可转债市场周观察 研究结论 风险提示 政策变化超预期；货币政策变化超预期；经济基本面变化超预期；信用风险暴露超预期 固定收益 | 动态跟踪 再融资政策影响有限，节后行情可期 | 节后关注存单能否继续"量价齐跌"：固 | 2026-02-10 | | --- | --- | | 定收益市场周观察 | | | 新券价格回调，节前略有降温：可转债市 | 2026-02-09 | | 场周观察 | | | 科创债 ETF 成分券价格支撑显现：信用债 | 2026-02-08 | | 市场周观察 | | 有关分析师的申明，见本报告最后部分。其他重要信息披露见分析师申明之后部分，或请与您的投资代表联系。并请阅读本证券研究报告最后一页的免责申明。 ⚫ 近期上交所宣布推出优化再融资一揽子举措，扶优限劣、扶科强主，新规对于可转 债市场的影响集中在两个方面，一是破发优质企业获得融资资格，二是未来新增转 债供给或将集中于如人工智能、半导体、高端制造等优质科创企业。新规后中科曙 光即发公告拟发行 80 亿元可转债。我们预计，稀缺优质标的及优质新券仍将受追 捧，基本面平庸个券逐步被边缘化，但当前可转债市场供需失衡的现状短期仍难快 速化 ...

Group 1: Economic Transition - The shift from real estate economy to technology economy involves significant changes in industrial structure, development models, and institutional reforms, impacting key macroeconomic variables such as production, inflation, employment, fiscal policy, and monetary policy[2]. - By 2025, the contribution of new quality productivity industries to total output has surpassed that of the real estate construction chain, indicating a need for macroeconomic research to focus more on new quality productivity[11]. - The traditional development model driven by urbanization and population growth is transitioning to one focused on stock optimization and quality improvement due to slowing urbanization[8]. Group 2: Industrial Structure and Macroeconomic Features - The industrial structure has shifted from a real estate and construction-centric model to one centered around new quality productivity, which includes emerging manufacturing and certain service sectors[12]. - New quality productivity industries are expected to have a greater impact on total output than the real estate construction chain by 2025, reflecting their higher efficiency and growth potential[20]. - The inflation impact from new quality productivity industries is weaker compared to upstream factors like commodities and real estate, indicating a limited ability to drive PPI increases[25]. Group 3: Employment and Development Models - The labor compensation in new quality productivity sectors is lower than in traditional industries, which may create pressure on income and employment, necessitating a focus on developing service consumption to mitigate these effects[31]. - The transition from a cost advantage to a quality advantage in the labor force is evident, as the number of highly educated graduates continues to rise, supporting productivity growth in manufacturing[41]. Group 4: Institutional Mechanisms and Macro Control - The macro control mechanisms need to adapt to support the technology economy, moving away from real estate dependency and enhancing the role of direct financing systems[54]. - The fiscal and tax systems must evolve to accommodate new business models and support emerging industries, with a focus on expanding local tax sources and creating a tax system that aligns with new economic realities[56].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" outlook for the lithium industry [5] Core Viewpoints - The lithium industry is expected to transition from a state of "realistic oversupply" to "future tightness," marking 2026 as a pivotal year for price recovery [19] - The financial attributes of lithium have strengthened, with market expectations likely to lead pricing ahead of fundamental improvements [20] - The absolute price heights may be difficult to replicate, but a gradual increase in the price floor is more certain [21] Summary by Sections 1. Overall Viewpoint Discussion - 2026 is anticipated to be a turning point for lithium prices, moving from a low base to a higher equilibrium due to limited supply elasticity and sustained demand growth [19] - The demand for lithium is projected to maintain a compound growth rate of over 20%, driven by the expansion of renewable energy installations and AI-related infrastructure [19] 2. 2025 Lithium Price Review - In Q1 2025, lithium prices experienced fluctuations due to supply constraints and strong demand expectations, with prices peaking at approximately 78,500 CNY/ton [22] - Q2 2025 saw a decline in prices due to a supply-demand imbalance, with prices dropping to around 60,400 CNY/ton by the end of June [29] - Q3 2025 marked a recovery in prices, driven by supply-side disruptions and seasonal demand increases, with prices reaching approximately 72,700 CNY/ton by September [36] 3. Demand Analysis - The demand for lithium batteries is expected to grow significantly, with energy storage becoming a core growth driver, potentially surpassing 30% of total lithium demand by 2026 [8] - The global electric vehicle market is projected to continue its growth trajectory, although at a slightly reduced pace [19] 4. Supply Analysis - Capital expenditures in the lithium sector have decreased significantly, leading to a structural delay in new project approvals and expansions [10] - The report anticipates limited new supply additions in the coming years, with a projected net increase of 448,000 tons of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE) in 2026 [18] 5. Supply-Demand Balance Analysis - The report suggests that the lithium market may not require a complete supply clearing to reverse the current trends, as both supply and demand are expected to increase [38] - Inventory levels are seen as a lagging indicator rather than a decisive factor in price movements [39] 6. Investment Recommendations - Companies with expansion projects in the next three years are highlighted as potential investment opportunities, including Dazhong Mining, Guocheng Mining, and Shengxin Lithium Energy [12] - Companies with diversified business models that can stabilize profits amid lithium price fluctuations are also recommended, such as Zhongmin Resources and Yahua Group [12]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" outlook for the defense and military industry [4] Core Insights - The focus is on increasing allocations in the large aircraft and military trade sectors, with expectations for growth in these areas due to geopolitical events and advancements in core technologies [8] - The large aircraft sector is expected to see accelerated development, particularly with the C919 aircraft, as key components are set to achieve certification and production targets [11][12] - Military trade is anticipated to benefit from heightened defense spending in the Middle East due to regional tensions, with expectations for increased market share for Chinese military exports [12] - The commercial aerospace sector is viewed positively for the first half of the year, despite recent adjustments and lower-than-expected launch activities [13] - Domestic demand in the military sector is expected to recover, with potential for exceeding current market pessimism as the "14th Five-Year Plan" progresses [14] Summary by Sections 1.1 Large Aircraft - The report highlights that the current market has low expectations for the large aircraft sector, particularly regarding the C919's delivery volumes. However, advancements in engine and onboard systems are expected to accelerate, potentially leading to a faster-than-expected development pace in the next two years [11][12] 1.2 Military Trade - The report notes that escalating tensions in the Middle East are likely to increase defense spending and military imports in the region. China's military trade share is expected to rise as countries diversify their defense procurement sources [12] 1.3 Commercial Aerospace - Despite recent adjustments in the commercial aerospace sector, the report maintains a positive outlook for investment opportunities in leading companies, particularly in satellite manufacturing and related technologies [13] 1.4 Domestic Military Demand - The report suggests that the market has been overly pessimistic regarding domestic demand recovery. It anticipates that as geopolitical uncertainties rise and the "14th Five-Year Plan" is implemented, demand in the military sector may recover faster than expected [14] 1.5 Investment Recommendations - The report recommends actively investing in core targets within the large aircraft and military trade sectors, while monitoring the commercial aerospace sector for potential catalysts. Specific companies are highlighted for investment consideration [16]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is maintained as "Positive" [8] Core Viewpoints - The energy metals market has seen a slight rebound in prices due to a recovery in other non-ferrous markets, although overall trading activity has slowed ahead of the holiday [4] - The lithium price is expected to shift from "short-term fluctuations" to "upward opportunities" before the second quarter [4] - The cobalt sector is supported by tight raw material costs, limiting overall downward space, and is expected to maintain a range-bound consolidation in the short term [4] Summary by Sections 1. Cycle Judgment: Pre-holiday Trading Slows, Cobalt and Lithium Supported by Others - Lithium and cobalt core targets have clear investment value, suggesting active positioning [12] - The lithium sector's fundamentals have eased, with a cooling spot market before the holiday, but there is potential for an upward trend in the second quarter [12] - The price of lithium concentrate is reported at $2,000 per ton, up $120 from the previous week [12] 2. Company and Industry Dynamics - North American battery factories are shifting towards AI-related energy storage systems due to declining electric vehicle sales [16] - Tianhua New Energy forecasts a net profit decline of 47.83% to 56.23% for 2025, primarily due to structural imbalances in supply and falling prices of lithium hydroxide [16] 3. Core Data on New Energy Materials: Production Changes and Price Movements - In January, domestic lithium carbonate production increased by 5% month-on-month, while hydroxide production decreased by 4% [17] - The weekly average price of battery-grade lithium carbonate fell by 6.04% [61] - The average price of battery-grade lithium hydroxide decreased by 6.28% [61]

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" (maintained) [5] Core Viewpoints - The report emphasizes a recovery in the food and beverage industry, focusing on upstream opportunities. It suggests that the consumption power, which has been constrained by debt cycles, is expected to improve significantly by the second half of 2026, leading to a recovery in traditional consumption [8] - The report identifies three main investment lines: 1. Agricultural processing, including sugar processing, juice processing, and livestock 2. Food raw material suppliers, focusing on bio-extraction and sugar substitutes 3. Food packaging, which is expected to benefit from cost increases and improved competitive dynamics [3][8] Summary by Relevant Sections Investment Suggestions and Targets - Focus on upstream sectors with three main lines: 1. Agricultural processing: - Sugar processing: Recommend COFCO Sugar (600737, Buy), related stock Crown Agricultural (600251, Not Rated) - Juice processing: Related stocks Andeli (605198, Not Rated), Andeli Juice (02218, Not Rated) - Livestock: Recommend Youran Dairy (09858, Buy), related stock Modern Farming (01117, Not Rated) 2. Food raw material suppliers: - Bio-extraction: Recommend Angel Yeast (600298, Buy), Bairun (002568, Buy), related stocks Chenguang Biotech (300138, Not Rated), Huabao International (00336, Not Rated), and Fujian Sunner Development (00546, Not Rated) - Sugar substitutes: Related stocks Bolinbao (002286, Not Rated), Sanyuan Bio (301206, Not Rated), and Bailong Chuangyuan (605016, Not Rated) 3. Food packaging: Related stock Aorui Jin (002701, Not Rated) [3]

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Positive" outlook for the banking sector in 2026, indicating a return to fundamental narratives supported by policy-driven financial tools [6][25]. Core Insights - The report highlights that in January 2026, social financing (社融) increased by 8.2% year-on-year, with a total increment of 7.22 trillion yuan, exceeding market expectations [9][10]. - The report emphasizes the resilience of asset expansion in the banking sector, supported by a concentrated repricing cycle of deposits, which is expected to stabilize net interest margins [25][26]. - It identifies two main investment themes: quality small and medium-sized banks with solid fundamentals and state-owned banks with defensive value [26]. Summary by Sections Social Financing and Loan Growth - In January 2026, social financing increased by 8.2% year-on-year, with a total increment of 7.22 trillion yuan, which is 1,654 billion yuan more than the previous year [9][10]. - The report notes that the increment in government bonds was significant, with an increase of 2,831 billion yuan, marking the highest level for January since 2020 [10]. - The report indicates that the growth rate of loans fell to 6.1% year-on-year, with new loans amounting to 4.71 trillion yuan, which is 4,200 billion yuan less than the previous year [13][14]. Deposit Growth and Monetary Aggregates - M1 and M2 growth rates showed a rebound, with M1 increasing by 4.9% year-on-year and M2 by 9.0% [21]. - The report states that new RMB deposits reached 8.09 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.77 trillion yuan year-on-year, driven by significant growth in corporate and non-bank deposits [21][24]. Investment Recommendations - The report suggests focusing on two investment lines: quality small and medium-sized banks such as Nanjing Bank, Ningbo Bank, and Chongqing Rural Commercial Bank, and state-owned banks like Bank of Communications and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, which are rated as stable [25][26].

Investment Rating - The report gives a "Buy" rating for the company for the first time [5]. Core Views - The company is a leading commercial entity in Xinjiang, focusing on the low-altitude economy and enhancing its retail capabilities through digital transformation and supply chain optimization [2][8]. - The company has a stable business structure with supermarkets and department stores as core segments, and it is responding to consumer demand by accelerating business transformation [8][9]. - The retail industry is entering a new development phase supported by government policies aimed at boosting domestic consumption [8][48]. Financial Forecast and Investment Recommendations - The company’s revenue is projected to be 2,494 million yuan in 2023, with a growth rate of 30.8%, followed by a slight decline in 2024 to 2,409 million yuan [4]. - The net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to reach 162 million yuan in 2023, with a significant growth of 203.1% [4]. - The report forecasts earnings per share (EPS) of 0.18 yuan in 2025, 0.31 yuan in 2026, and 0.39 yuan in 2027, with a target price set at 12.09 yuan based on a 39x PE ratio for 2026 [4][8]. Company Overview - The company has been operating for 25 years, establishing itself as a leader in the Xinjiang retail market with a total of 5 shopping centers, 6 department stores, and 11 independent supermarkets, covering an area of over 1.07 million square meters [12][16]. - The company’s revenue structure shows that supermarkets contribute over 50% of total revenue, while department store revenue has decreased significantly due to changes in accounting standards [27][25]. - The management team has extensive experience in the industry, with a stable shareholding structure that supports long-term strategic planning [20][23]. Market and Policy Environment - Recent government policies have focused on enhancing domestic demand, positioning the retail sector as a key area for economic recovery [48][49]. - The company is leveraging its regional advantages and adapting to market changes by implementing AI-driven management systems and exploring low-altitude economic opportunities [8][9].

Investment Rating - The report gives a "Buy" rating for the company for the first time [5]. Core Insights - The company is a leading commercial entity in Xinjiang, focusing on the low-altitude economy and retail sector [2][8]. - The company has a stable business structure with supermarkets and department stores as core components, and it is responding to consumer demand by accelerating business transformation and enhancing supply chain management [8][9]. - The report predicts a positive trend in profitability, with expected earnings per share (EPS) of 0.18, 0.31, and 0.39 yuan for 2025, 2026, and 2027 respectively, and a target price of 12.09 yuan based on a 39 times price-to-earnings (PE) ratio for 2026 [8][9]. Financial Forecast and Investment Recommendations - The company's financial information for 2023 to 2027 shows projected revenue growth, with 2023 revenue at 2,494 million yuan, expected to decline slightly in 2024 to 2,409 million yuan, and then gradually increase to 2,746 million yuan by 2027 [4]. - Operating profit is forecasted to rise significantly from 199 million yuan in 2023 to 243 million yuan in 2027, reflecting a strong recovery in profitability [4]. - The net profit attributable to the parent company is expected to follow a similar trend, increasing from 162 million yuan in 2023 to 183 million yuan in 2027 [4]. - The report highlights a significant recovery in net profit margin, projected to rise from 2.4% in 2024 to 6.7% in 2027, indicating improved operational efficiency [4][8]. Company Overview - The company has been operating for 25 years, establishing itself as a leader in the Xinjiang retail market with a diverse portfolio including shopping centers, department stores, and supermarkets [12][16]. - As of mid-2025, the company operates 5 shopping centers, 6 department stores, and 11 independent supermarkets, covering a total area of over 1.07 million square meters [16][12]. - The company has a stable shareholding structure, with the founder maintaining significant control, which contributes to consistent management and strategic direction [20][23]. Market and Policy Environment - The retail industry is entering a new development phase supported by government policies aimed at boosting domestic consumption, with the company positioned to benefit from these trends [48][49]. - The report notes that the retail sector is a key focus for stimulating domestic demand, with expectations for improved performance as supportive policies are implemented [48][49]. - The company is also leveraging advancements in AI and low-altitude economy initiatives to enhance operational efficiency and supply chain capabilities [8][9].

Employment Data Analysis - The unemployment rate in January decreased from 4.4% to 4.3%, primarily driven by supply factors[4] - Non-farm payrolls increased by 130,000, exceeding the market expectation of 50,000, with private sector growth at 172,000 and government sector reducing by 42,000[8] - The growth in employment is concentrated in the education and healthcare sectors, which contributed 137,000 jobs, accounting for 80% of private sector growth[8] Employment Quality and Risks - The credibility of the employment data is questioned due to structural concentration and discrepancies with ADP data, which reported only 22,000 private non-farm jobs added[8] - Leading indicators related to unemployment, such as the proportion of part-time employment due to economic reasons, show potential upward risks for the unemployment rate[8] - Job vacancies fell to 6.54 million in December, indicating a need for confirmation of employment demand stabilization[8] Wage Growth and Inflation Outlook - Wage growth is expected to slow down in the next 3-6 months, with consumer confidence declining and labor income not recovering[8] - The current economic indicators suggest that inflation is not a pressing concern in the short term[8] Market Implications - The market is likely to experience prolonged volatility, with expectations of delayed interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve affecting the dollar, U.S. Treasuries, and precious metals[8]