债 券 研 究 2025 年 10 月 10 日 如何寻找债券市场的合理定价 ——近期市场反馈及思考 6 近期与投资者交流，投资者更为关心的是"如何寻找债券市场的合理定价"，本文就以上话题 汇总投资者最为关心的 10 个话题（涵盖利率、信用及转债等方面）。 相关研究 证券分析师 黄伟平 A0230524110002 huangwp@swsresearch.com 栾强 A0230524110003 luanqiang@swsresearch.com 杨雪芳 A0230524120003 yangxf@swsresearch.com 张晋源 A0230525040001 zhangjy@swsresearch.com 王明路 A0230525060003 wangml@swsresearch.com 徐亚 A0230524060002 xuya@swsresearch.com 研究支持 杨琳琳 A0230124120001 yangll@swsresearch.com 王哲一 A0230123100001 wangzy@swsresearch.com 曹璇 A0230125070001 caoxuan@swsr ...

【要闻速递】 今日周五（10月10日）亚盘时段，在周三的交易中，金价一举刷新历史纪录，触及全新高点。受此影 响，短线期货交易者纷纷选择获利了结。与此同时，美国政府陷入停摆困境，加之诸多不确定的地缘政 治风险交织，使得市场对贵金属的避险情绪持续高涨，这无疑将在短期内为贵金属价格构筑有力支撑。 具体来看，12月交割的黄金期货合约价格于盘中下挫70.8美元，最终报收于3999.7美元，较现货金价格 高出十余美元。 打开APP，查看更多高清行情>> 地缘方面，以色列与哈马斯接近停火。双方在埃及斡旋下达成协议，以释放巴人质换以军分阶段撤离加 沙至缓冲区，并增加援助物资，为结束两年战争迈出关键一步。 【最新黄金期货行情解析】 从技术面来看，12月黄金期货多头在短期内拥有显著的整体技术优势。多头的下一个上行价格目标是推 动期货收盘价突破4100.00美元的关键阻力位。空头的下一个短期下行价格目标是将期货价格压至 3850.00美元的关键技术支撑位下方。第一阻力位见于4081.00美元的历史高点，其次为4100.00美元；第 一支撑位见于4019.20美元的隔夜低点，其次为4000.00美元。 美联储FOMC会议纪要披露，今 ...

投资咨询业务资格：证监许可【2011】1778 号 资讯早班车 资讯早班车-2025-10-10 一、 宏观数据速览 | 发布日期 | 指标日期 | 指标名称 | 单位 | 当期值 | 上期值 | 去年同期值 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 20250715 | 2025/06 | GDP:不变价:当季同比 | % | 5.20 | 5.40 | 4.70 | | 20250930 | 2025/09 | 制造业 PMI | % | 49.80 | 49.40 | 49.80 | | 20250930 | 2025/09 | 非制造业 PMI:商务活 动 | % | 50.00 | 50.30 | 50.00 | | 20250915 | 2025/08 | 社会融资规模增量:当 | 亿元 | | 25668.00 11307.00 | 30323.00 | | | | 月值 | | | | | | 20250912 | 2025/08 | M0(流通中的现金):同 比 | % | 11.70 | 11.80 | 12.20 | | 202509 ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core View of the Report - Overseas macro: The US government is in a shutdown, and Japan is likely to have its first female prime minister. A shutdown over 15 days may affect the release of important economic data. If Koike Sanae is elected, it may impact Sino - Japanese relations and market risk preference [7]. - Domestic macro: The domestic economy continues to stabilize. The manufacturing PMI is 49.8, up 0.4 percentage points month - on - month. The non - manufacturing PMI drops 0.3 points to 50.0. During the holiday, consumption and travel were active [7]. - Asset view: In October, domestic assets benefit from policy expectations and ample liquidity. Overseas, the focus is on the Fed's October rate cut and the BoJ's inaction. The weak - dollar trend continues but with a slower slope. In the fourth quarter, maintain the asset allocation order of equities > commodities > bonds [7]. 3. Summary by Related Catalogs 3.1 Financial Market - **Stock Index Futures**: All major stock index futures showed gains. The CSI 300 futures had a daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and year - to - date increase of 1.54%, 1.54%, 1.54%, 1.54%, and 19.59% respectively. The Shanghai 50 futures, CSI 500 futures, and CSI 1000 futures also had positive performances [3]. - **Treasury Bond Futures**: Most treasury bond futures had small increases, except for the 2 - year treasury bond futures with a year - to - date decline of 0.56% [3]. - **Foreign Exchange**: The US dollar index was flat on the day, with different trends in other currency pairs. For example, the euro - US dollar exchange rate remained unchanged on the day, while the US dollar - Japanese yen exchange rate had a weekly increase of 3.52% [3]. - **Interest Rates**: Some interest rates had minor changes, such as the 10 - year Chinese treasury bond yield decreasing by 2.7 bp [3]. 3.2 Hot Industries - Industries like construction, steel, and non - ferrous metals had positive daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and year - to - date performances. For example, the non - ferrous metals index had a year - to - date increase of 33.42% [3]. - Some industries such as food and beverage, automotive, and defense and military had mixed performances, with some showing daily declines but positive long - term trends [3]. 3.3 Overseas Commodities - **Energy**: Crude oil futures (NYMEX WTI and ICE Brent) had small daily increases but year - to - date declines. Natural gas prices were mostly down, with NYMEX natural gas having a daily decline of 5.14% [3]. - **Precious Metals**: Gold and silver had significant year - to - date increases, with COMEX gold up 53.85% year - to - date [3]. - **Non - ferrous Metals**: Most non - ferrous metals showed positive long - term trends, but some had daily fluctuations [3]. - **Agricultural Products**: Agricultural products had diverse performances. For example, CBOT soybeans had a year - to - date increase of 1.96%, while ICE 2 - cotton had a year - to - date decline of 5.03% [3]. 3.4 Other Commodities - **Shipping**: The container shipping route to Europe had a significant daily decline of 50.38% [4]. - **Precious Metals**: Gold and silver continued to show positive trends, with silver having a year - to - date increase of 49.52% [4]. - **Non - ferrous Metals and New Materials**: Copper, tin, and other metals had positive price movements, while some like alumina had a weak fundamental situation [4]. - **Black Building Materials**: Most black building materials showed a mixed performance, with some like iron ore having a positive year - to - date performance and others like silicon iron having a decline [4]. - **Energy and Chemicals**: Crude oil had a year - to - date decline of 15.88%. Most chemical products showed a trend of price fluctuations and were in a state of supply - demand adjustment [4]. - **Agricultural Products**: Some agricultural products like soybeans and peanuts had different price trends, with peanuts having a year - to - date decline of 2.83% [4]. 3.5 Market Outlook by Sector - **Financial**: Stock markets had a shrinking - volume rebound, and bond markets remained weak. Stock index futures were expected to rise in a volatile manner, while bond futures were expected to be volatile [8]. - **Precious Metals**: Driven by dovish expectations, the prices of gold and silver were expected to rise in a volatile manner [8]. - **Shipping**: Attention was paid to the rate of freight price decline, and the container shipping route to Europe was expected to be volatile [8]. - **Black Building Materials**: A negative feedback was difficult to form, and the sector was expected to remain volatile before the holiday [8]. - **Non - ferrous Metals and New Materials**: Supply disruptions continued to ferment, and most metals were expected to be volatile, with some like copper expected to rise in a volatile manner [8]. - **Energy and Chemicals**: The crude oil market continued to be volatile, and the chemical market was mainly for hedging and arbitrage, with most products expected to be volatile [10]. - **Agriculture**: Affected by Argentina's tariff policy, oilseeds and meal were hit. Most agricultural products were expected to be volatile [10].

点击注册小程序 查看完整报告 特别申明： 产业债方面，2025年9月，我国产业债成交量为12677.1亿元，环比和同比均有所减少。2025年9月产业债 换手率为8.35%。2025年9月，我国各等级产业主体的信用债信用利差较上月均有所走阔。 风险提示： 数据统计口径不同；部分行业基本面恢复速度较慢，流动性恶化的前提下，债券违约风险可能 超出预期；若相关政策收紧，需要警惕再融资滚续压力，资质较差的主体风险暴露速度将加快。 发布日期：2025-10-09 本订阅号中所涉及的证券研究信息由光大证券研究所编写，仅面向光大证券专业投资者客户，用作新媒体形势下研究 信息和研究观点的沟通交流。非光大证券专业投资者客户，请勿订阅、接收或使用本订阅号中的任何信息。本订阅号 难以设置访问权限，若给您造成不便，敬请谅解。光大证券研究所不会因关注、收到或阅读本订阅号推送内容而视相 关人员为光大证券的客户。 1、信用债发行与到期 城投债方面，截至2025年9月末，我国存量城投债余额为15.31万亿元。2025年9月的城投债发行量达 5039.05亿元，环比增长0.84%，同比增长9.78%；2025年9月的城投主体净融资额为-105. ...

其中，国债发行13277.6亿元，地方政府债券发行9776.4亿元，金融债券发行11550.3亿元，公司信用类 债券发行12391.4亿元，信贷资产支持证券发行212.2亿元，同业存单发行26956.5亿元。 本报北京10月9日电（记者徐佩玉）中国人民银行9月30日发布数据显示，8月份，债券市场共发行各类 债券74281.4亿元。 债券市场对外开放方面，截至8月末，境外机构在中国债券市场的托管余额3.9万亿元，占中国债券市场 托管余额的比重为2%。其中，境外机构在银行间债券市场的债券托管余额3.8万亿元。 ...

货币政策更注重"精准滴灌"，通过结构性工具加码重点领域，降息预期降温，加之投资者风险偏好依旧较高，债市情绪受到抑制，预计后续 将震荡偏空运行。 合理充裕态势较为确定 节前央行通过及时重启14天期逆回购、超量续作MLF等方式，呵护资金平稳跨季。9月30日的报价显示，DR001利率下行至1.39%，DR007利 率下行至1.44%，资金利率持续维持在低位。 节后来看，首周将有17633亿元7天逆回购到期，9000亿元14天逆回购到期，到期规模合计超2.6万亿元。但9月30日央行公告称，10月9日将以 固定数量、利率招标、多重价位中标方式开展11000亿元买断式逆回购操作，期限为3个月。10月将有8000亿元3个月期逆回购到期，这意味着 10月3个月期逆回购加量续作3000亿元。逆回购及时续作有利于缓解本周逆回购到期压力，资金面合理充裕预期较为稳定。 政策： 图为30年期国债期货主力合约日线 经历了8月的持续调整，国债收益率曲线陡峭化、10年期国债收益率与7天期逆回购政策利率利差扩大至40个基点以上、交易盘持续卖出现象 缓解，债市调整基本到位。不过，市场风险偏好依旧较高，债市未见明显拐点信号，多空交织下，9月债市呈 ...

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the bond market outlook for October 2025, with a focus on credit bonds and interest rate bonds [2][7][12]. Core Insights and Arguments - **Travel Data and Real Estate Sales**: Strong travel data during the National Day holiday indicates robust activity, but real estate sales were slightly weaker than the previous year, leading to a neutral impact on the bond market [2][5]. - **U.S. Economic Indicators**: The U.S. government shutdown has resulted in the absence of key non-farm payroll data, while the ADP employment report showed a decrease of 32,000 jobs, raising expectations for a potential interest rate cut by the Federal Reserve in October [2][6]. - **Monetary Policy Outlook**: The central bank is expected to maintain a supportive monetary policy stance, utilizing various tools to ensure liquidity, while being cautious of risks associated with fund idling [2][7]. - **Interest Rate Trends**: The overall low interest rate environment is leading to a decline in the profitability of pure bond assets, making it difficult for long-term rates to decrease significantly in October [2][7]. - **Credit Bond Market Performance**: The credit bond market experienced volatility in September, with a steepening yield curve and fluctuating credit spreads. A defensive strategy focusing on short-duration bonds is recommended for October [2][8][12]. Important but Overlooked Content - **Impact of Regulatory Changes**: The introduction of new public fund sales regulations in early September caused significant market disruptions, leading to a sell-off of government bonds to maintain liquidity, which resulted in a passive narrowing of credit spreads [2][10]. - **Seasonal Factors**: Concerns over institutional redemptions at the end of September led to a significant rise in credit bond yields and widening credit spreads [2][11]. - **Investment Recommendations**: - For institutions with moderate stability, focus on 2-3 year credit varieties, particularly 3-year bank subordinated capital instruments, while being cautious of liquidity risks [3][14]. - For stable institutions, consider participating in 4-5 year bank subordinated capital instruments, but be aware of potential volatility [3][14]. - Avoid excessive participation in ultra-long-term non-financial bonds due to their lower liquidity and potential for significant price adjustments [3][14].

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the bond market outlook for the fourth quarter of 2025, focusing on government bonds and convertible bonds [1][2][3]. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Interest Rate Trends**: The interest rate trajectory is expected to exhibit an asymmetric U-shape due to various risk factors and year-end allocation demands. The 30-year government bond yield is around 2.1%, 10-year at 1.8%, and 5-year at 1.6%, indicating significant allocation value for institutional investors [1][6][10]. 2. **Convertible Bond Market**: The convertible bond market remains bullish, with high premium rates. Investors are advised to focus on stock characteristics and structural opportunities, particularly in technology sectors such as AI, domestic computing power, and AR glasses [1][5][21][25]. 3. **Regulatory Impact**: Regulatory changes are anticipated to lead to a contraction in certain products, such as short-term bond funds, while other products like money market funds may see growth. The coordination between the central bank and regulatory bodies is crucial for market stability [1][7][12]. 4. **Bank Capital Regulations**: New capital regulations for commercial banks are expected to have limited impact on certificates of deposit (CDs) and will likely manifest in the market 3-4 quarters before formal implementation [1][8][10][9]. 5. **Economic Indicators**: GDP growth is projected at 4.8%-4.9% for Q3 and 4.5%-4.6% for Q4, indicating a downward trend. The upcoming Fourth Plenary Session is expected to introduce incremental policies, but short-term pressures remain manageable [1][12][13]. 6. **Cross-Year Allocation**: Financial institutions are driven by early investment for early returns, with historical data showing significant interest rate declines in Q4 during various years due to policy and fundamental factors [1][11]. 7. **Credit Bond Market Outlook**: The credit bond market is expected to exhibit seasonal characteristics, with credit spreads likely to fluctuate around current levels without significant compression [1][15]. Additional Important Insights 1. **Investment Strategies**: A barbell strategy is recommended, focusing on short-term assets with stable yields and mid-term secondary capital bonds. The current market environment favors short-term assets with good downside protection [1][16][17]. 2. **Market Sentiment**: Institutional investors have increased asset allocations, particularly state-owned banks, while insurance companies remain stable. The sentiment is generally optimistic, awaiting a final dip to establish common expectations [1][18]. 3. **Convertible Bond Valuation**: Current valuations of convertible bonds show limited downside potential and significant upside potential, with a median elasticity of 70% and a remaining median term of approximately 2.5 years [1][21][24]. 4. **Specific Recommendations**: The call recommends specific stocks in the technology and renewable energy sectors, including companies involved in AI, domestic computing, and solar energy components, as they are expected to perform well in the upcoming quarter [1][25][27]. This summary encapsulates the key points discussed in the conference call, providing a comprehensive overview of the bond market outlook and investment strategies for the fourth quarter of 2025.

存量市场特征 超长信用债收益率中枢持续走高。本周（2025.9.29-2025.9.30，下同）债市情绪依旧偏弱，存量超长信用债利率中 枢进一步上行。与上周相比，2.6%-2.7%收益率的存量超长信用债只数增长至 248 只。 一级发行情况 国庆节前一周未有超长信用债发行。 二级成交表现 超长信用债指数跌幅大于其余主流债券品种。本周中短信用债、银行次级债等指数价格均有企稳迹象，但超长信用债 指数仍然领跌，10 年以上 AA+信用债指数环比下跌 0.24%。 超长信用债流动性承压。本周两个交易日内，7 年以上普信债成交笔数合计 62 笔，流动性弱化的趋势还在；长债定价 方面，最新一周超长信用债收益率与利差双升，10 年以上普信债成交收益上行幅度靠前，与 20-30 年国债价差走阔至 50bp 以上。 与二级市场表现对应，本周超长信用债交投情绪偏弱，10 年以上品种 TKN 占比读数处于低位，且高估值成交偏离幅度 远高于 10 年内长债。 投资者结构方面，基金抛售超长信用债行为还在继续，控久期风险和对品种流动性瑕疵的顾虑仍在影响交易盘配置行 为；保险、理财等机构承接力度有限，配置盘尚未形成有效支撑，短期难以逆转超 ...