2025年09月16日 国泰君安期货商品研究晨报-黑色系列 观点与策略 | 铁矿石：预期反复，偏强震荡 | 2 | | --- | --- | | 螺纹钢：反内卷情绪再度来袭，偏强震荡 | 3 | | 热轧卷板：反内卷情绪再度来袭，偏强震荡 | 3 | | 硅铁：宏观情绪提振，偏强震荡 | 5 | | 锰硅：宏观情绪提振，偏强震荡 | 5 | | 焦炭：预期反复，宽幅震荡 | 7 | | 焦煤：预期反复，宽幅震荡 | 7 | | 原木：震荡反复 | 8 | 国 泰 君 安 期 货 研 究 请务必阅读正文之后的免责条款部分 1 期货研究 商 品 研 究 所 商 品 研 究 2025 年 9 月 16 日 铁矿石：预期反复，偏强震荡 张广硕 投资咨询从业资格号：Z0020198 zhangguangshuo@gtht.com 【基本面跟踪】 铁矿石基本面数据 | | | | 昨日收盘价(元/吨) | 涨跌(元/吨) | 涨跌幅 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 期货 | l 2601 | | 796. 0 | -3.5 | -0. 44% | | | | | | ...

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - Overall, the sentiment in the有色金属 market is mixed. Some metals may experience price fluctuations due to factors such as supply - demand imbalances, geopolitical issues, and market expectations. For example, copper prices may be in a consolidation phase, aluminum prices may turn to a volatile state, and zinc prices still face significant downward risks. Meanwhile, long - term factors like the US easing expectations and domestic anti - involution policies may support nickel prices [1][3][9]. - The prices of various metals are affected by different factors. For instance, copper prices are influenced by raw material supply, inventory levels, and market sentiment; aluminum prices are related to inventory changes and downstream consumption; lead prices are affected by raw material shortages and high inventory at the consumer end; and tin prices are restricted by slow production resumption and weak demand during the off - season [1][3][7][11]. 3. Summary by Metal Copper - **Price Movement**: LME copper closed up 0.38% at $9,721 per ton, and SHFE copper's main contract closed at 78,730 yuan per ton. The price may consolidate and await further guidance from the Fed Chair's speech on Friday [1]. - **Inventory**: LME inventory increased by 1,200 tons to 156,350 tons, and SHFE copper warehouse receipts slightly decreased to 25,000 tons. Domestic refined copper net imports in July were 218,000 tons, a decrease of 40,000 tons from June [1]. - **Outlook**: The market has expectations of interest rate cuts, and raw material supply is tight. Overall, copper prices may consolidate, with the SHFE copper main contract operating in the range of 78,000 - 79,200 yuan per ton and LME copper 3M in the range of $9,600 - $9,800 per ton [1]. Aluminum - **Price Movement**: LME aluminum closed up 0.37% at $2,577 per ton, and SHFE aluminum's main contract closed at 20,565 yuan per ton. The price may turn to a volatile state [3]. - **Inventory**: Domestic three - place aluminum ingot inventory decreased by 0.5 tons to 442,000 tons, and LME aluminum inventory remained unchanged at 480,000 tons [3]. - **Outlook**: The US - Russia talks were relatively smooth, but the US has expanded the scope of taxation on aluminum and steel derivatives. With low domestic inventory and strong aluminum product exports, aluminum prices are supported, but downstream consumption is weak. The SHFE aluminum main contract is expected to operate in the range of 20,480 - 20,680 yuan per ton, and LME aluminum 3M in the range of $2,540 - $2,600 per ton [3]. Cast Aluminum Alloy - **Price Movement**: The AD2511 contract slightly increased to 20,095 yuan per ton, and the price increase may face resistance [5]. - **Inventory**: Domestic three - place recycled aluminum alloy ingot inventory decreased by 200 tons to 31,400 tons [5]. - **Outlook**: The downstream is in the off - season, with weak supply and demand. Cost support is strong, but the large price difference between futures and spot may limit price increases [5]. Lead - **Price Movement**: SHFE lead index closed down 0.58% at 16,735 yuan per ton, and LME lead 3S fell to $1,971.5 per ton. The price is expected to be weak [7]. - **Inventory**: Domestic social inventory decreased slightly to 65,800 tons, and LME lead inventory was 283,000 tons [7]. - **Outlook**: The lead ore inventory is tight, and the processing fee is declining. The demand from battery manufacturers is weak, and the finished product inventory is high. Overall, the supply - demand situation is weak, and the price is expected to decline [7]. Zinc - **Price Movement**: SHFE zinc index closed up 0.26% at 22,265 yuan per ton, and LME zinc 3S remained unchanged at $2,776.5 per ton. The price still has significant downward risks [8][9]. - **Inventory**: Domestic social inventory continued to increase to 135,400 tons, and LME zinc inventory was 72,200 tons [8][9]. - **Outlook**: Zinc ore inventory is decreasing, but the TC of zinc concentrate is rising. Refined zinc imports are decreasing, and domestic social inventory is increasing rapidly. Downstream consumption is weak, and the market is in an oversupply state [9]. Tin - **Price Movement**: On August 20, 2025, SHFE tin's main contract closed at 267,840 yuan per ton, down 0.09%. The price is expected to fluctuate [11]. - **Inventory**: SHFE registered warehouse receipts decreased by 184 tons to 7,329 tons, and LME inventory increased by 85 tons to 1,715 tons. As of August 15, the national main market tin ingot social inventory was 10,392 tons [11]. - **Outlook**: The supply is tight in the short term due to slow production resumption in Myanmar and transportation issues. The demand is weak during the off - season. As production resumes in Myanmar, the price is expected to fluctuate in the range of 250,000 - 275,000 yuan per ton for domestic tin and $31,000 - $34,000 per ton for LME tin [11]. Nickel - **Price Movement**: Nickel prices fluctuated. The price may face correction pressure in the short term but has support in the long term [12][13]. - **Inventory**: No significant inventory data provided in the summary part. - **Outlook**: Downstream stainless steel demand improvement is limited, but long - term factors such as the US easing expectations and RKAB approval support the price. The SHFE nickel main contract is expected to operate in the range of 115,000 - 128,000 yuan per ton, and LME nickel 3M in the range of $14,500 - $16,500 per ton [13]. Lithium Carbonate - **Price Movement**: The MMLC spot index dropped 4.05% to 82,832 yuan, and the LC2511 contract closed down 7.49% at 80,980 yuan. The price may have further fluctuations [15]. - **Inventory**: No significant inventory data provided in the summary part. - **Outlook**: The sentiment of bullish funds supported by supply disruptions has cooled down. The short - term support level of lithium prices has shifted upward, and attention should be paid to imports and industry news. The reference operating range for the GFEX lithium carbonate 2511 contract is 77,000 - 82,000 yuan per ton [15]. Alumina - **Price Movement**: On August 20, 2025, the alumina index increased by 0.67% to 3,137 yuan per ton. The price may have limited downward space [17]. - **Inventory**: The futures warehouse receipts increased by 3,000 tons to 75,000 tons [17]. - **Outlook**: The supply of domestic and overseas ore is disturbed, and the price is expected to be supported. It is recommended to wait and see. The domestic main contract AO2601 is expected to operate in the range of 3,100 - 3,500 yuan per ton [17]. Stainless Steel - **Price Movement**: The stainless - steel main contract closed at 12,820 yuan per ton, down 0.50%. The price is expected to fluctuate [19][20]. - **Inventory**: Social inventory decreased to 1,078,900 tons, a decrease of 2.48%. The 300 - series inventory was 644,500 tons, a decrease of 1.99% [20]. - **Outlook**: The decline was affected by low - price selling by arbitrage institutions. The downstream is cautious in purchasing, and the steel mills have the intention to support the price. Overall, the price is expected to fluctuate [20].

Report Information - Report Title: Nickel and Stainless Steel Weekly Report - Repeated Expectations of Interest Rate Cuts and "Anti - involution" Sentiment, Difficult to Form a Trend [1] - Date: August 19, 2025 [2] - Author: Wu Jinheng from Hongyuan Futures Research Institute [2] Investment Ratings - Nickel: The investment strategy is to wait and see, with an expected operating range of 116,000 - 126,000 yuan/ton [3][88] - Stainless Steel: The investment strategy is to wait and see, with an expected operating range of 12,500 - 13,500 yuan/ton [4][113] Core Views - Nickel: With high pure nickel production, loose supply - demand, and repeated expectations of Fed interest rate cuts, the nickel price is expected to fluctuate within a range [3][88] - Stainless Steel: Although production has rebounded, demand is average, and inventory pressure remains. However, with strong cost support and the influence of "anti - involution" sentiment, the stainless - steel price is expected to fluctuate within a range [4][113] Summary by Directory 1.1 Nickel Market Review - Last week, SHFE nickel fluctuated downward with a weekly decline of 0.46%, trading volume reaching 488,300 lots (+23,600), and open interest at 96,900 lots (-12,700). LME nickel rose 0.26% weekly, with trading volume at 28,400 lots (+2,700). The basis premium was 1,190 yuan/ton [10][12] 1.2 Supply Side - Nickel Ore - Last week, the prices of 0.9%, 1.5%, and 1.8% nickel ores remained flat, and the shipping price from the Philippines to China was unchanged. In June, the Philippines' nickel - ore exports increased, and China's imports reached 4.35 million tons, up 10.7% month - on - month and down 7.2% year - on - year. Last week, the arrival volume of nickel ore decreased by 100,600 tons, and port inventory increased by 60,000 wet tons [18][23][25] 1.2 Supply Side - Nickel Pig Iron - The price of 8 - 12% high - nickel pig iron rose 7 yuan/nickel point, and that of 1.5 - 1.7% nickel pig iron rose 20 yuan/ton. The negative premium of nickel pig iron compared to electrolytic nickel and scrap stainless steel narrowed. In June, China's nickel - iron imports were 1.041 million tons, up 22.8% month - on - month and 50.0% year - on - year, and imports in July were expected to decline. The loss of nickel - iron plants narrowed, and the operating rate increased. In August, the operating rate and production of domestic nickel pig iron decreased, while those in Indonesia increased slightly. Nickel iron had a slight inventory reduction [30][34][43] 1.2 Supply Side - Electrolytic Nickel - In August, the operating rate and production schedule of refined nickel increased, the export profit of electrolytic nickel decreased, and in June, both imports and exports of electrolytic nickel declined [47][51][54] 1.3 Demand Side - Stainless Steel - In August, the production schedule of stainless steel and 300 - series stainless steel increased. In June, stainless - steel exports decreased by 10.6% month - on - month and 13.9% year - on - year, and imports decreased by 12.5% month - on - month and 16.6% year - on - year. Exports and imports were expected to decline in July [58][62][102] 1.3 Demand Side - New Energy - The price of pure nickel fell, the price of nickel sulfate rose, and the premium of nickel sulfate over pure nickel widened. The proportion of pure nickel used to produce nickel sulfate was extremely small. In August, the production schedules of ternary precursors and ternary materials increased, while that of nickel sulfate decreased. In July, the production of new - energy vehicles was 1.243 million units, down 2.0% month - on - month and up 26.3% year - on - year, and sales were 1.262 million units, down 5.1% month - on - month and up 27.4% year - on - year [67][71][79] 1.4 Inventory Side - Last week, SHFE nickel inventory increased, LME nickel inventory decreased, Shanghai Free - Trade - Zone pure - nickel inventory remained flat, and the six - region social total inventory increased by 1,319 tons [80][84] 1.5 Electrowinning Nickel Cost - The cost of producing electrowinning nickel from externally purchased nickel sulfate and MHP increased, while that from externally purchased nickel matte remained flat. The cost advantage of producing electrowinning nickel from integrated MHP over integrated nickel matte was obvious [87] 2.2 Cost and Profit - The prices of high - nickel pig iron and high - carbon ferrochrome rose, providing strong cost support. The losses of 200 - series and 400 - series stainless steel narrowed, while those of 300 - series stainless steel widened [94][98] 2.3 Fundamental Aspects - In August, the production schedule of stainless steel and 300 - series stainless steel increased. In June, stainless - steel exports and imports decreased, and they were expected to decline in July [102][105] 2.4 Inventory Side - The domestic social inventory of stainless steel decreased. The inventory of 200 - series and 300 - series stainless steel decreased, while that of 400 - series stainless steel increased [111]

Report Summary 1) Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2) Core Viewpoints of the Report - The prices of related futures products in the photovoltaic industry chain are currently strong, but the fundamentals are relatively weak. The inventory in the polysilicon industry is decreasing, and it may continue to operate in the short term. Consider taking long positions at low prices when the price corrects [7]. 3) Summary Based on Related Content Industrial Silicon Price Trends - On August 11, industrial silicon opened with a significant jump. As of 11:00, it was reported at 8,970 yuan/ton, with a morning high of 9,025 yuan/ton, a 3.61% increase from Friday's closing price of 8,710 yuan/ton [5]. - Due to the market's expectation of a significant reduction in the export tax - rebate rate for photovoltaic modules in September, the polysilicon production increased slightly last week. Under the current domestic anti - involution policy, the market sentiment is positive, driving up the prices of products in the industry chain. Although the anti - involution policy is currently piloted in polysilicon and not yet in industrial silicon, the strong implementation of the policy leads to good market expectations for the current price of industrial silicon. The industry inventory is decreasing, and the increase in energy prices raises the production cost of industrial silicon, supporting the price to run above 8,900 yuan/ton [6]. Polysilicon Price Trends - The recent export tax - rebate event for photovoltaic modules continuously supports the polysilicon price to run above 50,000 yuan/ton. Although the price is already high and the tax - rebate event has limited upward momentum for the price, the decreasing inventory continues to support the price above 50,000 yuan/ton [7].

Investment Rating - The report maintains a positive investment rating for metals, copper, and aluminum, suggesting an increase in allocation [8]. Core Viewpoints - The report highlights the potential for price increases in lithium due to supply disruptions, particularly from large mines in Jiangxi facing production halts [2][5]. - Industrial metals have rebounded, driven by a weaker dollar and renewed anti-involution sentiment, with copper and aluminum prices increasing by 1.4% and 1.7% respectively [6][24]. - The report emphasizes the strategic importance of rare earths and tungsten, with a focus on their value reassessment amid geopolitical tensions and supply chain developments [5]. Summary by Sections Lithium and Supply Dynamics - Lithium supply is expected to tighten significantly due to potential production halts in Jiangxi, leading to a substantial reduction in the annual supply-demand surplus [2][5]. - The report notes that domestic mining regulations are becoming stricter, which may further impact lithium production [5]. Precious Metals - The report suggests focusing on gold stocks for a potential second wave of market activity this year, recommending an increase in allocation as gold prices stabilize above $3,500 per ounce [4]. - The analysis indicates that gold stocks may experience a quarterly resonance across price, valuation, and style dimensions [4]. Strategic and Energy Metals - The report identifies strategic metals like rare earths and tungsten as having significant upside potential due to government policies and market dynamics [5]. - It mentions that the price of rare earths has shown improvement, with Baotou Steel Rare Earth's price for rare earth concentrate rising to 19,100 yuan per ton, reflecting a 1.5% increase [5]. Industrial Metals - Industrial metals are experiencing price fluctuations, with copper and aluminum showing signs of recovery due to macroeconomic factors and expectations of interest rate cuts [6][24]. - The report notes that the overall demand for copper and aluminum is likely to decline in the second half of the year, but potential policy support could stabilize prices [6]. Market Performance - The report indicates that the metal materials and mining sector outperformed the broader market, with a 5.24% increase compared to the Shanghai Composite Index's 2.11% rise [14]. - Key stocks in the sector, such as Zijin Mining and China Hongqiao, are highlighted for their strong performance [6][22].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights a mixed performance in various sectors, with a decline in prices for steel, cement, and industrial metals, while float glass and thermal coal prices continue to rise. The service consumption sector shows a divergence, with tourism experiencing a decline and the film market showing significant improvement [1][2]. Group 1: Downstream Consumption - Real estate sales continue to struggle, with a 20.8% year-on-year decline in transaction area for commercial housing in 30 major cities. First, second, and third-tier cities saw declines of 17.8%, 15.7%, and 37.0% respectively [2]. - The average daily retail sales of passenger cars increased by 5.0% year-on-year during the week of July 21-27, supported by the release of the third batch of national subsidy funds [2]. - The film box office saw a significant improvement, with a 49.0% increase week-on-week and a year-on-year growth of 64.8%, attributed to the release of new films during the summer season [2]. Group 2: Midstream Manufacturing - The construction sector remains weak, impacting the construction activity and leading to a decline in steel prices, while float glass prices continue to rise [3]. - Manufacturing activity has slowed down, particularly in the automotive and chemical sectors, while the oil asphalt sector has seen a rebound, indicating some resilience in infrastructure demand [3]. - Industrial metal prices have decreased due to weak demand and the impact of U.S. tariffs, alongside a decline in sentiment regarding the "involution" phenomenon [3]. Group 3: Human Flow and Logistics - Long-distance passenger transport demand continues to grow, with a 3.3% week-on-week increase in the Baidu migration scale index and a 21.0% year-on-year increase [4]. - Freight logistics have shown a slight decline, with national highway truck traffic and railway freight volume decreasing by 0.9% and 1.4% respectively week-on-week, but still showing year-on-year growth of 2.8% and 6.5% [4]. - Sea freight prices have decreased, and domestic port cargo and container throughput have dropped by 5.0% and 8.5% respectively week-on-week, indicating a marginal decline in export activity [4].

Group 1 - The report highlights a divergence in cyclical commodity prices, with steel, cement, and industrial metal prices declining, while float glass and thermal coal prices continue to rise. The film market shows significant improvement due to new releases during the summer season [2][13][31]. - The construction demand remains weak, leading to a decrease in steel prices and continued pressure on cement prices. However, float glass prices have seen an increase [5][15][42]. - The automotive and chemical industries are experiencing a seasonal slowdown in operating rates, while the oil asphalt sector shows a contrary increase, indicating resilience in infrastructure demand [2][5][15]. Group 2 - Real estate sales are still struggling, with a year-on-year decline of 20.8% in transaction area across 30 major cities. The decline is more pronounced in third-tier cities, with a drop of 37.0% [5][18]. - The average daily retail of passenger cars increased by 5.0% year-on-year, supported by the release of the third batch of national subsidies. However, dealer inventory pressure has slightly increased, raising concerns about the sustainability of this growth [5][21]. - The film box office revenue saw a significant increase of 49.0% week-on-week and a year-on-year growth of 64.8%, driven by the release of popular new films during the summer [5][31]. Group 3 - In the manufacturing sector, there is a seasonal slowdown in operating rates, particularly in the automotive and chemical industries, while oil asphalt production has increased, reflecting ongoing infrastructure demand [15][48]. - The prices of industrial metals have declined due to weak demand and the impact of tariffs on copper, with copper and aluminum prices dropping by 1.1% and 0.4% respectively [57][58]. - Long-distance passenger transport demand continues to grow, while export logistics show signs of decline, with highway freight traffic down by 0.9% and railway freight volume down by 1.4% [66][70].

1. Report Industry Investment Rating The report does not explicitly mention the overall industry investment rating. However, it provides mid - term outlooks for each metal, which can be summarized as follows based on the rating standard (expected price movement within 2 - 12 weeks): - **Copper**: Expected to be in a volatile pattern [8][9] - **Alumina**: Expected to maintain high - volatility and wide - range oscillation in the short term [9] - **Aluminum**: Expected to be range - bound in the short term and bearish in the medium - long term [11][13] - **Aluminum Alloy**: ADC12 and ADC12 - A00 are expected to be in a low - level oscillation in the short term, with potential for an upward movement later [13][15] - **Zinc**: Expected to be volatile and bearish [15][16] - **Lead**: Expected to be in a volatile state [17][20] - **Nickel**: Expected to be volatile and bearish in the short term, and a short - position is recommended in the medium - long term [21][25] - **Stainless Steel**: Expected to be range - bound in the short term [26] - **Tin**: Expected to be in a volatile pattern, with potential for increased volatility in August [27][29] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report Investors are concerned about weak consumption, causing the non - ferrous metals market to decline under pressure. The 7 - month Politburo meeting was in line with expectations, and potential incremental stimulus policies are yet to be seen. The market's focus has shifted back to weakening consumption. The US and the EU have reached a 15% tariff agreement, and the Sino - US tariff has been further extended. The Fed kept interest rates unchanged in July, and the US unexpectedly did not impose additional taxes on refined copper imports, leading to a stronger US dollar index, which exerts pressure on non - ferrous metals. In terms of supply and demand, the supply and demand of base metals are gradually loosening seasonally, and domestic inventories are rising seasonally. In the short - to - medium term, the rapid rise of the US dollar and the expectation of weakening demand will suppress prices, and there is a risk of further decline in the center of gravity of non - ferrous metals. It is recommended to short zinc ingots at high prices and cautiously consider low - buying and short - term long opportunities for aluminum and tin. In the long term, the demand outlook for base metals remains uncertain, and short - selling opportunities at high prices for some varieties with supply - demand surplus or expected surplus can be considered [1]. 3. Summary by Variety Copper - **Viewpoint**: The US tariff on copper has been implemented, causing a significant decline in COMEX copper prices. - **Information Analysis**: The US will impose a 50% tariff on imported semi - finished copper products and copper - intensive derivative products starting from August 1. The Fed maintained the benchmark interest rate unchanged. China's electrolytic copper production in June decreased slightly month - on - month but increased year - on - year. The spot price of electrolytic copper increased slightly, and the inventory decreased slightly [8]. - **Main Logic**: Macroscopically, COMEX copper prices dropped significantly, and the C - L spread returned to the historical average. In terms of supply and demand, the copper ore processing fee continued to decline, and the raw material supply was still tight. The demand for copper rods decreased, and the copper inventory increased, weakening the upward momentum of copper prices. Attention should be paid to the implementation of reciprocal tariffs [9]. - **Outlook**: The supply of copper is still restricted, and the inventory is at a low level. However, the demand is marginally weakening, and the US tariff on copper is unfavorable to Shanghai copper prices. Copper is expected to show a volatile pattern [9]. Alumina - **Viewpoint**: The market sentiment has declined, and alumina prices are oscillating and falling. - **Information Analysis**: The spot prices of alumina in different regions showed different trends on July 31. There were some spot basis - point transactions, and an overseas transaction of 30,000 tons of alumina was completed. The alumina warehouse receipts remained unchanged [9]. - **Main Logic**: In the short term, the "anti - involution" sentiment and the low warehouse receipts problem dominate the alumina market. Fundamentally, the supply is increasing, and the inventory is rising, but the warehouse receipts are at a very low level. The market price is expected to be in a wide - range oscillation before the significant increase in warehouse receipts [11]. - **Outlook**: Alumina is expected to maintain high - volatility and wide - range oscillation in the short term. Attention should be paid to the "anti - involution" sentiment and warehouse receipts [11]. Aluminum - **Viewpoint**: The social inventory continues to accumulate, and aluminum prices are oscillating weakly. - **Information Analysis**: On July 31, the average price of SMM AOO aluminum decreased, the inventory of aluminum rods decreased slightly, and the inventory of electrolytic aluminum ingots increased significantly. The warehouse receipts of electrolytic aluminum decreased. The US and the EU are still negotiating trade agreements, and the Sino - US tariffs have been extended again [11][12]. - **Main Logic**: In the short term, the Sino - US tariffs have been extended again, and the Politburo meeting statement is in line with expectations. The supply is at a high level, and the demand is in a weakening trend. The social inventory continues to accumulate, and the spot is at a discount. The off - season inventory accumulation trend may continue [13]. - **Outlook**: The short - term consumption and inventory accumulation rhythm need to be observed, and the price is expected to be range - bound. In the long term, there are concerns about consumption, and a short - selling strategy at high prices is recommended based on the premium/discount and inventory inflection point [13]. Aluminum Alloy - **Viewpoint**: There is still cost support, and the market is oscillating. - **Information Analysis**: On July 31, the price of ADC12 remained unchanged, and the price of SMM AOO aluminum decreased. The import volume of scrap aluminum in June decreased year - on - year. The Sino - US tariffs have been extended, and the Politburo meeting was in line with expectations [13][15]. - **Main Logic**: The cost of ADC12 is supported by the firm price of scrap aluminum. The demand is in the off - season, and the inventory is accumulating. The ADC12 - A00 spread is at a low level, and there is an expectation of an upward movement in the future [15]. - **Outlook**: In the short term, ADC12 and ADC12 - A00 are expected to be in a low - level oscillation, and the market follows electrolytic aluminum. There is room for an upward movement later, and cross - variety arbitrage opportunities can be considered [15]. Zinc - **Viewpoint**: The "anti - involution" sentiment has eased, and zinc prices are oscillating weakly. - **Information Analysis**: On July 31, the spot premiums of zinc in different regions were different, and the inventory increased. A large - scale lead - zinc smelting project was put into production [15][16]. - **Main Logic**: Macroscopically, the "anti - involution" speculation sentiment has cooled down. The supply of zinc ore has become looser, and the smelting profit is good. The demand is in the traditional off - season, and the overall demand expectation is average. The fundamentals are in a surplus state [16]. - **Outlook**: In August, the production of zinc ingots will remain high, and the demand is in the off - season. Zinc prices are expected to be volatile and bearish [16]. Lead - **Viewpoint**: There is still cost support, and the decline space of lead prices is limited. - **Information Analysis**: On July 31, the price of scrap batteries remained unchanged, the price of lead decreased slightly, the inventory increased slightly, and the supply increased. The downstream procurement enthusiasm improved slightly [17]. - **Main Logic**: In the spot market, the premium is stable, and the spread between primary and recycled lead has decreased slightly. The supply of recycled lead is increasing, and the demand is in the transition period from the off - season to the peak season, with the battery factory's operating rate higher than the same period in previous years [20]. - **Outlook**: The macro - situation is fluctuating. The demand is gradually recovering, and the supply may continue to increase slightly. The cost of recycled lead is strongly supported, and lead prices are expected to be in a volatile state [20]. Nickel - **Viewpoint**: The anti - speculation logic has emerged, and nickel prices are oscillating weakly. - **Information Analysis**: On July 31, the LME nickel inventory increased, and the domestic inventory decreased slightly. Many companies in the nickel industry have investment and development plans, and the Indonesian nickel ore association proposed to revise the HPM formula [21][22][23]. - **Main Logic**: The market sentiment dominates the market, and the industrial fundamentals are marginally weakening. The raw material supply may become looser after the rainy season, and the intermediate product output has recovered. The inventory has accumulated significantly, and the upward pressure is significant [25]. - **Outlook**: In the short term, nickel prices are expected to be volatile and bearish, and a short - position is recommended in the medium - long term [25]. Stainless Steel - **Viewpoint**: The price of nickel iron is strong, and the stainless - steel market is oscillating. - **Information Analysis**: The stainless - steel futures warehouse receipts remained unchanged. The spot premium in Foshan was positive, and the price of high - nickel pig iron increased [26]. - **Main Logic**: The prices of nickel iron and chromium iron are stable. The supply is at a high level, and the demand is in the traditional off - season. The inventory has decreased, and the structural surplus pressure has been relieved [26]. - **Outlook**: The cost has increased recently. Attention should be paid to the possibility of production cuts by steel mills. The demand is limited by the off - season, and the price is expected to be range - bound in the short term [26]. Tin - **Viewpoint**: The supply is still tight, and tin prices are oscillating. - **Information Analysis**: On July 31, the LME tin warehouse receipts remained unchanged, the Shanghai tin warehouse receipts decreased, and the position decreased. The spot price of tin decreased [27]. - **Main Logic**: After the mining license is issued, the tin ore production is expected to increase gradually, but the domestic tin ore shortage situation will not change for the time being. The supply of raw materials for smelters is tight, and the operating rate and output are under downward pressure. The terminal demand has weakened marginally [27]. - **Outlook**: The tin price is supported by the tight supply of tin ore. It is expected to be in a volatile pattern, and the volatility may increase in August [29].

Group 1 - Recent fluctuations in copper prices have been influenced by a weakening US dollar and inventory depletion in non-US regions, alongside domestic sentiment regarding "anti-involution" [2] - The US has announced trade agreements with Japan and the Philippines, and negotiations with the EU have eased, reducing uncertainty around tariffs [2] - The "anti-involution" sentiment has led to optimism in the industrial sector, but the actual impact on copper prices has been limited due to low domestic copper inventory and concerns over US import tariffs [3][4] Group 2 - Domestic smelting enterprises are facing challenges due to low processing fees, but strong performance in by-products like sulfuric acid and gold has provided some profit support [6] - The tightening supply of copper concentrate is expected to persist, with major mining companies reporting mixed production outcomes [4][6] - The upcoming increase in US import tariffs on copper, potentially rising from 25% to 50%, is expected to alter global copper trade dynamics, leading to increased inventories in non-US regions [8][10] Group 3 - The copper market is currently experiencing a demand lull, which is limiting upward price momentum despite low social inventory levels [10] - The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has slightly upgraded its global economic growth forecasts, which may support copper demand in the near term [10] - The market is closely monitoring the August 1 deadline for US tariffs, which could lead to increased volatility in copper prices if implemented as scheduled [10]

Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - No relevant content provided Group 2: Core View of the Report - The driving force of the 91 spread may come from the SR2601 contract. The domestic situation is relatively strong, but the spot price is higher than the cost of out-of-quota imports, with no valuation advantage. The import volume in Q3 2025 is expected to increase significantly quarter-on-quarter, and the spot price will remain stable. Currently, the basis of the SR2509 contract is at a low level compared to previous years, with limited potential for imagination. The SR2601 contract is priced based on expectations, anchored to domestic production costs and out-of-quota import costs, and is also affected by the anti-involution sentiment. From late June onwards, driven by the anti-involution sentiment, the prices of industrial products such as polysilicon and coking coal have risen significantly, and the Zhengzhou sugar price has followed suit. In addition, the market expects that the sugar yield in Guangxi in the 25/26 sugar season is likely to decline, and the production cost will increase, supporting the price of the SR2601 contract. From August to September, the spot price is expected to remain stable, the basis of the SR2509 contract has limited potential for imagination, and the driving force of the 91 spread depends on the SR2601 contract [1][24] Group 3: Summary According to the Directory 1. Zhengzhou Sugar 91 Spread First Strengthened and Then Weakened - Since June 2025, the spread between the SR2509 contract and the SR2601 contract (hereinafter referred to as the 91 spread) has first strengthened and then weakened, generally fluctuating within the range of 100 - 200 yuan/ton, with a relatively small fluctuation range [4] - From June to July, the 91 spread strengthened, mainly because the price of the SR2509 contract was stronger. After the expiration of the New York raw sugar 2507 contract, the New York raw sugar price bottomed out and rebounded, and the suppression of the weak expectation on the SR2509 contract weakened. As the SR2507 contract expired, the SR2509 contract became the near-term contract, and as the delivery month approached, the pricing gradually shifted from expectation-based pricing to reality-based pricing. Against the background of a high basis, the price of the SR2509 contract was relatively stronger than that of the SR2601 contract [4] - Since July, the 91 spread has weakened, and the price of the SR2601 contract has been relatively stronger. Starting from July, the anti-involution sentiment in the domestic market has swept through the commodity market, and the prices of agricultural products have also been affected by this sentiment. Most of the funds trading on the macro level choose the far-term contracts. Fundamentally, the delivery of the SR2509 contract is still affected by the beet sugar warehouse receipts. On the one hand, the basis of the SR2509 contract has been repaired to a low level in recent years; on the other hand, the basis before the expiration of the SR2507 contract was still relatively high, so the room for the basis of the SR2509 contract to continue to weaken is limited [4] 2. The Basis of the SR2509 Contract is at a Low Level Compared to Previous Years, with Limited Potential for Imagination 2.1 Pricing Benchmark of the SR2509 Contract and the SR2601 Contract - The price of the SR2509 contract first declined and then increased. Since May 2025, the spot price in Nanning has fluctuated downward, with a fluctuation range of 6000 - 6200 yuan/ton. The SR2509 contract first declined and then increased, with a fluctuation range of 5600 - 5930 yuan/ton. The fluctuation range of the spot price is smaller than that of the futures price, and the basis fluctuates within the range of 150 - 400 yuan/ton, showing an overall inverted "V" shape. Since mid-June 2025, the basis of the SR2509 contract has weakened significantly. Currently, the basis of the SR2509 contract is at a low level compared to previous years, and its absolute level is lower than that before the expiration of the SR2507 contract, with limited potential for imagination [8] - The basis before the expiration of the SR2507 contract was relatively high. Since May 2025, the price of the SR2507 contract has fluctuated downward, and the basis has fluctuated within the range of 200 - 350 yuan/ton. The average basis in June was 282 yuan/ton, and the average basis in July was 279 yuan/ton. The basis before expiration was generally at a relatively high level. It is believed that the high basis before the expiration of the SR2507 contract is mainly related to the high proportion of beet sugar warehouse receipts [10] - The warehouse receipts mainly consist of beet sugar and Yunnan sugar. On July 29, 2025, the number of registered warehouse receipts for Zhengzhou sugar was 19,746. Among them, there were about 197 warehouse receipts for cane sugar from the Guangxi production area, about 2,324 warehouse receipts for cane sugar from the Yunnan production area, 1,824 warehouse receipts for credit from Yunnan factories, 5,000 warehouse receipts for credit from processing sugar factories in the sales area, about 8,706 warehouse receipts for beet sugar in the sales area, and 1,695 warehouse receipts for credit from beet sugar factories in the sales area. The warehouse receipts likely to be delivered are probably the beet sugar in the sales area and the cane sugar from the Yunnan production area, with a quantity of around 14,500 (including the possible warehouse receipts for credit from factories) [12] - The SR2601 contract is priced based on expectations, and its price increase benefits from the anti-involution sentiment. The pricing of the SR2601 contract is anchored to domestic production costs and out-of-quota import costs, and is also affected by the anti-involution sentiment. Since late June, driven by the anti-involution sentiment, the prices of industrial products such as polysilicon and coking coal have risen significantly, and the Zhengzhou sugar price has followed suit. Fundamentally, after the expiration of the New York raw sugar July contract, the news of Pakistan's import of 500,000 tons of sugar was positive. The markets in Brazil and India lacked obvious marginal information to drive prices, and the prices generally stabilized and then fluctuated within a range, with the out-of-quota import cost remaining stable [15] 2.2 International and Domestic Market Fundamentals - In the 24/25 sugar season, the global sugar supply was in a shortage of 5.47 million tons. In May 2025, the ISO released a report on the global sugar market for the 24/25 year, with a production of 174.80 million tons and a consumption of 180.26 million tons, resulting in a global supply shortage of 5.47 million tons, compared with a previous forecast of a shortage of 4.88 million tons (forecast in February 2025). In terms of the quantity of the supply shortage, the shortage is at a relatively high level in history, indicating that the overall market supply situation is relatively tight. In the 24/25 sugar season, Conab estimated that the sugar production in Brazil would be 44.12 million tons (-1.56 million tons), and Nfcsf estimated that the sugar production in India would be 26.11 million tons (-5.79 million tons) [18] - In the 25/26 sugar season, the global sugar market is expected to have a surplus. In the 25/26 sugar season, the USDA estimated that the global sugar production would be 189.32 million tons, with a surplus of 11.4 million tons. Datagro estimated a global surplus of 1.53 million tons, GreenPool estimated a surplus of 1.15 million tons, Louis Dreyfus estimated a surplus of 0.4 million tons, and Alvean estimated a surplus of 0.4 million tons [20] - The core of the domestic sugar market trading is still the total import volume and structure. According to CAOC data, in the 24/25 sugar season, China's sugar production was 11.16 million tons (+1.2 million tons), consumption was 15.8 million tons, and imports were 5 million tons. In the 25/26 sugar season, China's sugar production is expected to be 11.2 million tons (+0.04 million tons), consumption is expected to be 15.9 million tons (+0.1 million tons), and imports are expected to be 5 million tons. In Q2 2025, the Guangxi production area was threatened by drought, but the total production data from CAOC did not change significantly. In Q1 2025, the policy tightened the import of syrup and premixed powder, and in May 2025, the supervision of 4 measures of the special account book management policy for commodities was further refined. Even if the in-quota import volume remains the same, with the decrease in the import volume of syrup and premixed powder, the market needs out-of-quota imports to fill the supply gap, and the pricing anchor point switches to the out-of-quota import cost. The total import volume and structure are the core of the market trading [20] 3. The Driving Force of the 91 Spread May Come from the SR2601 Contract - In the international market, the situation is one of strong reality and weak expectation. In terms of driving factors, in the 24/25 sugar season, the short-term supply in the global market is relatively large, and the reality is still strong; in the 25/26 sugar season, the global sugar market is expected to increase production and accumulate inventory, with a weak expectation [22] - In terms of valuation, although the price of New York raw sugar has significantly declined from its high level, its valuation is still relatively high compared to other major agricultural products [23] - In the domestic market, the pricing anchor point is the out-of-quota import cost. Whether in the 24/25 sugar season or the 25/26 sugar season, even if the in-quota import volume remains the same, with the decrease in the import volume of syrup and premixed powder, the market needs out-of-quota imports to fill the supply gap, and the pricing anchor point switches to the out-of-quota import cost. The total import volume and structure are the core of the market trading [23] - The driving force of the 91 spread depends on the SR2601 contract. The domestic situation is relatively strong, but the spot price is higher than the cost of out-of-quota imports, with no valuation advantage. The import volume in Q3 2025 is expected to increase significantly quarter-on-quarter, and the spot price will remain stable. Currently, the basis of the SR2509 contract is at a low level compared to previous years, with limited potential for imagination. The SR2601 contract is priced based on expectations, anchored to domestic production costs and out-of-quota import costs, and is also affected by the anti-involution sentiment. From late June onwards, driven by the anti-involution sentiment, the prices of industrial products such as polysilicon and coking coal have risen significantly, and the Zhengzhou sugar price has followed suit. In addition, the market expects that the sugar yield in Guangxi in the 25/26 sugar season is likely to decline, and the production cost will increase, supporting the price of the SR2601 contract. From August to September, the spot price is expected to remain stable, the basis of the SR2509 contract has limited potential for imagination, and the driving force of the 91 spread depends on the SR2601 contract [24]