Core Viewpoint - The report highlights the current state of various sectors, including liquidity, infrastructure, real estate, industrial products, and export chains, providing insights into price changes, production rates, and market conditions. Liquidity - The BCI small and medium enterprise financing environment index for November 2025 is 52.50, with a month-on-month increase of 0.17% [4] - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference in October 2025 is -2.0 percentage points, a decrease of 0.80 percentage points from the previous month [4] - The current price of London gold is $4,219 per ounce [4] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - Total inventory of five major steel varieties is at the highest level for the same period in four years [5] - Price changes this week include rebar up by 0.93% and cement price index up by 0.22%, while rubber decreased by 0.34% and coking coal by 3.14% [5] - National blast furnace capacity utilization rate, cement, and asphalt operating rates have changed by -0.60 percentage points, -1.27 percentage points, and +8.1 percentage points respectively [5] Real Estate Completion Chain - Prices of titanium dioxide and flat glass remain stable, with glass gross profit at -58 yuan/ton and titanium dioxide gross profit at -4,026 yuan/ton [6] - The operating rate for flat glass this week is 74.52% [6] Industrial Products Chain - Major commodity price changes this week include cold-rolled steel down by 0.25%, copper up by 1.77%, and aluminum up by 0.33% [7] - The gross profit for cold-rolled steel has turned from loss to profit, while the losses for other commodities have increased by 1.86% and 1.49% respectively [7] - The national semi-steel tire operating rate is 69.19%, a decrease of 1.88 percentage points [7] Subcategories - Tungsten concentrate prices have reached a new high since 2012, currently at 339,000 yuan/ton, with a week-on-week increase of 3.04% [8] - The price of graphite electrodes is 18,500 yuan/ton, with a gross profit of 1,357.4 yuan/ton, down by 17.59% [8] - The price of electrolytic aluminum is 21,430 yuan/ton, with estimated profit at 4,223 yuan/ton (excluding tax), up by 1.49% [8] Price Comparison Relationships - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore this week is 4.08 [10] - The price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel is 40 yuan/ton, while the price difference between cold-rolled and hot-rolled steel is 490 yuan/ton, down by 50 yuan/ton [10] - The price ratio of stainless steel hot-rolled to electrolytic nickel is 0.11 [10] Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in October 2025 is 45.90%, a decrease of 1.9 percentage points [11] - The CCFI comprehensive index for container shipping rates is 1,121.80 points, down by 0.09% this week [11] - The capacity utilization rate for crude steel in the U.S. is 76.90%, an increase of 0.70 percentage points [11] Valuation Percentiles - The CSI 300 index has increased by 1.64%, with the best-performing cyclical sector being industrial metals, up by 3.46% [12] - The PB ratio of ordinary steel and industrial metals relative to the CSI 300 is 37.40% and 86.64% respectively [12] - The current PB ratio for the ordinary steel sector relative to the CSI 300 is 0.53, with the highest value since 2013 being 0.82 [12]

Supply and Demand - Construction starts remain weak, with operating rates for asphalt plants, cement shipments, and grinding mills at historical lows[2] - Industrial production is at a historically high level, but some sectors are showing signs of weakness, such as PTA operating rates dropping to historical lows[2] - Demand for construction materials, automotive sales, and home appliances continues to decline, with rebar and building materials demand at historical lows[3] Prices - Domestic industrial product prices are fluctuating weakly, with black metals and coal prices recovering while construction materials are declining[4] - International commodity prices, including crude oil and copper, are experiencing weak fluctuations, while aluminum prices are rising[4] Real Estate - New housing transactions show significant year-on-year declines, with a 43% increase in transaction area compared to the previous two weeks, but still down 14% and 31% compared to 2023 and 2024 respectively[5] - Second-hand housing transactions remain weak, with transaction volumes in major cities like Beijing and Shanghai down 20% and 29% year-on-year respectively[5] Exports - Port throughput increased by 9.6% year-on-year, with November exports expected to show a positive growth of approximately 8.4%[6] Liquidity - Recent weeks have seen fluctuations in funding rates, with R007 at 1.52% and DR007 at 1.47% as of November 28[6] - The central bank has implemented a net injection of 12,973 billion yuan in recent weeks[6] Risk Warning - Potential risks include unexpected fluctuations in commodity prices and stronger-than-expected policy measures[6]

Group 1: Key Economic Data Review - In the US, September durable goods orders were revised up to 3% from 2.9%, with a preliminary month-on-month value of 0.5% [12] - September retail sales increased by 0.2%, below the expected 0.4%, and the previous value was 0.6% [12] - The Consumer Confidence Index for November was reported at 88.7, significantly lower than the expected 93.3 [12] - The Producer Price Index (PPI) for September showed a month-on-month increase of 0.3%, matching expectations, while the year-on-year figure was revised up to 2.7% [12] Group 2: Upcoming Economic Data - Key upcoming US economic data includes the November ISM Manufacturing PMI on December 1, and the November ISM Services PMI on December 3 [14] - In the Eurozone, the October unemployment rate and November CPI preliminary value are set to be released on December 2 [14] Group 3: Weekly Economic Index - The US Weekly Economic Index (WEI) decreased to 2.1% from 2.33% in the previous week, indicating a slight economic slowdown [17] - Conversely, Germany's Weekly Activity Index (WAI) increased to 0.23%, showing continued economic recovery [17] Group 4: Demand Insights - The US Redbook retail sales year-on-year growth slightly declined to 5.9% from 6.1% in the previous week [20] - Global flight numbers showed a year-on-year growth of 3.3%, down from 8.5% the previous week [22] - The US mortgage rate for a 30-year fixed loan decreased to 6.23% from 6.26% [25] Group 5: Employment Data - Initial jobless claims in the US were reported at 216,000, better than the expected 225,000 [28] - Continuing claims rose to 1.96 million, up from a previous value of 1.953 million [29] Group 6: Price Trends - Global commodity prices increased, with the RJ/CRB commodity price index rising by 1.3% [30] - US gasoline retail prices slightly decreased to $2.94 per gallon, down 0.1% from the previous week [30] Group 7: Financial Conditions - Financial conditions in the US and Eurozone showed marginal easing, with the Bloomberg financial conditions index for the US rising to 0.629 [32] - Offshore dollar liquidity improved slightly, with swap points for USD/JPY and USD/EUR increasing [34] - Long-term bond spreads narrowed, with the 10-year bond spread between Italy and Germany decreasing to 71.4 basis points [36]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View of the Report The supply pressure of polyolefins remains high, with new production capacities being put into operation. The downstream is entering the end of the peak season, and the peak - season performance is below expectations. The demand in the north is decreasing, and the follow - up of orders is limited. The cost support from crude oil is weak. Although there is some boost from the anti - disorderly competition policy, the overall supply - demand pattern of plastics remains unchanged, and polyolefins have insufficient upward momentum. It is expected that the upward space of polyolefins in December is limited. Attention should be paid to the anti - involution policy. [3] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1. Market Analysis - The plastic operating rate has dropped to around 88%, at a neutral level, and the PP enterprise operating rate remains at around 83%, at a slightly low - neutral level. New production capacities such as ExxonMobil (Huizhou) LDPE, PetroChina Guangxi Petrochemical HDPE, and PP have been put into operation, and more are expected in December. [3] - As of the week of November 28, the PE downstream operating rate decreased by 0.39 percentage points to 44.3%, and the PP downstream operating rate increased by 0.26 percentage points to 53.83%. However, the plastic - braiding operating rate of the PP drawing downstream decreased by 0.14 percentage points to 44.1%. [3] - In November, the destocking of petrochemicals slowed down, and the current petrochemical inventory is at a slightly high - neutral level in recent years. The cost support from crude oil is limited, and it is expected that the downstream operating rate will decline in the future. [3] 3.2. Market Review - In late November, the decline of the spot price was greater than that of the futures price, and the basis of plastics decreased but remained at a slightly low - neutral level. The PP basis continued to decline slightly and was at a low level. [15][20] 3.3. Plastic Production - In October 2025, the PE maintenance volume decreased by 14.29% month - on - month to 45.63 million tons, and the PE production increased by 6.54% month - on - month to 2.8836 million tons, reaching a record high. [24] - In October 2025, the PP maintenance volume increased by 2.47% month - on - month to 776,100 tons, and the PP production increased by 4.63% month - on - month to 3.5038 million tons, also reaching a record high. [32] 3.4. Plastic Operating Rate - In October 2025, the PE operating rate increased by 1.58 percentage points to 82.01%. Recently, the plastic operating rate has dropped to around 88%. [28] - In October 2025, the PP operating rate increased by 0.94 percentage points to 77.26%. Recently, the PP enterprise operating rate remains at around 83%. [36] 3.5. PE and PP Imports and Exports - In October 2025, China's PE imports were 1.0112 million tons, a year - on - year decrease of 16.23%, and exports were 83,300 tons, a year - on - year increase of 35.42%. The net imports decreased by 18.99% year - on - year. [43] - In October 2025, China's PP imports were 273,100 tons, a year - on - year decrease of 12.16%, and exports were 235,100 tons, a year - on - year increase of 18.62%. It is expected that PP net imports will decline. [49] 3.6. Polyolefin Downstream - From January to October 2025, the cumulative production of plastic products was 65.573 million tons, a year - on - year increase of 0.5%, and the export amount was 614.55 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of - 1.0%. [53] - As of the week of November 28, the PE downstream operating rate decreased, and the PP downstream operating rate increased slightly, but the plastic - braiding operating rate of the PP drawing downstream decreased. [57] 3.7. Polyolefin Inventory As of November 28, the petrochemical early - morning inventory was flat at 650,000 tons compared with the previous period, and was 70,000 tons higher than the same period last year. The destocking of petrochemicals slowed down in November, and the inventory is at a slightly high - neutral level in recent years. [61] 3.8. Polyolefin Profit In November, the profits of all processes of LLDPE and PP were in the red. Except for a slight increase in the profit of methanol - made LLDPE and PP, the profits of other processes declined. [65]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided 2. Core View of the Report - The PP downstream operating rate increased by 0.26 percentage points to 53.83% week - on - week, but the operating rate of the plastic weaving industry, the main downstream of the drawstring, decreased. The 11 - month petrochemical destocking slowed down, and the current petrochemical inventory is at a moderately high level in the same period in recent years. The cost - side crude oil price fluctuates at a low level. Although the supply of new production capacity is added and the maintenance devices are slightly reduced, the downstream is at the end of the peak season, and the market lacks large - scale centralized procurement. The overall supply - demand pattern of plastics remains unchanged, and it is expected that the upward space of PP will be limited in the near future [1] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Market Analysis - The PP downstream operating rate increased by 0.26 percentage points to 53.83% week - on - week, at a low level in the same period over the years. However, the operating rate of the plastic weaving industry, the main downstream of the drawstring, decreased by 0.14 percentage points to 44.1%, and the plastic weaving orders were flat week - on - week, slightly lower than the same period last year. On November 28, the changes in maintenance devices were small, the PP enterprise operating rate remained at about 83%, at a moderately low level, and the production ratio of standard drawstring decreased to about 28%. In November, the petrochemical destocking slowed down, and the current petrochemical inventory is at a moderately high level in the same period in recent years. The crude oil price fluctuates at a low level. There is new production capacity in supply, and the maintenance devices have slightly decreased recently. The downstream is at the end of the peak season, and the market lacks large - scale centralized procurement. Although the relevant departments' research work has given some boost to bulk commodities, the overall supply - demand pattern of plastics remains unchanged, and it is expected that the upward space of PP will be limited in the near future [1] 3.2 Futures and Spot Market Futures Market - The PP2601 contract decreased in positions and fluctuated upward, with a minimum price of 6302 yuan/ton, a maximum price of 6413 yuan/ton, and finally closed at 6409 yuan/ton, below the 20 - day moving average, with a gain of 1.91%. The position volume decreased by 50,595 lots to 506,658 lots [2] Spot Market - The spot prices of PP in various regions mostly increased. The drawstring was reported at 6150 - 6480 yuan/ton [3] 3.3 Fundamental Tracking - On the supply side, on November 28, the changes in maintenance devices were small, the PP enterprise operating rate remained at about 83%, at a moderately low level, and the production ratio of standard drawstring decreased to about 28%. On the demand side, as of the week of November 28, the PP downstream operating rate increased by 0.26 percentage points to 53.83% week - on - week, at a low level in the same period over the years. However, the operating rate of the plastic weaving industry, the main downstream of the drawstring, decreased by 0.14 percentage points to 44.1%, and the plastic weaving orders were flat week - on - week, slightly lower than the same period last year. The petrochemical early - morning inventory on Friday was flat week - on - week at 650,000 tons, 70,000 tons higher than the same period last year. In November, the petrochemical destocking slowed down, and the current petrochemical inventory is at a moderately high level in the same period in recent years [4] 3.4 Raw Material End - The Brent crude oil 02 contract rose to $63/barrel, and the China CFR propylene price was flat week - on - week at $735/ton [6]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that the copper market is expected to experience price fluctuations in 2025, with a projected average price of $9,704 per ton, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 6%, and is anticipated to break historical highs by the end of the year [2] - The demand for refined copper is expected to remain robust, with China accounting for 58% of global consumption in 2024, and a steady growth rate of 2% CAGR from 2016 to 2024 [3][4] - The supply side is characterized by a gradual increase in C1 costs and a tight mining situation, with copper concentrate production growth lagging behind refined copper production growth [4] Group 2 - In 2026, the copper market is projected to be in a tight balance, with a supply gap of 50,000 tons, and both supply and demand expected to grow by 3% year-on-year [5] - The company anticipates that the copper price will continue to rise, reaching a central price of $10,500 per ton in 2026 due to tightening supply and sustained demand [5] - The report highlights that the sentiment in the market may react more strongly than the actual fundamental performance, indicating a potential disconnect between market perception and reality [3]

Liquidity - The BCI small and medium enterprise financing environment index for October 2025 is 52.41, with a month-on-month increase of 10.15% [4] - The M1 and M2 growth rate difference in October 2025 is -2.0 percentage points, a decrease of 0.80 percentage points from the previous month [4] - The current price of London gold is $4064 per ounce [4] Infrastructure and Real Estate Chain - The operating rates for cement and asphalt have dropped to the lowest level in five years [5] - Weekly price changes include rebar up by 1.89%, cement price index down by 0.47%, rubber up by 0.34%, coke up by 3.29%, coking coal down by 0.95%, and iron ore up by 1.40% [5] - National blast furnace capacity utilization, cement, and asphalt operating rates have decreased by 0.22 percentage points, 10.80 percentage points, and 8.8 percentage points respectively [5] Real Estate Completion Chain - The prices of titanium dioxide and flat glass remain at low profit levels, with flat glass operating rate at 74.86% [6] - The weekly price change for titanium dioxide and glass is 0.00% [6] - The profit margins for flat glass and titanium dioxide are -58 yuan/ton and -1526 yuan/ton respectively [6] Industrial Products Chain - The operating rate for semi-steel tires is at a five-year high [7] - Major commodity price changes include cold-rolled steel down by 0.25%, copper down by 1.35%, and aluminum down by 2.42% [7] - The national semi-steel tire operating rate is 71.07%, a decrease of 2.61 percentage points [7] Subcategories - The price of tungsten concentrate has reached a new high since 2012, at 329,000 yuan/ton, with a week-on-week increase of 3.46% [8] - The price of graphite electrodes is 18,500 yuan/ton, with a profit margin of 1357.4 yuan/ton, down by 19.55% [8] - The price of electrolytic aluminum is 21,360 yuan/ton, with a profit margin of 4161 yuan/ton (excluding tax), down by 9.96% [8] Price Comparison - The price ratio of rebar to iron ore is 4.03 this week [10] - The price difference between hot-rolled and rebar steel is 50 yuan/ton [10] - The price difference between cold-rolled and hot-rolled steel in Shanghai is 540 yuan/ton, an increase of 70 yuan/ton [10] Export Chain - The new export orders PMI for China in October 2025 is 45.90%, a decrease of 1.9 percentage points [11] - The China Containerized Freight Index (CCFI) composite index is 1122.79 points this week, an increase of 2.63% [11] - The capacity utilization rate for crude steel in the US is 76.20%, a decrease of 0.50 percentage points [11] Valuation Percentiles - The CSI 300 index has decreased by 3.77%, with the best-performing cyclical sector being engineering machinery at -1.65% [12] - The PB ratio of ordinary steel and industrial metals relative to the PB of the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets is 40.01% and 85.11% respectively [12] - The current PB ratio for the ordinary steel sector relative to the Shanghai and Shenzhen markets is 0.54, with the highest value since 2013 being 0.82 [12]

Core Viewpoint - Algeria's foreign exchange reserves are a crucial indicator of its economic health, projected to exceed $81 billion by 2025, ranking second in Africa after Libya [1] Group 1: Foreign Exchange Reserves - Algeria's foreign exchange reserves are expected to surpass $81 billion by 2025, placing it second in Africa, behind Libya's approximately $92 billion [1] - The reserves are significantly higher than Morocco's $36.3 billion and Tunisia's $9.24 billion, which rank fifth and eighth respectively [1] - The stability of Algeria's reserves is primarily supported by oil and gas export revenues and recent government policies aimed at regulating imports and controlling foreign exchange expenditures [1] Group 2: Economic Indicators - President Tebboune stated in September that the current level of foreign exchange reserves is "acceptable," sufficient to cover 1 year and 5 months to 1 year and a half of import needs [1] - South Africa ranks third in Africa with $62.4 billion in reserves, followed by Nigeria with $41.3 billion, and other countries like Egypt, Angola, Côte d'Ivoire, and Kenya [1] Group 3: Regional Economic Differences - The foreign exchange reserve levels in North African countries are significantly higher than those in many West and East African nations [1] - Variations in foreign reserves are closely linked to global energy prices, structural reform processes, and international market pressures [1] - These differences reflect the diverse economic structures across African regions and indicate the direct impact of import policies and commodity prices on national external assets [1]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. Core View of the Report - The nickel market is in a situation of high inventory and oversupply, and the nickel price is expected to remain in a low - level oscillation. The stainless - steel market faces low demand, high inventory, and a continuous downward shift in cost, and it is expected to maintain a low - level oscillation as well [1][3][5]. Summary by Related Contents Nickel Variety Market Analysis - **Futures**: On November 20, 2025, the main contract of Shanghai nickel 2601 opened at 115,750 yuan/ton and closed at 115,380 yuan/ton, a change of - 0.23% from the previous trading day's close. The trading volume was 124,692 (+42,129) lots, and the open interest was 152,848 (12,764) lots. It showed a weak and oscillating downward trend. The uncertainty of the Fed's policy increased, the probability of a December interest rate cut was less than 50%, the US dollar strengthened, and the supply - demand relationship became looser with rising inventory, leading to a clear short - term downward trend [1]. - **Nickel Ore**: The nickel ore market was mainly in a wait - and - see state, and the price remained stable. In the Philippines, the 1.4% nickel ore tender of Eramen landed at $42/wet ton, and the 1.25% nickel ore tender of Benguet had no deal. The nickel - iron tender price of downstream mainstream steel mills reached a new low of 880 yuan/nickel (including tax at the hatch bottom), and iron plants were not very motivated to produce and mostly adopted a wait - and - see attitude towards raw material procurement. In Indonesia, the second - phase domestic trade benchmark price in November dropped by $0.12 - 0.2/ton, and the mainstream premium was +26, with the premium range mostly between +25 - 26 [1]. - **Spot**: Jinchuan Group's sales price in the Shanghai market was 119,800 yuan/ton, an increase of 300 yuan/ton from the previous trading day. Downstream buyers made purchases mainly for rigid demand, and the overall spot transaction was okay. The premiums of Jinchuan nickel, imported nickel, and nickel beans were 4,100 yuan/ton, 500 yuan/ton, and 2,450 yuan/ton respectively. The previous trading day's Shanghai nickel warehouse receipt volume was 34,631 (- 793) tons, and the LME nickel inventory was 254,172 (-1,674) tons [2]. Strategy - It is recommended to mainly conduct range operations for single - side trading, and there are no suggestions for cross - period, cross - variety, spot - futures, and options trading [3]. Stainless - Steel Variety Market Analysis - **Futures**: On November 20, 2025, the main contract of stainless steel 2601 opened at 12,330 yuan/ton and closed at 12,285 yuan/ton. The trading volume was 119,724 (+31,045) lots, and the open interest was 192,398 (-4,171) lots. The price basically followed the trend of Shanghai nickel, showing an oscillating downward trend. Due to weak downstream demand, high inventory, and the continuous decline of nickel price, there was still no sign of price rebound [3]. - **Spot**: The price continued to decline and reached a historical low, the market sentiment was even more sluggish, and the transaction was light. The stainless - steel price in the Wuxi market was 12,675 (+0) yuan/ton, and that in the Foshan market was 12,700 (+0) yuan/ton. The SMM data showed that the ex - factory tax - included average price of high - nickel pig iron changed by - 2.50 yuan/nickel point to 894.5 yuan/nickel point [3]. Strategy - A neutral stance is recommended for single - side trading, and there are no suggestions for cross - period, cross - variety, spot - futures, and options trading [5].

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core Views - Due to the high inventory and oversupply, nickel prices are expected to remain in a low - level oscillation. Stainless steel is also expected to stay in a low - level oscillation due to weak demand, high inventory, and a downward - shifting cost center [1][3]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs Nickel Variety - **Market Analysis** - On November 18, 2025, the main nickel contract 2512 opened at 116,420 yuan/ton and closed at 114,840 yuan/ton, a - 1.67% change from the previous trading day. The trading volume was 117,416 (+14,501) lots, and the open interest was 99,682 (-7,659) lots. The main nickel contract continued its downward trend and may continue to oscillate to find the bottom in the short term. The Fed's internal division on a December interest rate cut and the rising dollar index (to 99.6) pressured commodity prices and led to the decline of nickel prices [1]. - In the nickel ore market, the trading atmosphere was fair, and prices remained stable. In the Philippines, there were tenders for 1.4% nickel ore from Eramen and 1.25% nickel ore from Benguet. Downstream nickel - iron prices were falling, and iron mills were mainly in a wait - and - see mode and had a price - pressing mentality. In Indonesia, the November (second - phase) domestic trade benchmark price fell by 0.12 - 0.2 dollars/wet ton, and the mainstream premium was +26, with the premium range mostly between +25 - 26 [2]. - The spot price of Jinchuan Group in the Shanghai market was 119,000 yuan/ton, a 1,500 - yuan/ton drop from the previous trading day. As prices continued to fall, the purchasing enthusiasm of downstream enterprises increased, and the spot premiums of refined nickel brands mostly rose. The premium of Jinchuan nickel changed by 150 yuan/ton to 4,050 yuan/ton, the premium of imported nickel remained unchanged at 500 yuan/ton, and the premium of nickel beans was 2,450 yuan/ton. The previous trading day's Shanghai nickel warehouse receipts were 35,826 (+799) tons, and LME nickel inventory was 257,694 (+5,604) tons [2]. - **Strategy** - It is recommended to mainly use range - bound operations for single - sided trading, and there are no suggestions for inter - period, inter - variety, spot - futures, and options trading [3]. Stainless Steel Variety - **Market Analysis** - On November 18, 2025, the main stainless - steel contract 2601 opened at 12,415 yuan/ton and closed at 12,365 yuan/ton. The trading volume was 92,400 (-44,713) lots, and the open interest was 177,321 (-4,171) lots. The main stainless - steel contract showed a low - level oscillation, with prices oscillating between 12,300 - 12,500 yuan/ton, breaking below the 5 - day moving average, indicating an initial short - term downward trend. Due to weak downstream demand, high inventory, and the continuous decline of nickel prices, there were still no signs of a rebound in stainless - steel prices [3]. - Spot prices continued to decline to historical lows, but the market was pessimistic, and trading did not improve significantly. The stainless - steel price in the Wuxi market was 12,675 (-25) yuan/ton, and in the Foshan market, it was 12,700 (-50) yuan/ton. The 304/2B premium was 365 to 615 yuan/ton. The ex - factory tax - included average price of high - nickel pig iron changed by - 3.00 yuan/nickel point to 899.5 yuan/nickel point [3]. - **Strategy** - A neutral stance is recommended for single - sided trading, and there are no suggestions for inter - period, inter - variety, spot - futures, and options trading [4].