2025 年 05 月 18 日 证券研究报告 | 策略周报 关税超预期调降，资金为何转向防御？ 策略周报 分析师：刘芳 分析师登记编码：S0890524100002 电话：021-20321091 邮箱：liufang@cnhbstock.com 相关研究报告 1、《关税窗口期应如何博弈？—策略周 报》2025-05-11 2、《政治局会议临近，应如何布局？— 策略周报》2025-04-20 3、《关税对 A 股哪些行业影响较大？— 策略周报》2025-04-13 4、《关税迷雾叠加美股震荡，资产应如 何配置？—策略周报》2025-03-30 5、《科技主线重燃，二次上行可期 —策 略周报》2025-03-09 投资要点 分析师：郝一凡 【债市方面】短期长端债券面临波动。中美经贸高层会谈达成重要共识，并取 得实质性进展，在一定程度上提振了市场情绪。出口预期修复和风险偏好提振 下，债市长端或面临波动调整压力。不过长期来看，4 月制造业 PMI 回落至荣 枯线下方，出口增速下滑压力尚未完全显现，但关税调整对基本面的影响或逐 步释放，支撑债市避险需求。 销售服务电话： 【股市方面】短期维持震荡，行业轮动加剧。当前 ...

摘要 1、今天，A股三大指数集体上涨，港股尾盘拉升！中美贸易谈判迎来重磅进展！本周，还有这些大事要来。 2、科技、军工板块涨幅居前，未来哪些板块机会更大？机构看好三大方向。 3、 上天天基金APP搜索【777】开户即可 领98元券包 ，优选基金10元起投！限量发放！先到先得！ 真话白话说财经，理财不说违心话 --这是第1348 篇白话财经- - 今天，在中美谈判迎来重要进展的利好下，A股三大指数集体上涨，创业板指涨超2%。 （图片来源：东方财富App，统计截至2025/5/12，不作投资推荐） 两市成交额超1.3万亿，盘面上，军工、科技板块涨幅居前。 机构分析认为 ，坚定中国资产的重估逻辑，预计A股有望在震荡中实现中枢的逐步抬升。 重磅利好！本周还有这些大事！ 今天，中美谈判重大进展的消息振奋人心！ 当地时间10日上午，中美经贸高层会谈在瑞士日内瓦开始举行。据中方牵头人、国务院副总理何立峰11日晚表示，此次中美经贸高层会谈坦诚、深入、具有 建设性，达成重要共识，并取得实质性进展。 点燃了A股市场乐观情绪，今天，三大指数集体收涨。 盘后，谈判再度迎来进展，中美发布联合声明，中美同意暂时降低部分关税90天！ （图 ...

Group 1 - The Shanghai Composite Index is currently around 3350 points, and there is a sentiment of continued decline in the market [1] - The market is expected to rebound, with potential for the index to break through 3700 points as key sectors like securities, liquor, insurance, and oil are anticipated to catch up [3][5] - The banking sector has already shown signs of a rebound, indicating that other growth sectors will follow suit, leading to an upward trend in the index [5] Group 2 - The current market structure suggests that the banking sector's rise is primarily for market support, while growth sectors will accelerate their gains [5] - There is a belief that the market will not allow the majority to profit, as it operates on a principle of competition where losses for some equate to gains for others [5][7] - The upcoming week is viewed positively for the index, although short-term opportunities may remain limited for individual stocks [7]

Group 1: Macro Insights - The Federal Reserve maintained interest rates and emphasized increasing uncertainty, with market expectations for rate cuts in June and July at 20% and 80% respectively, and a total of three cuts expected for the year [4] - The current economic environment presents a dual challenge of stagnation versus inflation, with short-term liquidity crises and long-term recession concerns [4] Group 2: TMT Sector Analysis - The TMT sector shows high levels of crowding, suggesting a cautious approach as the market may continue to favor lower-performing sectors [5] - The industry rotation model indicates that cyclical sectors like non-ferrous metals, steel, food and beverage, and building materials are in a strong trend with low crowding, while TMT remains crowded [5] Group 3: Coal Industry Overview - As of Q1 2025, the coal industry is experiencing a significant downturn, with coal prices returning to levels seen in early 2021, and the average price of Q5500 coal at 657 RMB/ton, down 111 RMB/ton since the beginning of the year [14][15] - The total profit of large coal enterprises in Q1 2025 was 803.8 billion RMB, a year-on-year decrease of 47.7%, with over half of coal companies reporting losses [17] - Major coal companies like China Shenhua and Shaanxi Coal have substantial cash reserves, indicating strong dividend-paying capabilities despite the industry's challenges [7][9] Group 4: Media Sector Performance - The media sector showed a significant recovery in Q1 2025, with notable performances in gaming and cinema, and a positive outlook for the year [22] - The film industry, particularly, is expected to benefit from a strong lineup of releases, although some major films underperformed [26] Group 5: Home Appliance and Electric Vehicle Industry - The electric two-wheeler market is expected to see growth driven by brand and channel advantages, with a projected increase in demand primarily from replacement sales [22][23] - The home appliance sector is focusing on expanding smart product offerings and enhancing international market presence, with significant revenue growth reported in smart home products [28] Group 6: Medical and Biopharmaceutical Sector - Companies like Xinhua Medical and Anjisi are showing steady growth, with Xinhua Medical reporting a slight increase in revenue and profit, while Anjisi's revenue grew by 25.14% in 2024 [36][38] - The biopharmaceutical sector is focusing on diversifying revenue streams and expanding into international markets, with significant growth expected in the coming years [35][40] Group 7: Investment Recommendations - Key recommendations include investing in leading coal enterprises like China Shenhua and Zhongmei Energy, as well as companies showing potential for recovery like Qinfa [19][20] - In the media sector, companies with strong content pipelines and market positions are recommended for investment [26]

Market Overview - The market showed an increase in cautious sentiment before the long holiday, with broad market indices experiencing a decline, while small-cap stocks stabilized and recovered [4][2]. - The week before the May Day holiday saw a balanced performance between large-cap and small-cap styles, as well as between value and growth styles, with a continued decrease in style volatility [6][2]. Market Structure - The excess return dispersion of industry indices slightly decreased, and the proportion of rising constituent stocks also saw a decline, indicating a slowdown in industry rotation [6][2]. - The trading concentration decreased, with the proportion of trading volume from the top 100 stocks rebounding from a low level, while the top five industries' trading volume proportion continued to decline [6][2]. Market Activity - Market volatility continued to decrease due to the upcoming holiday, and turnover rates also saw a reduction [7][2]. Commodity Market - There was a divergence in trend strength among commodity sectors, with energy and black metals maintaining strong trends, while non-ferrous and agricultural products showed weaker trends, and precious metals experienced a significant decline in trend strength [18][17]. - The non-ferrous sector had the highest basis momentum, while the black sector saw a rapid decline [18][17]. - Volatility across all sectors remained high, and liquidity was stable across the board [18][17]. Options Market - Implied volatility levels for the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 and CSI 1000 indices increased, indicating some speculative sentiment in the market before the holiday [23][3]. - The skew of call options for the CSI 1000 improved, while the skew for the Shanghai Stock Exchange 50 saw a notable decline, suggesting a market expectation of small-cap stocks performing better post-holiday [23][3]. Convertible Bond Market - The valuation level of the convertible bond market slightly increased, remaining above the historical median for the past year, with a small rebound in the number of convertible bonds with low conversion premiums [27][3]. - Overall trading volume in the convertible bond market continued to recover [27][3].

Quantitative Models and Construction 1. Model Name: Diffusion Index Model - **Model Construction Idea**: The model is based on the principle of price momentum, aiming to capture upward trends in industry performance[28][38] - **Model Construction Process**: The model calculates the diffusion index for each industry, ranking them based on their relative performance. Industries with higher diffusion indices are recommended for allocation. The model tracks weekly and monthly changes in the diffusion index to adjust allocations dynamically[5][14][29] - **Model Evaluation**: The model has shown strong performance in capturing momentum trends during upward markets but may underperform during market reversals[28][38] 2. Model Name: GRU Factor Model - **Model Construction Idea**: This model leverages GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) deep learning networks to process high-frequency volume and price data, aiming to identify industry rotation opportunities[39] - **Model Construction Process**: The GRU network is trained on historical minute-level data to predict industry factor rankings. The model dynamically adjusts allocations based on the predicted rankings, focusing on industries with higher GRU factor scores[6][34][39] - **Model Evaluation**: The model performs well in short-term scenarios due to its adaptability but may face challenges in long-term or extreme market conditions[39] --- Backtesting Results of Models 1. Diffusion Index Model - **2025 YTD Excess Return**: -2.75%[27][32] - **April 2025 Excess Return**: -0.68%[32] - **Weekly Portfolio Return**: -0.18%[32] 2. GRU Factor Model - **2025 YTD Excess Return**: -3.54%[34][37] - **April 2025 Excess Return**: 0.68%[37] - **Weekly Portfolio Return**: -0.78%[37] --- Quantitative Factors and Construction 1. Factor Name: Diffusion Index - **Factor Construction Idea**: Measures the breadth of industry performance to identify upward trends[5][14] - **Factor Construction Process**: The diffusion index is calculated as the proportion of stocks in an industry with positive momentum. Weekly and monthly changes in the index are tracked to adjust rankings dynamically[5][14][29] - **Factor Evaluation**: Effective in capturing momentum trends but sensitive to market reversals[28][38] 2. Factor Name: GRU Industry Factor - **Factor Construction Idea**: Utilizes GRU deep learning to analyze high-frequency trading data and predict industry rankings[39] - **Factor Construction Process**: The GRU network processes minute-level volume and price data to generate factor scores for industries. Industries with higher scores are prioritized for allocation[6][34][39] - **Factor Evaluation**: Strong adaptability in short-term scenarios but limited in long-term or extreme market conditions[39] --- Backtesting Results of Factors 1. Diffusion Index Factor - **Top 6 Industries (as of April 30, 2025)**: Banking (0.988), Non-Banking Financials (0.94), Comprehensive Financials (0.928), Computers (0.884), Retail (0.88), Automobiles (0.872)[5][14][29] - **Weekly Change Leaders**: Steel (0.17), Comprehensive (0.095), Automobiles (0.065)[5][31] 2. GRU Industry Factor - **Top 6 Industries (as of April 30, 2025)**: Real Estate (4.62), Textiles & Apparel (4.14), Comprehensive Financials (2.89), Transportation (1.71), Light Manufacturing (1.7), Construction (1.41)[6][35] - **Weekly Change Leaders**: Pharmaceuticals, Real Estate, Comprehensive Financials[6][35]

证券研究报告：金融工程报告 发布时间：2025-04-28 研究所 分析师:肖承志 SAC 登记编号:S1340524090001 Email:xiaochengzhi@cnpsec.com 研究助理:李子凯 SAC 登记编号:S1340124100014 Email:lizikai@cnpsec.com 近期研究报告 《OpenAI 发布 GPT-4.1，智谱发布 GLM- 4-32B-0414 系 列 — — AI 动态汇总 20250421》 - 2025.04.23 《国家队交易特征显著，短期指数仍交 易补缺预期，TMT 类题材仍需等待—— 行业轮动周报 20250427》- 2025.04.21 《小市值强势，动量风格占优——中邮 因子周报 20250420》 – 2025.04.21 《基本面与量价共振，如遇回调即是买 点——微盘股指数周报 20250420》 – 2025.04.21 《Meta LIama 4 开源，OpenAI 启动先 锋计划——AI 动态汇总 20250414》 - 2025.04.15 《融资盘被动爆仓导致大幅净流出， GRU 模型仍未配置成长——行业轮动周 报 2025 ...

Group 1 - The article emphasizes that the economic data validates the previously low expectations, indicating limited room for further downward adjustments [3] - The article discusses the potential for a strategic opportunity shift, with expectations for a comprehensive bull market by 2026 [7] - The article highlights the impact of U.S. tariffs on China, suggesting that the threat may dampen risk appetite, particularly with a sensitive window in Q2 2025 [8] Group 2 - The pharmaceutical sector has experienced four consecutive years of negative returns, but there is a significant probability of a sector rotation reversal in 2025 [9] - The article notes that while short-term sentiment indicators are high, overall market liquidity has not reached previous peaks, suggesting a cautious long-term outlook amidst rising technology industry trends [11] - The article outlines a cautious investment strategy for U.S. stocks, recommending hedging and timely profit-taking during potential rebounds, particularly in the tech sector [14]

金工研究 杠铃两端表现不稳定性加剧， 消费板块资金情绪升温 —— 量化市场追踪周报（2025W11） 请阅读最后一页免责声明及信息披露 http://www.cindasc.com 1 [Table_ReportTime] 2025 年 3 月 16 日 证券研究报告 [Table_ReportType] 金工定期报告 [Table_Author] 于明明 金融工程与金融产品 首席分析师 执业编号：S1500521070001 联系电话：+86 18616021459 邮 箱：yumingming@cindasc.com 吴彦锦 金融工程与金融产品 分析师 执业编号：S1500523090002 联系电话：+86 18616819227 邮 箱：wuyanjin@cindasc.com 周君睿 金融工程与金融产品 分析师 执业编号：S1500523110005 联系电话：+86 19821223545 邮 箱：zhoujunrui@cindasc.com [Table_Title] 量化市场追踪周报(2025W11)：杠铃两端表现不稳 定性加剧，消费板块资金情绪升温 [Table_ReportDate] 20 ...

Core Insights - The report highlights that the power equipment, real estate, and banking sectors present a favorable risk-return profile [1] - The report emphasizes the importance of monitoring industry rotation through volume indicators and crowding risk assessments [4][5] Industry Rotation Perspective 1: Volume Indicators - The core logic suggests that an increase in trading volume indicates a divergence in market opinions, potentially signaling a trend reversal [9] - In December 2022 and January 2023, most industries showed negative turnover rate slopes, while February 2023 saw a positive trend, particularly in the computer and power equipment sectors [10] - Industries with buy signals based on volume include power equipment, real estate, beauty care, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and banking [10][11] Industry Rotation Perspective 2: Crowding Risk Indicators - The crowding indicator reflects the degree of trading activity overheating, serving as a warning for potential risks [13] - Industries at risk due to high transaction concentration include machinery, computers, and home appliances [13][14] Volume Buy Signal Industry Details and ETFs Power Equipment - The power equipment sector shows strong market attractiveness with a notable volume performance [19] - The crowding level is acceptable, with some companies driving volume without affecting the entire sector [19] - Relevant ETFs include those tracking solar power leaders and new energy indices [20] Real Estate - The real estate sector ranks in the middle for volume performance, with a relatively low crowding level indicating a good risk-return profile [24] - Relevant ETFs track indices such as mainland real estate and the full index of real estate [26] Beauty Care - The beauty care sector ranks in the middle for volume, with a high internal sentiment concentration indicating a favorable risk-return profile [29] Agriculture - The agriculture sector ranks high in volume performance, with a good risk-return profile due to low crowding levels [32] - Relevant ETFs track indices related to modern agriculture and livestock [33] Pharmaceuticals - The pharmaceutical sector ranks high in volume performance, with a good risk-return profile as well [36] - Relevant ETFs include those tracking various pharmaceutical indices [38] Banking - The banking sector ranks low in volume performance but shows a good risk-return profile with low crowding levels [43] - Relevant ETFs track indices such as the China Securities Banking Index [45]