increased [26]. - Logic Analysis: The supply is expected to increase, and the port inventory is expected to increase from a low level, with the supply - demand relationship weakening [27]. - Trading Strategy: Oscillation weakly; options are on hold; sell call options [28]. PVC and Caustic Soda - Market Review: The spot price of PVC has slightly decreased, and the spot price of caustic soda in different regions has changed [29]. - Related News: The price of caustic soda in some factories has changed, and the Indian BIS hearing has no news yet [30]. - Logic Analysis: PVC's supply - demand situation is expected to be weak in the medium - to - long - term, and caustic soda's 09 - contract is expected to be weak, with the medium - term trend being bearish [30][31]. - Trading Strategy: For single - side trading, go short on caustic soda at high prices and hold short positions on PVC; for arbitrage, arrange a 7 - 9 reverse spread when the spot weakens; options are on hold [32]. Plastic and PP - Market Review: The spot price of LLDPE in different regions has changed, and the spot price of PP in different regions has decreased [32]. - Related News: The maintenance ratio of PE and PP has decreased [33]. - Logic Analysis: The new production capacity is being realized, and the downstream demand is weak. The 09 - contract's supply - demand situation is expected to be weak [34]. - Trading Strategy: Short - and medium - term weakness, hold short positions; options are on hold; arbitrage is on hold [34]. Glass - Market Review: The glass futures 09 - contract closed at 954 (-2.85%) during the day and 965 (+1.15%) in the night session. The spot price in different regions has changed [34][35]. - Related News: The China May Caixin Manufacturing PMI has contracted, and the price of the domestic float - glass market has decreased slightly. A glass production line has restarted [36]. - Logic Analysis: The supply pressure is increasing, and the demand is affected by the real estate cycle. The short - term price is expected to oscillate weakly, and the medium - term focus is on cost reduction and factory cold - repair [37]. - Trading Strategy: Price oscillates weakly [38]. Soda Ash - Market Review: The soda - ash futures 09 - contract closed at 1185 (-1.2%) during the day and 1213 (+2.4%) in the night session. The spot price in different regions has changed [38]. - Related News: A soda - ash device has resumed operation, and the domestic soda - ash market is adjusting weakly [39][40]. - Logic Analysis: The supply is increasing, the cost is weakening, and the demand is stable in the short - term but worrying in the medium - term. The price is expected to decline gradually [40]. - Trading Strategy: Bearish judgment, gradual

| 品种 | 核心观点 | 主要逻辑及价格区间 | | --- | --- | --- | | | | 地缘风险上升，油价反弹走强。端午期间，乌克兰通过无人机袭击俄罗斯 | | 原油 | 偏强 | 战略轰炸机啊，地缘风险上升；OPEC+7 月继续增产 41.1 万桶/日符合市 | | | | 场预期，夏季原油消费旺季即将到来，近月下方存支撑。SC【465-485】 | | LPG | | 油价反弹叠加仓单压力下降，液化气短线偏强。成本端原油受俄乌冲突影 | | | 偏强 | 响走强；近期仓单连续下降，盘面压力下降；供需面有所改善，随着丙烷 | | | | 进口成本下降，PDH 开工率上升。PG【4080-4150】 | | L | 震荡 | 假期原油反弹，现货跌势放缓，华北基差为 90（环比+55）。停车比例升 | | | | 至 15%，LL 进口毛利持续倒挂，短期供给压力阶段性缓解，中期装置投 | | | | 产压力仍存；农膜需求淡季，暂无上行驱动。策略上，短期绝对价格低位， | | | | 继续下跌空间有限，中期仍存继续下跌风险，反弹偏空。L【6900-7050】 | | | | 假期原油反弹，华东拉丝 ...

Group 1: Oil Price Dynamics - Multiple factors have driven oil prices higher, including OPEC's steady production increase, geopolitical risks from Ukraine, and supply disruptions due to wildfires in Canada [1][5] - As of the latest close, West Texas Intermediate crude oil futures settled at $62.52 per barrel, up $1.73, a 2.85% increase, while Brent crude oil futures rose to $64.63 per barrel, up $1.85, a 2.95% increase [1] - The market is currently in a tight balance, indicating its ability to absorb additional supply despite concerns over geopolitical tensions in Ukraine and Iran [1][6] Group 2: OPEC and Supply Predictions - OPEC is expected to maintain its production increase of 410,000 barrels per day in July, alleviating market fears of a faster exit from production cuts [4][5] - Goldman Sachs predicts that OPEC will exit its voluntary production cuts by August, while Morgan Stanley believes that the increase in production will continue into the following months, potentially leading to a price drop [2][3] - Both firms maintain their price forecasts, with Goldman Sachs estimating average prices of $56 and $60 per barrel for WTI and Brent respectively this year, while Morgan Stanley anticipates Brent averaging $57.50 per barrel in the last two quarters of the year [2][3] Group 3: Geopolitical Risks and Market Reactions - The escalation of the Ukraine conflict has heightened geopolitical risk premiums, which counteract the bearish effects of OPEC's production increases [5] - The EU is preparing its 18th round of sanctions against Russia, focusing on energy revenues, which may further tighten global supply and increase oil prices [2][5] - Historical data suggests that U.S. sanctions on Russia and Iran have previously disrupted supply chains and elevated oil prices [5] Group 4: Market Self-Correction Mechanism - The current low oil price environment, around $60 per barrel, is triggering a self-correcting mechanism in the market, with shale oil producers warning of potential production declines [6] - Resilient demand supported by global economic indicators and seasonal consumption peaks is providing a foundation for oil prices, enhancing confidence in the market's tight balance [6]

| 品种 | 核心观点 | 主要逻辑及价格区间 | | --- | --- | --- | | 黄金 | | 关税再次发生变化，俄罗斯军事遭受重创，地缘关税变得更加复杂，短期不确 | | | 强势补涨 | 定性仍然较多。央行或继续购金。长期看黄金是未来秩序筹码，尚在秩序重塑 | | | | 途中，战略配置价值高。【770-797】 | | 白银 | 强势震荡 | 黄金大涨或带动白银走高，目前全球经济需求较去年或有下降，供给量变化不 大，各国财政关税对冲关税带来的负面影响，白银跟随黄金波动，价格没有摆 | | | | 脱此前区间，操作上仍延续此前的区间思路对待。【8200-8450】 | | 铜 | 逢低试多 | 端午假期，特朗普威胁把进口钢铁关税提高至 50%,中美贸易摩擦恐再生变故，俄 乌战争烈度或增加，地缘风险飙升，伦铜震荡回升，COMEX 铜涨超 3%，沪铜或高 | | | | 开高走，建议逢低轻仓试多，中长期依旧看好铜。沪铜关注区间【77500，79000】 | | 锌 | 区间震荡 | 端午假期，伦锌小幅反弹，国内宏观政策窗口期，锌供应产能高位释放，需求 淡季来临和钢材拖累，锌上方空间或有限，长期看 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the recent price increase in the US shipping market is likely a short-term opportunity, while long-term trends indicate a sustained demand-supply imbalance in Asian container trade due to low supply pressure for vessels under 4000 TEU over the next three years [1] - The report highlights that the US has already experienced a minor preemptive stockpiling before the tariff adjustments, leading to a concentrated demand for shipments following the tariff reduction on May 12 [1][2] - The current surge in shipping rates is attributed to a temporary mismatch in supply and demand, with the logistics system operating smoothly and port efficiency having improved significantly [2] Group 2 - Increased uncertainty and geopolitical risks are leading to a more fragmented trade landscape, with a noticeable shift in trade relationships post the 2018 US-China trade tensions [3] - China's outbound direct investment reached $177.29 billion in 2023, marking an 8.7% year-on-year increase, with a significant portion directed towards Asian markets [3] - The investment strategy is shifting from acquisitions to greenfield investments, which may enhance trade in intermediate goods between China and these regions [3]