Group 1 - China will become the first economy to pay interest on central bank digital currency, with the digital yuan framework set to launch on January 1, 2026, transitioning from "digital cash" to "digital deposit currency" [1] - The People's Bank of China will implement a reduction in the interest rates for existing housing loans starting January 1, 2026, with first-time home buyers seeing rates drop to 2.1% for loans under five years and 2.6% for loans over five years [1] - The 2026 national subsidy plan has been officially released, with 62.5 billion yuan allocated for consumer goods replacement and upgrades, including new categories like smart glasses and smart home products [2] Group 2 - A significant policy change in the real estate market will lower the value-added tax on the sale of homes held for less than two years from 5% to 3%, effective January 1, 2026, which is expected to increase transaction activity in the second-hand housing market [3] - Multiple public fund institutions have released optimistic investment strategies for 2026, highlighting technology as a key investment theme, with expectations for improved overall corporate performance [2] - Silver has emerged as a standout asset in 2025, with a cumulative increase of approximately 147%, significantly outperforming gold, and analysts expect the factors supporting silver prices to remain relevant in 2026 [3]

Market Overview - The A-share market experienced a volatile adjustment last week, with major indices showing mixed performance. The Shanghai Composite Index slightly increased by 0.13% to close at 3,968.84 points, while the Shenzhen Component Index fell by 0.58%, and the ChiNext Index dropped by 1.25% [1][10] - The Hong Kong stock market started the year positively, with the Hang Seng Tech Index rising by 4%, indicating a positive signal from foreign capital towards emerging markets [1] Industry Performance - Most sectors in the Wande primary industry index declined last week, with Communication Services (+2.13%) and Energy (+1.54%) leading the gains, benefiting from policy expectations and stabilization in commodity prices. Conversely, Utilities (-2.64%) and Healthcare (-1.99%) faced pressure, likely due to risk-averse sentiment and weak consumption [1][10] Fund Issuance - A total of 33 funds were issued last week, including 21 equity funds, 6 mixed funds, 4 bond funds, and 2 FOFs, with a total issuance of 11.916 billion units [1][16] Fund Performance - The Wande All-Fund Index decreased by 0.31% last week. The Wande Ordinary Equity Fund Index fell by 0.76%, and the Wande Mixed Equity Fund Index declined by 0.63% [5][6] Global Market Overview - Global markets showed a mixed pattern last week, with U.S. stock markets generally retreating, while European markets rebounded moderately, led by a 1.13% increase in the French CAC40. Asian emerging markets performed strongly, with the Korean Composite Index rising by 4.36% and the Hang Seng Index increasing by 2.01% [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a macroeconomic calendar for 2026, detailing important economic data releases and meetings that could impact market conditions and investment strategies [1]. Domestic Data - PMI data is scheduled for release on January 31, February 4, March 31, April 30, May 31, June 30, July 31, August 31, September 30, October 31, November 30, and December 31 [1]. - Foreign trade data will be released on March 14, February 10, February 14, June 9, February 9, February 14, and December 10 [1]. - Financial data is expected to be published between 16:00 and 19:00 on January 12, February 13, March 13, April 13, May 12, June 12, July 13, August 14, September 11, October 12, November 13, and December 11 [1]. - Price data will be available on January 9:30, February 11, March 9, April 10, May 11, June 10, July 9, August 9, September 14, October 9, November 9, and December 9 [1]. - Industrial enterprise profit data is set for release on January 9:30, February 271, March 271, April 271, May 271, June 271, July 271, August 271, September 271, October 271, November 271, and December 271 [1]. Overseas Data - U.S. non-farm employment data will be released on the 9th of each month from January to December [1]. - U.S. CPI data is scheduled for January 13, February 11, March 11, April 10, May 12, June 10, July 14, August 12, September 11, October 14, November 10, and December 10 [1]. - U.S. GDP data will be published on April 29, with no specific dates for other months [1]. - The Federal Reserve's interest rate meeting is set for April 29, September 19, and June 30 [1]. - The European Central Bank's interest rate meeting is scheduled for April 5, April 19, and April 30 [1]. Important Meetings - The Central Economic Work Conference will take place in mid-December [1]. - The Political Bureau meeting focused on economic research is expected at the end of each month [1]. - The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference is scheduled for April 24-27 [1].

Core Viewpoint - The article provides a macroeconomic calendar for 2026, detailing important economic data releases and meetings that could impact market conditions and investment strategies [1]. Domestic Data - PMI data is scheduled for release on January 31, February 4, March 31, April 30, May 31, June 30, July 31, August 31, September 30, October 31, November 30, and December 31 [1]. - Foreign trade data will be released on March 14, February 10, February 14, June 9, February 14, and December 10 [1]. - Financial data is expected to be published between 16:00 and 19:00 on January 12, February 13, March 13, April 13, May 12, June 12, July 13, August 14, September 11, October 12, November 13, and December 11 [1]. - Price data will be available on January 9:30, February 11, March 9, April 10, May 11, June 10, July 9, August 9, September 14, October 9, November 9, and December 9 [1]. - Industrial enterprise profit data is set for release on January 9:30, February 271, March 271, April 271, May 271, June 271, July 271, August 271, September 271, October 271, November 271, and December 271 [1]. Overseas Data - U.S. non-farm employment data will be released on January 9, February 6, March 6, April 3, May 8, June 5, July 2, August 4, September 21, October 6, November 4, and December 4 [1]. - U.S. CPI data is scheduled for January 13, February 11, March 11, April 10, May 12, June 10, July 14, August 12, September 11, October 14, November 10, and December 10 [1]. - U.S. GDP data will be available on April 29, with no specific dates for other months [1]. - The Federal Reserve's interest rate meeting is set for April 29, September 19, and November 1 [1]. Important Meetings - The Central Economic Work Conference is expected to occur in mid-December [1]. - The Political Bureau meeting focused on economic research is scheduled for the end of each month [1]. - The Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference will take place from April 24 to April 27 [1].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government bond market in 2025 is characterized by a unique path amid macroeconomic narratives and intense market dynamics, effectively supporting fiscal policies and enhancing resilience while fulfilling its core mission of financing and liquidity provision [1] Group 1: Primary Market - The primary market for government bonds in 2025 achieved a historic leap with a total issuance of 16,014.02 billion yuan, a significant increase of 28.37% compared to 12,474.83 billion yuan in 2024 [2][3] - The issuance structure was optimized with a scientific front-loading of issuance schedules, ensuring timely funding for major national strategies [4] - The issuance of special bonds, particularly ultra-long-term special bonds amounting to 1.3 trillion yuan, targeted critical national strategic areas and is expected to significantly boost annual GDP growth [4] Group 2: Interest Rates and Market Dynamics - The overall interest rates for government bonds showed a downward trend, effectively guiding the financing costs across the economy, with short-term rates ranging from 1.16% to 1.79% and 10-year bond rates stabilizing around 1.78% [5] - The secondary market experienced fluctuations in the 10-year bond yield, which ranged from approximately 1.6% to 1.9%, reflecting a complex interplay of market expectations and policy responses [7] Group 3: Market Functionality and Future Outlook - The evolution of the government bond market in 2025 transcended mere financing, becoming a cornerstone of national financial strategy, enhancing its role as a stabilizer and attractor of foreign investment [11] - The modernization of bond management, including the integration of bond trading into regular monetary policy tools, marks a significant milestone in improving monetary policy transmission efficiency [11] - Looking ahead, the bond market is expected to continue evolving under the theme of "high-quality development," balancing government financing needs with financial stability while enhancing the role of the yield curve as a pricing benchmark [12]

Core Viewpoint - The global economy is entering a new cycle characterized by significant uncertainty, described as "quicksand" by the chief economist of Swiss Re, Jerome Haegeli, highlighting the unprecedented turbulence and fundamental restructuring of growth models and governance frameworks [2][7]. Group 1: Key Risks Facing the Global Economy - The three core risks identified for 2026-2027 are rapid changes, fiscal policy dynamics, and fragmentation [7]. - Rapid changes indicate that the risk landscape may shift quickly, encompassing both upward and downward risks [7]. - Fiscal policy is becoming the dominant force in economic regulation, with excessive expansion leading to increased government debt and challenges to the independence of the Federal Reserve [7][8]. - Fragmentation refers to the potential spillover of trade tensions into the service sector, which could significantly impact investment and alter global risk pricing mechanisms [8]. Group 2: China's Economic Outlook - Swiss Re projects China's growth rate for the coming year to be approximately 4.5%, with consumer confidence and spending needing restoration to enhance economic resilience [9]. - China's export structure is upgrading, with a rising share of high-value goods and intermediate products, which is crucial for withstanding tariff impacts [9]. Group 3: Global Insurance Market Trends - The global insurance market is experiencing significant changes, with a projected decline in total premium growth from 3.1% in 2025 to 2.3% in the following two years [11]. - Life insurance is expected to see accelerated growth at around 2.5%, while non-life insurance growth may slow to 2.1%, below the past five-year average of 3% [11]. Group 4: Challenges and Opportunities in the Insurance Industry - Key variables such as inflation, high interest rates, and financial fragmentation present both risks and opportunities for the insurance sector [12]. - The rise of industrial policy and AI is expected to reshape the insurance landscape, influencing underwriting capabilities and operational efficiency [12]. - Global debt levels are a significant concern, with many economies facing debt exceeding 100% of GDP, raising questions about sustainability and the impact on insurance claims [13]. Group 5: Investment Opportunities from China's 14th Five-Year Plan - The 14th Five-Year Plan emphasizes supply-side and demand-side policies, focusing on modernizing the industrial system and enhancing domestic demand [15]. - Investment opportunities are identified in green energy, smart transportation, digital transformation, and high-tech industries, which align with the plan's objectives [15].

Market Overview - The A-share market showed a strong upward trend last week, with major indices generally rising. The market style continued to favor resource products and technology growth, while consumer sectors experienced a pullback [1][6]. Macroeconomic Analysis - The national fiscal work conference indicated that a more proactive fiscal policy will continue in 2026, focusing on expanding fiscal spending and ensuring necessary expenditure. Key tasks include promoting domestic demand, boosting consumption, and increasing investment in new productive forces [2][7]. - From January to November, the total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 66,268.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 0.1%. The manufacturing sector led with a profit of 50,317.9 billion yuan, growing by 5.0% [2][7]. International Economic Context - In the third quarter, U.S. economic data exceeded expectations, with a GDP annualized growth rate of 4.3%, compared to an expected 3.3%. The resilience of the U.S. economy is attributed to strong personal consumption and public spending [3][8]. Investment Strategy - The market is expected to take a significant step forward as the year ends, supported by a systemic decline in risk-free interest rates and an anticipated surge in asset management demand. The capital market reforms are enhancing the investability of Chinese assets [4][9]. - Investment directions include technology growth, financial services, and cyclical sectors. Specific areas of interest are AI and computing infrastructure, as well as consumer stocks showing signs of recovery [4][9]. Domestic Demand Focus - The expectation for policies to expand domestic demand is strengthening, positioning it as a key theme alongside technology. The central government aims to build a strong domestic market and explore new growth spaces in emerging consumption and tourism sectors [5][10].

Report Industry Investment Rating There is no information about the report industry investment rating in the provided content. Core Viewpoints of the Report - 2025 was a transformative year for the bond market, with yield trends shifting from a unilateral decline to narrow - range fluctuations, trading strategies evolving, market scale expanding, and asset correlations changing [3][15]. - In 2026, China's economy will feature "internal improvement, external stability, and structural optimization", with GDP growth target around 5%. Monetary policy will remain "moderately loose", and fiscal policy will be "actively expansionary" [4][5]. - The bond market in 2026 will see a positive supply trend, with institutional behavior showing "stable but changing allocation and contracting and differentiating trading". The relationship between stocks and bonds will shift from a "see - saw" to a "re - balanced" state [7][8][9]. Summary According to the Table of Contents 1. 2025 Bond Market Review - **Yield Trend**: Yields shifted from a unilateral decline to narrow - range fluctuations, with a pattern of "rising - falling - rising - fluctuating" for long - term yields and short - term yields anchored around policy rates [15][16]. - **Bond Products**: The bond market became a core financing channel for economic transformation, with a high - stock, fast - expanding, and government - bond - concentrated structure [18]. - **Trading Strategy**: Financial institutions' trading strategies shifted from "trend trading" to a "coupon + band" composite strategy, with commercial banks and insurance institutions as the main holders of interest - rate bonds and brokers and overseas institutions increasing market volatility [23]. - **Asset Linkage**: The traditional linkage between treasury bond yields and traditional assets (A - shares, US stocks, gold) was broken, showing "three reversals" [29]. 2. Fundamentals: Internal Improvement, Gradual Progress - **GDP Growth Target**: In 2025, the GDP growth target of 5% was basically achieved, with a "high - then - low" pattern. In 2026, the target may remain around 5% [37][38]. - **Consumption Growth**: In 2025, consumption momentum slowed and there was a clear trend of consumption downgrade. In 2026, consumption will moderately recover, but factors such as policy support, income, and balance - sheet repair will limit the improvement [41][42]. - **Investment Growth**: In 2025, investment growth turned negative, showing a "high - then - low" trend. In 2026, investment is expected to stop falling and stabilize, with infrastructure and manufacturing investment as the core driving forces, and the decline in real - estate investment will narrow slightly [44][45][47]. - **Export Growth**: In 2025, exports showed strong resilience. In 2026, export growth is expected to remain stable, supported by factors such as diversified trade markets, upgraded export product structures, and enterprise overseas investment [52][53]. - **Price Movement**: In 2025, prices rebounded at a low level. In 2026, CPI will moderately recover, PPI's decline will narrow, and the GDP deflator is expected to gradually recover but may still be in the negative range [59]. 3. Policy Front: Moderately Loose Monetary Policy, Actively Expansionary Fiscal Policy - **Monetary Policy**: In 2025, monetary policy was moderately loose and operation became more refined. In 2026, it will continue the "moderately loose" tone, focusing on precise measures and cross - cycle balance, with policy tools transforming from quantity - based to price - based [62][63]. - **Fiscal Policy**: In 2025, fiscal policy was significantly expansionary, with a higher deficit rate. In 2026, it will continue the "actively expansionary" main line, with characteristics of "stable total growth, optimized structure, and front - loaded rhythm" [68]. 4. Bond Supply: Scale Expansion and Structural Optimization - **2025**: The supply of interest - rate bonds increased significantly, with government bonds leading the expansion and a front - loaded fiscal leverage rhythm [75]. - **2026**: The bond market supply will be positive, featuring "scale expansion, front - loaded rhythm, investment in new areas, and longer terms", with the government bond scale expected to reach a record high [76]. 5. Institutional Behavior: Stable but Changing Allocation, Contracting and Differentiating Trading - **Allocation Disk**: Commercial banks' bond allocation will increase steadily, with a shift towards the medium - and short - term. Insurance institutions' demand for bond allocation may weaken, and there will be a re - balance between stocks and bonds [84][85]. - **Trading Disk**: The trading disk's allocation of interest - rate bonds will contract overall, with internal differentiation and more cautious strategies [86]. 6. Equity Disturbance: From "Strong Stocks, Weak Bonds" to "Stock - Bond Re - balance" - **2025**: The stock - bond relationship was mainly "strong stocks, weak bonds", with the strength of the equity market suppressing the bond market [95]. - **2026**: The equity market is likely to continue to recover, and the stock - bond relationship will shift from a "see - saw" to a "re - balanced" state, with the squeezing effect on the bond market weakening [99]. 7. Capital Price: Continued Loose Capital, Marginally Increased Volatility - **2025**: Capital prices showed a downward trend with converging volatility, with the central bank guiding the centralization of capital prices and suppressing short - term fluctuations [102]. - **2026**: Capital prices are expected to show a double - feature of "systematically downward centralization and magnified periodic volatility", with the central bank relying on multiple tools to maintain stability [103]. 8. Outlook for Major Asset Trends - **Treasury Bonds**: Yields may show a "quasi - inverted V" pattern, with an expected range of 1.6% - 1.9% for the 10 - year treasury bond yield [109][111]. - **A - shares**: The equity market is likely to show a pattern of "shock - strengthening and structural differentiation", focusing on new - quality productivity [112]. - **US Stocks**: US stocks will continue to rise with technology leading, but the upward slope may slow down, and there is a risk of valuation bubbles [113]. - **US Bonds**: US bond yields will show a downward - centralization and steepening curve, but supply pressure and inflation resilience will limit the downward space [114]. - **Gold**: Gold prices will likely remain high, fluctuating upwards, but the upward momentum may slow down [115].

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1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the report industry investment rating is provided in the content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In December 2025, bond market yields oscillated and then trended upward, with a term - structure differentiation. The 10 - year Treasury yield rose 2BP, and the 1 - year Treasury yield fell 5BP. The term spread widened by 7BP to 51BP [1][8]. - In January 2026, focus on the 2025 GDP performance and the possibility of a Q1 economic start, the potentially active front - loading of supply, the possibility of central bank reserve requirement ratio cuts and flexible and cautious interest rate cuts, and the opening of the seasonal interest rate downward window and institutional net - increase support for the start - of - the - year [4][76]. - The bond market interest rate is expected to oscillate downward in January. It is recommended to actively seize the opportunity to enter the market when the interest rate oscillates downward, and also pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread of ultra - long bonds [5][77]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Bond Market Review - In December, affected by factors such as the central bank's precise liquidity care, loose funds, and repeated disturbances of interest rate cut expectations, the bond market yield oscillated and then trended upward. There was term - structure differentiation, with the 10 - year Treasury yield rising 2BP and the 1 - year Treasury yield falling 5BP. The term spread widened to 51BP [1][8]. - The yield curve of Treasury bonds in December was overall bull - steep, with the decline of the medium - and short - term generally larger. The implied tax rate of China Development Bank bonds rose overall [9]. - Overseas, the US inflation repair was less than expected. The Fed cut interest rates in December, but there were still large internal differences. The US bond yield trended upward, and the Sino - US interest rate spread inverted slightly widened. The US dollar against the RMB exchange rate declined [10]. - Weekly, the bond market yield first rose and then fell in the first week, declined overall in the second week, continued to decline in the third week, and oscillated and rebounded in the fourth week [17]. 3.2 This Month's Outlook and Strategy 3.2.1 Bond Market Outlook - **Fundamentals**: Pay attention to the improvement of inflation (CPI's moderate recovery and PPI's continuous positive month - on - month growth), the resilience of exports under high - base effects and its support for PMI, the decline of real estate supply and demand data, and the 2025 GDP growth rate and the possibility of a 2026 economic start. If the weak fundamental recovery continues, the upward market expectations may reverse [2][21]. - **Supply**: The 2025 deficit rate may remain at 4%, with the quotas of Treasury bonds and special bonds increasing. It is estimated that the net supply of government bonds in January will be about 1.24 trillion yuan, mainly due to more special bond issuances. The overall supply pressure has increased compared with the same period in 2025 [2][38]. - **Funds**: At the end of the year, the central bank clearly cared about cross - year liquidity, and the funds were loose recently. Although the liquidity may be under pressure due to factors such as the front - loading of government bond issuance and a large certificate of deposit maturity scale, it is expected that the bond market funds in January will fluctuate in a balanced manner, and the interest rate is likely to decline seasonally after the Gregorian New Year. Pay attention to the possibility of the central bank increasing Treasury bond purchases [3][51]. - **Policy**: The December economic meeting pointed out the policy direction for 2026. It is expected that reserve requirement ratio cuts and more flexible and cautious interest rate cuts are likely to be implemented in the first quarter to cooperate with fiscal efforts. More flexible tools can be expected next year [3][61]. - **Institutional Behavior**: In December, various institutional allocation portfolios continued to increase holdings but slightly converged, and trading portfolios turned to small - scale net purchases. In January, focus on the opening of the traditional interest rate downward window, the possibility of allocation forces increasing positions before the Spring Festival, the possibility of trading portfolios entering the market flexibly, and the opportunity of narrowing the spread of ultra - long bonds [3][65]. 3.2.2 Bond Market Strategy - In January, focus on the 2025 GDP performance and the Q1 economic start, the potentially active front - loading of supply, the possibility of central bank reserve requirement ratio cuts and flexible and cautious interest rate cuts, and the opening of the seasonal interest rate downward window and institutional net - increase support for the start - of - the - year [4][76]. - In terms of interest rates, the funds in January are likely to return to a balanced state after the cross - year under the central bank's care. There is room for the central bank's Treasury bond trading operations and reserve requirement ratio cuts. It is recommended to actively seize the opportunity to enter the market when the interest rate oscillates downward. For the short - end, the short - end interest rate has limited odds for short - term returns. For the long - end, the current 1.85% has reappeared allocation value. For ultra - long bonds, pay attention to the opportunity of narrowing the spread if the market conditions are favorable [5][77]. 3.3 January Important Economic Calendar The report provides the expected values of important economic indicators to be announced in January, including PPI, CPI, M2, new RMB loans, and other data [80].