Group 1: Market Trends - In June, bond market yields declined amid a shift from negative to positive sentiment, with significant downward movement in yields for government bonds with maturities of 3 years and below, indicating renewed upward potential for the bond market[1] - The bond market is expected to experience seasonal liquidity easing in July, with historical data showing that July often represents a low point for funding rates throughout the year[2] - The net issuance of government bonds in July is projected to be between 1.46 trillion and 1.60 trillion yuan, maintaining a relatively high level and potentially impacting market liquidity[2] Group 2: Institutional Behavior - Institutional investors, particularly in the insurance sector, may provide significant support to the bond market in July, with expectations of a potential reduction in the preset interest rate below 2.25%, which could lead to increased premium income[3] - Bank wealth management products are anticipated to see an increase in scale, potentially reaching a growth of over 1 trillion yuan in July, driven by favorable market conditions[3] - Despite rising funding costs at the end of June, the banking system's funding supply increased, indicating a potential for additional liquidity to flow into the bond market[3] Group 3: Economic Fundamentals - The economic growth outlook remains mixed, with GDP growth expected to exceed 5.0% in Q2, but consumer demand remains weak, as evidenced by a record low of 572.3 billion yuan in new household loans from January to May 2025[4] - Export activity showed signs of marginal recovery, with container throughput reaching 6.72 million units in June, reflecting a year-on-year increase of approximately 5.3%[4] - Retail sales growth is relatively strong, with automobile sales increasing by 24% year-on-year in June, although overall consumer demand is still lagging[4] Group 4: Risks and Challenges - Expectations for interest rate cuts have weakened, with the central bank's recent statements dampening market anticipation for further monetary easing[6] - The bond market may face volatility due to fluctuations in the stock market and uncertainties surrounding tariff policies, particularly with the upcoming deadline for tariff exemptions on July 9[6] - The potential for a significant increase in government bond supply in July could create pressure on the bond market, although central bank interventions may mitigate this risk[6]

Market Overview - As of June 30, the bond market showed slight weakness influenced by PMI data, cross-quarter funding, and stock market performance, continuing a narrow fluctuation pattern [1] - Overall, the yield on government bonds is expected to rise initially and then decline in the first half of 2025, with credit spreads mostly narrowing [1] - The funding environment is balanced and slightly loose, with a decrease in funding prices compared to June, where the average decline of DR007 is about 10 basis points [1] Bond Issuance - By June 30, the total issuance of various bonds reached 27.29 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of nearly 24%, with government bonds accounting for 16.93 trillion yuan and credit bonds 10.35 trillion yuan [2] - In the first half of 2025, 98 government bonds were issued, a decrease of 8 from the previous year, with the issuance scale increasing by over 2 trillion yuan [4] - Local government bonds saw an increase in issuance, with 1,086 bonds issued, up 310 from the previous year, and the average issuance rate down by approximately 55 basis points [6] Trading Volume - The total trading volume of cash bonds in the market was 166.43 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 6.94%, with credit bonds accounting for 39.63 trillion yuan [16] - The trading volume of interest rate bonds also decreased, with a total of 124.29 trillion yuan traded, down 6.49% year-on-year [17] Yield Trends - The yield curve for government bonds showed an overall decline in the first half of 2025, with significant decreases in the medium to long end, such as a 55.89 basis point drop in the 10-year yield [19] - Local government bonds exhibited similar trends, with the 10-year yield down by 55.51 basis points [21] Institutional Insights - Institutions expect that the funding rates will remain loose in July, but the issuance of local special bonds may create some disturbances in the funding environment [29] - The basic economic trends are still favorable for the bond market, with internal demand needing improvement and external demand facing challenges [30]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core View of the Report - The central bank's second - quarter monetary policy committee meeting signaled a shift towards domestic demand. The 10Y treasury bond is expected to remain volatile as the downward space for interest rates is not yet open due to limited liquidity and potential fiscal policy impacts [2][18]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. Policy Anchor and Bond Market Trends - **Policy Tone Changes**: In terms of economic situation, domestic economic expectations are more positive, but deflation concerns increase, and external demand contraction pressure rises. Monetary policy enters an observation period. Exchange - rate pressure eases, and policy flexibility increases. Financing support focuses more on domestic demand [10][11][13]. - **Summary**: The meeting emphasizes domestic demand. For the bond market, short - term liquidity is limited, and fiscal policy may cause disturbances, so the 10Y treasury bond is likely to oscillate [2][18]. 2. Institutional Bond Custody No specific content analysis provided in the given text, only mentions of relevant figures about institutional bond custody amounts [19][22][24]. 3. Institutional Fund Tracking - **Fund Price**: Near the end of the quarter, liquidity tightened. R007 closed at 1.92%, up 33BP from last week; DR007 closed at 1.70%, up 20BP; the 6 - month national stock transfer discount rate closed at 1.20%, up 10BP [3][27]. - **Financing Situation**: The balance of inter - bank pledged repurchase increased by 0.4% to 126902.2 billion yuan. Fund companies and bank wealth management had net financing of - 351.4 billion yuan and 1672.6 billion yuan respectively [30]. 4. Quantitative Tracking of Institutional Behavior - **Fund Duration**: The durations of high - performing interest - rate bond funds and general interest - rate bond funds increased by 0.11 and 0.05 respectively compared to last week [40]. - **"Asset Scarcity" Index**: The index decreased, indicating looser liquidity, lower credit - bond supply, and higher credit - bond demand [48]. - **Institutional Behavior Trading Signals**: Trading signals for secondary capital bonds, ultra - long treasury bonds, and 10Y local bonds are provided, with gray areas indicating bullish signals [50][51][55]. - **Institutional Leverage**: The overall market leverage ratio remained basically unchanged at 108.0%. Insurance, fund, and brokerage leverage ratios changed by +4.8, +0.8, and - 1.2 percentage points respectively [58]. - **Bank Self - Investment Comparison Table**: Compares nominal yields, tax costs, and returns after considering tax and risk capital for different investment options [62]. 5. Asset Management Product Data Tracking - **Fund**: Information on weekly fund establishment scale and 2025 fund yield distribution is presented [64]. - **Bank Wealth Management**: The overall market product break - even rate decreased slightly to 1.7% [65]. 6. Treasury Bond Futures Trend Tracking Tracks the inter - period spread trend and the basis level of the next - quarter T contract [73]. 7. General Asset Management Pattern Shows the scale changes of general asset management, including public funds and bank wealth management [77][80].

Group 1: PMI Overview - The manufacturing PMI for June is reported at 49.7%, matching expectations and slightly up from the previous value of 49.5%[1] - The non-manufacturing PMI stands at 50.5%, an increase from the prior value of 50.3%[1] - The average composite PMI for Q2 is 50.4%, lower than Q1's average of 50.9% and last year's Q2 average of 51.1%[1] Group 2: Demand and Price Trends - New orders in manufacturing, construction, and services have rebounded by 0.4, 1.6, and 0.3 percentage points respectively, indicating improved demand[2] - Manufacturing prices have rebounded by 1.5 percentage points, while construction and service prices increased by 0.8 and 1.6 percentage points respectively, although all remain below the expansion threshold[2] Group 3: External Demand and Employment - Manufacturing new export orders increased by 0.2 percentage points to 47.7%, still below the Q1 average of 48.0%[3] - Employment indices in manufacturing and services have decreased by 0.2 percentage points to 47.9% and 46.4%, respectively, indicating ongoing contraction in workforce[5] Group 4: Economic Outlook - The composite PMI of 50.7% in June is 0.2 percentage points lower than the Q1 average, suggesting a slower economic recovery[6] - The necessity for immediate policy stimulus is reduced, with potential policy actions expected to be postponed until August or September[6]

日内消息： 1.财政部：境外投资者以中国境内居民企业分配的利润，在2025年1月1日至2028年12月31日期间用于境内直 接投资符合条件的，可按照投资额的10%抵免境外投资者当年的应纳税额，当年不足抵免的准予向以后结 转。中华人民共和国政府同外国政府订立的税收协定中关于股息、红利等权益性投资收益适用税率低于10% 的，按照协定税率执行。 行情研判： 国债期货日报 2025年6月30日 下跌的核心逻辑是什么？ 观点：等待右侧进场 南华研究院 高翔（Z0016413） 投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1290号 盘面点评： 国债期货全天震荡下行，午后A股涨幅扩大，期债跌幅进一步深化。公开市场方面，到期逆回购2205亿，央 行新做3315亿，当日净投放1110亿，但早盘隔夜资金价格上行至3%以上，资金面情绪指数超过60，资金面 压力明显。 6月制造业PMI符合预期，非制造业小幅超预期，但仍在荣枯线下方的并不能给债市如此大的压力。其他方 面，上周五货币政策例会措辞的修改一定程度会压制预期，但无法改变支持性的政策立场和基本面环境。此 外包括邀请特朗普参加阅兵等略显小众的股市"疑似利多"对债市的影响就更加虚无缥缈 ...

Quantitative Models and Construction Methods 1. Factor Name: Beta Factor - **Construction Idea**: The Beta factor measures the sensitivity of a stock's returns to the overall market returns, indicating its systematic risk[29] - **Construction Process**: - Calculate the covariance between the stock's returns and the market returns - Divide this covariance by the variance of the market returns - Formula: $ \beta = \frac{\text{Cov}(R_i, R_m)}{\text{Var}(R_m)} $ where $R_i$ is the return of the stock and $R_m$ is the return of the market[29] - **Evaluation**: The Beta factor is a widely used measure of risk, indicating how much a stock's price is expected to move relative to the market[29] 2. Factor Name: Liquidity Factor - **Construction Idea**: The Liquidity factor assesses the ease with which a stock can be traded without affecting its price, reflecting the market's depth and breadth[29] - **Construction Process**: - Measure the average daily trading volume - Calculate the bid-ask spread - Combine these metrics to form a composite liquidity score - Formula: $ \text{Liquidity} = \frac{\text{Average Daily Volume}}{\text{Bid-Ask Spread}} $[29] - **Evaluation**: The Liquidity factor is crucial for understanding the trading costs and potential price impact of large trades[29] 3. Factor Name: Profitability Quality Factor - **Construction Idea**: The Profitability Quality factor evaluates the financial health and earnings quality of a company, focusing on sustainable and high-quality earnings[29] - **Construction Process**: - Analyze various financial ratios such as return on equity (ROE), return on assets (ROA), and profit margins - Combine these ratios into a composite score - Formula: $ \text{Profitability Quality} = \frac{\text{ROE} + \text{ROA} + \text{Profit Margin}}{3} $[29] - **Evaluation**: This factor helps in identifying companies with strong and sustainable earnings, which are likely to perform well in the long term[29] Factor Backtesting Results 1. Beta Factor - **IR**: 0.45[29] - **Annualized Return**: 8.5%[29] - **Volatility**: 12.3%[29] 2. Liquidity Factor - **IR**: 0.38[29] - **Annualized Return**: 7.8%[29] - **Volatility**: 11.5%[29] 3. Profitability Quality Factor - **IR**: 0.52[29] - **Annualized Return**: 9.2%[29] - **Volatility**: 10.8%[29] Additional Factors and Their Performance 1. Factor Name: Skewness Factor - **Construction Idea**: The Skewness factor measures the asymmetry of the return distribution, indicating the potential for extreme positive or negative returns[33] - **Construction Process**: - Calculate the third moment of the return distribution - Normalize by the cube of the standard deviation - Formula: $ \text{Skewness} = \frac{E[(R - \mu)^3]}{\sigma^3} $ where $R$ is the return, $\mu$ is the mean return, and $\sigma$ is the standard deviation[33] - **Evaluation**: This factor is useful for understanding the tail risks and potential for extreme outcomes in the return distribution[33] 2. Factor Name: Position Change Factor - **Construction Idea**: The Position Change factor tracks changes in the holdings of large institutional investors, indicating their sentiment and market positioning[33] - **Construction Process**: - Monitor the quarterly filings of institutional investors - Calculate the net change in positions for each stock - Formula: $ \text{Position Change} = \frac{\text{Current Quarter Holdings} - \text{Previous Quarter Holdings}}{\text{Previous Quarter Holdings}} $[33] - **Evaluation**: This factor provides insights into the buying and selling activities of major market players, which can influence stock prices[33] Factor Backtesting Results 1. Skewness Factor - **IR**: 0.42[33] - **Annualized Return**: 8.1%[33] - **Volatility**: 11.9%[33] 2. Position Change Factor - **IR**: 0.47[33] - **Annualized Return**: 8.7%[33] - **Volatility**: 11.2%[33]

Group 1: Investment Rating - No investment rating information for the industry is provided in the report. Group 2: Core Views - Since mid - June this year, the bond market has been in a consolidation phase, approaching key levels. To break through downward, more impetus is needed, and one possible path is the restart of central bank's treasury bond trading, but it is expected to be postponed. The earliest restart may be around August [2][6][12]. - The central bank's purchase of treasury bonds can directly replenish liquidity, with simultaneous increases in claims on the government and government deposits. The short - term yield declined rapidly after the central bank started trading treasury bonds last August, opening up downward space for the long - term yield [8][20]. - When the central bank's short - term treasury bonds mature, it does not directly lead to a contraction in liquidity. Instead, it indirectly affects liquidity by reducing government deposits. The central bank is not expected to renew them urgently [24]. - Currently, the bond market is over - valued, and the long - term yield may be below the central bank's desirable range. It is recommended to allocate 10 - year treasury bonds around a yield of 1.65% when there are adjustments, and pay attention to the callback risk if the yield falls to 1.6% [2][34]. Group 3: Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 When Will the Central Bank Restart Treasury Bond Trading? - Since mid - June, the bond market has been in a consolidation phase. The 10 - year treasury bond yield has been fluctuating around 1.65%, and the 30 - year around 1.85%. The 1 - year yield has decreased by 4bp from June 13 - 26. The 20 - year yield has dropped 3.5bp and remains a relative convex point on the curve. To break through downward, more impetus is needed, and the restart of treasury bond trading is one possible path [12]. 3.2 The Central Bank's Treasury Bond Trading Directly Releases Liquidity - From August to December last year, the central bank announced a cumulative net purchase of 1 trillion yuan of treasury bonds. By combining direct purchase and borrowing - and - selling methods, the estimated cumulative net purchase from August to December 2024 was close to 900 billion yuan. As of June 28 this year, the central bank has suspended treasury bond trading, and the cumulative maturity of treasury bonds from January to May was about 444 billion yuan [8][14]. - The central bank's purchase of treasury bonds can directly replenish liquidity. First, commercial banks buy treasury bonds, causing a decline in "other depository financial institution deposits" and an increase in government deposits. Then, the central bank buys from commercial banks in the secondary market, leading to an increase in claims on the government and a recovery of other depository financial institution deposits [20]. - After the central bank started trading treasury bonds in August last year, the short - term yield declined rapidly, and the 1 - year yield and DR007 inverted. In September, the short - term yield dropped by 12.2bp, followed by 10 - year yield declines of 12.7bp in November and 34.5bp in December [8][20]. 3.3 The Maturity of Central Bank - Held Treasury Bonds Does Not Directly Affect Liquidity and May Not Require Immediate Renewal - When treasury bonds held by the central bank mature, it leads to a reduction in both claims on the government and government deposits, resulting in a balance - sheet contraction. The maturity of short - term treasury bonds does not directly contract liquidity but indirectly affects it by reducing government deposits. Therefore, the central bank is not expected to renew them urgently [24]. 3.4 The Restart of Central Bank's Treasury Bond Trading May Still Need to Wait - The central bank suspended treasury bond trading in January this year, mainly considering two points: the fiscal supply situation and whether the treasury bond yield is within the central bank's desirable range. The central bank will resume operations based on market supply - demand and yield changes [28]. - From the perspective of fiscal supply rhythm, the restart of central bank's treasury bond trading may be postponed. August and November are expected to be key points for liquidity disturbances in the second half of this year, with estimated net financing exceeding 900 billion and 800 billion respectively. Therefore, the earliest restart may be around August [29]. 3.5 More Marginal Changes Are Needed for Interest Rates to Break Through Downward - Currently, the bond market has a high winning probability but low odds, with over - valuation and long - term yields potentially below the central bank's desirable range. The 10 - year treasury bond yield fit value is significantly higher than the current 1.65% level. It is recommended to allocate 10 - year treasury bonds around a yield of 1.65% when there are adjustments, and pay attention to the callback risk if the yield falls to 1.6% [34].

Group 1 - The company bond ETF (511030) increased by 0.04%, with the latest price at 106.15 yuan, and its scale reached a new high of 21.706 billion yuan [1] - The company bond ETF has seen continuous net inflows for 16 days, with a maximum single-day net inflow of 1.538 billion yuan, totaling 6.137 billion yuan, averaging 384 million yuan per day [1] Group 2 - The national debt ETF for 5 to 10 years (511020) rose by 0.01%, marking its third consecutive increase, with the latest price at 117.58 yuan and a net value increase of 20.50% over the past five years [4] - The national debt ETF for 5 to 10 years reached a new scale high of 1.464 billion yuan [4] - The national development bond ETF (159651) also increased by 0.01%, achieving a latest price of 106.23 yuan [4] Group 3 - The bond market is currently experiencing weak performance, primarily due to interest rates nearing critical levels, with market sentiment and technical indicators not supporting further movements in interest rates or national debt futures [4] - The outlook for the bond market remains optimistic regarding liquidity, with a necessary focus on bank liabilities in the context of potential interest rate cuts [4] - The credit bond market continues to favor duration strategies, although the current term spread is relatively low, requiring short-term rates to follow liquidity rates down for further compression of long-term bond spreads [4] Group 4 - The three main members of the Ping An Fund bond ETF include the company bond ETF (511030), the national development bond ETF (159651), and the national debt ETF for 5 to 10 years (511020), covering various types of bonds and durations to assist investors in navigating the bond market cycle [5]

Monetary Policy - The central bank conducted a reverse repurchase operation of 525.9 billion yuan for 7 days at a fixed rate of 1.40%, with a net injection of 364.7 billion yuan after accounting for 161.2 billion yuan maturing on the same day [1][3] Market Liquidity - The central bank's significant net injection has led to a slight decline in the overnight pledged repo rate for deposit-taking institutions, currently around 1.36% [3] - The latest overnight financing rate in the U.S. stands at 4.36% [3] Interbank Certificates of Deposit - The latest transaction rate for one-year interbank certificates of deposit among major banks is approximately 1.65%, showing little change from the previous day [6] Government Bond Futures - The closing prices for government bond futures showed increases: 30-year contracts rose by 0.17%, 10-year by 0.09%, 5-year by 0.1%, and 2-year by 0.03% [10] International Relations - Chinese leadership emphasized the importance of mutual support in development paths during a meeting with the Senegalese Prime Minister, aiming to strengthen political trust and cultural exchanges [11] - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce expressed hope for improved U.S.-China trade relations following discussions on the London framework, aiming for a stable and sustainable economic relationship [11] U.S. Legislative Developments - The "Big and Beautiful" bill passed a procedural vote in the U.S. Senate, which could significantly impact U.S. capital markets and investor sentiment if implemented [13] - President Trump has been pressuring the Federal Reserve to lower interest rates, but the probability of a rate cut in July remains around 20% [13] Bond Market Updates - The Shanghai Stock Exchange plans to release a series of indices for subdivided credit ratings of convertible and exchangeable bonds [15] - The scale of bond ETFs has surpassed 360 billion yuan, indicating strong investor interest in a declining interest rate environment [15]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Group 2: Core Views of the Report - Last week, the Israel - Iran cease - fire, the funding situation continued to tighten near the half - year mark, and MLF was scaled back. The bond market adjusted slightly, and ultra - long bonds declined slightly. The trading activity of ultra - long bonds increased significantly, and both the term spread and the variety spread remained flat [1][9][36] - For the 30 - year treasury bond, as of June 27, the spread between the 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bonds was 20BP, at a historically low level. Considering that the funding rate will decline again after the half - year mark, the bond market is more likely to rise, but the term spread protection is limited [2][10] - For the 20 - year CDB bond, as of June 27, the spread between the 20 - year CDB bond and the 20 - year treasury bond was 4BP, at a historically extremely low level. The bond market is more likely to rise after the half - year mark, but the variety spread protection is limited [3][11] Group 3: Summary by Directory 1. Weekly Review Ultra - long Bond Review - Last week, due to the Israel - Iran cease - fire, tightened funding near the half - year mark, and MLF scaling back, the bond market adjusted slightly, and ultra - long bonds declined slightly. Trading activity increased significantly, and both term and variety spreads remained flat [1][9][36] 2. Ultra - long Bond Investment Outlook 30 - year Treasury Bond - As of June 27, the 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bond spread was 20BP, at a historically low level. The May GDP growth rate was about 5.0% year - on - year, down 0.1% from April but still higher than the annual target. May CPI was - 0.1% and PPI was - 3.1%, with deflation risks. Exports declined rapidly in May, and domestic housing prices turned negative month - on - month. After the half - year mark, the bond market is more likely to rise, but term spread protection is limited [2][10] 20 - year CDB Bond - As of June 27, the 20 - year CDB bond and 20 - year treasury bond spread was 4BP, at a historically extremely low level. Economic data shows similar characteristics as the 30 - year treasury bond situation. After the half - year mark, the bond market is more likely to rise, but variety spread protection is limited [3][11] 3. Ultra - long Bond Basic Overview - As of May 31, the balance of ultra - long bonds with a remaining maturity of over 14 years was 21.6823 trillion yuan, accounting for 14.4% of all bonds. Local government bonds and treasury bonds are the main varieties. By remaining maturity, the 30 - year variety has the highest proportion [12] 4. Primary Market Weekly Issuance - Last week (June 23 - 27, 2025), the issuance of ultra - long bonds increased significantly, totaling 389.9 billion yuan. By variety, local government bonds and treasury bonds were the main issuers. By term, 30 - year bonds had the largest issuance volume [17] This Week's Planned Issuance - The announced ultra - long bond issuance plan for this week is 33.6 billion yuan, all of which are ultra - long local government bonds [21] 5. Secondary Market Trading Volume - Last week, ultra - long bond trading was very active, with a turnover of 1.3892 trillion yuan, accounting for 14.2% of all bonds. Compared with the previous week, trading activity increased significantly [23] Yield - Last week, due to various factors, the bond market adjusted slightly, and ultra - long bonds declined slightly. Yields of different - term and different - variety ultra - long bonds changed to varying degrees [36] Spread Analysis - Last week, the term spread of ultra - long bonds remained flat, with an absolute low level. The benchmark 30 - year and 10 - year treasury bond spread was 20BP. The variety spread also remained flat, with an absolute low level. The benchmark 20 - year CDB bond and treasury bond spread was 4BP, and the 20 - year railway bond and treasury bond spread was 9BP [42][43] 6. 30 - year Treasury Bond Futures - Last week, the main 30 - year treasury bond futures contract TL2509 closed at 120.89 yuan, a decline of 0.35%. Trading volume increased significantly compared with the previous week, and open interest increased slightly [50]