Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Overweight" [9][30]. Core Views - The report highlights strong demand for commercial vehicles and favorable conditions for large-scale energy storage in China, leading to a month-on-month increase in lithium battery production in August [1]. - The report anticipates limited price reduction space in the battery and materials segments due to sustained demand growth and improved capacity utilization rates, particularly in Q3 [1]. - The report recommends several companies, including CATL, Yiwei Lithium Energy, and Xinwangda, as well as companies in the 6F and positive electrode materials sectors [1][5]. Summary by Sections Lithium Battery Production - In August, lithium battery production reached 110.3 GWh, a month-on-month increase of 1.5%, with positive and negative electrode production increasing by 2.6% and 2.3%, respectively [1]. - The demand for electric commercial vehicles and large-scale energy storage is driving this growth, indicating a continued upward trend in the lithium battery industry [1]. New Energy Vehicles - In July 2025, domestic retail sales of new energy vehicles reached 1.01 million units, a year-on-year increase of 15%, with a cumulative sales increase of 29.1% for the first seven months [2]. - The penetration rate of new energy heavy trucks in China reached 14.69%, with sales increasing by 186% year-on-year [2]. Energy Storage - The report notes that the profitability model for large-scale energy storage in China is gradually improving, with a significant increase in bidding scale [4]. - In the first half of 2025, the bidding scale for energy storage reached 176.59 GWh, a year-on-year increase of 180.57% [4]. Recommendations - The report recommends the following companies for investment: - CATL (300750 CH) with a target price of 341.24 and a "Buy" rating [7]. - Yiwei Lithium Energy (300014 CH) with a target price of 49.20 and a "Buy" rating [11]. - Xinwangda (300207 CH) with a target price of 23.18 and a "Buy" rating [12]. - Tianci Materials (002709 CH) with a target price of 22.80 and a "Buy" rating [12]. - Fulian Precision (300432 CH) with a target price of 26.77 and a "Buy" rating [14].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information about the report industry investment rating is provided in the content. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Southbound Connect is an important exploration of China's financial market interconnection. Banks' proprietary trading is the most important investor under the current mechanism and is expected to expand. The annual quota for Southbound Connect is RMB 50 billion equivalent, and investors can choose either multi - level direct connection custody or domestic custody and clearing banks to hold their bond assets, with strict cross - border capital supervision. - As of the end of 2024, the total scale of the Hong Kong bond market exceeded USD 900 billion. It includes the offshore RMB bond market, the Hong Kong dollar bond market, and the Asian G3 currency bond market. G3 currency bonds, especially US dollar bonds issued by Chinese - funded institutions, are an important part of the Hong Kong market. - In the future, with the expansion of the scope of institutions, Southbound Connect will become an important starting point for domestic institutions' overseas bond investment. It is recommended to actively seize overseas opportunities and carefully manage exchange - rate risks [1]. 3. Summary According to Relevant Catalogs 3.1 China's Financial Market Opening and the Birth of Bond "Southbound Connect" - China's capital market opening process can be divided into three stages: "early opening attempts - expansion of cross - border investment channels - capital market interconnection". Bond "Southbound Connect" is an important exploration in the interconnection stage. - In 2016, the concept of Bond Connect was first proposed. In 2017, Northbound Connect was officially launched, and in 2021, Southbound Connect was launched. Since 2025, regulators have repeatedly mentioned Southbound Connect, clarifying that investors will be expanded to four types of non - bank institutions: securities firms, funds, insurance, and wealth management [4]. 3.2 Analysis of the Bond Southbound Connect System - Participants in Southbound Connect include market - makers and investors. Banks' proprietary trading is the most important investor under the current mechanism. The trading service variety is initially spot bond trading, and the investable bonds are all bond types issued overseas and traded in the Hong Kong bond market. - The annual quota for Southbound Connect is RMB 50 billion equivalent, and the daily quota is RMB 20 billion equivalent. Domestic investors participate in Southbound Connect transactions through the request - for - quote method. - Southbound Connect adopts the nominee holder system. Investors can choose to hold their bond assets through multi - level direct connection custody or domestic custody and clearing banks, with strict cross - border capital supervision. The expansion of Southbound Connect is beneficial for optimizing the investor structure [5]. 3.3 Introduction to the Hong Kong Bond Market - Classified by currency, the Hong Kong bond market includes the offshore RMB bond market, the Hong Kong dollar bond market, and the Asian G3 currency bond market. The Hong Kong dollar bond market has grown steadily in recent years; the offshore RMB bond market expanded significantly in 2024; the issuance scale of the G3 currency bond market rebounded in 2024, with Chinese - funded issuers being the main ones. - Classified by issuer, the Hong Kong bond market can be divided into (quasi -) sovereign bonds and corporate bonds. The former includes Hong Kong government bonds, bonds issued by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, bonds issued by mainland (quasi -) sovereign institutions, and bonds issued by overseas (quasi -) sovereign institutions. The latter includes bonds issued by recognized institutions, public institutions, and private institutions [6].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for several companies including Lenovo Group, SMIC, Xiaomi Group, Hua Hong Semiconductor, and Industrial Fulian [5]. Core Insights - The WAIC 2025 indicates that AI has entered a new phase of application, with a focus on commercial viability and integration into traditional sectors such as finance, law, programming, and healthcare [1][2]. - AI agents are becoming a "killer application" across various industries, enhancing efficiency and altering business logic and organizational structures [2]. - The demand for computing power is shifting towards post-training and inference needs, moving away from pre-training server architectures [3]. - The report highlights a competitive yet cooperative state emerging in the AI industry between China and the US, driven by advancements in AI applications and infrastructure [3]. Summary by Sections AI Application and Market Trends - The WAIC 2025 showcased a record attendance of over 305,000 people and online views exceeding 2.36 billion, marking a 21.6% increase from the previous year [1]. - Major companies are focusing on AI agents for practical applications in daily office tasks, finance, education, entertainment, and healthcare [2]. Computing Power and Infrastructure - Server manufacturers are emphasizing the need for AI-integrated systems that support post-training and inference, with companies like Huawei and Lenovo leading the charge [3]. - The report suggests that most companies are shifting their focus to the requirements of post-training and inference, utilizing foundational models combined with enterprise data [3]. Robotics and AI Devices - Robotics and AI glasses are gaining attention, but their market performance and technological maturity remain to be validated [3]. - Companies like Rokid and Xreal are actively promoting AI glasses, although improvements in weight, battery life, and functionality are still needed [3]. Investment Opportunities - The report identifies key investment opportunities in companies with strong competitive advantages in the AI application phase, including Xiaomi's IoT ecosystem, Lenovo's AI solutions, and SMIC's semiconductor manufacturing [5][49].

Report Industry Investment Rating No information regarding the report industry investment rating is provided in the given content. Core View of the Report - In June 2025, the fiscal data continued to show a warming trend. The revenue side had highlights such as personal income tax, and land sales revenue also marginally stabilized. The expenditure side continued to reflect the characteristics of fiscal efforts. Based on the current progress, the annual general budget revenue and expenditure targets are expected to be achieved, and there may be a small gap in government - managed funds, but policy - based financial tools and local debt limit space in the second half of the year may provide some flexibility. Overall, the fiscal situation is better than last year [11]. - The broad - based fiscal deficit of the two accounts combined in the first half of the year reached 5.3 trillion, significantly higher than the same period in 2023 and 2024, and comparable to 2022. It is expected to remain active in the second half of the year. Key areas to focus on in the future include major infrastructure projects and "urban renewal" policies [11]. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 1. General Budget Revenue - **Revenue Growth and Composition**: In June 2025, the national general budget revenue decreased by 0.3% year - on - year, with non - tax revenue being a significant drag. Tax revenue increased by 1.0% year - on - year, while non - tax revenue decreased by 3.7% year - on - year and has been on a continuous downward trend this year. The decline in non - tax revenue is expected to continue, and tax revenue may be the focus of the revenue side this year [1]. - **Revenue Target Progress**: In the first half of the year, the cumulative year - on - year growth of general budget revenue was - 0.3%, 0.4 percentage points short of the annual target (0.1%), and it completed about 53% of the annual budget, slightly faster than the same period last year and basically in line with the average of the past five years [2]. - **Central and Local Revenue**: In June, central fiscal revenue decreased by 1.8% year - on - year, while local fiscal revenue increased by 0.6% year - on - year [2]. 2. Tax Structure - **Main Tax Items**: - **Value - Added Tax and Personal Income Tax**: In June, the year - on - year growth rates of value - added tax and personal income tax were 6.8% and 5.0% respectively, showing a slight decline from the previous values. However, from the perspective of cumulative year - on - year growth and absolute scale in the first half of the year, they were at relatively high levels in recent years. The sustainability of the year - on - year increase in personal income tax remains to be observed [3]. - **Consumption Tax and Corporate Income Tax**: In June, corporate income tax increased by 2.7% year - on - year (previous value: 0.0%), and vehicle purchase tax increased by 6.0% year - on - year. The acceleration of consumption tax (2.0%) deviated from the year - on - year decline in social retail sales, which may reflect differences in the tax collection rhythm within the year [3]. - **Real Estate - Related Taxes**: In June, the year - on - year decline of transaction - related taxes (deed tax, land value - added tax) narrowed slightly, and the year - on - year growth rates of holding - related taxes such as property tax and arable land occupation tax were 20.7% and 9.6% respectively, which may be related to the rebound in the new construction and construction area of real estate, but the investment side is still at the bottom - grinding stage [4]. - **Stamp Duty and Securities Transaction Stamp Duty**: In June, stamp duty and securities transaction stamp duty increased by 30.7% and 67.1% year - on - year respectively, mainly due to the increase in stock market trading volume and activity [5]. 3. General Budget Expenditure - **Expenditure Growth**: In June, general public budget expenditure increased by 0.4% year - on - year, down from the previous value of 2.6%. The cumulative year - on - year growth in the first half of the year was 3.4%, falling below the annual target of 4.4% [6]. - **Expenditure by Category**: - **Livelihood - Related Expenditure**: In June, social security and employment and health expenditures increased by 8.2% and 5.6% year - on - year respectively, showing resilience, while education expenditure growth slowed to 2.4% (previous value: 3.5%) [6]. - **Infrastructure - Related Expenditure**: In June, expenditures on agriculture, forestry and water, transportation, and urban and rural communities decreased by 10.0%, 12.7%, and 8.1% year - on - year respectively. The year - on - year growth rate of narrow - based infrastructure investment in June was 2.0% (- 3.1 pct), showing a certain slowdown, which may be related to the infrastructure funding gap period [6]. - **Science and Technology and Debt Interest Expenditure**: In June, science and technology expenditure increased by 18.1% year - on - year, while debt interest expenditure decreased by 6.3% year - on - year. As of the end of June, the cumulative net issuance of national debt was 3.4 trillion, and the net issuance of local debt was 4.4 trillion, with a total net issuance of government bonds of 7.8 trillion, accounting for nearly 60% of the annual quota. The budget expenditure completion rate in the first half of the year was only about 48%, the same as last year, which may be restricted by the decline in non - tax revenue and the narrow - based infrastructure gap period [8]. 4. Government - Managed Fund Revenue - **Revenue Growth**: In June, national government - managed fund revenue increased by 20.8% year - on - year (previous value: - 8.2%), reaching a new monthly high since 2021. The cumulative year - on - year decline in the first half of the year narrowed to - 2.4%, approaching the annual budget target of 0.7%. The cumulative year - on - year decline in state - owned land use right transfer revenue narrowed to - 6.5% (previous value: - 11.9%) [9]. - **Revenue Progress**: In the first half of the year, government - managed fund revenue completed about 31% of the annual progress, slightly faster than the past two years. However, the real - estate recovery foundation is not solid, and the sustainability of the stabilization of land transfer revenue remains to be observed. Policy - side efforts such as urban renewal may become new directions [9]. 5. Government - Managed Fund Expenditure - **Expenditure Growth**: In June, national government - managed fund expenditure increased by 79.2% year - on - year, up 70 percentage points from the previous value. The cumulative year - on - year growth in the first half of the year was 30.0%, exceeding the annual budget target of 23.1%, and the annual budget completion rate was about 37%, significantly faster than the same period last year [10]. - **Reasons for Growth**: The significant increase in government - managed fund expenditure is due to the continuous marginal improvement of land transfer revenue and the accelerated issuance and use of special bonds. In addition, the 500 - billion - yuan central financial institution capital - injection special treasury bonds for supporting large - state - owned commercial banks were issued in four installments from late April to early June, and most of them may have formed expenditures in June, supporting the year - on - year growth of central - level government - managed fund expenditure to reach 600% [10].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the company [5][7]. Core Views - The company achieved steady growth in 1H25, with revenue of 1.368 billion RMB, a year-on-year increase of 11.88%, and a net profit attributable to the parent company of 305 million RMB, up 12.24% [1]. - The company is expected to benefit from the opportunities presented by the construction of a new power system in China and has significant potential for growth in overseas markets [1][4]. - The company has a robust order backlog, with new orders signed in 1H25 amounting to 1.627 billion RMB, a year-on-year increase of 8.31% [4]. Revenue Breakdown - In 1H25, the revenue from the perception layer was 483 million RMB, up 15% year-on-year; the communication layer revenue was 711 million RMB, up 1%; and the application layer revenue was 168 million RMB, showing a high growth of 76% [2]. - Domestic business revenue reached 1.078 billion RMB, a 9% increase year-on-year, while overseas business revenue was 283 million RMB, up 26% [2]. Profitability and Cost Control - The company's overall gross margin in 1H25 was 39%, maintaining a high level, with the communication layer gross margin increasing by 2 percentage points to 46% and the perception layer gross margin increasing by 1 percentage point to 34% [3]. - The company effectively controlled expenses, with sales, management, and R&D expense ratios at 3.85%, 2.00%, and 7.55%, respectively [3]. Future Outlook - The company launched 36 innovative products and solutions in the first half of 2025, generating revenue of 642 million RMB, which accounted for 47% of total revenue, indicating strong future growth potential [4]. - The target price for the company is set at 58.21 RMB, reflecting an adjustment based on valuation changes [5].

Investment Rating - The investment rating for the company is "Buy" [5][5]. Core Views - The company's profitability from coal power continues to improve, with a significant increase in net profit in the second quarter of 2025, driven by a decrease in coal prices [1][2]. - The company has accelerated its renewable energy construction, achieving 62.6% of its annual new installed capacity target in the first half of 2025 [3]. - The overall profit trend for 2025 is expected to remain positive, supported by rising electricity demand during peak summer periods [1][2]. Summary by Sections Financial Performance - In the first half of 2025, the company reported revenue of 1120.32 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 5.7%, while net profit attributable to shareholders was 92.62 billion yuan, an increase of 24.3% [1]. - In the second quarter of 2025, revenue was 516.97 billion yuan, down 3.3% year-on-year, with net profit of 42.89 billion yuan, up 50.1% year-on-year [1]. Coal Power Segment - The coal power segment saw a total profit per kilowatt-hour increase of 2.9 cents year-on-year, despite a slight decrease in electricity prices and a 7.1% drop in electricity generation [2]. - The profit per kilowatt-hour for coal power in the second quarter of 2025 was 4.4 cents, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 2.9 cents [2]. Renewable Energy Segment - The company completed 62.6% of its annual new installed capacity target in the first half of 2025, with a total of 6262.91 MW of new wind and solar capacity [3]. - The total profit from wind and solar energy in the second quarter of 2025 was 29.17 billion yuan, slightly exceeding expectations due to higher-than-expected solar capacity additions [3]. Profit Forecast and Valuation - The forecast for net profit attributable to shareholders for 2025 is maintained at 125 billion yuan, with a target price of 9.02 yuan per share for A-shares and 5.97 HKD for H-shares [4][5]. - The company is valued at a PE ratio of 20.0x and a PB ratio of 0.98x, reflecting a premium due to stronger profitability in renewable energy and robust performance in coal power auxiliary services [4].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a "Buy" rating for the company with a target price of RMB 20.10, up from the previous RMB 19.95 [4][6]. Core Insights - The company reported better-than-expected performance in its half-year results for 2025, with revenue of RMB 999 million (up 8.1% year-on-year) and net profit attributable to shareholders of RMB 117 million (up 14.2% year-on-year) [1]. - The company is expected to benefit from a favorable industry environment and a sufficient order backlog, leading to continuous growth in performance from 2025 to 2027 [1][2]. Summary by Sections Financial Performance - In the first half of 2025, the company achieved revenue of RMB 999 million, with a year-on-year growth of 8.1%. The net profit attributable to shareholders was RMB 117 million, reflecting a year-on-year increase of 14.2% [1]. - The second quarter of 2025 saw revenue of RMB 561 million, representing a year-on-year increase of 18.4% and a quarter-on-quarter increase of 30.8% [1]. Revenue Breakdown - The revenue from environmental testing services was RMB 487 million (up 5.8% year-on-year) with a gross margin of 55.0% (down 0.8 percentage points) [2]. - Integrated circuit testing revenue reached RMB 155 million (up 21.0% year-on-year) with a gross margin of 36.5% (down 6.4 percentage points) [2]. - Testing equipment revenue was RMB 310 million (up 6.3% year-on-year) with a gross margin of 26.6% (down 4.7 percentage points) [2]. Cash Flow and Capital Expenditure - The company's net operating cash flow for the first half of 2025 was RMB 99 million, an increase of 29.3% year-on-year, attributed to improved collection mechanisms [3]. - Capital expenditure was RMB 217 million, a decrease of 7.5% year-on-year, mainly due to reduced equipment purchases [3]. Profit Forecast - The report maintains profit forecasts for 2025-2027, estimating net profits attributable to shareholders of RMB 289 million, RMB 357 million, and RMB 429 million respectively [4]. - The expected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for net profit from 2023 to 2027 is projected at 23%, which is higher than the average of comparable service companies at 21% [4].

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the real estate development sector and an "Overweight" rating for real estate services [1][6]. Core Insights - The Hong Kong private residential market experienced a rise in both transaction volume and prices in June, with private residential prices increasing for three consecutive months [1][2]. - The report highlights that the market is expected to improve due to factors such as potential appreciation of the Renminbi, spillover effects from the Hong Kong stock market, and a rebound in population [1][2]. - The report suggests that the local developers and commercial operators in Hong Kong are likely to see valuation recovery, particularly companies with ample land reserves and quality commercial assets along the MTR lines [1][6]. Summary by Sections Market Performance - In June, the number of new private residential transactions reached 2,140, up 28% month-on-month, while second-hand transactions totaled 3,605, up 11% month-on-month [1]. - For the first half of the year, new private residential transactions totaled 9,280, down 1.4% year-on-year, while second-hand transactions increased by 8.3% year-on-year to 18,452 [1][2]. Price Trends - The Hong Kong private residential price index stood at 286.7 in June, reflecting a month-on-month increase of 0.03%, marking three consecutive months of price increases [2]. - Rental prices also showed an upward trend, with the rental index rising by 0.31% month-on-month in June, continuing a seven-month streak of increases [2]. Interest Rates and Market Conditions - The one-month HIBOR averaged 0.68% in June, down 78 basis points from May, indicating a significant easing of the high-interest rate pressure that previously suppressed market demand [3]. - The report notes that the "supply exceeds demand" phenomenon continues, creating favorable conditions for first-time homebuyers [3]. Recommendations - The report recommends focusing on MTR Corporation (66 HK) and Link REIT (823 HK), with target prices of HKD 31.90 and HKD 50.59 respectively, both rated as "Overweight" and "Buy" [6][18].

Core Insights - The report indicates that trading funds remain active, providing support for A-shares, with a notable increase in financing balance, reaching a high not seen since 2020, and a new peak in fund activity since 2025 [2][3] - There is a slight recovery in allocation funds, with public funds showing signs of increased positions since mid-July, and passive foreign capital experiencing significant net inflows [2][5] - The consensus among funds is shifting towards technology and healthcare sectors with lower crowding, particularly in areas like medical devices and semiconductors [2][6] Weekly Fund Overview - Retail investors saw a net inflow of 99.9 billion yuan, with significant interest in non-bank financials and basic chemicals, while outflows were noted in pharmaceuticals and automotive sectors [13][19] - Financing funds recorded a net inflow of 447 billion yuan, with active trading levels rising to 10.4%, particularly in sectors like metals and healthcare [19][34] - Public funds have shown a slight increase in equity positions, with 194 billion yuan in new equity fund issuance last week [34][45] Fund Flow Observations - The report highlights that passive foreign capital has been the main driver of net inflows, with a significant increase in passive foreign capital inflow reaching 95 billion yuan [5][61] - The net outflow from ETFs was 18 billion yuan, with broad-based ETFs experiencing a larger outflow of 112.9 billion yuan, although sector-specific inflows were noted in construction and basic materials [45][94] - The number of newly registered private equity funds reached a record high for the year, indicating potential future capital support [55] Market Positioning - The report emphasizes a consensus among various funds to invest in technology and healthcare sectors, particularly in less crowded areas such as medical devices and AI-related sectors [6][55] - The report also notes a marginal decline in long-term insurance capital's market entry ratio, indicating a cautious approach among insurance companies [57][58] - The average collateral ratio in the financing market has increased, suggesting a more secure borrowing environment [28][29]

Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. Core Views of the Report - In Q2 2025, the scale and quantity of bond index funds (including ETFs) both increased, with the total scale exceeding 1.5 trillion yuan. Bond ETFs were the main force in the growth of bond index funds, and the expansion of credit bond ETFs, especially benchmark market - making credit bond ETFs, was particularly significant. Meanwhile, the underlying asset categories and duration structures of bond index funds became more balanced and diversified, and the细分 strategies of index funds such as credit bonds and financial bonds also became more abundant [1]. - With the expansion of index bond fund varieties, increased policy support, and the deepening of the entry process of pension funds into the market, domestic bond index funds (including ETFs) are expected to achieve accelerated development through policy guidance and product innovation [6]. Summary According to the Table of Contents Bond Index Funds are Entering the Fast - Lane of Development - In Q2 2025, the scale and quantity of bond index funds (including ETFs) both increased. The total scale reached 1.55 trillion yuan, with a quarter - on - quarter increase of over 300 billion yuan, a quarter - on - quarter growth rate of 25%, contributing 36% of the total bond fund's quarter - on - quarter increase. Year - on - year, it increased by more than 560 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 57%, contributing 180% of the bond fund's year - on - year increase. The number of bond index funds (excluding 10 Sci - tech innovation bond ETFs) reached 343, an increase of 13 from the previous quarter [11]. - Bond ETFs were the main force in the growth of bond index funds. By the end of Q2 2025, the total scale of bond ETFs reached 38.44 billion yuan, with a quarter - on - quarter growth of 76% and a year - on - year growth of 250%, contributing more than half of the bond index fund's increase. As of July 23, 2025, the total scale of bond ETFs exceeded 500 billion yuan. Among them, 10 Sci - tech innovation bond ETFs exceeded 10 billion yuan in just 5 trading days after their listing on July 17 [13]. - In terms of the structure, Southern Fund, GF Fund, and Fullgoal Fund ranked in the top three in terms of the total scale of pure - bond index fund products (excluding convertible bond products) under each institution. After including 2 convertible bond ETF products, Bosera Fund, Southern Fund, and GF Fund ranked in the top three, all with a scale of over 100 billion yuan. In terms of increments, the scale of Haifutong's pure - bond index products increased the most in Q2, mainly due to the rapid expansion of its short - term financing ETF products [16]. The Product Line of Bond Index Funds is Becoming More Abundant Underlying Asset Categories - For bond index funds (excluding ETFs), the main investment directions are policy - financial bonds and inter - bank certificates of deposit. However, since Q2, credit bond index funds have expanded significantly, with their scale exceeding that of inter - bank certificate of deposit - type products for the first time, ranking second. In addition, the proportions of financial bond and comprehensive bond index fund products have also increased slightly [5]. - For bond ETFs, the scale of benchmark market - making credit bond ETFs exceeded that of policy - financial bonds in Q2, becoming the largest sub - category. As of Q2 2025, the scale of benchmark market - making credit bond ETFs exceeded 220 billion yuan, accounting for over 30% [28]. Duration Structure - For bond index funds (excluding ETFs), the 1 - 3 - year and 3 - 5 - year maturity segments had a higher proportion, and the proportion of the scale of the over - 5 - year maturity segment increased significantly since Q2. By the end of Q2 2025, the proportions of the 1 - 3 - year and 3 - 5 - year maturity segments of index bond funds were 30% and 42% respectively, and the proportion of the over - 5 - year maturity segment increased by about 5 percentage points to 16% [32]. - For bond ETFs, previously, the 1 - 3 - year segment was the main one. Since Q2, the proportion of the 3 - 5 - year segment has increased significantly, mainly due to the expansion of benchmark market - making credit bond ETFs. The weighted average duration of benchmark market - making credit bond ETFs is between 3 - 4 years. The expansion of benchmark market - making credit ETFs has led to the proportion of 3 - 5 - year bond ETFs increasing from about 5% in Q1 to 40% [32]. Sub - Strategies - The sub - strategies and types of index funds such as credit bonds and financial bonds have become more diverse, covering multiple sub - themes such as investment - grade, green theme/ESG, and regional. Among the 13 newly - added bond index funds in Q2, 5 belong to credit bond index funds (including financial bonds) and cover multiple sub - themes [42]. Future Development Ideas for Bond Index Funds Future Development Space for Bond Index Funds - Referring to the experience of overseas mature markets such as the United States, the domestic bond index funds (including ETFs) are expected to achieve accelerated development through policy guidance and product innovation. The current scale of domestic bond index funds is at a relatively low level compared with that in the United States, and there is broad development space [47][48]. Development Ideas for Bond Index Funds - Layout comprehensive bond index funds. Currently, there is a gap in on - exchange comprehensive products in China, while in the United States, they were developed earliest and have the largest scale [6]. - Enrich the duration supply, such as increasing the supply of long - duration varieties such as local bonds over 10 years and credit bonds over 5 years [6]. - Refine the sub - strategies and types of credit products, such as focusing on ESG sub - fields, climate change themes, and Sci - tech innovation bonds to enrich the strategy levels [6]. - Link to overseas bond index funds, such as Southbound Connect bond index funds [6]. - Deepen the development of cross - market bond ETFs and active bond ETFs [6].